Resumo: Acidentes na infância têm uma alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade e, muitas vezes, podem ser evitados, o que reforça a importância de medidas educacionais para evitar lesões não intencionais. O objetivo foi identificar e descrever estratégias educacionais úteis para a prevenção de acidentes infantis no contexto da comunidade. Essa revisão sistemática foi orientada pelo PRISMA (2020) e registrada na plataforma PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024500956). Uma estratégia de busca foi desenvolvida combinando os descritores “Accident Prevention” (prevenção de acidentes), “Child” (criança) e “Health Education” (educação em saúde) com o operador booleano AND, aplicado às bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS e SciELO. Foram localizados 5.037 estudos, incluindo artigos observacionais publicados entre 2018-2023, com crianças de 0 a 12 anos e/ou seus pais/cuidadores. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada considerando os critérios dos instrumentos Qualitative Studies Checklist e Research Triangle Institute Item Bank. A amostra bibliográfica consistiu em 30 artigos, em sua maioria classificados como de alta qualidade, com uma população de 4.510 adultos e 54.190 crianças de vários países. Foram descritas estratégias educacionais para a prevenção de acidentes, voltadas para pais e responsáveis, crianças e ambos. Esta revisão, que aborda estratégias educacionais inovadoras para a prevenção de acidentes infantis, destaca abordagens lúdicas para crianças e métodos visuais para cuidadores. A implementação enfrenta desafios relacionados à avaliação e a fatores socioeconômicos, tornando critérios rigorosos e acompanhamentos prolongados importantes para a eficácia contínua.

Resumen: Los accidentes en la infancia tienen una alta tasa de morbimortalidad y, muchas veces, son prevenibles, por lo que refuerza la importancia de medidas educativas para prevenir lesiones no intencionales. El objetivo de estudio fue identificar y describir estrategias educativas útiles para la prevención de accidentes en la infancia en el contexto comunitario. Esta revisión sistemática fue guiada por PRISMA (2020) y registrada en la plataforma PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024500956). Se realizó una búsqueda combinando los descriptores “Accident Prevention” (prevención de accidentes), “Child” (niño) y “Health Education” (educación en salud) con el operador booleano AND, aplicado a las bases de datos PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS y SciELO. Se encontraron 5.037 estudios, que incluye artículos observacionales publicados entre 2018-2023, con niños de 0 a 12 años y/o sus padres/cuidadores. La calidad de los estudios se evaluó considerando los criterios de los instrumentos Qualitative Studies Checklist y Research Triangle Institute Item Bank. La muestra bibliográfica consistió en 30 artículos, en su mayoría clasificados como de alta calidad, realizados con una población de 4.510 adultos y 54.190 niños de varios países. Se describieron estrategias educativas para la prevención de accidentes dirigidas a padres y tutores, niños o ambos. Esta revisión aborda estrategias educativas innovadoras para la prevención de accidentes en la infancia y destaca los enfoques lúdicos para los niños y las técnicas visuales para los cuidadores. La aplicación se enfrenta a desafíos relacionados con la evaluación y los factores socioeconómicos, por lo que los criterios estrictos y los seguimientos prolongados son importantes para mantener su eficacia.

Abstract: Accidents in childhood have a high morbidity and mortality rate and are often preventable, which reinforces the importance of educational measures to prevent unintentional injuries. This study aimed to identify and describe useful educational strategies for preventing childhood accidents in communities. This systematic review was guided by PRISMA (2020) and registered on the PROSPERO platform (ID: CRD42024500956). A search strategy was developed by combining the descriptors “Accident Prevention”, “Child”, and “Health Education” with the Boolean operator AND, applied to the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, and SciELO databases. A total of 5,037 studies were located, including observational articles published from 2018 to 2023, with children aged 0-12 years and/or their parents/caregivers. The quality of the studies was assessed based on the Qualitative Studies Checklist and the Research Triangle Institute Item Bank instruments. The bibliographic sample consisted of 30 articles, mostly classified as high quality, with a population of 4,510 adults and 54,190 children from various countries. Educational strategies for accident prevention were described, aimed at parents and guardians, children, and both. This review, addressing innovative educational strategies for preventing childhood accidents, highlights playful approaches for children and visual methods for caregivers. Implementation faces challenges related to evaluation and socioeconomic factors, making rigorous criteria and prolonged follow-ups important for continuous effectiveness.

Abstract Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have evolved with host switches between non-human primates (NHPs) and humans. Studies on the infection dynamics of Plasmodium species in NHPs will improve our understanding of the evolution of these parasites; however, such studies are hampered by the difficulty of handling animals in the field. The aim of this study was to detect genomic DNA of Plasmodium species from the faeces of New World monkeys. Faecal samples from 23 Alouatta clamitans from the Centre for Biological Research of Indaial (Santa Catarina, Brazil) were collected. Extracted DNA from faecal samples was used for molecular diagnosis of malaria by nested polymerase chain reaction. One natural infection with Plasmodium simium was identified by amplification of DNA extracted from the faeces of A. clamitans. Extracted DNA from a captive NHP was also used for parasite genotyping. The detection limit of the technique was evaluated in vitro using an artificial mixture of cultured P. falciparum in NHP faeces and determined to be 6.5 parasites/µL. Faecal samples of New World primates can be used to detect malaria infections in field surveys and also to monitor the genetic variability of parasites and dynamics of infection.

Blood infection by the simian parasite, Plasmodium simium, was identified in captive (n = 45, 4.4%) and in wild Alouatta clamitans monkeys (n = 20, 35%) from the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. A single malaria infection was symptomatic and the monkey presented clinical and haematological alterations. A high frequency of Plasmodium vivax-specific antibodies was detected among these monkeys, with 87% of the monkeys testing positive against P. vivax antigens. These findings highlight the possibility of malaria as a zoonosis in the remaining Atlantic Forest and its impact on the epidemiology of the disease.