Resumen El objetivo de este estudio es verificar la asociación entre bullying escolar y conductas de riesgo para la salud y la calidad de vida en niños y niñas adolescentes de la ciudad de Maringá, Paraná. Participó del estudio una muestra representativa de 1.020 adolescentes. El bullying, las conductas de riesgo para la salud, la calidad de vida percibida y la situación económica se evaluaron mediante cuestionarios autoinformados. Los odds ratios con intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) se obtuvieron mediante regresión logística binaria y regresión logística ordinal, cruda y ajustada, adoptando p<0,05. Los niños acosadores tenían 2,2 (IC95%=1,4-3,4) y 2,0 (IC95%=1,2-3,2) veces más probabilidades de consumir alcohol y realizar actividad física que los niños que no acosaban. Las niñas que practicaban bullying tuvieron 2,1 (IC95%=1,3-3,5), 3,6 (IC95%=1,3-10,1), 1,8 (IC95%=1,1-2,9) y 2,7 (IC95%=1,1-6,3) veces más probabilidades de fumar, consumir drogas ilícitas, tener adicción a los teléfonos inteligentes y tener peor calidad de sueño, además de tener un 60% más probabilidades de tener una peor percepción de calidad de vida, respectivamente, en comparación con las niñas no practicantes. El bullying escolar puede estar asociado con conductas de riesgo para la salud tanto de niños como de niñas y una peor calidad de vida para las niñas.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a associação da prática de bullying com comportamentos de risco à saúde e qualidade de vida, em meninos e meninas adolescentes, da cidade de Maringá, Paraná. Uma amostra representativa de 1.020 adolescentes participou do estudo. O bullying, os comportamentos de risco à saúde, a percepção de qualidade de vida e a condição econômica foram avaliados por questionários autorreportados. Razões de chances com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram obtidas por meio da regressão logística binária e regressão logística ordinal, bruta e ajustada, adotando-se p<0,05. Os meninos praticantes de bullying tiveram 2,2 (IC95%=1,4-3,4) e 2,0 (IC95%=1,2-3,2) vezes mais chance de consumir álcool e de realizar atividade física do que meninos que não praticam bullying. Meninas praticantes de bullying tiveram 2,1 (IC95%=1,3-3,5), 3,6 (IC95%=1,3-10,1), 1,8 (IC95%= 1,1-2,9) e 2,7 (IC95%=1,1-6,3) vezes mais chance de fumar, usar drogas ilícitas, ter vício em smartphone e ter uma pior qualidade do sono, além de possuir 60% mais chance de ter uma pior percepção de qualidade de vida, respectivamente, em comparação com meninas não praticantes. Ser praticante de bullying pode estar associado a comportamentos de risco à saúde, tanto para os meninos quanto para as meninas.

Abstract This study assessed the practice of bullying, health risk behavior and quality of life in adolescent boys and girls from the city of Maringá, Paraná. A representative sample of 1,020 adolescents participated in the study to assess the association between bullying, health-risk behavior, and quality of life factors through self-reported questionnaires. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained using both crude and adjusted binary and ordinal logistic regression, with a significance level of p<0.05. Male bullying perpetrators were 2.2 (95%CI=1.4-3.4) and 2.0 (95%CI=1.2-3.2) times more likely to consume alcohol and engage in physical activity compared to non-bullying males. Female bullying perpetrators were 2.1 (95%CI=1.3-3.5), 3.6 (95%CI=1.3-10.1), 1.8 (95%CI=1.1-2.9), and 2.7 (95%CI=1.1-6.3) times more likely to smoke, use illicit drugs, be addicted to smartphones, and have poorer sleep quality. These girls also had a 60% higher chance of having a worse perception of quality of life, respectively, compared to non-bullying females. The conclusion drawn is that bullying may be associated with health risk behaviors for both boys and girls.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between bullying victimization and health risk behaviors in adolescents. Methods: A representative sample of 1020 adolescents participated in the study. The variables such as bullying, health risk behaviors (tobacco, drugs, alcohol, sedentary behavior, smartphone use, level of physical activity, and sleep), and economic status were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were obtained using binary logistic regression and ordinal, gross, and adjusted logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: Victims of bullying were more likely to smoke (OR 1.75; 95%CI 1.28–2.40), consume alcohol (OR1.43; 95%CI 1.05–1.94), have worse sleep quality (OR 1.94; 95%CI 1.28–2.91), and more sedentary behavior (OR 1.43; 95%CI 1.08–1.89) than those who were not bullied. However, victims were more likely to have high levels of physical activity than their non-bullied peers (OR 1.66; 95%CI 1.22–2.27). Conclusions: Bullying victimization was associated with an increased predisposition for the adoption of health risk behaviors. Interestingly, victims were also more prone to participate in physical activity. Objective Methods 102 tobacco, tobacco (tobacco drugs use sleep, , sleep) selfreported self reported questionnaires 95 95CI CI (95%CI ordinal gross p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) Results OR 1.75 175 1 75 1.28–2.40, 128240 1.28–2.40 28 2 40 1.28–2.40) OR1.43 OR143 OR1 43 (OR1.43 1.05–1.94, 105194 1.05–1.94 94 1.05–1.94) 1.94 194 1.28–2.91, 128291 1.28–2.91 91 1.28–2.91) 1.43 143 1.08–1.89 108189 08 89 bullied However nonbullied non 1.66 166 66 1.22–2.27. 122227 1.22–2.27 22 27 1.22–2.27) Conclusions Interestingly 10 9 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 1.7 17 7 12824 1.28–2.4 4 OR1.4 OR14 (OR1.4 10519 1.05–1.9 1.9 19 12829 1.28–2.9 1.4 14 1.08–1.8 10818 8 1.6 16 6 12222 1.22–2.2 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 1. 1282 1.28–2. OR1. (OR1. 1051 1.05–1. 1.08–1. 1081 1222 1.22–2. p<0 (p<0. 128 1.28–2 (OR1 105 1.05–1 1.08–1 108 122 1.22–2 p< (p<0 12 1.28– 1.05– 1.08– 1.22– (p< 1.28 1.05 1.08 1.22 (p 1.2 1.0

RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar a associação entre vitimização por bullying e comportamentos de risco à saúde em adolescentes. Métodos: Uma amostra representativa de 1.020 adolescentes participou do estudo. As variáveis bullying, comportamentos de risco à saúde (tabaco, drogas, álcool, comportamento sedentário, uso de smartphone, nível de atividade física, sono) e situação econômica foram avaliadas por meio de questionários autorreportados. Razões de chance com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) foram obtidas por meio de regressão logística binária e regressão logística ordinal, bruta e ajustada (p<0,05). Resultados: As vítimas de bullying apresentaram maior probabilidade de fumar (OR 1,75; IC95% 1,28–2,40), consumir álcool (OR 1,43; IC95% 1,05–1,94), ter pior qualidade de sono (OR 1,94; IC95% 1,28–2,91) e apresentar mais comportamento sedentário (OR 1,43; IC95% 1,08–1,89) do que aqueles que não sofreram bullying. No entanto, as vítimas eram mais propensas a ter níveis elevados de atividade física do que os seus pares não vítimas de bullying (OR 1,66; IC95% 1,22–2,27). Conclusões: A vitimização por bullying esteve associada ao aumento da predisposição para a adoção de comportamentos de risco à saúde. Curiosamente, as vítimas também eram mais propensas a participar de atividades físicas. Objetivo Métodos 1020 1 020 1.02 estudo tabaco, tabaco (tabaco drogas smartphone autorreportados 95 IC95 IC (IC95% ordinal p<0,05. p005 p p<0,05 . 0 05 (p<0,05) Resultados OR 1,75 175 75 1,28–2,40, 128240 1,28–2,40 , 28 2 40 1,28–2,40) 1,43 143 43 1,05–1,94, 105194 1,05–1,94 94 1,05–1,94) 1,94 194 1,28–2,91 128291 91 1,08–1,89 108189 08 89 entanto 1,66 166 66 1,22–2,27. 122227 1,22–2,27 22 27 1,22–2,27) Conclusões Curiosamente físicas 102 02 1.0 9 IC9 (IC95 p00 p<0,0 (p<0,05 1,7 17 7 12824 1,28–2,4 4 1,4 14 10519 1,05–1,9 1,9 19 1,28–2,9 12829 1,08–1,8 10818 8 1,6 16 6 12222 1,22–2,2 10 1. (IC9 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 1, 1282 1,28–2, 1051 1,05–1, 1,08–1, 1081 1222 1,22–2, (IC p<0 (p<0, 128 1,28–2 105 1,05–1 1,08–1 108 122 1,22–2 p< (p<0 12 1,28– 1,05– 1,08– 1,22– (p< 1,28 1,05 1,08 1,22 (p 1,2 1,0

RESUMO Esse trabalho tem como objetivo investigar se o período do dia influencia no desempenho dos indivíduos numa bateria de TAF. A amostra foi composta por dez indivíduos de ambos os sexos (24,10 ± 0,96 anos), que realizaram o TAF nos três períodos do dia: manhã, tarde e noite, em três dias não consecutivos no decorrer de uma semana. O TAF foi composto por cinco testes (teste de preensão manual, teste na barra fixa, teste de flexão abdominal, teste de impulsão horizontal e Shuttle-run) para homens e quatro testes para as mulheres, que não realizaram o teste de força na barra fixa. No primeiro dia da bateria de testes, eles foram submetidos a avaliação antropométrica e de composição corporal com bioimpedância. Em cada dia de avaliação, os participantes tiveram a temperatura corporal aferida antes de iniciar os testes e responderam à percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) após cada teste. Para a análise estatística foi utilizado a anova one-way com post-hoc de bonferroni para comparar as diferenças de performance ao longo dos três períodos do dia. Não foram encontradas diferença significativas (P>0,05) no desempenho entre os testes realizados, nem na PSE nas comparações entre os três períodos do dia. A temperatura corporal foi significativamente (P<0,01) menor no período da manhã (36,28 ± 0,08 ºC) quando comparada ao período da tarde (36,54 ± 0,69 ºC) e da noite (36,70 ± 0,10 ºC). Assim, é possível concluir que o período do dia não influência o desempenho de adultos jovens em uma bateria de TAF.

ABSTRACT This work aims to investigate whether the time of day influences the performance of individuals in a TAF battery. The sample consisted of ten individuals of both genders (24.10±0.96 years), who performed the FAT in three periods of the day: morning, afternoon and night, on three non-consecutive days over the course of a week. The FAT consisted of five tests (handgrip test, fixed bar test, abdominal flexion test, horizontal impulsion test and Shuttle-run) for men and four tests for women, who did not perform the strength test on the bar. fixed. On the first day of the battery of tests, they underwent an anthropometric and body composition assessment with bioimpedance. On each evaluation day, the participants had their body temperature measured before starting the tests and answered the subjective perception of exertion (RPE) after each test. For the statistical analysis, one-way anova with Bonferroni post-hoc was used to compare performance differences over the three periods of the day. No significant differences (P>0.05) were found in the performance between the tests performed, nor in the PSE in the comparisons between the three periods of the day. Body temperature was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the morning (36.28±0.08 ºC) when compared to the afternoon (36.54±0.69 ºC) and night (36.70 ±0.10 ºC). Thus, it is possible to conclude that the time of day does not influence the performance of young adults in a TAF battery.

RESUMEN Este trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar si la hora del día influye en el rendimiento de los individuos en una batería de pruebas de aptitud física (BAF). La muestra estuvo conformada por diez individuos de ambos sexos (24,10±0,96 años), quienes realizaron el BAF en tres momentos del día: mañana, tarde y noche, en tres días no consecutivos en el transcurso de una semana. La BAF constaba de cinco pruebas (handgrip test, test de barra fija, test de flexión abdominal, test de impulsión horizontal y Shuttle-run) para hombres y cuatro pruebas para mujeres, que no realizaron la prueba de fuerza en barra fija. El primer día de la batería de pruebas se les realizó una valoración antropométrica y de composición corporal con bioimpedancia. En cada día de evaluación, a los participantes se les tomó la temperatura corporal antes de comenzar las pruebas y respondieron la percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo (PSE) después de cada prueba. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó Anova unidireccional con Bonferroni post-hoc para comparar las diferencias de rendimiento en los tres períodos del día. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (P>0,05) en el rendimiento entre las pruebas realizadas, ni en el PSE en las comparaciones entre los tres períodos del día. La temperatura corporal fue significativamente (P<0,01) más baja en la mañana (36,28 ± 0,08 ºC) en comparación con la tarde (36,54 ± 0,69 ºC) y la noche (36,70 ± 0,10 ºC). Por lo tanto, es posible concluir que la hora del día no influye en el rendimiento de los adultos jóvenes en una BAF.

RESUMO A bioimpedância fornece dados do ângulo de fase, sendo utilizado para monitorar atletas. A força e a potência musculares são características fisiológicas/motoras importantes nos esportes que envolvem movimentos intensos. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar relações entre a composição corporal, o ângulo de fase e a força de membros superiores/inferiores em atletas adolescentes de diferentes esportes. A amostra foi constituída por 473 atletas (Masculino: 285 e Feminino: 188), com idade média de 16.4+ 1.2 anos. A estatística adotada foi Análise das Componentes Principais, com grupos de análise formados como Geral, Masculino e Feminino. Os testes de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin e Bartlett´s (p< 0,01) apresentaram-se como bons resultados para seguir com a Análise das Componentes Principais. O total de variância mostrou que a formação das componentes foi de três componentes para Geral, quatro para Masculino e cinco para Feminino, onde, a variância explicada pelas Análise das Componentes Principais em cada grupo foi de 73.9, 78.7 e 83.1% respectivamente. O ângulo de fase é uma variável relativamente nova ao avaliar o contexto desportivo, mostrando-se importante no monitoramento da condição física de atletas adolescentes, onde nas atividades que são solicitadas uma condição muscular mais vantajosa faz-se presente quando se aumenta a massa muscular, onde além de possuir boa relação com a força, também se relaciona com as variáveis de composição corporal e da bioimpedância.

ABSTRACT The Bioimpedance provides phase angle data, and it is used to monitor athletes. Muscle strength and power are important physiological/motor characteristics in sports that involve intense movement. The aim of this study was to verify the relationships between body composition, phase angle and upper/lower limb strength in adolescent athletes from different sports. The sample consisted of 473 athletes (Male: 285 and Female: 188), with a mean age of 16.4+ 1.2 years. The adopted statistic was Principal Component Analysis, with analysis groups formed as General, Male and Female. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett's (p< .01) tests showed good results to follow Principal Component Analysis. The total variance showed that the formation of components was three for General, four for Male and five for Female, where the variance explained by the Principal Component Analysis in each group was 73.9, 78.7 and 83.1%, respectively. The phase angle is a relatively new variable when evaluating in the sports context, it proved to be important in monitoring the physical condition of adolescent athletes, where in activities that are requested, a more advantageous muscle condition is presented when muscle mass is increased, where in addition to having a good relationship with strength, and it is also related to the variables of body composition and Bioimpedance.

RESUMO Pessoas vivendo com HIV (PVH), que utilizam a terapia antirretroviral (TARV), são mais suscetíveis a alterações no perfil inflamatório e estresse oxidativo, sendo que as mulheres possuem maior acesso à TARV. Embora o exercício físico seja uma estratégia complementar ao tratamento devido aos seus efeitos antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios, não está claro se as respostas agudas ao exercício podem ser prejudiciais às PVH. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar o efeito agudo de exercícios com pesos (EP) sobre marcadores inflamatórios e de estresse oxidativo em PVH. Dez mulheres, em uso da TARV, realizaram uma sessão de EP constituída por sete exercícios para o corpo todo. Para avaliação bioquímica, amostras de sangue foram coletadas antes (pré), 1 hora (1h) e 2 horas (2h) após a sessão de EP. A ANOVA one-way seguida do teste post hoc de Bonferroni foi utilizada para comparação dos resultados entre os momentos. Houve aumento apenas nos marcadores, GSSG de 160% (pré: 0,40 ± 0,11; 1h: 1,18 ± 0,36; 2h:1,04 ± 0,25 mmol/g), TNF-α de 98% (pré: 4,60 ± 0,55; 1h: 6,95 ± 0,77; 2h: 9,10 ± 1,03 pg/ml) e IL-6 de 52% (pré: 2,47 ± 0,67; 1h: 3,63 ± 1,26; 2h: 5,38 ± 2,15 pg/ml). As demais variáveis permaneceram sem alterações (P > 0,05). Conclui-se que uma sessão de EP aumentou os níveis de marcadores inflamatórios e estresse oxidativo em PVH de forma não exacerbada. PVH, , (PVH) TARV (TARV) antiinflamatórios, antiinflamatórios anti inflamatórios, anti-inflamatórios (EP todo bioquímica pré, pré (pré) 1h h (1h 2h (2h oneway one way momentos 160 (pré 040 0 40 0,4 0,11 011 11 118 18 1,1 0,36 036 36 2h1,04 2h104 1,04 04 2h:1,0 025 25 0,2 mmol/g, mmolg mmol/g mmol g mmol/g) TNFα TNF α 98 460 4 60 4,6 0,55 055 55 695 6 95 6,9 0,77 077 77 910 9 10 9,1 103 03 1,0 pg/ml pgml pg ml IL6 IL IL- 52 247 47 2,4 0,67 067 67 363 3 63 3,6 1,26 126 26 538 5 38 5,3 215 15 2,1 pg/ml. . P 0,05. 005 0,05 05 0,05) Concluise Conclui exacerbada (PVH (TARV 16 0, 0,1 01 1, 0,3 2h1 2h1,0 2h10 104 2h:1, 02 46 4, 0,5 69 6, 0,7 07 7 91 9, 24 2, 0,6 06 3, 1,2 12 53 5, 21 00 0,0 2h1, 2h:1

ABSTRACT People living with HIV (PLH), who use antiretroviral therapy (ART), are more susceptible to changes in the inflammatory profile and oxidative stress, and women have greater access to ART. Although physical exercise is a complementary strategy to treatment due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it is not clear whether acute responses to exercise can be harmful to PLH. The aim of the study was to investigate the acute effect of resistance exercise (RE) on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in PLH. Ten women, using ART, performed RE session consisting of seven exercises for the whole body. For biochemical evaluation, blood samples were collected before (pre), 1 hour (1h) and 2 hours (2h) after the RE session. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to compare results between time points. There was an increase only in markers, GSSG of 160% (pre: 0.40 ± 0.11; 1h: 1.18 ± 0.36; 2h: 1.04 ± 0.25 mmol/g), TNF-α of 98 % (pre: 4.60 ± 0.55; 1h: 6.95 ± 0.77; 2h: 9.10 ± 1.03 pg/ml) and 52% IL-6 (pre: 2.47 ± 0 .67; 1h: 3.63 ± 1.26; 2h: 5.38 ± 2.15 pg/ml). The other variables remained unchanged (P > 0.05). It is concluded that a RE session increased the levels of inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in PLH in a non-exacerbated way. PLH, , (PLH) ART (ART) antiinflammatory anti effects (RE body evaluation pre, pre (pre) 1h h (1h 2h (2h Oneway One way Bonferronis Bonferroni s points 160 (pre 040 40 0.4 0.11 011 11 118 18 1.1 0.36 036 36 104 04 1.0 025 25 0.2 mmol/g, mmolg mmol/g mmol g mmol/g) TNFα TNF α 9 460 4 60 4.6 0.55 055 55 695 6 95 6.9 0.77 077 77 910 10 9.1 103 03 pg/ml pgml pg ml 52 IL6 IL IL- 247 47 2.4 .67 67 363 3 63 3.6 1.26 126 26 538 5 38 5.3 215 15 2.1 pg/ml. . P 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) nonexacerbated non exacerbated (PLH (ART 16 0. 0.1 01 1. 0.3 02 46 4. 0.5 69 6. 0.7 07 7 91 9. 24 2. .6 3. 1.2 12 53 5. 21 00 0.0

RESUMO: Uma alternativa para destinar corretamente o esterco bovino é realizar a compostagem e/ou vermicompostagem e depois adicioná-lo ao solo como fonte de nutrientes às plantas. Porém, este resíduo tem sido utilizado na produção de mudas sem tratamento. O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o uso de esterco bovino in natura, de composto orgânico e de vermicomposto, produzidos a partir do esterco bovino, em substratos para a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus urograndis. Os tratamentos constituíram-se dos substratos formulados pela mistura dos fertilizantes orgânicos com areia lavada nas porcentagens de 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 (v/v), em comparação com um substrato comercial (SC). As mudas de Eucalyptus urograndis foram cultivadas em tubetes, em casa de vegetação, e avaliadas aos 120 dias quanto a massa seca da parte aérea e raiz, altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, relação parte aérea/raiz e índice de qualidade de Dickson. O substrato formulado pela mistura de 80% (v/v) de esterco bovino in natura com areia lavada proporcionou o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas de eucalipto. O substrato contendo 100% de vermicomposto de esterco bovino ou composto orgânico produziu mudas com qualidade inferior ao esterco bovino in natura, mas superior ao substrato comercial. Devido aos riscos à saúde associados ao uso de esterco bovino não tratado, o composto orgânico e o vermicomposto são boas alternativas para a produção de mudas de E. urograndis.

ABSTRACT: Composting and vermicomposting before addition to the soil is a viable alternative to the disposal of cattle manure. However, this residue has been used in the untreated form for seedling production. This study evaluated the use of cattle manure in natura, and the organic composted or vermicomposted variants of cattle manure on substrates used in the production of Eucalyptus urograndis seedlings. The treatments consisted of substrates formulated by mixing the organic fertilizers with washed sand in 20, 40, 60, 80 or 100 (v/v) percentages, compared to a commercial substrate. The E. urograndis seedlings were grown in tubes in a greenhouse and evaluated after 120 days for shoot and root dry weights, plant height, stem diameter, shoot/root ratio, and Dickson quality index. The substrate formulated from a mixture of 80% (v/v) of cattle manure in natura and washed sand allows for better development in Eucalyptus seedlings. Substrate containing 100% bovine manure vermicompost or organic compost produced seedlings with lower quality than in natura bovine manure but superior to the commercial substrate. Due to the health risks associated with use of untreated bovine manure, organic compost and vermicompost are good alternatives for the production of E. urograndis seedlings.

ABSTRACT The aims of the current study are to (a) evaluate the growth and nutritional status of young Chardonnay and Pinot Noir vines grown in soil subjected to K application and (b) to determine the growth and nutritional status of young Chardonnay vines grown in soil subjected to K and to different limestone applications. The experiment was conducted in Red Argisol, in Santana do Livramento County (RS), in crop seasons from 2011/12 to 2013/14. Treatments adopted in experiment 1 comprised 0, 30 and 60 kg of ha-1. Variables K exchangeable content in the soil, K content in leaves, plant height, stem diameter and weight of the pruned material were evaluated. Treatments adopted in experiment 2 comprised 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg of K2O ha-1, as well as calcitic and dolomitic limestone applications. Variables exchangeable K, Ca and Mg contents in the soil, K, Ca and Mg contents in leaves, plant height, stem diameter and weight of the pruned material were evaluated. Potassium fertilization increased the K content in the 0-10 cm layer and influenced the K content in leaves collected in the first crop; however, it did not influence growth parameters in Chardonnay and Pinot Noir cultivars. Potassium, dolomitic and calcitic limestone application enabled nutrient absorption by plants, whose leaves presented increased K content; however, it did not influence growth parameters in cultivar Chardonnay.

RESUMEN Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: (a) evaluar el crecimiento y el estado nutricional de las vides jóvenes cv. Chardonnay y Pinot Noir cultivadas en suelos donde se incorporó K; y (b) determinar el crecimiento y el estado nutricional de plantas juveniles de vid cv. Chardonnay cultivadas en suelos donde se incorporó K y diferentes dosis de cal. El experimento se realizó en Red Argisol, en el condado de Santana do Livramento (RS), en las temporadas de cultivo del 2011/12 al 2013/14. El tratamiento del Experimento 1 fue la incorporación de 0, 30 y 60 kg de K 2 O ha -1 . Se evaluó el contenido de K intercambiable en el suelo, contenido de K en las hojas, altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo y peso del material podado. El tratamiento del Experimento 2 fue la incorporación de 0, 60, 120 y 180 kg de K2O ha -1 , con aplicaciones de calcita y dolomita. Se evaluaron los contenidos de K, Ca y Mg intercambiables en el suelo, los contenidos de K, Ca y Mg en las hojas, la altura de la planta, el diámetro del tallo y el peso del material podado. Los resultados del Experimento 1 sugieren que la fertilización con potasio aumentó el contenido de K en la capa de 0-10 cm e influyó en el contenido de K en las hojas recolectadas en el primer cultivo. Sin embargo, no afectó los parámetros de crecimiento en los cultivares Chardonnay y Pinot Noir. Los resultados del Experimento 2 muestran que la aplicación de potasio, calcita y dolomita permitió la absorción de nutrientes de las plantas jóvenes, cuyas hojas presentaron un mayor contenido de K. Sin embargo, no influyó en los otros parámetros de crecimiento en el cultivar Chardonnay, ni en el contenido de Ca y Mg en las variables estudiadas.

Abstract Aim: The objective of this study was to verify whether the match winners in the semifinals and finals of the FIFA World Cup 2014 were those who presented the highest frequency of pressing and intense behaviors in the recovery of ball possession. Methods: The sample was composed of 533 defensive tactical sequences performed by the four finalist teams in the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The independent t-test was used to compare tactical indicators between winning and losing teams and the chi-square test (X2) was applied to assess the association between the variables. Results: In the first (X2 = 48.47; P < 0.01) and second halves of regular matches (X2 = 64.10; P < 0.01), the evaluated teams recovered the ball in the defensive zone. However, during the first and second periods of extra time, the highest frequencies of ball recovery were found in the middle defensive zone (P < 0.01). Conclusion: It is concluded that the semi-finalist and finalist teams from the 2014 FIFA World Cup sought to recover the ball in the defensive zone, and pressing opponent movements when they were losing the matches.

Resumo O estudo objetivou analisar os princípios táticos fundamentais ofensivos e a eficácia técnica de escolares praticantes de futsal. Participaram do estudo 33 alunos de uma escola no Paraná. Utilizou-se o Sistema de Avaliação Tática no Futebol (FUT-SAT) e o Sistema de Análise Notacional em Jogos Reduzidos de Futebol para análise tático-técnica. Constatou-se que o princípio tático “cobertura ofensiva” foi executado com mais frequência pelos escolares praticantes de futsal (p = 0,01) seguido pelo princípio “espaço sem bola” (p < 0,01). Correlações significativas moderadas e fortes foram identificadas entre a frequência de execução dos princípios táticos fundamentais “penetração”, “cobertura ofensiva”, “espaço com bola”, “unidade ofensiva” e a eficiência em habilidades técnicas (de r = 0,43 a r = 0,82, p < 0,05). Conclui-se que no grupo etário avaliado, existe um modelo de jogar próximo ao centro de jogo e que a eficiência de execução técnica está associada com o comportamento tático em situação de jogo.

Abstract The study aimed to analyze the core tactical offensive principles and technical efficiency of primary school futsal players. Thirty-three students from a school in Paraná participated in the study. The System of Tactical Assessment in Soccer (FUT-SAT) and the System of Notational Analysis in Small-sided Soccer Games were used for tactical-technical analysis. It was found that the tactical principle “offensive coverage" was most frequently executed by the primary school futsal players (p = 0.01), followed by "width and length" without ball (p < 0.01). Moderate and strong significant correlations were identified between the execution frequency of the core tactical principles “penetration”, “offensive coverage”, “width and length without ball”, “offensive unity” and efficiency in technical skills (from r = 0.43 to r = 0.82, p < 0.05). It is concluded that there is a model of playing near the game center in the presented age group, and that the efficiency of executing technical skills is associated with tactical behavior in game situation.

ABSTRACT Soils with a long-term history of animal manure application exhibit higher residual effects of nitrogen (N) in soil and can affect the efficiency with which N will be used. This study aimed to evaluate how the immediate and residual effect of 16 applications of animal manure reflects on yields of black oat and corn rotation system, as well as N use efficiency. The study was carried out in no-tillage from 2004 to 2016 in Brazil. The treatments were pig slurry (PS), dairy slurry (DS), pig deep-litter (PL), mineral fertilizer (MF), and control (C). Prior to the sowing of black oat, in which 16 animal manure applications had already been made, an area of the soil was delimited where the treatments were not applied. This area was referred to as unfertilized (U) soil. Applications were carried out in the remaining area and were referred to as fertilized (F) soil. The highest dry matter yield and N accumulation in black oat and corn were found in F soils treated with DS and PL, respectively. In corn, the highest grain yield and N accumulation in grains were found with DS and PS. In U soil, the 16 applications (of DS especially) resulted in yields and N accumulation greater than the control and MF, but lower than those in F. The highest N use efficiency was found with DS. The history of animal manure applications was not enough to rule out additional applications in the following years.

RESUMO Introdução Embora o treinamento resistido (TR) possa proporcionar inúmeros benefícios tanto para homens quanto para mulheres, diferenças morfológicas, neuromusculares, metabólicas, fisiológicas e comportamentais entre os sexos podem influenciar na magnitude das respostas ao treinamento. Objetivo Analisar o impacto de 16 semanas de TR progressivo sobre a resistência de força em homens e mulheres não treinados. Métodos Foram submetidos a um programa de TR supervisionado em duas etapas de 8 semanas cada, três vezes por semana, em dias não consecutivos 28 homens e 31 mulheres (18 a 30 anos). O programa de TR foi composto por exercícios para os diferentes segmentos corporais (membros superiores, tronco e membros inferiores), que foram executados em três séries de oito a 12 repetições máximas (RM), em dez exercícios na primeira etapa e em 12 exercícios na segunda etapa de intervenção. A resistência de força foi avaliada em três exercícios (supino em banco horizontal, agachamento e rosca direta de bíceps) e na combinação entre eles, por meio de um protocolo composto por quatro séries executadas até a falha com 80% de 1-RM, na linha de base, após 8 e 16 semanas de TR. Resultados Interações grupo vs. tempo (p < 0,05) foram encontradas para os exercícios supino (homens: +28,3% vs. mulheres: +32,1%), agachamento (homens: +13,5% vs. mulheres: +32,7%), rosca direta (homens: +20,2% vs. mulheres: +24,4%), bem como no conjunto dos três exercícios (homens: +18,4% vs. mulheres +31,2%). Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que 16 semanas de TR podem melhorar a resistência de força, tanto em homens quanto em mulheres, embora ganhos de maior magnitude sejam alcançados pelas mulheres. Nível de evidência II; Estudo terapêutico – investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction Although resistance training (RT) can provide numerous benefits for both men and women, morphological, neuromuscular, metabolic, physiological, and behavioral differences between sexes may influence the magnitude of training responses. Objective To analyze the impact of 16 weeks of progressive RT on strength endurance in untrained men and women. Methods Twenty-eight men and 31 women (18-30 years) underwent a supervised RT program that was divided into two 8-week stages, 3 times per week on nonconsecutive days. The RT program was composed of exercises for different body segments (trunk, upper and lower limbs) that were performed with three sets of 8-12 repetitions maximum (RM), in 10 and 12 exercises, in the first and second stage, respectively. Strength endurance was assessed in 3 exercises (bench press, squat, and arm curl) and in a combination of these exercises through a protocol composed of 4 sets performed to failure with 80% of 1-RM on the baseline, after 8 and 16 weeks of RT. Results Group vs. time interactions (p <0.05) were found for bench press (men = +28.3% vs. women = +32.1%), squat (men = +13.5% vs. women = +32.7%), and arm curl (men = +20.2% vs. women = +24.4%) exercises, as well as in the set of all 3 exercises (men = +18.4% vs. women = +31.2%). Conclusion Our results suggest that 16 weeks of RT can improve strength endurance in both men and women, although higher gains are achieved by women. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic study-Investigating treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción Aunque el entrenamiento resistido (ER) puede proporcionar innumerables beneficios tanto para hombres como para mujeres, diferencias morfológicas, neuromusculares, metabólicas, fisiológicas y comportamentales entre ambos sexos pueden influir en la magnitud de las respuestas al entrenamiento. Objetivo Analizar el impacto de 16 semanas de ER progresivo sobre la resistencia de fuerza en hombres y mujeres no entrenados. Métodos Veintiocho hombres y 31 mujeres (18 a 30 años) fueron sometidos a un programa de ER supervisado en dos etapas de ocho semanas cada una, tres veces por semana, en días no consecutivos. El programa de ER fue compuesto por ejercicios para los diferentes segmentos corporales (miembros superiores, tronco y miembros inferiores) que fueron ejecutados en tres series de 8-12 repeticiones máximas (RM), en 10 ejercicios en la primera etapa y 12 ejercicios en la segunda etapa de intervención. La resistencia de fuerza fue evaluada en tres ejercicios (press de banca, sentadilla y curl de bíceps) y en la combinación entre ellos, por medio de un protocolo compuesto por cuatro series ejecutadas hasta la falla con el 80% de 1-RM, línea de base, después de ocho y 16 semanas de ER. Resultados Interacciones grupo vs. tiempo (p < 0,05) fueron encontradas para los ejercicios press de banca (hombres = +28,3% vs. mujeres = +32,1%), sentadilla (hombres = +13,5% vs. mujeres = +32,7%), curl de bíceps (hombres = +20,2% vs. mujeres = +24,4%), así como en el conjunto de los tres ejercicios (hombres = +18,4% vs. mujeres = +31,2%). Conclusión Nuestros resultados sugieren que 16 semanas de ER pueden mejorar la resistencia de fuerza, tanto en hombres como en mujeres, aunque los aumentos de mayor magnitud sean alcanzados por las mujeres. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudio terapéutico -Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Fruit and vegetable waste can be used for the production of organic compost, which when mineralized can increase the availability of nitrogen. The objectives of this study were: (a) to produce compost from different ratios of fruit and vegetable waste, rice husk and poultry manure that meets the legislation on organic fertilizers and (b) to assess the mineralization of N in substrates prepared with different ratios of compost. In experiment 1, the following treatments were prepared using (fruit and vegetable residue: rice husk: poultry waste) (v:v): Treatment 1 (2:1:0), T2 (1:1:1), T3 (1.5:1:0) and T4 (1.2:1:0). All the treatments were subjected to composting for 95 days, were subjected to analysis of nutrients, organic carbon, C/N, CEC/C, pH and moisture content. The composts were compared in regards to the parameters required by legislation. In experiment 2, the treatments consisted of eight blends of agricultural peat, carbonized rice husk and organic compost pre-selected from experiment 1. The NO3 --N and NH+ 4-N contents were analyzed in the substrate at time zero and at 7, 14, 28, 56, 112 days after incubation. Compost (C2) met the parameters required by legislation and the use of 40% in the substrate composition promoted the mineralization of N.

ABSTRACT Studies in the Amazon indicate a wide diversity of rhizobia with the ability for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), which could expand the number of strains approved for cowpea. Thus, the aim of this field study was to evaluate the agronomic performance in cowpea of the several strains isolated from the soils of the Brazilian states Acre and Rondônia, and to compare them withstrains approved by the Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA) and withnon-inoculated controls (without and with mineral nitrogen fertilizer). The inoculants performed well. Though less effective than the other strains, the UFLA 03-36 strain also was prominent with respect to grain yield. Because of the positive response of the UFLA 03-129 strain, which led to yield increases greater than the obtained from the control without inoculation plus mineral-N, it can be recommended as an inoculum for cowpea. Further investigations should be carried out to obtain MAPA’s approval for their use. Other experiments involving this strain and several cultivars are being carried out on other types of soil and environmental conditions of the state of Minas Gerais.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi analisar se a competência motora (CM) e a qualidade da escrita (QE) podem ser diferentes entre crianças de ambos os sexos, com diferentes níveis de força e que encontram-se no processo de aprendizagem da escrita. Participaram do estudo 61 escolares de 05 a 07 anos matriculadas no primeiro ano escolar. O nível de força de preensão manual (FPM) foi mensurado em um dinamômetro de mão e para avaliar a CM utilizou-se o teste de Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition BOT-2 nas dimensões Precisão Motora Fina, Integração Motora Fina, Destreza manual e Coordenação Bilateral. A avaliação da QE foi feita pelos professores. A ANOVA one-way foi utilizada para comparar a CM e QE de acordo com a FPM, enquanto a ANOVA two-way foi utilizada para comparar a CM e QE de acordo com a FPM e sexo. De forma geral, a FPM mostrou-se maior (p<0,05) em ambas as mãos dos meninos (direita =8,1±1,0kg; esquerda=7,8±1,3kg) comparados com as meninas (direita =6,8±0,9kg; esquerda =6,6±1,3kg). Quando separados em tercis dos níveis de FPM, independente do sexo, a CM foi maior nas crianças de mais alta força. Quando foram divididas pela mediana da força e com base no sexo, os meninos de alta força (acima da mediana) foram superiores aos meninos de baixa força (p<0,01) e que as meninas, independe do nível de força (p<0,05). Nenhum efeito foi encontrado na QE. Os resultados sugerem que em crianças em aprendizagem da escrita, a FPM parece impactar a CM, favorecendo os meninos com alta força, porém a QE parece não ser influenciada pela força, independente do sexo.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze whether motor competence (MC) and writing quality (WQ) may differ between children of both sexes, with different strength levels and who are in the learning process of writing. Sixty-one students from 05 to 07 years old enrolled in the first school year participated in the study. To measure handgrip strength (HS) a hand dynamometer was used and to assess the MC the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Test, Second Edition BOT-2 was used for Fine Motor Precision, Fine Motor Integration, Manual dexterity and Bilateral Coordination. The assessment of WQ was performed by the teachers. One-way ANOVA was used to compare MC and WQ according to HS, while two-way ANOVA was used to compare MC and WQ according to HS and gender. Overall, the HS was higher (p <0.05) in both hands of boys (right = 8.1 ± 1.0kg; left = 7.8 ± 1.3kg) compared to girls (right = 6.8 ± 0.9kg; left = 6.6 ± 1.3kg). When separated into thirds of HS levels, regardless of gender, MC was higher in children of higher strength. When divided by the median strength and based on gender, the highest strength boys (above the median) were superior to the lower strength boys (p <0.01) and that the girls, regardless of the strength level (p < 0.05). No effects were found on WQ. The results suggest that in children learning to write, HS seems to impact MC, favoring boys with highest strength, but WQ does not seem to be influenced by force, regardless of gender.

ABSTRACT: Among soil microorganisms, the genus Cupriavidus has garnered particular scientific, economic and ecological interest because of its ability to fix nitrogen and tolerate high concentrations of metals. The aim of this study was to analyze four strains of Cupriavidus necator for their ability to tolerate and bioaccumulate cadmium and zinc. The tolerance of these strains to these metals was assessed in liquid culture medium containing different concentrations of Zn + Cd and in soil solutions and soils contaminated with multiple elements including Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb. The four strains showed high tolerance to Zn and Cd, both in culture medium and when inoculated into contaminated soil solutions or multi-element contaminated soil. The UFLA02-71 strain displayed the highest ability to bioaccumulate these metals. It was able to accumulate 93.76 µmol g cell−1 of Zn and 16.03 µmol g cell−1 of Cd when cultured in liquid medium with a total heavy metal concentration of 9,140 µmol L−1 (9,000 Zn + 140 Cd) and was able to accumulate 16.98 µmol g cell−1 of Cd in the soil solution. An increase in the pH of the culture medium resulting from the growth of the C. necator strains reduced the Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions in the medium and increased the concentrations of the ZnHPO4 and CdHPO4 species in solution. Thus, we concluded that they show great potential for use in the bioremediation of HM-contaminated areas.