Abstract Common bean breeding obtained cultivars with high yield and resistance to diseases. We evaluated anthracnose resistance of genotypes from breeding programs where selection was made mainly to increase grain yield. A germplasm collection of 845 lines were assessed with four of the most frequent Colletotrichum lindemuthianum races found in Brazil (65, 73, 81 and 89). In addition to high reaction variability, we identified 633 lines resistant to at least one race. Most resistant lines have a Carioca grain type. The virulence indexes ranged from 51.7% to 63.2% (races 81 and 73) and resistance indexes ranged from 0% (susceptible) to 100% (resistant). This study presents complete characterization about resistance to anthracnose of a wide collection, provides information about cultivars that can be directly introduced in current breeding programs and shows that breeding focused on increasing grain yield has also been successful in selecting resistant genotypes to anthracnose disease. diseases 84 65, 65 (65 73 8 89. 89 . 89) variability 63 race type 517 51 7 51.7 632 2 63.2 0 susceptible (susceptible 100 resistant. (resistant) disease 6 (6 5 51. 63. 10 (resistant ( 1

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a diversidade das espécies que compõem a agrobiodiversidade de quintais agroflorestais (e matas entorno) de propriedades situadas na região periurbana de Sinop, Mato Grosso. Foram selecionadas dez propriedades mediante visitas às feiras e junto à Secretaria de Agricultura Municipal. Aplicaram-se questionário semi-estruturado e a técnica da lista livre aos agricultores, sendo as espécies citadas classificadas com o sistema APG III (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) e uso das plataformas “The Plant List” e “Flora do Brasil 2020”. Os dados foram analisados mediante estatística não-paramétrica. Os agricultores informantes são a maioria mulheres, naturais da região Sul do país, com idade média de 59 anos, os quais vivem no local há mais de 20 anos. No total, 161 espécies foram identificadas. Destas, um terço são nativas e o restante exóticas. O Índice de Shannon (H’) para o total das espécies foi 4,87. As espécies estão distribuídas em 55 famílias, sendo Fabaceae a mais representativa. A agricultura periurbana apresentada nesta pesquisa mantém elevada riqueza de diversidade interespecífica e contribui para a segurança alimentar e econômica dos agricultores. entorno Sinop Grosso Municipal Aplicaramse Aplicaram se semiestruturado semi estruturado Angiosperm Group The List Flora 2020. 2020 . 2020” nãoparamétrica. nãoparamétrica não paramétrica. paramétrica não-paramétrica mulheres país 5 anos 2 16 identificadas Destas exóticas H (H’ 487 4 87 4,87 famílias representativa 202 1 (H 48 8 4,8 4,

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of species that make up the agrobiodiversity of homegardens (and the surrounding forest) of properties located in the periurban region of Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Ten properties were selected through visits to fairs and the Municipal Agriculture Department. A semi-structured questionnaire and the free list technique were applied to the farmers and the species mentioned were classified using the APG III system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) and the platforms “The Plant List” and “Flora do Brasil 2020”. The data were analyzed using a non-parametric statistical analysis. The subjects interviewed were mostly women, originally from the southern region of the country, with an average age of 59 years, and have lived on the properties for more than 20 years. In total, 161 species were identified. Of these, one third are native and the rest exotic. The Shannon index (H’) for the total species was 4.87. The species are distributed in 55 families, Fabaceae being the most representative. The periurban agriculture presented in this research maintain a high richness of interspecific diversity and contribute to the food safety and economic security of farmers. forest Sinop Grosso Brazil Department semistructured semi structured Angiosperm Group List Flora 2020. 2020 . 2020” nonparametric non parametric analysis women country 5 years 2 16 identified these exotic H (H’ 487 4 87 4.87 families representative 202 1 (H 48 8 4.8 4.

Abstract Angular leaf spot (ALS), caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora griseola, is one of the most important foliar fungal diseases in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The search for new sources of resistance to ALS is a promising activity in common bean breeding programs. In this study, the reaction of 416 germplasm accessions from the Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) to P. griseola (race 63-63, the most important and most aggressive race) was assessed under greenhouse conditions (plants in the V2 stage, fully developed unifoliolate leaves). We identified 102 (24.5%) resistant and 314 (75.5%) susceptible accessions. Among the resistant lines, more than half are Carioca grain type lines. This study characterizes the resistance of a wide collection of common bean genotypes. The identification of new accessions resistant to P. griseola is an important step in common bean breeding programs. These lines can continually be incorporated in backcrosses to obtain cultivars resistant to ALS.

O presente trabalho apresenta os fatores que afetam a produção e regeneração de protoplastos de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. O isolamento de protoplastos é muito relevante para diferentes aplicações, principalmente, em procedimentos que envolvem a manipulação genética. Estabilizadores osmóticos, enzimas líticas, tempo de incubação e idade micelial foram testados com relação ao efeito na liberação de protoplastos. As condições otimizadas para produção de protoplastos foram incubação de micélio jovem (48 h) em estabilizador osmótico NaCl 0.6 mol l-1, acrescido de 30 mg ml-1 da enzima Lysing Enzymes de Trichoderma harzianum incubado, durante 3 h. Nessas condições, a obtenção de protoplastos foi maior que 10(6) protoplatos ml-1 na mistura de digestão, número suficientemente adequado para experimentos de transformação em fungos. Sacarose nas concentrações de 1.2 mol l-1 e 1 mol l-1 foram os estabilizadores mais apropriados para a regeneração, após 48 h, sendo as taxas de regeneração de 16.35% e 14.54%, respectivamente. Este estudo produziu um método eficiente para produção e reversão de protoplastos à morfologia micelial típica de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum utilizando o isolado LV115.

The present work reports factors affecting the production and regeneration of protoplasts from Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. The usefulness of protoplast isolation is relevant for many different applications and has been principally used in procedures involving genetic manipulation. Osmotic stabilizers, lytic enzymes, incubation time and mycelial age were evaluated in terms of their effects on protoplast yield. The optimal condition for protoplast production included the incubation of young mycelia (48 h) in 0.6 mol l-1 NaCl as the osmotic stabilizer, with 30 mg ml-1 Lysing Enzymes from Trichoderma harzianum for 3 h of incubation. In these conditions protoplasts production was higher than 10(6) protoplatos ml-1 in the digestion mixture, number suitable enough for experiments of transformation in fungi. Sucrose concentrations of 1.2 mol l-1 and 1 mol l-1 were the most suitable osmotic stabilizers for the regeneration after 48 h, with rates of 16.35% and 14.54%, respectively. This study produced an efficient method for protoplast production and reverted them into a typical mycelial morphology using a Colletotrichum lindemuthianum LV115 isolate.