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This work describes a green synthesis, the characterization, and biological evaluation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The AgNPs suspension was synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Eucalyptus grandis, which presented a characteristic band at 407 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The AgNPs presented a spherical shape and size of 9.7 ± 0.3 nm. The nanoparticles were stable over a month, indicating that E. grandis’ extract is suitable for their preparation and stabilization. The X-ray analysis showed that the crystallinity of AgNPs corresponded to the centered face phase of silver. The antibacterial and leishmanicidal activities of AgNPs were evaluated. The AgNPs presented antibacterial activity on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli at 53.9 µg mL-1. The leishmanicidal activity evaluation against promastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania braziliensis showed that the biological response is dependent on the volume of AgNP suspension. It was demonstrated that L. infantum was more sensitive to the nanoparticle’s treatment than L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis. The treatment of L infantum promastigotes with 150 µL of AgNP suspension reduced parasite growth by 67.9%, a result which was similar to the treatment with 1 (66.7%) or 2 µL (70.6%) of amphotericin B used as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220126

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Data de publicação: 2022-10-11

Resumo: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

Interaction of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia on eggs of Spartocera dentiventris (Berg) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) under laboratory conditions
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Ferraz, C. M.

; Soares, F. E. F.

; Senna, C. C.

; Silva, L. P. C.

; Araújo, J. V.

; Moreira, T. F.

; Monteiro, F. C.

; Braga, F. R.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Dez 2021, Volume 81 Nº 4 Páginas 1122 - 1124

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.231550 340 downloads

Genetics of Parkinson’s disease in Brazil: a systematic review of monogenic forms
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Santos-Lobato, Bruno L.

; Schumacher-Schuh, Artur

; Mata, Ignacio F.

; Letro, Grace H.

; Braga-Neto, Pedro

; Brandão, Pedro R. P.

; Godeiro-Junior, Clécio O.

; Coletta, Marcus V. Della

; Camargos, Sarah T.

; Borges, Vanderci

; Rieder, Carlos R. M.

; Tumas, Vitor

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Jul 2021, Volume 79 Nº 7 Páginas 612 - 623

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: Um número crescente de mutações causando formas monogênicas de doença de Parkinson (DP) tem sido descrito, principalmente entre pacientes da Europa e da América do Norte. Como a arquitetura genética varia entre diferentes populações, entender os perfis genéticos específicos de pacientes brasileiros é essencial para um melhor aconselhamento genético e para a seleção de participantes para ensaios clínicos. Objetivo: Revisão sistemática para identificar estudos genéticos brasileiros na área e definir o cenário para estudos futuros das formas monogênicas de DP no Brasil. Métodos: Nós pesquisamos as bases de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE e Web of Science desde a criação até dezembro de 2019, usando termos para “Parkinson’s disease”, “genetics” e “Brazil”. A extração de dados foi feita por dois revisores independentes. Para os genes LRRK2 e PRKN, calculamos a prevalência estimada para cada estudo e realizamos uma meta-análise. Resultados: Um total de 32 estudos foram incluídos e 94 pacientes brasileiros com DP com mutações causativas foram identificados em 2872 pacientes avaliados (3.2%). As mutações no PRKN causaram DP em 48 de 576 pacientes (8.3%). As mutações no LRRK2 foram identificadas em 40 de 1566 pacientes (2.5%), sendo a mutação mais comum a p.G2019S (2.2%). Conclusões: As mutações na PRKN são a causa mais comum de DP autossômica recessiva, e as mutações no LRRK2 a causa mais comum de DP autossômica dominante. Nós observamos uma falta de estudos epidemiológicos robustos em genética de DP, especialmente por não levar em conta a diversidade de nossa população.

ABSTRACT Background: Increasing numbers of mutations causing monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been described, mostly among patients in Europe and North America. Since genetic architecture varies between different populations, studying the specific genetic profile of Brazilian patients is essential for improving genetic counseling and for selecting patients for clinical trials. Objective: We conducted a systematic review to identify genetic studies on Brazilian patients and to set a background for future studies on monogenic forms of PD in Brazil. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science from inception to December 2019 using terms for "Parkinson's disease", "genetics" and "Brazil". Two independent reviewers extracted the data. For the genes LRRK2 and PRKN, the estimated prevalence was calculated for each study, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of 32 studies were included, comprising 94 Brazilian patients with PD with a causative mutation, identified from among 2,872 screened patients (3.2%). PRKN mutations were causative of PD in 48 patients out of 576 (8.3%). LRRK2 mutations were identified in 40 out of 1,556 patients (2.5%), and p.G2019S was the most common mutation (2.2%). Conclusions: PRKN is the most common autosomal recessive cause of PD, and LRRK2 is the most common autosomal dominant form. We observed that there was a lack of robust epidemiological studies on PD genetics in Brazil and, especially, that the diversity of Brazil’s population had not been considered.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0409 282 downloads

Molecular analysis reveals high diversity in the Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) species complex from different Amazonian localities
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FERREIRA, Alex M. V.

; RIBEIRO, Leila Braga

; FELDBERG, Eliana

Acta Amazonica

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Jun 2021, Volume 51 Nº 2 Páginas 139 - 144

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O DNA barcoding propõe que um fragmento de DNA possa servir para identificar espécies. Em peixes, um fragmento do gene COI tem se mostrado eficaz em muitos estudos com focos diferentes. Nós usamos essa ferramenta molecular para fornecer novas informações sobre a diversidade críptica encontrada no complexo de espécies Hoplias malabaricus. Popularmente conhecida como traíra, H. malabaricus tem uma ampla distribuição na América do Sul. Esse clado mostra diversidade molecular e citogenética, e vários estudos dão suporte à ocorrência de um complexo de espécies. Realizamos análises molecular e cariotípica em indivíduos de H. malabaricus de oito localidades amazônicas, para acessar a diversidade no taxon nominal e elucidar as relações nesse grupo. Usamos 12 amostras em análises citogenéticas e encontramos dois cariomorfos: 2n = 40 (20m + 20sm) (cariomorfo C) e 2n = 42 (22m + 20sm) (cariomorfo A). Usamos 19 amostras em análise molecular, utilizando COI como marcador molecular, análises de máxima verossimilhança e o modelo evolutivo de Kimura-2-parâmetros com estimativa de bootstrap. Encontramos diferenciação relacionada aos cariomorfos com bootstrap de 100%. No entanto, encontramos alta diversidade molecular no cariomorfo C. O padrão observado nos permitiu inferir a presença de diversidade oculta, reforçando a existência de um complexo de espécies.

ABSTRACT DNA barcoding proposes that a fragment of DNA can be used to identify species. In fish, a fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) has been effective in many studies with different foci. Here we use this molecular tool to provide new insights into the cryptic diversity found in the Hoplias malabaricus species complex. Popularly known as trahira, H. malabaricus is widely distributed in South America. The clade shows molecular and cytogenetic diversity, and several studies have supported the occurrence of a complex of species. We performed molecular and karyotypic analysis of H. malabaricus individuals from eight Amazonian localities to assess the diversity present in the nominal taxon, and to clarify relationships within this group. We used 12 samples in cytogenetic analyses and found two karyomorphs: 2n = 40 (20m + 20sm) (karyomorph C) and 2n = 42 (22m + 20sm) (karyomorph A). We used 19 samples in molecular analyses with COI as a molecular marker, maximum likelihood analyses, and the Kimura-2-parameter evolutionary model with bootstrap support. We found karyomorph-related differentiation with bootstrap of 100%. However, we found high molecular diversity within karyomorph C. The observed pattern allowed us to infer the presence of cryptic diversity, reinforcing the existence of a species complex.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202001652 354 downloads

Automated Framework for Developing Predictive Machine Learning Models for Data-Driven Drug Discovery
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Neves, Bruno J.

; Moreira-Filho, José T.

; Silva, Arthur C.

; Borba, Joyce V. V. B.

; Mottin, Melina

; Alves, Vinicius M.

; Braga, Rodolpho C.

; Muratov, Eugene N.

; Andrade, Carolina H.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2021, Volume 32 Nº 1 Páginas 110 - 122

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The increasing availability of extensive collections of chemical compounds associated with experimental data provides an opportunity to build predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models using machine learning (ML) algorithms. These models can promote data-driven decisions and have the potential to speed up the drug discovery process and reduce their failure rates. However, many essential aspects of data preparation and modeling are not available in any standalone program. Here, we developed an automated framework for the curation of chemogenomics data and to develop QSAR models for virtual screening using the open-source KoNstanz Information MinEr (KNIME) program. The workflow includes four modules: (i) dataset preparation and curation; (ii) chemical space analysis and structure-activity relationships (SAR) rules; (iii) modeling; and (iv) virtual screening (VS). As case studies, we applied these workflows to four datasets associated with different endpoints. The implemented protocol can efficiently curate chemical and biological data in public databases and generates robust QSAR models. We provide scientists a simple and guided cheminformatics workbench following the best practices widely accepted by the community, in which scientists can adapt to solve their research problems. The workflows are freely available for download at GitHub and LabMol web portals.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200160 499 downloads

Reusable Heterogeneous SnO2/ZnO Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Acidified/Acid Oils
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Dall’Oglio, Daiane F.

; Garcia, Marco A. S.

; Fiorio, Jhonatan L.

; Abreu, Wiury C. de

; Pereira, Laise N. S.

; Braga, Adriano

; Moura, Edmilson M. de

; Guldhe, Abhishek

; Bux, Faizal

; Moura, Carla V. R. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2021, Volume 32 Nº 1 Páginas 182 - 193

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A catalyst comprised of SnO2 impregnated on ZnO nanowires, which presented remarkable ability to catalyze fatty acid esterification/transesterification reactions, is reported. For optimization of reaction conditions, artificially acidified soybean oil with 10 wt.% oleic acid was used as a model feed. The optimized conditions were: 150 °C, 6 h, 5 g of oil, catalyst concentration of 5%, and methanol:oil molar ratio of 15:1. The catalyst achieved 92% of total fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) content and was used five times without the necessity of catalyst washing from one reaction to the other. Then, such conditions were applied to produce biodiesel from the oil extracted from Scenedesmus sp. microalgae; the system reached 72% of FAME content, without any previous refining or degumming process of the oil. Rietveld refinement, X-ray diffraction, elemental mapping in scanning transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and pyridine-desorption Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the material.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200167 355 downloads

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NEW Cu (II), Co (II) AND Sn (II) COMPLEXES WITH THE SODIUM HYDROTRIS(2-MERCAPTOTHIAZOLYL)BORATE LIGAND
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Ferreira, Lorena S.

; Andrade, Jéssica T.

; Lima, William G.

; Souza, Juliano de P.

; Chagas, Rafael C. R.

; Leonel, Camyla A.

; Cunha, Laís C.

; Herrera, Karina M. S.

; Braga, Alysson V.

; Soares, Luís F.

; Ferreira, Jaqueline M. S.

Química Nova

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Mai 2020, Volume 43 Nº 5 Páginas 593 - 598

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The emergence of antibiotic resistance among microbial pathogens is a serious public health problem, resulting in a constant need of discovering new antibiotics. For this purpose, we synthetized and determined the antimicrobial activity of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and tin (Sn) complexes coordinated with scorpionate ligand in a tridentate mode against microorganisms of clinical importance. New complexes with the sodium hydrotris(2-mercaptothiazolyl)borate ligand were characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques (UV-vis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR). Moreover, their antimicrobial activity was evaluated using microdilution broth method. Cytotoxicity was determined in Vero cells and the selectivity index (SI) was calculated. The coordination with metals increased the ligand antimicrobial activity, which showed no activity when evaluated alone (MIC>1,080 µM). Cu-complex (1) had activity against Candida albicans and C. krusei, with MICs of 130 and 66 µM, respectively. The compounds had low toxicity on Vero cells and chemo-informatics assays corroborated a low systemic toxic effect. The SI revealed that the compound 1 was 16 times more selective for C. krusei and 8 times more selective for C. albicans in relation to Vero cells. The Cu-complex stands out as a potential prototype for the development of new antifungal agents.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170526 492 downloads

3ª Diretriz Brasileira de Transplante Cardíaco
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Bacal, Fernando

; Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.

; Rohde, Luis Eduardo Paim

; Xavier Júnior, José Leudo

; Brito, Flávio de Souza

; Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski

; Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano

; Lavagnoli, Carlos Fernando Ramos

; Gelape, Cláudio Leo

; Almeida, Dirceu Rodrigues

; Gaiotto, Fábio Antônio

; Atik, Fernando Antibas

; Figueira, Fernando Augusto M. S.

; Souza, Germano Emílio Conceição

; Rodrigues, Hélcio

; Campos, Iáscara Wozniak

; Souza Neto, João David de

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Gasparetto, Juliano

; Goldraich, Lívia Adams

; Benvenuti, Luiz Alberto

; Seguro, Luis Fernando B. C.

; Ulhôa Júnior, Marcelo Botelho

; Moreira, Maria da Consolação V.

; Ávila, Mônica Samuel

; Carneiro, Rodrigo

; Mangini, Sandrigo

; Ferreira, Sílvia Moreira Ayub

; Strabelli, Tânia Mara

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Ago 2018, Volume 111 Nº 2 Páginas 230 - 289

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20180153 28659 downloads

10.

Lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) peel flour: effects on hepatoprotection and dyslipidemia induced by a hypercholesterolemic diet
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QUEIROZ, ESTELA R.

; ABREU, CELESTE M.P. DE

; ROCHA, DENISE A.

; SOUSA, RAIMUNDO V. DE

; FRÁGUAS, RODRIGO M.

; BRAGA, MARIANA A.

; CÉSAR, PEDRO H.S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Mar 2018, Volume 90 Nº 1 Páginas 267 - 281

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Dyslipidemias are associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, hypertension and hepatic steatosis, being the cause of morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the effects of lychee peel flour (PF) on serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triacylglycerols (TAG) and various parameters related to obesity, in rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Therefore, 20 male rats were used. In the first 21 days, the animals were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet, except for control group. In the following 21 days, their diets were modified, and they received a standard diet (Control); hypercholesterolemic (Hyper); hypercholesterolemic + 5% PF (PF5) and hypercholesterolemic + 10% PF (PF10). The results revealed that PF intake attenuated weight gain, reduced body mass index, glucose and the levels of TAG, TC, LDL-c, hepatic enzymes and leptin, besides the percentage of hepatic lipids, liver lipid peroxidation and frequency of severe steatosis. Histological studies of the aorta did not show the formation of the atheromatous plaque. These results reinforce its potential to reduce the risk of diseases associated with obesity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720150638 2175 downloads

11.

Correlations between caregiver psychiatric symptoms and offspring psychopathology in a low-resource setting
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Matsuzaka, Camila T.

; Wainberg, Milton L.

; Norcini Pala, Andrea

; Hoffmann, Elis V.

; Coimbra, Bruno M.

; Braga, Rosaly F.

; Duarte, Cristiane S.

; Sweetland, Annika C.

; Mello, Marcelo F.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Jan 2018, Volume 40 Nº 1 Páginas 56 - 62

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: Associations between parental/caregiver depression and adverse child outcomes are well established and have been described through one or more mechanisms: child psychopathology following exposure to a depressed caregiver, child psychopathology exacerbating a caregiver’s depression, and caregiver and offspring depression sharing the same etiology. Data from low and middle-income countries is scarce. We examined correlations between common symptoms of mental disorders in caregivers and their offspring’s psychopathology in a Brazilian sample. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, adult caregivers were screened for depression during routine home visits by community health workers as part of the Brazilian Family Health Strategy. Caregivers with suspected depression were assessed using the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Children’s symptoms were evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: The sample included 68 primary caregivers and 110 children aged 6 to 15 years. Higher caregiver scores on the SRQ-20 correlated significantly with psychiatric symptoms in offspring. Conclusion: These results substantiate our hypothesis that child psychopathology correlates with caregivers’ psychiatric symptoms. This paper adds to the growing literature on community mental health assessment and can help guide future strategies for reducing the burden of common mental disorders in caregivers and children alike in low and middle-income countries.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1990 1035 downloads

12.

Effects of bark flour of Passiflora edulis on food intake, body weight and behavioral response of rats
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Figueiredo, Dandara A.F.

; Pordeus, Liana C.M.

; Paulo, Luciano L.

; Braga, Renan M.

; Fonsêca, Diogo V.

; Sousa, Bruno S.

; Costa, Maria J.C.

; Gonçalves, Maria C.R.

; Oliveira, Klébya H.D.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Out 2016, Volume 26 Nº 5 Páginas 595 - 600

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Effects of treatment with the bark flour of Passiflora edulis Sims, Passifloraceae, were evaluated. Adult male Wistar rats were treated for 30 days (130 mg/kg, p.o.) with the albedo flour, flavedo and full bark of P. edulis, corresponding to albedo associated with flavedo. Behavioral response observed after treatment with bark flour P. edulis showed sedative effects by the reduction of exploratory activity and increased duration of immobility in the open field test for the group of animals that received the albedo flour associated with the flavedo. Sedative effects were observed in the absence of motor incoordination or muscle relaxation. Food intake of experimental animals was not changed, but the weight gain was decreased both in animals that received only albedo flour, and in those who received the full bark flour. The full bark flour of Passiflora showed sedative effects, without anxiolytic effect detectable and muscle relaxation or motor incoordination, and reduces body weight gain.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.02.010 1193 downloads

13.

MOLECULAR VALIDATED MODEL FOR ADSORPTION OF PROTONATED DYE ON LDH
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Braga, B. M.

; Gonçalves, D. V.

; Paiva, M. A. G.

; Lucena, S. M. P.

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering

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Mar 2016, Volume 33 Nº 1 Páginas 235 - 241

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Hydrotalcite-like compounds are anionic clays of scientific and technological interest for their use as ion exchange materials, catalysts and modified electrodes. Surface phenomenon are important for all these applications. Although conventional analytical methods have enabled progress in understanding the behavior of anionic clays in solution, an evaluation at the atomic scale of the dynamics of their ionic interactions has never been performed. Molecular simulation has become an extremely useful tool to provide this perspective. Our purpose is to validate a simplified model for the adsorption of 5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-benzenesulfonic acid (MBSA), a prototype molecule of anionic dyes, onto a hydrotalcite surface. Monte Carlo simulations were performed in the canonical ensemble with MBSA ions and a pore model of hydrotalcite using UFF and ClayFF force fields. The proposed molecular model has allowed us to reproduce experimental data of atomic force microscopy. Influences of protonation during the adsorption process are also presented.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20160331s00003451 2434 downloads

14.

Adsorção de Cu 2+ e Cr 3+ em efluentes líquidos utilizando a cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar
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Ferreira, P. P. L.

; Braga, R. M.

; Teodoro, N. M. A.

; Melo, V. R. M.

; Melo, D. M. A.

; Melo, M. A. F.

Cerâmica

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Dez 2015, Volume 61 Nº 360 Páginas 435 - 441

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os efluentes líquidos de algumas indústrias apresentam traços de metais nocivos que possuem propriedade bioacumulativa, o que contribui para o aumento de sua toxicidade. Tendo em vista o crescimento industrial, e o consequente aumento de emissões de contaminantes em efluentes líquidos, a adsorção está entre as operações aplicadas para diminuir as concentrações dos metais a fim de atender a regulamentação ambiental vigente. A biomassa residual vem ganhando destaque no tratamento desses efluentes por se um material renovável e de baixo custo, quando comparado com os adsorventes convencionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a eficiência da cinza do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar (CBC) na adsorção dos íons metálicos Cu2+ e Cr3+ por meio de ensaios de isoterma de adsorção. A CBC foi caracterizada quanto a sua microestrutura, composição química, área de superfície específica e morfologia, e o adsorbato foi analisado por absorção atômica de chama. A CBC apresentou-se de maneira eficaz como um bioadsorvente para ambas as soluções sintéticas, contendo os íons Cu2+ e Cr3+, presentes nos efluentes líquidos. As isotermas de adsorção apresentaram um perfil crescente, indicando a eficiência na remoção média de 97,3% para o Cr3+ e 96,4% para o Cu2+, podendo este material ser aplicado como adsorvente em efluentes industriais.

Abstract The liquid effluents of some industries have traces of harmful metals having bioaccumulative property, which contributes to the increase in their toxicity. Given the industrial growth, and the consequent increase in contaminant emissions in wastewater, the adsorption is among the operations applied to decrease the concentrations of metals in order to meet current environmental regulations. The residual biomass has been gaining attention in the treatment of these effluents by a renewable material and cost as compared with conventional adsorbents. The present work aims to evaluate the ashes of the efficiency of sugarcane bagasse (CBC) on the adsorption of metal ions Cu2+ and Cr3+, through isotherm adsorption tests. The CBC was characterized regarding its microstructure, chemical composition, specific surface area and morphology, and the adsorbate was analyzed by flame atomic absorption. The CBC has performed effectively as a bioadsorbent for both synthetic solutions containing Cu2+ and Cr3+ ions present in liquid effluents. The isotherms adsorption showed a growing profile, indicating the average removal efficiency of 97.3% to 96.4% Cr3+, and Cu2+ to, this material can be applied as an adsorbent in industrial effluents.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132015613601945 3954 downloads

15.

APPLICATION HEIGHT IN HERBICIDES EFFICIENCY IN BEAN CROPS
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PEREIRA, G. A. M.

; BARCELLOS JR, L. H.

; SILVA, D. V.

; BRAGA, R. R.

; TEIXEIRA, M. M.

; SILVA, A. A.

; RIBEIRO JR, J.I.

Planta Daninha

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Set 2015, Volume 33 Nº 3 Páginas 607 - 614

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMOAplicações de herbicidas de forma inadequada podem resultar em falhas no controle das plantas daninhas e/ou intoxicação da cultura, ocasionando em perda de produtividade. Nesta pesquisa foram avaliados os efeitos da altura da barra porta-bicos na distribuição da calda para o controle de plantas daninhas, influenciando a intoxicação do feijoeiro e a produtividade da cultura. Foram realizados experimentos em condições de laboratório e de campo. Em laboratório, avaliou-se o desempenho das pontas de pulverização TT 11002 de jato plano nas alturas de 0,20, 0,30, 0,40 e 0,50 m, em relação à superfície do alvo. No campo, as mesmas alturas foram avaliadas nas aplicações dos herbicidas fomesafen, fluazifop-p-butil e fomesafen + fluazifop-p-butil. Observou-se relação inversa entre a altura da barra e o coeficiente de variação dos perfis. Melhor eficiência da mistura em tanque de fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen foi obtida com altura de 0,50 m do alvo. Este tratamento resultou em melhor controle das plantas daninhas, menor intoxicação do feijoeiro e melhores índices produtivos da cultura.

ABSTRACTInadequate herbicide application can result in failures in weed control and/or poisoning of the crops, resulting in yield losses. In this research were assessed the effects of the sprayer nozzle boom height in the distribution of the spray solution for weed control, influencing intoxication of beans and crop yield. Experiments were conducted in laboratory and field conditions. In laboratory, the performance of flat spray tip TT 11002 was assessed at heights 0.20, 0.30, 0.40 and 0.50 meters with respect to the target surface. In the field the same heights were assessed in applications of herbicides fomesafen, fluazifop-P-butyl and fomesafen + fluazifop-P-butyl. There was an inverse relationship between the height of the spray boom and the coefficients of variation of the patterns. The mixture better efficiency in a tank of fluazifop-P-butyl + fomesafen was obtained with the height of 0.50 m from the target. This treatment resulted in better weed control, lower poisoning of the bean plants and better crop yield rates.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582015000300023 1521 downloads

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