Avaliou-se a eficiência de Metarhizium anisopliae e Beauveria bassiana para o controle do pulgão Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) em couve Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C., bem como sua compatibilidade com óleo de nim (Neemseto®). Dez isolados desses fungos foram utilizados, onde o isolado CG 001 de B. bassiana e o isolado CG 30 de M. anisopliae apresentaram-se como os mais virulentos com 90% e 4,4 dias, e 64% e 3,8 dias, de mortalidade e tempo letal médio, respectivamente. Bioensaios com o produto à base de nim nas concentrações 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0% foram realizados por imersão foliar e pulverização sobre os pulgões. O tratamento com pulverização de 2,0% de Neemseto® proporcionou mortalidade de 90%. O teste in vitro de Neemseto® a 0,125; 0,25 e 0,5%, sobre os isolados CG 001 de B. bassiana e CG 30 de M. anisopliae mostrou que esses isolados podem ter seu crescimento colonial e viabilidade alterados quando expostos a concentrações de nim maiores que 0,25%. Em valores absolutos, os isolados CG 001 de B. bassiana e CG 30 de M. anisopliae foram os mais virulentos para L. erysimi, podendo ser utilizados no manejo dessa praga.

This work aimed to determine the efficiency of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana to control the aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in kale Brassica oleracea var acephala D.C., as well as their compatibility with a neem oil formulation (Neemseto®). Ten isolates of both fungi were tested and the most pathogenic ones were B. bassiana CG001 and M. anisopliae CG30 with 90% and 4.4 days, and 64% and 3.8 days of mortality and median lethal time, respectively. Bioassays with neem at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% were done either by leaf discs dipping or spraying the aphids on the leaf discs. The neem spraying treatment at 2.0% provided 90% mortality. The use of B. bassiana isolate CG001 or M. anisopliae isolate CG30 with neem at 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5%, demonstrated that these isolates could have their spore viability or colony growth affected when exposed to neem concentrations higher than 0.25%. In absolute values, the isolates B. bassiana CG001 and M. anisopliae CG30 are the most virulent to L. erysimi, and could be utilized in the management of this pest.

Discs of polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with glutaraldehyde were synthesized under acid catalysis (H2SO4). Then, the antigen F1 purified from Yersinia pestis was covalently linked to this modified polymer. Afterwards, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for the diagnosis of plague in rabbit and human. The best conditions for the method were achieved by using 1.3 ¼g of F1 prepared in 0.067 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, containing 1 M NaCl (PBS); anti-IgG peroxidase conjugate diluted 6,000 times and as a blocking agent 3% w/v skim milk in PBS. The titration of positive rabbit serum according to this procedure detected antibody concentrations up to 1:12,800 times. The present method, the conventional ELISA and passive haemagglutination assay are compared.