Resumo A micose fungóide foliculotrópica (MFF) representa 10% dos casos de micose fungóide e, apesar das lesões supraciliares e alopecia serem características, os achados tricoscópicos destes doentes não se encontram bem definidos. Apresentamos o caso de um homem de 50 anos com MFF estádio IB, com múltiplas manchas e placas eritematosas com escama branco-acinzentada fina, madarose e alopecia multilocular do couro cabeludo. A triscoscopia revelou uma diminuição das unidades pilossebáceas, aberturas foliculares dilatadas, pontos negros e ainda cabelos velos e cabelos distróficos. A avaliação do couro cabeludo demonstrou escama esbranquiçada difusa e áreas com vasos punctiformes e vasos semelhantes a espermatozóides. A revisão da literatura mostrou que as aberturas foliculares dilatadas, pontos negros e a escama são achados relativamente incomuns e que os cabelos distróficos são mais comuns nas formas avançadas de MFF. No futuro, a tricoscopia poderá guiar o diagnóstico diferencial e definir o limiar de biópsia destes doentes.

Abstract Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF) represents 10% of all mycosis fungoides cases and even though supraciliary lesions and alopecia are characteristic, there are few published papers documenting trichoscopic findings in these patients. We report the case of a 50-year-old man who presented to our department with FMF stage IB. Clinical findings included disseminated erythematous patches and plaques with a fine white-grayish scale, madarosis, and multifocal patchy alopecia of the scalp. Trichoscopy revealed a decreased number of pilosebaceous units, dilated follicular openings, black dots, vellus, and dystrophic hairs. Examination of the scalp presented widespread white scaling and areas with dotted and spermatozoa-like vessels. A revision of the literature showed that dilated follicular openings, black dots, and scale were less frequent findings in FMF, and dystrophic hairs were more common in advanced FMF. In the future, trichoscopic evaluation might guide differential diagnosis and define the threshold to biopsy lesions to identify early disease.

Resumo Objetivo: O herpes genital (HG) é uma das infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) mais comuns. As infeções genitais pelo vírus herpes simples tipo 1 (HSV-1) têm aumentado, com uma mudança no sentido da sua predominância em muitos países desenvolvidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a população com HG diagnosticada no Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal. Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise retrospetiva dos diagnósticos de HG confirmados laboratorialmente entre 2017 e 2021. O diagnóstico foi estabelecido por PCR em tempo real, em amostras colhidas por zaragatoa de lesões mucocutâneas suspeitas. Foram revistos os registos clínicos dos doentes incluídos e analisados os dados de interesse. Resultados: No período de estudo, 239 doentes foram diagnosticados com HG, dos quais 76.6% (n = 183) foram causados pelo HSV tipo 2 (HSV-2). A maioria dos doentes eram do sexo masculino (68%; n = 163), com idade média de 35.7 anos. Em comparação com o grupo diagnosticado com HSV-2, a idade média foi significativamente menor no grupo HSV-1 (28.6 anos vs. 37.9; p < 0.001) e a proporção de doentes com manifestação clínica inicial de HG foi significativamente maior neste último (67.8% vs. 30%; p < 0.001). A infeção concomitante pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana foi detetada em 17.6% dos indivíduos, sendo significativamente mais prevalente entre homens e no grupo HSV-2 (p = 0.018). Conclusões: O HSV-2 foi a causa mais comum de HG durante todo o estudo. Ainda assim, à semelhança de outros estudos europeus, os doentes com HSV-1 eram mais jovens e a proporção de infeção inicial neste grupo foi significativamente maior.

Abstract Objective: Genital herpes (GH) is one of the most common sexual transmitted infections. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genital infections have been increasing, with a shift toward its predominance in many developed countries. The aim of this study was to characterize the population with GH diagnosed in Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisbon, Portugal. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of GH between 2017 and 2021 was conducted. The diagnosis was established by real-time polymerase chain reaction, in samples collected by swabbing suspicious mucocutaneous lesions. Medical records of included patients were reviewed and data of interest analyzed. Results: During the studied period, a total of 239 patients were diagnosed with GH, from which 76.6% (n = 183) were caused by HSV type 2 (HSV-2). Most patients were men (68%; n = 163), with a mean age of 35.7 years. Compared to the group diagnosed with HSV-2, the mean age was significantly lower in the HSV-1 group (28.6 years vs. 37.9; p < 0.001) and the proportion of patients with first clinical manifestations of GH was significantly higher in the latest (67.8% vs. 30%; p < 0.001). Concomitant infection with human immunodeficiency virus was detected in 17.6% of the subjects, being significantly more prevalent among men and within the HSV-2 group (p = 0.018). Conclusions: HSV-2 remained the most common cause of GH throughout the study. Even so, similar to other European studies, HSV-1 patients were younger and the proportion of initial infection in this group was significantly higher.

Abstract Disorders of gastrointestinal motility are the major physiologic problem in chagasic megacolon. The contraction mechanism is complex and controlled by different cell types such as enteric neurons, smooth muscle, telocytes, and an important pacemaker of the intestine, the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs). The role of ICCs in the progression of acute and chronic Chagas disease remains unclear. In the present work, we investigate the aspects of ICCs in a long-term model of Chagas disease that mimics the pathological aspects of human megacolon. Different subsets of ICCs isolated from Auerbach’s myenteric plexuses and muscle layers of control and Trypanosoma cruzi infected animals were determined by analysis of CD117, CD44, and CD34 expression by flow cytometer. Compared with the respective controls, the results showed a reduced frequency of mature ICCs in the acute phase and three months after infection. These results demonstrate for the first time the phenotypic distribution of ICCs associated with functional dysfunction in a murine model of chagasic megacolon. This murine model proved valuable for studying the profile of ICCs as an integrative system in the gut and as a platform for understanding the mechanism of chagasic megacolon development. neurons telocytes intestine ICCs. . (ICCs) unclear work longterm long term Auerbachs Auerbach s CD117 CD CD44 CD3 cytometer controls infection development (ICCs CD11 CD4 CD1

O crescente número de pessoas com demência coloca novos desafios às instituições de terceira idade e aos cuidadores formais. Cuidar de idosos demenciados está pois associado a elevados níveis de stress e insatisfação laboral, devido à grande dependência e frequentes distúrbios comportamentais que acompanham a doença. Este estudo visa identificar as competências, necessidades e dificuldades que advêm da prestação formal de cuidados a pessoas com demência. Foram realizadas duas entrevistas de focus group a 15 cuidadores formais de uma Instituição na região central de Portugal (Aveiro). Os resultados obtidos sugerem a necessidade de desenvolver programas integrados em instituições e destacam conteúdos que podem ser utilizados na melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados prestados aos utentes e no bem-estar dos idosos e dos seus cuidadores.

The growing number of people with dementia brings new challenges to institutions and formal caregivers. Caring for elderly with dementia is associated with high levels of stress and work dissatisfaction, due to the high dependency and behavioural disorders that often accompany the disease. This study aims to identify the skills, needs and difficulties that arise from the formal care of the elderly with dementia. Two focus group interviews with 15 formal caregivers were carried out in an institution in the central region of Portugal (Aveiro). The results suggest the need to develop integrated programs in institutions and highlight contents that may be used to improve the quality of care provided and to promote patients and caregivers’ well-being.