Zr-Si-N thin films were co-deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering to verify the influence of silicon content (1.6 and 8.0 at. % Si) and substrate temperature (room temperature and heated to 973 K) on structure, morphology, chemical bonds and hardness. GAXRD shows a change in grain orientation from (111) to (200) due substrate heating for sample Zr0.984Si0.016N, furthermore, it was not possible to identify any silicon compounds in all deposited samples. SEM-FEG images show greater roughness and surface clusters for sample Zr0.920Si0.080N due to the heat applied on the substrate, with Si3N4 decomposition, influencing thin film hardness. XPS analyses of Si 2p photoelectronic region shows only Si3N4 presence in all samples, proving, in conjunction with other characterization results, the non-formation of substitutional or interstitial solid solution, regardless of substrate heating or silicon content added to ZrN matrix. ZrSiN Zr N codeposited co 1.6 16 1 6 (1. 80 8 0 8. at room 97 K structure morphology hardness 111 (111 200 (200 Zr0984Si0016N Zr0 984Si0 016N Zr0.984Si0.016N furthermore samples SEMFEG SEM FEG Zr0920Si0080N 920Si0 080N SiN Si3N decomposition p proving results nonformation non formation solution matrix 1. (1 9 11 (11 20 (20 984Si 920Si ( 2 (2

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a epidemiologia da presença de ácaros hematófagos em granjas de postura no estado de Minas Gerais. Foi utilizado um banco de dados secundário, com informações de 402 galpões de 42 propriedades comerciais. As variáveis utilizadas para compor o modelo de correspondência foram selecionadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado (P≤0,05). Foi construído um índice para a presença de ácaros hematófagos, considerando alguns fatores de risco. Além disso, um estudo da análise espacial foi realizado para avaliar a presença de ácaros hematófagos em Minas Gerais. Observou-se a presença de ácaros hematófagos em 48% dos galpões, sendo a de O. sylviarum de 45,5%, O. bursa de 17,4% e D. gallinae de 2,7%. Houve associação entre o índice de risco com os intervalos de remoção de fezes e com a presença ou a ausência de aves sinantrópicas. Verificou-se que granjas mais tecnificadas não utilizam acaricida em seus galpões. A presença de ácaros hematófagos foi observada na mesorregião Sul/Sudoeste de Minas Gerais e entre as mesorregiões Oeste de Minas e Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Esses resultados fornecem conhecimento sobre a epidemiologia desses ectoparasitos e podem contribuir na tomada de decisões, reduzindo os riscos de possíveis infestações em aves de postura.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology of the presence of hematophagous mites in posture farms in the state of Minas Gerais. Was used a secondary database with information from 402 chicken houses in 42 commercial properties. The variables used to compose the correspondence model were selected through chi-square tests (P≤0.05). A risk index was built to the presence of hematophagous mites considering some risk factors. Additionally, a study of the spatial analysis was done to evaluate the presence of hematophagous mites in Minas Gerais. Was observed the presence of hematophagous mites in 48% of chicken houses, the presence of O. sylviarum was 45.5%, O. bursa 17.4% and D. gallinae 2.7%. There was an association between the risk index with the intervals for the removal of manure and the presence or absence of synanthropic birds. It was verified that more technified farms do not use acaricide in their chicken houses. The presence of hematophagous mites was observed in the Messoregions South/Southwest of Minas Gerais and between the West and Metropolitan Mesoregion of Belo Horizonte. These results provide knowledge about the epidemiology of these ectoparasites and may contribute to decision making by reducing the risks of possible infestations in poultry.

RESUMO Objetivou-se conhecer o perfil epidemiológico do paciente que buscou atendimento antirrábico pós-exposição associado a acidentes com gatos domésticos, em Belo Horizonte/MG, no período de 2007 a 2016. Realizou-se uma análise exploratória das fichas de notificação do atendimento antirrábico humano do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificações (Sinan). Nos resultados, observou-se que 37,4% das pessoas eram adultas do gênero feminino, com idade entre 20 e 59 anos, 88,7% residentes em área urbana, 26,1% de etnia branca e apenas 31,7% dos pacientes buscaram atendimento antirrábico com até 24 horas da exposição ao vírus rábico. Lesões por mordedura ocorreram em 75,6% dos casos notificados. Quanto às características dos ferimentos, 59,6% foram superficiais, 62,2% ocorreram em mãos/pés e 50,1% foram lesões únicas. Na faixa etária de zero a 10 anos, as regiões anatômicas mãos/pés e cabeça/pescoço/face totalizaram 58,35%. Ressalta-se a necessidade de adoção de ações socioeducativas junto à população, devido ao risco de transmissão de raiva pelo gato, principalmente em áreas em que o vírus rábico circula em populações de morcegos. Sugerem-se melhorias no preenchimento das fichas de notificação do Sinan para melhor compreender o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes que buscam o atendimento antirrábico e, assim, tornar mais eficaz a gestão desse serviço público.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to know the epidemiological profile of the patient who sought post-exposure anti-rabies treatment associated with accidents with domestic cats in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil, from 2007 to 2016. An exploratory analysis of the reports on human rabies of the Notification of Injury Information System was performed. In the results, it was observed that 37.4% of the individuals were female adults aged 20-59 years, 88.7% were urban residents, 26.1% were white, and only 31.7% sought anti-rabies care within 24 hours of exposure to the rabies virus. Bite lesions occurred in 75.6%. Regarding the type of wound, 59.6% were superficial; as for the anatomical location, 62.2% occurred in hands / feet and 50.1% were single lesions. It is necessary to adopt socio-educational actions among the population, due to the risk of transmission of the rabies by the cat, especially in areas where the rabies virus circulates in bat populations. Improvements in the completion of the SINAN notification sheets are suggested to better understand the epidemiological profile of patients seeking anti-rabies treatment and thus improve the management of this public service.

Apolipoprotein E (APOE=gene, apoE=protein) is a known factor regulating the inflammatory response that may have regenerative effects during tissue recovery from injury. We investigated whether apoE deficiency reduces the healing effect of alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) treatment, a recognized gut-trophic nutrient, during tissue recovery after 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. APOE-knockout (APOE-/-) and wild-type (APOE+/+) C57BL6J male and female mice (N=86) were given either Ala-Gln (100 mM) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) by gavage 3 days before and 5 days after a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) challenge (450 mg/kg, via intraperitoneal injection). Mouse body weight was monitored daily. The 5-FU cytotoxic effect was evaluated by leukometry. Intestinal villus height, villus/crypt ratio, and villin expression were monitored to assess recovery of the intestinal absorptive surface area. Crypt length, mitotic, apoptotic, and necrotic crypt indexes, and quantitative real-time PCR for insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) intestinal mRNA transcripts were used to evaluate intestinal epithelial cell turnover. 5-FU challenge caused significant weight loss and leukopenia (P<0.001) in both mouse strains, which was not improved by Ala-Gln. Villus blunting, crypt hyperplasia, and reduced villus/crypt ratio (P<0.05) were found in all 5-FU-challenged mice but not in PBS controls. Ala-Gln improved villus/crypt ratio, crypt length and mitotic index in all challenged mice, compared with PBS controls. Ala-Gln improved villus height only in APOE-/- mice. Crypt cell apoptosis and necrotic scores were increased in all mice challenged by 5-FU, compared with untreated controls. Those scores were significantly lower in Ala-Gln-treated APOE+/+ mice than in controls. Bcl-2 and IGF-1 mRNA transcripts were reduced only in the APOE-/--challenged mice. Altogether our findings suggest APOE-independent Ala-Gln regenerative effects after 5-FU challenge.

Antiviral therapies are associated with an increased risk of acute rejection in transplant patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lamivudine therapy for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in renal transplant patients. Six patients were included in this study. They received 150 mg/day of lamivudine during a follow-up period of 24 months. The laboratory tests monitored were HBV DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg, ALT, gamma-GT, serum creatinine and blood cyclosporine levels. The HBV DNA became undetectable in four patients as early as in the third month of treatment. After six months, the viral load was also negative in the other two patients, and remained so until 18 months of follow-up. The medication was well tolerated with no major side effects. Lamivudine was safe and effective in blocking HBV replication in renal transplant patients without any apparent increase in the risk of graft failure for the 24-month period of study.

OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as causas e o prognóstico de pacientes idosos (>70 anos de idade) com IRA tratados em nosso Serviço. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Dos 361 pacientes adultos e portadores de IRA, atendidos em nosso serviço no período de janeiro/95 a dezembro/96, acompanhamos 130 pacientes (36%) com idade superior a 70 anos (média de 76,0 ± 4,7 anos, variando de 70 a 94 anos). Destes, 84 (65%) eram do sexo masculino e 66 (51%) estavam no pós-operatório de cirurgias diversas. Os dados foram obtidos através de formulários padronizados usados no Serviço. RESULTADOS: As causas mais freqüentes foram: isquêmicas 48 (38%), sepsis 40 (31%), nefrotóxicas 46 (35%) e obstrutivas 10 (7,7%); em outros 14 (11%) foram diagnosticados mais de um agente causal. IRA não-oligúrica ocorreu em 81 pacientes (62,8%) e em 50 pacientes (39%) houve necessidade de diálise. A mortalidade na população com idade abaixo de 70 anos foi 43% e nos idosos 53,1%, não havendo diferença estatística entre os grupos (p=0,085). A mortalidade foi maior (p<0,0001) nos pacientes idosos oligúricos (86%) do que nos idosos não-oligúricos (32%); maior em casos de IRA cirúrgica (66,7%) do que em IRA de origem médica (41,8%), e em pacientes internados em UTI (69%) do que nos internados em enfermaria (17%). O número de óbitos também foi maior (p<0,0001) no grupo que necessitou de diálise (84%) do que nos não dialisados (33%). CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que o percentual de pacientes idosos com IRA é elevado; apresentaram mortalidade ao redor de 50%, não superior ao observado na população mais jovem; oligúria, cirurgia, necessidade de tratamento em UTI e necessidade de diálise foram fatores de prognóstico desfavorável nesta casuística.

The prolonged life span of populations is the obvious reason for an increasing proportion of elderly patients with acute renal failure (ARF). The role of age as a factor indicative of a poor prognosis is a matter of controversy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate this role we have analyzed the final outcome of elderly patients with ARF treated in our Nephrology Service. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Among 361 ARF cases prospectively studied during a two-year period (January 1995 to December 1996), 130 (36%) occurred in patients over 70 years of age. Etiology, clinical course and prognosis were analyzed. The average age was 76.0 ± 4.7 years, varying from 70 to 94 years; 84 patients (65%) were male, and surgical causes accounted for 51% of geriatric ARF. RESULTS: The most frequent causes were: ischemic (volume depletion, arterial hypotension, and/or low cardiac output) in 48 patients (38%), sepsis in 40 (312%), nephrotoxic drugs in 46 (35%) and obstructive abnormalities in 10 (7.7%); in other 14 (11%) they were diagnosed more than a causal agent. Oliguria was present in 37.2% (81 patients), and dialysis was needed in 50 patients (39%). The mortality in the population with age below 70 years was 43% and in the elderly patients was 53.8%; total mortality was similar in both groups of patients (p=0.085). Oliguria, need for dialysis, presence of surgical causes of ARF, and ARF acquired within the intensive care unit were associated with poor prognosis in elderly group. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the percentile of elderly patients with ARF is elevated; they presented mortality about of 50%, and this is not superior to the observed in the youngest population; oliguria, dialysis need, ICU cares and surgery are factors of unfavorable prognostic in these patients.