Abstract Cryoprotectants are required to reduce damage caused to the cells due to low temperatures during the cryopreservation. Antifreeze proteins (AFP) have a well-known role in cell membrane protection, while resveratrol is a potent antioxidant. This study assessed the effect of the association of resveratrol concentrations and AFP I in a ram semen extender. Pooled semen of four rams was allocated into six treatments in a factorial arrangement: (CONT, only the semen extender); only AFP I (ANT: 0.1 µg/mL of AFP I), only resveratrol, one treatment with two levels (10 µM/mL or 50 µM/mL of resveratrol); and two treatments with the interactions, with one AFP I and one of the two levels of resveratrol (0.1 µg/mL of AFP I with 10 µM/mL resveratrol; 0.1 µg/mL of AFP I with 50 µM/mL resveratrol). No interaction between factors was observed on sperm kinetics, plasma membrane integrity, hypo-osmotic test, and mitochondrial activity parameters. There was a high probability (P = 0.06) of reducing sperm cells with functional membrane percentage in the hypo-osmotic test and increasing the percentage of sperm with high mitochondrial activity (P = 0.07) was observed in AFP presence. An interaction of AFP and resveratrol was observed in non-capacitated sperm (P = 0.009), acrosomal reaction (P = 0.034), and sperm binding (P = 0.04). In conclusion, the association of resveratrol and AFP did not improve the quality of frozen-thawed semen and even promoted deleterious effects compared to their single addition in the semen extender. The supplementation of 50 µM/mL of resveratrol improved the outcomes of frozen-thawed ram sperm, being a potential cryoprotectant. cryopreservation (AFP wellknown well known protection antioxidant extender arrangement CONT, CONT (CONT extender) ANT (ANT 01 0 1 0. µgmL µg mL I, , I) (1 µMmL µM 5 resveratrol) interactions (0. resveratrol. . kinetics integrity hypoosmotic hypo osmotic parameters P 0.06 006 06 0.07 007 07 presence noncapacitated non capacitated 0.009, 0009 0.009 009 0.009) 0.034, 0034 0.034 034 0.034) 0.04. 004 0.04 04 0.04) conclusion frozenthawed frozen thawed cryoprotectant ( (0 0.0 00 000 0.00 003 0.03 03

ABSTRACT Improving natural ventilation during animal transportation is a promising approach for promoting animal well-being and reducing losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate in silico the efficiency of devices (airfoils and deflectors) used for cooling trailers during the transportation of pigs. Device performance was assessed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and 3D modeling of the enthalpy profile of a trailer, and adaptive mesh generation was employed to construct a computational mesh. Turbulence treatments were performed using RANS model and k-ω SST models. The results revealed that compared with the conditions observed in commercial transportation, the use of an airfoil increased the airflow and reduced the enthalpy within the assessed trailer (-5.4%). Likewise, the use of deflectors resulted in a reduction in enthalpy (-3.04%), although their use led to a translocation of the thermal core to the front region of the upper floor of the trailer. Nevertheless, the use deflectors has been proven to be more efficient when combined with an airfoil. In conclusion, the results obtained from our CFD simulations provide evidence to indicate that it is possible to optimize ventilation within transport containers using aerodynamic devices. wellbeing well being losses airfoils pigs (CFD D kω k ω models 5.4%. 54 5.4% . 5 4 (-5.4%) Likewise 3.04%, 304 3.04% , 3 04 (-3.04%) Nevertheless conclusion 5.4 (-5.4% 30 3.04 0 (-3.04% 5. (-5.4 3.0 (-3.04 (-5. 3. (-3.0 (-5 (-3. (- (-3 (

Resumo Este artigo analisa o cumprimento das metas 17 e 18 do Plano Nacional de Educação, que tratam da equiparação salarial do magistério com os/as demais profissionais de formação equivalente e da existência de planos de carreira e remuneração nas redes de Ensino, discutindo sua adequação. Foram analisados os relatórios de monitoramento do PNE, cotejando-os à luz da legislação e da literatura. Os resultados sinalizam que, embora a distância entre a média da remuneração dos/as docentes e a dos/as não docentes tenha diminuído, isso se deve à queda na remuneração dos/as profissionais não docentes. Além disso, para uma melhor compreensão da valorização do magistério, são necessários dados que permitam compreender não apenas a existência de planos de carreira, mas também seus conteúdos e, sobretudo, se eles são cumpridos ou não, elementos que colocam em questão a adequação de tais metas. 1 Educação osas as Ensino PNE cotejandoos cotejando literatura dosas dos diminuído disso sobretudo

Abstract This paper analyzes the fulfillment of goals 17 and 18 of the National Education Plan (PNE), which deal with salary equality for teachers with other professionals with equivalent Education and the existence of career and remuneration plans in education systems, discussing their adequacy. The PNE monitoring reports were analyzed, relating them to the legislation and the literature. The results indicate that, although the distance between the average teaching remuneration and that of non-teaching professionals has decreased, this is due to the drop in the remuneration of non-teaching professionals. Also, data is needed for a better understanding of the valorization of teaching and to clarify not only the existence of career plans but also their content and, above all, whether or not they are fulfilled, elements that raise questions about the adequacy of such goals. 1 PNE, , (PNE) systems analyzed literature nonteaching non decreased Also all fulfilled (PNE

Resumen Este artículo analiza el cumplimiento de las metas 17 y 18 del Plan Nacional de Educación (PNE), que tratan de la equiparación salarial de los docentes con otros profesionales con formación equivalente y la existencia de planes de carrera y retribución en las redes educativas, discutiendo su adecuación. Se analizaron los informes de seguimiento del PNE, comparándolos a la luz de la legislación y de la literatura. Los resultados muestran que, aunque la diferencia entre el salario medio de los docentes y el de los profesionales no docentes se ha reducido, esto se debe a la disminución de la remuneración de los profesionales no docentes. Además, para comprender mejor la valorización de la profesión docente se necesitan datos para comprender no sólo la existencia de planes de carrera, sino también su contenido y, sobre todo, si estos se cumplen o no, lo que puede cuestionar la idoneidad de los objetivos del PNE. 1 PNE , (PNE) educativas adecuación literatura reducido Además todo (PNE

RESUMO A legislação brasileira e a literatura vinculam a valorização e a atratividade da docência à criação de planos de carreira para o magistério público da educação básica. É possível, no entanto, observar uma mudança significativa na forma de se conceber a carreira docente nos documentos oficiais e de organismos internacionais. Os documentos orientadores da carreira do magistério paulista refletem essas mudanças de forma exemplar. Tendo isso em vista, este artigo busca discutir essas alterações, em particular, as que dizem respeito às formas de movimentação na carreira docente, por meio da análise dos documentos orientadores da carreira, sobretudo do Estatuto do Magistério Paulista, aprovado pela Lei Complementar n. 444 de 1985, do Plano de Carreira, Vencimentos e Salários para os integrantes do Quadro do Magistério, instituído pela Lei Complementar n. 836 de 1997 e da recente Lei Complementar n. 1.374 de 2022, que instituiu novos Planos de Carreira e Remuneração para os Professores de Ensino Fundamental e Médio, para os Diretores Escolares e para os Supervisores Educacionais da Secretaria da Educação. A análise aqui empreendida evidenciou que, na maior rede de ensino pública do país, a carreira do magistério tem sido alterada de forma a se aproximar cada vez mais de uma perspectiva gerencialista, da qual a mudança aprovada em 2022 é exemplar, posto que enfatiza o desempenho e o mérito e desconsidera o tempo de experiência docente. básica possível entanto internacionais exemplar vista alterações particular Paulista n 44 1985 83 199 1374 1 374 1.37 Médio Educação país gerencialista 202 4 198 8 19 137 37 1.3 20 13 3 1. 2

ABSTRACT Brazilian legislation and literature associate the appreciation and attractiveness of teaching to the creation of career plans for public teachers in basic education. It is possible, however, to observe a significant change in the way teaching careers are conceived in official documents and those of international organizations. The guiding documents for the teaching career in São Paulo reflect these changes in an exemplary way. Therefore, this paper aims to discuss these changes, especially those related to the forms of movement in the teaching career, through the analysis of the guiding documents for teaching career, as the Statute of the São Paulo State Teaching Profession, approved by Complementary Law n. 444 from 1985, the Career, Wage and Salaries Plan for the members of the Teaching Profession, created by Complementary Law n. 836 from 1997, and the recent Complementary Law n. 1.374 from 2022, which created new Career and Remuneration Plans for Elementary and Secondary School Teachers, School Principals, and Educational Supervisors of the State Department of Education. The analysis carried out showed that, in the largest public school system in the country, the teaching career has been changed to get closer and closer to a managerialist perspective, of which the change approved in 2022 is an example, since it emphasizes performance and merit and disregards the time of teaching experience. education possible however organizations Therefore Profession n 44 1985 83 1997 1374 1 374 1.37 Teachers Principals Education that country perspective 202 example experience 4 198 8 199 137 37 1.3 20 19 13 3 1. 2

Resumo Este artigo analisa o fenômeno da exoneração de docentes e sua relação com as condições de trabalho na rede estadual paulista de ensino. A discussão parte de levantamento bibliográfico acerca da temática, de dados estatísticos sobre a exoneração no período de 2012 a 2018 e de informações coletadas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com professores da rede. Os dados analisados mostraram elevados e constantes índices de exoneração no período e evidenciaram que este é o momento final de um processo de desistência influenciado fortemente pela insatisfação diante das condições de trabalho, sobretudo da carreira, dos salários, da jornada de trabalho, e da organização e estrutura da rede paulista. ensino temática 201 carreira salários 20 2

Abstract This article analyzes the teacher resignation process and its relationship with working conditions of the São Paulo state education network. The discussion is based on a bibliographic research about the topic and on a statistical analysis of data from 2012 to 2018, as well as on information from semi-structured interviews with teachers from the education network. The data show high and constant rates of resignation in that period and highline that the resignation can be considered the final moment of a resignation process strongly influenced by dissatisfaction with working conditions, especially with career, salary, working hours and the organization and structure of the São Paulo state education network. network 201 2018 semistructured semi structured career salary 20 2

Resumen Este artículo analiza el fenómeno de la renuncia de profesores y su relación con las condiciones laborales en el sistema escolar del estado de São Paulo. La discusión se basa en una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema, en datos estadísticos sobre el período de abandono entre 2012 a 2018 y información obtenida a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los datos analizados mostraron altas y constantes tasas de abandono en el período y mostraron que la renuncia es el momento final de un proceso fuertemente influenciado por la insatisfacción con las condiciones laborales, especialmente carrera, salarios, jornada laboral, organización y estructura de la red pública de São Paulo. Paulo tema 201 semiestructuradas carrera salarios laboral 20 2

Resumo Os contaminantes emergentes (CE), sao substáncias químicas (fármacos, produtos de higiene pessoal, drogas ilícitas entre outros) que estao presentes no ambiente como consequéncia da atividade antrópica e a falta de adequagao dos processos convencionais de tratamento de água e esgoto que nao logram remové-los eficientemente. Na atualidade o uso disseminado e desmedido de fármacos no tratamento da pandemia de COVID 19 tem aumentado a preocupagao dos impactos decorrentes da contaminagao por fármacos em ambientes aquáticos, consequéncia da liberagao no ambiente de grandes quantidades destes compostos. Assim, estudos de ecotoxicidade aquática sao fundamentais para avaliar o efeito de substáncias químicas tóxicas nas análises de impactos ambientais, sobretudo quando utilizado organismos representativos da biota aquática local, garantindo assim, maior confiabilidade e representatividade dos resultados obtidos. Diante disto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi validar a utili-dade do Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (Branchoneta) espécie autóctone do nordeste brasileiro como organismo teste para estudos de ecotoxicidade de fármacos utilizados no tratamento da COVID 19. Testes ecotoxicológicos utilizando D. brasiliensis foram realizados utilizando solugóes dos fármacos paracetamol, hidroxicloroquina, ivermectina e ibuprofeno, em concentragóes de 0,0025 até 600,0 mg/L seguindo os protocolos descritos pela Associagao Brasileira para Normas Técnicas (ABNT) para toxicidade aguda, protocolo padronizado para a realizagao do ensaio ecotoxicológicos utilizando como organismo teste a Daphnia magna, o qual foi empregada como referencia para comparar o padrao de resposta. Com os resultados obtidos foi realizado o cálculo da CL50-48h considerando como desfecho a morte dos organismos, ivermectina (< 0,0025 - < 0,0025), hidroxicloroquina (3,70 - 14,09), ibuprofeno (12,25 - 107,52), paracetamol (8,53 - 9,61), resultados CL50-48h mg/l D. magna e D. brasiliensis respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos mostraram um padrao diferenciado dependente da espécie e do fármaco analisado observando-se uma menor sensibilidade frente a exposigao da D. brasiliensis em comparagao a D. magna demonstrando a valia da D. brasiliensis como organismo teste. Pesquisas futuras dirigidas a analisar as potenciais interagóes destes fármacos em concentragóes ambientais reais sao necessárias para completar a validagao e ter uma aproximagao dos eventos acometidos em ambientes impactados por estes fármacos.

Abstract Emerging contaminants (EC) are chemical substances (pharmaceuticals, personal hygiene products, illicit drugs, among others) that are present in the environment because of human activity and the lack of adequacy of conventional water and sewage treatment processes that do not manage to remove them efficiently. Currently, the widespread and excessive use of drugs in the treatment of the COVID 19 pandemic has increased concern about the impacts resulting from contamination by drugs in aquatic environments, because of the release into the environment of large amounts of these compounds. Thus, aquatic ecotoxicity studies are essential to evaluate the effect of toxic chemical substances in the analysis of environmental impacts, especially when using representative organisms of the local aquatic biota, thus ensuring greater reliability and representativeness of the results obtained. In view of this, the objective of this work was to validate the usefulness of Dendrocephalus brasiliensis (Branchoneta), an autoch-thonous species from northeastern Brazil as a test organism for ecotoxicity studies of drugs used in the treatment of COVID 19. Ecotoxicological tests using D. brasiliensis were performed using drug solutions paracetamol, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin and ibuprofen, in concentrations from 0.0025 to 600.0 mg/L following the protocols described by the Brazilian Association for Technical Norms (ABNT) for acute toxicity, standardized protocol for carrying out the ecotoxicological assay using as a test organism Daphnia magna, which was used as a reference to compare the response pattern. Based on the results obtained, the LC50-48h was calculated considering the death of organisms, ivermectin (< 0.0025 - < 0.0025), hydroxychloroquine (3.70 - 14.09), ibuprofen (12.25 - 107.52), paracetamol (8.53 - 9.61), results LC50-48h mg/l D. magna and D. brasiliensis respectively. The results obtained showed a differenti-ated pattern depending on the species and the analyzed drug, observing a lower sensitivity to exposure of D. brasiliensis compared to D. magna, demonstrating the value of D. brasiliensis as a test organism. Future research aimed at analyzing the potential interac-tions of these drugs at real environmental concentrations is necessary to complete the validation and to have an approximation of the events affected in environments impacted by these drugs.

RESUMO A cultura do amendoim apresenta grande interesse econômico, em decorrência de suas sementes, constituírem importante fonte de proteína vegetal e de óleo comestível. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a fisiologia e crescimento da cultura do amendoim submetido a estresse salino e hídrico. O experimento foi conduzido em Auroras, Redenção, Ceará, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, cujas parcelas referem-se aos níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 e 5,0 dS m-1) e as subparcelas aos regimes hídricos de 50 e 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura. O estresse salino afeta negativamente a altura de planta, número de folhas e massa seca da parte aérea, índices relativos de clorofila, transpiração e a temperatura foliar da cultura do amendoim. O regime hídrico de 100% da ETc proporcionou maiores desempenhos para as variáveis diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e massa seca da parte aérea da cultura do amendoim.

ABSTRACT Peanut crops are of great economic interest because their seeds are used as an important source of vegetable protein and edible oil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological indices and growth of peanut crops subjected to saline and water stress. The experiment was conducted in Auroras, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil using a completely randomized split plot statistical design. The plots were composed of irrigation water treatments with varying levels of electrical conductivity - ECw (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1), while the subplots were formed by the water regimes of 50% and 100% crop evapotranspiration. Plant height, leaf number, shoot dry matter, relative chlorophyll level, transpiration, and leaf temperature were affected by salt stress. The water regime of 100% ETc provided better performance for the variables stem diameter, leaf number, and shoot dry mass of peanuts.

ABSTRACT Background: Chagas disease is gaining importance in the Brazilian Amazon region as a differential diagnosis of febrile syndrome. The most recent microoutbreak occurred in Ipixuna, in Amazonas state. Methods: An epidemiological survey was conducted using parasitological and serological tests, and electrocardiographic analysis. Results: The patients belonged to one family and had ingested açaí acquired from Ipixuna. All patients reported fever and initially a thick blood smear test was done to identify Trypanosoma cruzi. Benznidazole treatment was administered to all patients. Conclusions: Knowledge of the epidemiological dynamics of Chagas disease allows us to improve control and management measures for this disease.

RESUMO: O sistema hematopoiético sofre mudanças durante a gestação para atender o desenvolvimento fetal e as necessidades maternas. Este estudo comparou os parâmetros hematológicos entre ovelhas com gestação simples e gemelar durante a prenhez, parto e pós-parto. O estudo foi realizado em 60 ovelhas Dorper prenhes, saudáveis, divididas em dois grupos experimentais: Grupo 1 (G1) com gestação simples (n = 30); e Grupo 2 (G2) com gestação gemelar (n = 30). Amostras de sangue foram colhidos de todas as ovelhas em diferentes momentos: imediatamente antes da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IA); nos dias 30, 90, 120, 130 e 140 de gestação; imediatamente após o parto; e às 24h e 48h pós-parto. A análise estatística comparou os dois grupos nos diferentes momentos (P < 0,05). Anemia leve, normocítica e hipocrômica foi detectada desde a IA e ao longo da gestação, nas ovelhas de ambos os grupos, mas não houve relevância clínica. Na fase periparto (do 140º dia de gestação às 48h pós-parto), as ovelhas com gestação gemelar (G2) mostraram valores do eritrograma e proporção neutrófilos: linfócitos mais elevados do que as ovelhas com gestação simples (G1). Isso indicou maior adaptação hematopoiética da ovelha para o desenvolvimento de dois fetos. Com exceção do número de eosinófilos, todos os parâmetros do leucograma foram influenciados pela gestação de forma semelhante em ambos os grupos, e foi caracterizada principalmente por leucocitose com neutrofilia no periparto devido ao alto nível de cortisol endógeno no parto. Assim, os achados mostraram que a gestação foi um evento fisiológico estressante que aumentou a contagem de leucócitos com leve alteração no eritrograma de ovelhas Dorper.

ABSTRACT: The hematopoietic system changes during the pregnancy to carry fetal development and maternal needs. This study compared the hematological parameters between ewes with single and twin pregnancies during gestation, delivery, and postpartum. The experiment was conducted on 60 healthy pregnant Dorper ewes that were divided into two experimental groups: Group 1 (G1), with single pregnancies (n=30), and Group 2 (G2), with twin pregnancies (n=30). Blood samples were collected from all ewes at different times: immediately before fixed-time artificial insemination (AI); on day 30, 90, 120, 130, and 140 of pregnancy; immediately after delivery; and at 24h and 48h postpartum. Statistical analysis compared the two groups at different times (P<0.05). Mild, normocytic, and hypochromic anemia was detected in all ewes from AI time and throughout pregnancy from both groups, but did not prove to be of clinical relevance. In the peripartum stage (from the 140th day of pregnancy to 48h postpartum), the ewes with twin pregnancies (G2) exhibited higher erythrogram values and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio than did ewes with single pregnancies (G1). This indicated a greater hematopoietic adaptation in the body during the development of two fetuses. Except for the eosinophil numbers, all leukogram parameters were influenced by pregnancy in a similar way in both groups, and was characterized mainly by leukocytosis with neutrophilia during peripartum due to the high presence of endogenous cortisol at delivery. Thus, these findings showed that pregnancy was a stressful physiological event that increased the leukocyte count with a slight alteration in the erythrogram of Dorper ewes.

RESUMO O artigo examina as formas de contratação e designação, carreira, jornada e vencimentos do conjunto de profissionais da educação – docentes, professores coordenadores, diretores de escola, supervisores de ensino e funcionários – vinculados à Secretaria Estadual de Educação de São Paulo no período compreendido entre 1995 e 2018. Com base em ampla pesquisa documental e análise de dados estatísticos, constata-se forte adesão, nos diversos mandatos, aos valores intrínsecos à Nova Gestão Pública, que, coadunados às práticas empresariais, promoveram flexibilização nas relações de trabalho, reconfigurando o trabalho educativo e descumprindo leis nacionais, a exemplo da Lei do Piso Salarial Nacional do Magistério.

ABSTRACT The article examines forms of hiring and designation, career, working hours, and salaries of the education professionals’ group – teachers, coordinating teachers, school principals, teaching supervisors, and administration fonctionnaires – linked to the São Paulo State Department of Education in the period between 1995 to 2018. Based on extensive documentary research and analysis of statistical data, it’s possible to verify a strong adherence, in the various mandates, to the intrinsic values of the New Public Management, which, according with business practices, promoted flexibility in labor relations, reconfiguring educational, and not complying with national laws, such as the Law on the National Teaching Salary Floor.

RESUMEN El artículo examina las formas de contratación y asignación, carrera, jornada y salario del conjunto de profesionales de la educación – docentes, docentes coordinadores, directores de escuela, supervisores docentes y empleados – vinculados a la Secretaría de Educación del Estado de São Paulo en el período 1995 al 2018. A partir de una extensa investigación documental y análisis de datos estadísticos, existe un fuerte apego, en los distintos mandatos, a los valores intrínsecos a la Nueva Gestión Pública, que, en línea con las prácticas empresariales, promovieron la flexibilidad en las relaciones laborales, reconfigurando la labor educativa y no cumpliendo con las leyes nacionales, como la Ley sobre el Piso Salarial Nacional de Maestros

Abstract This study was carried out to investigate the frequency of genetic variants related to body mass index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and evaluating the potential impact of risk alleles on susceptibility to these disorders in six indigenous peoples from Brazilian Amazon region. The majority of Fst values for pairwise population comparisons among the indigenous groups are low or moderate. The indigenous people show high values of differentiation with Africans, Europeans and Southeast Asians and moderate values with East Asian and American populations, as expected. The allelic frequencies among indigenous indicate that the majority of associations observed with T2D in continental populations can be replicated in native Amazonians. The genetic risk scores calculated for T2D in indigenous are high and similar to those calculated for Americans and East Asians, while the estimates obtained for obesity are low, probably due to the low frequencies of the risk allele of the FTO gene found in our samples. ADRB3-rs4994 and ABCC8-rs1799854 genes showed a significant association with BMI and waist circumference, and the KCNJ11-rs5219 gene with hyperglycemia. These results emphasize the importance of knowing the genetic variability underlying complex genetic diseases in indigenous peoples and the search for particular or rare variants.