Resumen El uso de abonos orgánicos en sistemas de fertilización integrada es una alternativa para la recuperación de la fertilidad de los suelos y elevar la productividad de los cultivos. El objetivo fue determinar la contribución de fertilizantes sintéticos y orgánicos, así como del CO2 producido durante el compostaje, en el crecimiento de las plantas y el rendimiento de chile jalapeño cultivado en mini-túnel. Se usó un diseño de bloques al azar con ocho tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Las variables evaluadas fueron: concentración de CO2 en el aire interno del mini-túnel; altura de planta; diámetro de tallo; verdor foliar; peso seco de raíces, tallos, hojas y total por planta; rendimiento de frutos, total y de calibres comerciales. Los tratamientos con fertilizantes sintéticos + lombricomposta + CO2 de compostaje (T1), lombricomposta + CO2 de compostaje (T5), fertilizantes sintéticos + CO2 de compostaje (T3), y CO2 de compostaje (T7), incrementaron la concentración de dióxido de carbono dentro de los mini-túneles en 142, 113.8, 78.9 y 66.6%, respectivamente, comparados con el testigo positivo (T4), en el cual solo se usó fertilizantes sintéticos (378.6 ppm). T1, T2 (fertilizantes sintéticos + lombricomposta) y T3, aumentaron el peso seco de planta en 51.2, 31.1 y 8.4%, y en 50, 24 y 12.1%el rendimiento total, en comparación con las mismas variables obtenidas en T4: 104.4 g planta−1 y 41.2 t ha-1, respectivamente. La producción de chile jalapeño mejoró significativamente con la adición de lombricomposta y/o CO2 de compostaje a la fertilización convencional sintética.
Abstract The use of organic fertilizers in integrated fertilization systems is an alternative to recover soil fertility and increase crop productivity. The objective was to determine the contribution of synthetic and organic fertilizers, as well as theCO2 produced during composting, on plant growth and yield of jalapeño peppersgrown in mini-tunnels. A randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications was used. The variables evaluated were: CO2 concentration in the internal air of the mini-tunnel; plant height; stem diameter; leaf greenness; dry weight of roots, stems, leaves and total per plant; fruit yield, total and comercial sizes. Treatments with synthetic fertilizers + vermicompost + CO2 from composting (T1), vermicompost + CO2 from composting (T5), synthetic fertilizers + CO2 from composting (T3), and CO2 from composting (T7), increased the concentration of carbon dioxide within of the mini-tunnels in 142, 113.8, 78.9 and 66.6%, respectively, compared to the positive control (T4), in which only synthetic fertilizers (378.6 ppm) were used. The variables evaluated were: CO2 concentration in the internal air of the mini-tunnel; plant height; stem diameter; leaf greenness; dry weight of roots, stems, leaves and total per plant; fruit yield, total and comercial sizes. Treatments with synthetic fertilizers + vermicompost + CO2 from composting (T1), vermicompost + CO2 from composting (T5), synthetic fertilizers + CO2 from composting (T3), and CO2 from composting (T7), increased the concentration of carbon dioxide within of the mini-tunnels in 142, 113.8, 78.9 and 66.6%, respectively compared to the positive control (T4), in which only synthetic fertilizers (378.6 ppm) were used. T1, T2 (synthetic fertilizers + vermicompost) and T3 increased the dry weight of the plant by 51.2, 31.1 and 8.4%, and the total yield by 50, 24 and 12.1%, compared to the same variables obtained in T4: 104.4 g plant -1 and 41.2 t ha-1 , respectively. Jalapeño pepper production was significantly improved withthe addition of vermicompost and/or CO2 from composting to conventional synthetic fertilization.