ABSTRACT Describing dung beetle communities in tropical forest remnants located in disturbed/urbanized and conserved areas can provide information about the functioning of these ecosystems and support conservation plans. This study aimed to verify the effect of seasons and bait type on dung beetle communities in remnants of the Atlantic Forest in order to describe their composition and diversity parameters. The study was carried out during both the rainy and dry seasons in periurban and urban remnants. Eighteen pitfall traps baited with feces, carrion, and injured millipedes were established in each site. A total of 3501 individuals and 23 species were recorded. Urban remnant presented higher abundance of individuals in the dry season. On the other hand, in periurban remnant the higher abundance was verified in the rainy season. The diversity was higher in the rainy season in both sites. In urban remnant, Coprophanaeus ensifer was found to be generalist regarding its choice of bait (feces and carrion). The use of injured millipedes as bait allowed the record of the predatory species Deltochilum alpercata. Among the types of bait used, the injured millipedes proved to be very effective, capturing a greater diversity of dung beetles during the rainy season in both remnants, and allowed the collection of specialized, necrophages, and generalists species. Therefore, we propose the use of mixed-bait sampling designs in inventories and surveys to increase the chances of sampling species with different traits or dietary preferences, which are often rare in collections.

Abstract From the arrival of Chikungunya virus in the Americas in 2013 until March 2016, approximately two million cases of the disease have been reported. In Brazil, the virus was identified in 2014 and thousands of people have been affected. The disease has high attack rates, infecting 50% of a population within a few months. Approximately 50% of infected people develop chronic symptoms lasting for months or years. Joint involvement is the main clinical manifestation of Chikungunya. It is characterized by swelling and intense pain that is poorly responsive to analgesics, both in the acute and chronic phase of the disease. This significantly compromises quality of life and may have immeasurable psychosocial and economic repercussions, constituting therefore, a serious public health problem requiring a targeted approach. Physicians are often not familiar with how to approach the management of pain, frequently prescribing limited analgesics, such as dipyrone, in sub-therapeutic doses. In addition, there are few published studies or guidelines on the approach to the treatment of pain in patients with Chikungunya. Some groups of specialists from different fields have thus developed a protocol for the pharmacologic treatment of Chikungunya-associated acute and chronic joint pain; this will be presented in this review.

Objetiva-se analisar a presença de depressão, a função cognitiva, o estado nutricional e os fatores associados à desnutrição em idosos em tratamento para o câncer. Foi realizado um estudo transversal em um centro oncológico em Minas Gerais que incluiu a aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde, a avaliação de sintomas depressivos, da função cognitiva e do estado nutricional. Foram avaliados 96 idosos, 50% do sexo feminino e com idade média de 70,6 anos. O déficit cognitivo foi identificado em 39,6% e a presença de depressão em 17,7% dos avaliados, com um maior número de sintomas depressivos sexo feminino (p = 0,017). Foi diagnosticada desnutrição moderada ou suspeita de desnutrição em 29,2% dos avaliados, desnutrição grave em 14,6% e 47,9% apresentou necessidade de intervenção nutricional crítica. Na análise multivariada foram condições independentemente associadas à desnutrição o déficit funcional (RP: 3,40; IC: 1,23-9,45), a presença de dois ou mais sintomas de impacto nutricional (RP: 3,22; IC: 1,03-10,10) e o tratamento atual por quimioterapia (RP: 2,96; IC: 1,16-7,56). Idosos com câncer apresentaram elevada prevalência de desnutrição e de necessidade de intervenção nutricional. A avaliação da depressão e do déficit cognitivo também devem ser partes integrantes na abordagem deste grupo.

The study sought to analyze the presence of depression, cognitive function, nutritional status and factors associated with malnutrition in the elderly undergoing treatment for cancer. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a cancer clinic in Minas Gerais, which included the application of a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, assessment of depressive symptoms, cognitive function and nutritional status. 96 elderly people were evaluated, 50% of which were female and the mean age was 70.6 years. Cognitive impairment was identified in 39.6% and the presence of depression in 17.7%, with a higher number of depressive symptoms in females (p = 0,017). Moderate malnutrition or suspected malnutrition was diagnosed in 29.2%, severe malnutrition in 14.6% and 47.9% had a critical need for nutritional intervention. In multivariate analysis, functional impairment was independently associated with malnutrition (PR: 3.40; CI: 1.23-9.45), the presence of two or more symptoms of nutritional impact (PR: 3.22; CI: 10.03-10.10) and current treatment by chemotherapy (PR: 2.96; CI: 1.16-7.56). The elderly with cancer showed a high prevalence of malnutrition and a need for nutritional intervention. The assessment of depression and cognitive impairment should also be an integral part in addressing this group.

Objetiva-se analisar a presença de depressão, a função cognitiva, o estado nutricional e os fatores associados à desnutrição em idosos em tratamento para o câncer. Foi realizado um estudo transversal em um centro oncológico em Minas Gerais que incluiu a aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde, a avaliação de sintomas depressivos, da função cognitiva e do estado nutricional. Foram avaliados 96 idosos, 50% do sexo feminino e com idade média de 70,6 anos. O déficit cognitivo foi identificado em 39,6% e a presença de depressão em 17,7% dos avaliados, com um maior número de sintomas depressivos sexo feminino (p = 0,017). Foi diagnosticada desnutrição moderada ou suspeita de desnutrição em 29,2% dos avaliados, desnutrição grave em 14,6% e 47,9% apresentou necessidade de intervenção nutricional crítica. Na análise multivariada foram condições independentemente associadas à desnutrição o déficit funcional (RP: 3,40; IC: 1,23-9,45), a presença de dois ou mais sintomas de impacto nutricional (RP: 3,22; IC: 1,03-10,10) e o tratamento atual por quimioterapia (RP: 2,96; IC: 1,16-7,56). Idosos com câncer apresentaram elevada prevalência de desnutrição e de necessidade de intervenção nutricional. A avaliação da depressão e do déficit cognitivo também devem ser partes integrantes na abordagem deste grupo.

The study sought to analyze the presence of depression, cognitive function, nutritional status and factors associated with malnutrition in the elderly undergoing treatment for cancer. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a cancer clinic in Minas Gerais, which included the application of a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, assessment of depressive symptoms, cognitive function and nutritional status. 96 elderly people were evaluated, 50% of which were female and the mean age was 70.6 years. Cognitive impairment was identified in 39.6% and the presence of depression in 17.7%, with a higher number of depressive symptoms in females (p = 0,017). Moderate malnutrition or suspected malnutrition was diagnosed in 29.2%, severe malnutrition in 14.6% and 47.9% had a critical need for nutritional intervention. In multivariate analysis, functional impairment was independently associated with malnutrition (PR: 3.40; CI: 1.23-9.45), the presence of two or more symptoms of nutritional impact (PR: 3.22; CI: 10.03-10.10) and current treatment by chemotherapy (PR: 2.96; CI: 1.16-7.56). The elderly with cancer showed a high prevalence of malnutrition and a need for nutritional intervention. The assessment of depression and cognitive impairment should also be an integral part in addressing this group.

Introduction: A comparative study of the various methods of nutritional assessment currently available in oncology are necessary to identify the most appropriate one, as well as the relationships that exist among the different instruments. Objective: To compare the nutritional diagnosis obtained by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) with the objective anthropometric measurements in the elderly undergoing oncology treatment and to assess the concordance between the methods used in detecting malnutrition. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the elderly, older than or equal to 60 years in age undergoing oncology treatment. The PG-SGA was performed and the anthropometric parameters including weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, corrected arm muscle area, arm fat area, calf circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-hip ratio and triceps skinfold were evaluated. From a 24-hour recall the energy and macronutrient intakes were estimated. Results: A total of 96 elderly patients were evaluated. The PG-SGA identified 29.2% with moderate malnutrition or suspected malnutrition and 14.6% with severe malnutrition. From among the elderly evaluated, 47.9% required critical nutritional intervention. The anthropometric parameters and the consumption of energy and macronutrients revealed significant differences based on the subjective PG-SGA classification. The prevalence of malnutrition ranged from 43.8% to 61.4%, depending upon the instrument used. The method most consistent with the diagnosis of malnutrition provided by the PGSGA was the BMI (kappa = 0.54; CI: 0.347-0.648). Conclusions: The PG-SGA showed a significant correlation with the anthropometric measurements and with food consumption for both the categorical classification, as well as for the scoring system. Diagnosis of malnutrition showed variable prevalence depending upon the method used, and none were found equivalent to the PG-SGA.

Introducción: Los estudios comparativos entre los métodos de evaluación nutricional en oncología son necesarios para identificar los medios más adecuados y las relaciones entre los diferentes instrumentos. Objetivos: Comparar el diagnóstico nutricional obtenido por la Valoración Subjetiva Global-Generada por el Paciente (PG-SGA) con mediciones antropométricas objetivas en el tratamiento oncológico sometido ancianos y evaluar la concordancia entre los métodos de detección de la desnutrición. Métodos: Estudio transversal de los ancianos con edad mayor o igual a 60 en tratamiento oncológico. El PG-SGA se realizó y evaluó los parámetros antropométricos: peso, talla, Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC), circunferencia del brazo, circunferencia muscular del brazo, área muscular del brazo corregida, brazo área de grasa, circunferencia de la pantorrilla, circunferencia de la cintura, circunferencia de la cadera, la cinturacadera y pliegue tricipital. Desde un recordatorio de 24 horas se estimaron los consumos de energía y macronutrientes. Resultados: Se evaluaron un total de 96 ancianos. El PG-SGA identificó 29,2% con desnutrición moderada o sospecha de la desnutrición y el 14,6% con desnutrición severa. De las personas mayores evaluados, el 47,9% necesitó una intervención nutricional crítico. Parámetros antropométricos y el consumo de energía y macronutrientes mostraron diferencias significativas en función de la clasificación subjetiva de la PG-SGA. Prevalencia de la desnutrición varió de 43,8% a 61,4%, en función del instrumento utilizado. El método más consistente con el diagnóstico de desnutrición proporcionada por el PG-SGA fue el índice de masa corporal (kappa = 0,54, IC: 0,347 hasta 0,648). Conclusiones: El PG-SGA mostró una correlación significativa con las mediciones antropométricas y con el consumo de alimentos tanto para la clasificación categórica, así como para el sistema de puntuación. El diagnóstico de la malnutrición mostró prevalencia variable en función del método, y ninguno era equivalente a la PG-SGA.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a deglutição de consistências e quantidades alimentares diferentes, com e sem comando verbal, por meio da videofluoroscopia da deglutição. MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e observacional em 40 indivíduos sadios e sem queixas de deglutição, realizado no período de janeiro a março de 2010. A média de idade dos indivíduos foi de 23 anos e 5 meses (DP±2,5), com idade mínima de 20 anos e máxima de 30 anos, sendo 87,5% (35/40) do gênero feminino. Realizou-se avaliação videofluoroscópica da deglutição com ingestão de bário nas consistências líquida, líquido-pastosa, pastosa e sólida. Durante a administração da consistência líquida, realizaram-se duas provas de deglutição, uma com e outra sem comando verbal. Foram analisados o local do início da fase faríngea da deglutição em diferentes estruturas, a perda prematura do alimento, o aumento do tempo de trânsito oral, a presença de deglutições múltiplas, a presença de estase alimentar e a presença de penetração e/ou aspiração laríngea nas duas situações. RESULTADOS: O início da fase faríngea ocorreu na base da língua e valéculas para a maioria das consistências e quantidades, com exceção da líquida (5 ml) cuja deglutição foi ativada em valéculas. Não houve influência do comando verbal para o local do início da fase faríngea da deglutição e presença de estase alimentar, entretanto o comando foi eficaz para a diminuição dos achados orofaríngeos. CONCLUSÃO: A fase faríngea da deglutição ocorreu em base de língua e valéculas. Houve influência do comando verbal na dinâmica da deglutição.

Purpose: To characterize the swallowing process of different food consistencies and quantities, with and without verbal commands, through videofluoroscopy. METHODS: Quantitative cross-sectional, observational study held in the period between January and March 2010 with 40 healthy subjects with no apparent signs of swallowing problems. Mean age was 23 years and 5 months (SD±2.5), with a minimum age of 20 years and a maximum of 30 years, and 87.5% of the subjects were female (35/40). A videofluoroscopy swallowing study (VFSS) was carried out with the ingestion of barium in the liquid, thick liquid, pureed and solid consistencies. Two swallowing tests were held during the administration of the liquid consistency, with and without verbal commands. The place of beginning of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing in different structures was analyzed, as well as the presence of premature spillage of food, delayed oral transit time, multiple swallowing, stasis, and laryngeal penetration and/or aspiration in both situations. RESULTS: The beginning of the pharyngeal phase took place in the base of the tongue and in the valleculae for most consistencies and quantities, with the exception of the liquid swallowing (5 ml), which started in the valleculae. There was no influence of the verbal command both in the place where the pharyngeal phase of swallowing started, and the presence of stasis of residue. However, the command was effective in reducing oropharyngeal findings. CONCLUSION: The pharyngeal phase of swallowing occurred in the base of the tongue and valleculae. The verbal commands influenced the dynamics of swallowing.

A captação de sintomáticos respiratórios (SR) é importante para a detecção precoce de tuberculose. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de SR em três regiões administrativas (RA) do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Para tanto, foi utilizada a técnica de amostragem por conglomerados (30 por 7) proposta pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Foram definidos como SR os indivíduos com 15 anos ou mais residentes nas RAs Estrutural, Itapoã ou Varjão e que apresentassem tosse há pelo menos 3 semanas na data da entrevista. A prevalência de SR em Estrutural e Varjão foi de 5,7% (IC95%: 2,4 a 9,0), e em Itapoã, de 4,8% (IC95%: 1,6 a 7,9), com efeito de desenho próximo de 1,0. Em Estrutural e Itapoã, menos anos de estudo, e em Itapoã e Varjão, menor renda, estiveram associados com ser SR. O tabagismo esteve associado com a presença de sintomas respiratórios em todas as RAs. A prevalência de SR está de acordo com aquela encontrada em outras áreas com perfil socioeconômico semelhante ao das áreas estudadas.

The identification of individuals with respiratory symptoms (RS) is important for the early detection of tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of RS in three administrative regions of the Federal District, Brazil. For this, we used the 30 by 7 cluster sampling technique proposed by the World Health Organization. Individuals with RS were defined as those aged 15 years or older living in the administrative regions of Estrutural, Itapoã, or Varjão and reporting a cough lasting at least 3 weeks at the date of the interview. The prevalence of RS was 5.7% in Estrutural and Varjão (95% CI: 2.4-9.0) and 4.8% in Itapoã (95%CI: 1.6-7.9), with a design effect close to 1.0. In Estrutural and Itapoã, fewer years of schooling, and in Itapoã and Varjão, lower income, were associated with RS. Cigarette smoking was associated with the presence of RS in all regions. The prevalence of RS in the three administrative regions investigated is consistent with that of other areas with a similar socioeconomic profile.

BACKGROUND: New criteria for the diagnosis and classification of chronic graft-versus-host disease were developed in 2005 for the purpose of clinical trials with a consensus sponsored by the National Institute of Health. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to present the results of a multicenter pilot study performed by the Brazil-Seattle chronic graft-versus-host disease consortium to determine the feasibility of using these criteria in five Brazilian centers. METHODS: The study was performed after translation of the consensus criteria into Portuguese and training. A total of 34 patients with National Institute of Health chronic graft-versus-host disease were enrolled in the pilot study between June 2006 and May 2009. RESULTS: Of the 34 patients, 26 (76%) met the criteria of overlap syndrome and eight (24%) the classic subcategory. The overall severity of disease was moderate in 21 (62%) and severe in 13 (38%) patients. The median time from transplant to onset of chronic graft-versus-host disease was 5.9 months (Range: 3 - 16 months); the median time for the overlap syndrome subcategory was 5.9 months (Range: 3 - 10 months) and for the classic subcategory, it was 7.3 months (Range: 3 - 16 months). At a median follow up of 16.5 months (Range: 4 - 39 months), overall survival was 75%. CONCLUSIONS: It was feasible to use the National Institute of Health consensus criteria for the diagnosis and scoring of chronic graft-versus-host disease in a Brazilian prospective multicenter study. More importantly, a collaborative hematopoietic cell transplantation network was established in Brazil offering new opportunities for future clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease and in other areas of research involving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

OBJETIVO: Classificar 50 estabelecimentos produtores de alimentos, da região de Brasília, Distrito Federal, de acordo com o cumprimento dos itens imprescindíveis do formulário publicado pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, a fim de avaliar as boas práticas da fabricação de alimentos. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo empreendeu-se metanálise de dois trabalhos monográficos sobre estabelecimentos comerciais produtores de alimentos (hotéis e restaurantes), associados a uma amostra pesquisada por esses autores, dividida em três blocos: restaurantes, unidades de alimentação e nutrição e hotéis, para comparação da adequação dos itens presentes nos formulários da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, os quais, de acordo com as normas estabelecidas pela Agência, analisavam os itens: edificação, equipamentos, manipuladores, fluxo de produção e disponibilidade do manual de boas práticas na produção de alimentos. Ainda de acordo com o estipulado pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, os estabelecimentos foram classificados em três grupos, segundo o cumprimento percentual dos itens imprescindíveis constantes do formulário: o grupo I, com mais de 70,0% de cumprimento dos itens; o grupo II, com 30,0% a 69,9% de cumprimento; e o grupo III, cumprindo menos de 30,0% dos itens imprescindíveis. RESULTADOS: As análises realizadas revelaram que todas as unidades hoteleiras foram classificadas no grupo II. Os restaurantes comerciais foram classificados no grupo II (33,3%) e no grupo III (66,7%). Do total de unidades de alimentação e nutrição avaliadas, 80,0% foram classificadas no grupo II e 20,0% no grupo I. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados demonstraram que as unidades de alimentação e nutrição foram mais bem classificadas nos itens equipamentos e existência do Manual de Boas Práticas. Os hotéis destacaram-se nos itens edificação, manipulação e fluxo de produção. Os restaurantes comerciais obtiveram o pior resultado quando comparados às demais unidades analisadas.

OBJECTIVE: Classify a sample of 50 food producing establishments located in the Federal District (Brasília, Brazil), according to their fulfillment of essential requisites contained in the sanitary regulation form published by the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária, Brazil's National Agency for Sanitary Regulation. METHODS: A metanalysis of two monographic studies on food production establishments (hotels and commercial restaurants) was performed, and associated to results of these authors' research evaluating ten Foodservice and Nutrition Units led by nutritionists, and five commercial restaurants. The procedures for good manufacturing were evaluated according to the norms of the mentioned Agency; to this effect, the Agency's specific forms were utilized to analyze the adequacy of requisites such as: construction, equipments, handling, production flow, and availability of the manual for good manufacturing procedures. Still according to the Agency's norms, the establishments were further classified into three groups, respective to their fulfillment of the essential requisite items and procedures as defined in the form: in group I, were those establishments fulfilling more than 70% of the requisites; group II, fulfilling 30 to 69.9% of them; and group III, fulfilling less than 30% of the essential items and procedures. RESULTS: According to the analyses, all the hotel foodservices were classified in group II, while the commercial restaurants were classified either in group II (33.3%) or in group III (66.7%). As for the Foodservice and Nutrition Units with a nutritionist, 80% were classified as group II, and 20%, as group I. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the Nutrition and Foodservice Units, which had nutritionists available, were better classified in requisites such as equipments and availability of a manual of good manufacturing procedures. The hotels revealed better conditions on items such as construction, manipulation and production flow. The commercial restaurants obtained the worst results when compared to the other food production services.

As profundas transformações nos métodos e tecnologias de trabalho têm gerado mudanças no processo de produção de refeições. A ficha técnica de preparação foi objeto de uma análise, na perspectiva de discuti-la como instrumento de qualidade na produção de refeições. Foram utilizadas bases de dados, livros e formas eletrônicas de artigos para a pesquisa bibliográfica. A compreensão de que o nutricionista, na condição de profissional de saúde, possui como atribuição a atenção dietética, e de que esta deve estar associada à racionalização e à otimização do processo de produção de refeição, seguindo princípios dietéticos, faz com que a Ficha Técnica de Preparo seja um instrumento de promoção à saúde. Sua construção como ferramenta de atenção dietética é, portanto, um dos desafios com vistas à necessária mudança de atitude dos profissionais, no que tange ao aprendizado e à aplicação de novas tecnologias, e ao fornecimento de alimento seguro.

The methods and techniques major changes has stimulated the good manufacturing process studies. The manufacturing technical card has been analyzed as a meal manufacturing process quality instrument, and bibliographic studies, such as database, books and articles were the theoretical instruments. The nutritionist responsibility for the diet attention as a health professional member, attempting to the diet procedures to the meal manufacturing process makes, the Manufacturing Technical Card an instrument to the health promotion. Thus, the Manufacturing Technical Card can be a dietetic practice and management issue.

ESTE artigo trata da participação política da mulher, no quadro das transformações trazidas pela Revolução de 1930 e, sobretudo, pela perspectiva da eleição da Assembléia Nacional Constituinte, em 1934. Situado no campo da chamada microhistória, a análise está baseada nos resultados de uma enquete, realizada pelo Diario de Pernambuco, no início de 1933. Dezenove mulheres de classe média e da elite urbanas de Pernambuco, Paraíba e Alagoas, e duas associações femininas foram ouvidas pelo jornal, a propósito do momento político, das tarefas da futura Constituinte, do papel político e do lugar que julgavam dever ser o da mulher no processo de transformação vivenciado no Brasil, naquele período. Este importante e pouco conhecido material foi tratado com o objetivo da fazer falar as depoentes de então, embora trazendo o aporte histórico que as situa e as contextualiza.

this article analyzes the political participation of women, in the set of deep changes brought by the Revolution of 1930 and, especially, by the perspective of the elections to the National Constitutional Assembly in 1934. This analysis, of the so-called micro-history style, is based on the results of a research conducted by the daily newspaper Diário de Pernambuco, in the beginning of 1933. Nineteen middle and upper class women of Pernambuco, Paraíba e Alagoas, as well as two women's associations, were interviewed on the political momentum, the task of the future Assembly, the political role and the space they believed women should occupy in the changing Brazilian scene of the 30's. This important, and widely unknown, material was studied with the purpose of enabling the original interviewees to speak up their minds, given the due consideration of their context.