The use of materials such as organofunctionalized silica for application in solid phase extraction (SPE) allows the preconcentration of several ions, including Pt, and subsequent detection. This work aims to synthesize and characterize an organofunctionalized silica (Sil-TMSDT) with the silylant N’(trimethoxysilyl)propylethylenetriamine and its application as a solid phase in the preconcentration Pt4+ ions in aqueous media, using detection by flame atomization atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the aminofunctionalization of the silica. For the adsorption process, a preconcentration mini-column with 200 mg of Sil-TMSDT, a solution of 0.485 mg L−1 of K2[PtCl6] at pH 10 and HNO3 0.5 mol L−1 as eluent were used, obtaining an enrichment factor of 15-fold with retention efficiency higher than 99%. The Pt4+ ion determined by FAAS showed a linear response between 0.02 and 0.40 mg L−1; a linear coefficient where R = 0.9981; a 16-fold preconcentration factor; a limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.045 and 0.014 mg L−1, respectively. The proposal system showed analytical applicability to determining Pt4+ ion in an aqueous medium and could be used to detect traces of this potentially toxic metal in biological fluids such as urine and blood. SPE (SPE Pt SilTMSDT Sil TMSDT (Sil-TMSDT Ntrimethoxysilylpropylethylenetriamine N trimethoxysilyl propylethylenetriamine Pt4 media FAAS. . (FAAS) Fouriertransform Fourier transform FTIR (FTIR SEM (SEM energydispersive energy dispersive EDS (EDS process minicolumn mini column 20 SilTMSDT, TMSDT, Sil-TMSDT 0485 0 485 0.48 L1 L 1 L− K2PtCl6 KPtCl K2 PtCl6 K PtCl K2[PtCl6 HNO 05 5 0. 15fold fold 15 99 99% 002 02 0.0 040 40 0.4 0.9981 09981 9981 16fold 16 LOQ (LOQ LOD (LOD 0045 045 0.04 0014 014 0.01 respectively blood (FAAS 2 048 48 K2PtCl K2[PtCl 9 00 04 4 0.998 0998 998 004 001 01 0.99 099 0.9 09

Abstract Objective To compare the effectiveness of inhaled Magnesium Sulfate associated with Salbutamol versus Inhaled Salbutamol alone in patients with moderate and severe asthma exacerbations. Method Clinical, prospective and randomized study with patients between 3 and 14 years of age divided into two groups: one to receive inhaled salbutamol associated with magnesium sulfate (GSM), the other to receive inhaled salbutamol alone (GS). The sample consisted of 40 patients, 20 patients in each group. Severity was classified using the modified Wood-Downes score, with values between 4 and 7 classified as moderate and 8 or more classified as severe. Results Post-inhalation scores decreased both in patients who received salbutamol and magnesium and in those who received salbutamol alone, with no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions Despite the benefits when administered intravenously, inhalation of the drug alone or in combination did not reduce the severity of the exacerbation. exacerbations Clinical 1 groups GSM, GSM , (GSM) GS. GS . (GS) 2 group WoodDownes Wood Downes score Postinhalation Post intravenously exacerbation (GSM (GS

ABSTRACT Salt stress hampers the growth and physiology of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), due to biochemical, physiological, and anatomical disruptions. The application of salicylic acid stands as an alternative to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress, but studies on nasturtium are scarce. Thus, the aim of present study was to assess the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on nasturtium cultivated under salt stress. The experiment followed a completely randomized design in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with 0 (no stress), 50 (moderate salt stress), and 100 (severe salt stress) mM of NaCl, and application of 0, 0.5, and 1 mM of salicylic acid, each with six replications. Growth (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves), gas exchange (stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic carboxylation efficiency), as well as chlorophyll indices and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated. Salt stress affected the variables analyzed in this study. The application of salicylic acid had a positive effect on mitigating the effects of severe salt stress, resulting in a significant increase in the number of leaves. The most effective dose was 1 mM, also leading to notable improvements in water use efficiency and photochemical efficiency. However, other combinations of salinity and salicylic acid reduced growth and gas exchange in nasturtium plants. Tropaeolum majus, majus , majus) biochemical physiological disruptions scarce Thus scheme no 5 moderate 10 NaCl 05 0.5 replications plant height diameter leaves, leaves leaves) stomatal conductance photosynthesis transpiration CO concentration efficiency) evaluated However plants 0.

RESUMO O estresse salino limita o crescimento e a fisiologia da capuchinha (Tropaeolum majus), devido a distúrbios bioquímicos, fisiológicos e anatômicos. A aplicação de ácido salicílico é uma alternativa para mitigar os efeitos prejudiciais do estresse salino, no entanto, em capuchinha os estudos são escassos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de ácido salicílico via foliar em capuchinha cultivada sob estresse salino. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3, referente a 0 (sem estresse) 50 (estresse salino moderado) e 100 (estresse salino severo) mM de NaCl e aplicação de 0, 0,5 e 1 mM de ácido salicílico, com seis repetições. O crescimento (altura de planta, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas), trocas gasosas (condutância estomática, fotossíntese, transpiração, concentração interna de CO2, eficiência intrínseca do uso da água, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência intrínseca de carboxilação) e os índices de clorofila e fluorescência da clorofila a foram avaliados. O estresse salino afetou as variáveis analisadas neste estudo. A aplicação de ácido salicílico teve um efeito positivo na mitigação dos efeitos do estresse salino severo, resultando em um aumento significativo no número de folhas, sendo a dose mais eficaz a concentração de 1 mM, levando ainda, a melhorias notáveis na eficiência no uso da água e na eficiência fotoquímica. No entanto, as demais combinações de salinidade e ácido salicílico reduziram o crescimento e as trocas gasosas nas plantas de capuchinha. Tropaeolum majus, majus , majus) bioquímicos anatômicos entanto escassos Assim objetivouse objetivou se casualizado sem 5 moderado 10 severo 05 repetições altura planta folhas folhas) condutância estomática fotossíntese transpiração CO2 CO carboxilação avaliados estudo ainda fotoquímica

ABSTRACT Soil pH and base saturation are important parameters for evaluating the effects of acidity on plant growth. However, the relationship between soil pH and base saturation (V%) has been poorly studied in Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) on this relationship for soils of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, using a database consisting of 30,244 analyses of soils collected from 0–0.2- and 0.2–0.4-m depths. The CEC at pH 7 of analyzed soils varied from 3.4 to 40.5 cmolc·dm-3 and were grouped into four classes (< 6, 6–10, 10–20, and > 20 cmolc·dm-3) for each soil layer. The V% versus pH relationship was CEC dependent for both soil layers. For 0–0.2 m, V% was directly related to CEC (< 6, 6–10, 10–20, and > 20 cmolc·dm-3) and reached 50, 55, 60, and 74% at pH 5 and 66, 73, 81, and 88% at pH 6, respectively. Predicting V% in relation to pH was also affected by CEC, with a decrease in the correlation of p = 0.82 for CEC < 6 cmolc·dm-3 to p = 0.64 for CEC > 20 cmolc·dm-3. The decrease in this correlation was related to low clay content (17%) of soils with CEC < 6 cmolc·dm-3, which provided low buffering capacity. For soils with CEC > 20 cmolc·dm-3 and higher clay content (45%), greater buffering capacity was observed associated with kaolinite. Findings suggest that CEC should be considered to understand the relationship between V% and pH CaCl2. growth However V (V% Brazil (CEC Sul 30244 30 244 30,24 002 0 2 0.2–0.4m 0204m m 0.2–0.4 4 depths 34 3 3. 405 40 40. cmolc·dm3 cmolcdm3 cmolcdm cmolc·dm cmolc dm cmolc·dm- ( 610 10 6–10 1020 10–20 layer layers 0–0. 50 55 60 74 66 73 81 88 respectively 082 82 0.8 064 64 0.6 cmolc·dm3. 17% 17 (17% cmolc·dm3, 3, 45%, 45 45% , (45%) kaolinite CaCl2 CaCl (V 3024 24 30,2 00 4m 0204 0.2–0. dm3 61 1 6–1 102 10–2 0–0 8 08 0. 06 (17 (45% 302 30, 020 0.2–0 6– 10– 0– (1 (45 02 0.2– (4 0.2

ABSTRACT Biological soil crusts (BSC) are commonly found in soils in the drylands regions, which can influence stabilization, water retention, nutrient cycling (particularly carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics), and several ecological processes. However, the composition of BSC in Brazilian soils undergoing the desertification process remains poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the bacterial community in BSC formed in a Brazilian semiarid region under the desertification process. Thus, a highly desertified region was selected from which 34 BSC samples were collected. The total DNA of the BSC was extracted from 0.5 g samples, and the bacterial community was sequenced by a Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) platform (Miseq – Illumina®) using universal primers (515F and 806R). Bioinformatic analysis was carried out in QIIME (v.1.9), and the Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU) table was constructed following the Sumaclust methodology. The pH of BSC, C, N, and phosphorus contents was analyzed. Our study identified a diverse bacterial community in the BSCs. Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Proteobacteria phyla presented the greatest relative abundance (%) across the samples. Cyanobacteria were dominated by the orders Nostocales and Leptolyngbyales. The prediction of the putative functions found that mostf OTU were related to phototrophy, photosynthetic cyanobacteria, and photoautotrophy. The study found correlations between bacterial phyla and BSC properties, with Cyanobacteria positively related to C. Chloroflexi, Armatimonadetes, and WPS-2 were negatively correlated with C and N contents. These results suggest the critical roles bacteria communities play in BSCs from the Caatinga biome and highlight the potential impact of environmental factors on their diversity and functions. (BSC regions stabilization retention particularly (C (N dynamics, dynamics , dynamics) processes However understood Thus 3 collected 05 0 5 0. NGS (NGS Miseq Illumina® Illumina 515F F 806R. 806R R . 806R) v.1.9, v19 v v.1.9 1 9 (v.1.9) (OTU methodology analyzed Chloroflexi % (% Leptolyngbyales phototrophy cyanobacteria photoautotrophy properties Armatimonadetes WPS2 WPS 2 WPS- v1 v.1. (v.1.9 ( v.1 (v.1. v. (v.1 (v. (v

Abstract Reproductive control is one of the biggest challenges in tilapia production and triploidy was developed as an alternative to sterilization. In general, polyploids present chromosomal instability but for triploid Nile tilapia it has yet to be reported. This study evaluated the chromosomal instability from juveniles to adulthood, growth performance and gonadal status of tilapia hatched from eggs submitted or not to heat shock for triploid induction. Nile tilapia oocytes were fertilized (1,476 oocytes), half of the eggs were subjected to a four-minute shock in 41 °C water four minutes after fertilization and the other half were not (Control group). The eggs were incubated (at 27°C) and 160 larvae from the treated group hatched and survived after yolk sac absorption. The determination of ploidy was performed by flow cytometry at 85th (juveniles) and 301st (adults) days of age post yolk sac absorption. At the time of the first cytometry analysis there were 73 surviving juveniles from the treated group, and only 14 were confirmed triploid. However, at the analysis of adult ploidy, one out of 8 surviving adult tilapias from the 14 confirmed triploid juveniles remained triploid. Gonadal histology showed that the non-remaining triploids continued to produce gametes. The growth performance of triploid tilapia was initially superior to that of diploid tilapia during the juvenile phase, but similar in adults. Once the chromosome sets are lost and the tilapias become diploid again, at least in tissues with a high proliferation rate, such as the hematopoietic tissue that was analyzed (and possibly in gonads), all possible advantages of triploids are probably lost. Thus, our results suggest that, due to genomic instabilities, the triploid generation of tilapia has low efficiency. sterilization general reported adulthood induction 1,476 1476 1 476 (1,47 oocytes, , oocytes) fourminute minute 4 C Control group. . group) 27°C 27C 27 16 absorption th (juveniles st adults (adults 7 However nonremaining non remaining gametes phase again rate gonads, gonads gonads) Thus instabilities efficiency 1,47 147 47 (1,4 2 1,4 (1, 1, (1 (

RESUMO. Apesar do crescente conhecimento nos últimos anos, pouca atenção tem sido direcionada aos aspectos neuropsicológicos e à prevalência de declínio cognitivo associado à Síndrome de Vasoconstrição Cerebral Reversível (SVCR). Objetivo: Descrever a frequência e expandir o entendimento da disfunção cognitiva associada à SVCR. Métodos: A avaliação neuropsicológica foi realizada por meio de uma bateria composta de instrumentos neuropsicológicos específicos, que foram aplicados aos pacientes com SVCR. Uma triagem foi realizada para excluir outras potenciais causas de declínio cognitivo. O desempenho nos testes foi considerado como variável categórica, e o corte de −1,5 escore z foi adotado para indicar desempenho comprometido. Resultados: Sete pacientes com diagnóstico de SVCR foram avaliados, os quais tinham todos nível de ensino superior e pontuação normal no Miniexame do Estado Mental. A média de tempo entre o diagnóstico e a avaliação neuropsicológica foi de 1,8 ano. Dentre os pacientes, 85,6%(n=6) apresentaram desempenho comprometido em pelo menos dois dos testes aplicados. Especificamente, 71,4% (n=5) apresentaram alterações nos testes da Bateria Psicológica para Avaliação da Atenção, com comprometimento observado nas atenções concentrada (n=1), dividida (n=3), ou alternada (n=4). Além disso, 28,6% (n=2) demonstraram comprometimento na Fluência Verbal Fonológica, 28,6% (n=2) exibiram dificuldades na cópia da Figura Complexa de Rey e um paciente obteve desempenho alterado no Teste dos Cinco Dígitos, todos indicando disfunção executiva. Conclusão: Este estudo fornece evidência de que o declínio cognitivo associado à SVCR é mais prevalente do que se acreditava anteriormente. Especialmente, os domínios mais significativamente comprometidos foram a atenção e as funções executivas. RESUMO anos . (SVCR) Objetivo Métodos específicos categórica 15 1 5 −1, Resultados avaliados Mental 18 8 1, ano 85,6%n=6 856n6 n 85,6% n=6 85 6 85,6%(n=6 Especificamente 714 71 4 71,4 n=5 n5 (n=5 Atenção n=1, n1 n=1 , (n=1) n=3, n3 n=3 3 (n=3) n=4. n4 n=4 (n=4) disso 286 28 28,6 n=2 n2 2 (n=2 Fonológica Dígitos executiva Conclusão anteriormente Especialmente executivas (SVCR −1 85,6%n= 856n 856 85,6 n6 n= 85,6%(n= 7 71, (n= (n=1 (n=3 (n=4 28, − 85,6%n 85, 85,6%(n (n

ABSTRACT. Despite the increasing knowledge in the past years, only minimal attention has been directed to the neuropsychological aspects and the prevalence of cognitive impairment associated with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Objective: To describe the frequency and expand the understanding of cognitive dysfunction in RCVS. Methods: The neuropsychological evaluation was performed using a battery consisting of specific neuropsychological instruments that were administered to patients diagnosed with RCVS. A triage was conducted to exclude other potential causes of cognitive impairment. Performance on the tests was treated as a categorical variable, and a cutoff of −1.5 Z-score was adopted to indicate impaired performance. Results: Seven patients diagnosed with RCVS were evaluated, all of whom had a bachelor's degree and normal score in the Mini-Mental State Examination. The average time between diagnosis and neuropsychological evaluation was 1.8 years. Among the patients, 85.6% (n=6) exhibited performance below that of the normal population in at least two of the administered tests. Specifically, 71.4% (n=5) showed alterations in tests from the Psychological Battery for Attention Assessment, with impairment observed in concentrated (n=1), divided (n=3), or alternating (n=4) attention. Furthermore, 28.6% (n=2) demonstrated impairments in the Phonological Verbal Fluency Task, another 28.6% (n=2) exhibited difficulties copying elements of the Rey Complex Figure, and 14.3% (n=1) displayed lower performance in the Five-Digit test, all indicating executive dysfunction. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that cognitive impairment associated with RCVS is more prevalent than previously believed and has not received sufficient attention. Specifically, attention and executive functions are the cognitive domains most significantly impacted by RCVS. ABSTRACT years . (RCVS) Objective Methods variable 15 1 5 −1. Zscore Z Results evaluated bachelors bachelor s MiniMental Mini Mental Examination 18 8 1. 856 85 6 85.6 n=6 n6 n (n=6 Specifically 714 71 4 71.4 n=5 n5 (n=5 Assessment n=1, n1 n=1 , n=3, n3 n=3 3 (n=3) n=4 n4 (n=4 Furthermore 286 28 28.6 n=2 n2 2 (n=2 Task Figure 143 14 14.3 (n=1 FiveDigit Five Digit test Conclusion (RCVS −1 85. n= (n= 7 71. (n=3 28. 14. − (n

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar o momento ótimo para substituição de um Harvester utilizado na colheita florestal, comparando diferentes métodos econômicos. A máquina florestal utilizada foi o Harvester John Deere modelo 1270D, com cabeçote modelo 270. O custo da máquina por hora trabalhada foi calculado pela soma dos custos fixos com os custos variáveis. Os métodos utilizados para determinação da substituição ótima da máquina foram o Custo Médio Total (CMT) e o Custo Anual Equivalente (CAE), que consideram funções discretas e o Ciclo Terminal e Cadeia de Substituição Constante, que consideram funções contínuas. Os quatro métodos utilizados diferiram entre si na indicação do momento ótimo de substituição do Harvester. O CMT, apesar de ser um método simples e conhecido, não conduziu a um resultado adequado (2 anos), pois, a substituição de uma máquina florestal é usualmente feita com um período maior de uso, com as atuais rotinas de manutenção preventivas e preditivas. Tal divergência é justificada devido aos elevados valores de aquisição e de custo operacional, além do método não considerar a variação do capital no tempo (a taxa de juros) e as receitas ou a produção do Harvester, o que impacta drasticamente a análise. O CAE, por utilizar a taxa de desconto, foi mais eficiente que o CMT e forneceu um resultado mais coerente com a realidade do setor florestal, sendo 6 anos. Além disso, é o método mais difundido nos estudos de substituição de máquinas e equipamentos, por ser simples, de fácil aplicação e eficiente. Já o método da Cadeia de Substituição forneceu um momento ótimo de substituição entre 7 e 8 anos, também coerente com a realidade das empresas do setor florestal que praticam a atividade de colheita florestal por um longo período. Portanto, este método pode ser considerado na tomada de decisão, por considerar as variáveis de custo e receita da máquina. A determinação da vida útil de uma máquina utilizada na colheita florestal, do ponto de vista econômico, ou o período em que ela executa suas atividades com menor custo operacional está diretamente relacionada com seu menor custo de produção, e no presente estudo, os métodos mais adequados para determinar o momento ótimo de substituição do Harvester foram o CAE e o método da Cadeia de Substituição. econômicos 1270D D 270 (CMT , (CAE) Constante contínuas conhecido 2 ( anos anos) pois uso preditivas juros análise desconto disso equipamentos Portanto decisão econômico estudo 27 (CAE

ABSTRACT This research sought to identify the ideal timeframe for replacing a Harvester, used in forest harvesting, employing a comparative evaluation of different economic methods. A John Deere 1270D harvester, equipped with a 270-model head was utilized in this study. The machine’s cost per hour worked was calculated by adding fixed costs with variable costs. The methods used to determine the machine’s optimal replacement time were: the Total Average Cost (TAC) and the Equivalent Annual Cost (EAC), which consider discrete functions, and the Terminal Cycle and Constant Chain Replacement, which consider continuous functions. The four methods differed in their indication of the optimal replacement time for the harvester. Although the TAC is a simple and well-known method, it did not yield an adequate result (2 years). This is because replacing a forest machine usually occurs over a longer period of use, with current preventive and predictive maintenance routines. This discrepancy arises from the high acquisition and operational costs, as well as the method’s failure to account for the variation of capital over time (interest rate) and the revenues or production of the harvester, which significantly affects the analysis. Utilizing the discount rate, the EAC proved to be more efficient than the TAC, yielding a result that is more aligned with the reality of the forest sector (6 years). Furthermore, it is the most widespread method in machine and equipment replacement studies due to its simplicity, ease of application, and efficiency. The Chain Replacement method provided an optimal replacement time between 7 and 8 years, also consistent with the reality of companies in the forest sector engaged in forest harvesting for an extended period. Therefore, this method can be considered in decision-making as it takes into account the cost and revenue variables of the machine. Determining the useful life of a machine used in forest harvesting from an economic perspective, or the period in which it performs its activities with the lowest operational cost, is directly related to its lowest production cost. In the present study, the most suitable methods to determine the optimal replacement time for the harvester were the EAC and the Chain Replacement method. Harvester D 270model model 270 study machines s (TAC EAC, , (EAC) functions wellknown known 2 ( years. years . years) use routines interest rate analysis 6 Furthermore simplicity application efficiency Therefore decisionmaking decision making perspective 27 (EAC

Abstract Plants synthesize secondary metabolites as a means of survival and competition. These metabolites are a potential source of natural antioxidants that may promote activity, favoring the control of cellular damage caused by oxidative stress. The Annonaceae family occurs in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The medicinal benefits of plants from this family are caused by secondary metabolites present in these species. Thus, this study aimed to determine the total phenolic content, evaluate the antioxidant potential, and in vitro cytotoxicity of the leaf ethanolic extract from Ephedrantus amazonicus R. E. Fries. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH methods, respectively. The assays were adapted for 96-well microplates, with absorbance reading at λ = 630 and 517 nm, respectively, using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed using fibroblasts (L929 cell line). The MS/MS analyses were performed through direct infusion using a LCQ Fleet mass spectrometer equipped with APCI font and ion trap analyzer, in the positive and negative mode. A molecular network was created using the online workflow on the GNPS website (http://gnps.ucsd.edu). The phenolic content at 400μg was 25.24 ± 0.98μg.GAE/g, while the antioxidant activity showed an EC50 of 13.37±2.63 μg.mL-1. Dereplication led to the annotation of three flavonoids that may contribute to the observed antioxidant activity. The extract showed low cytotoxicity at the highest tested concentration (> 500μM). The results demonstrate that the extract from Ephedrantus amazonicus R.E. Fries leaves is a promising source of natural antioxidants. competition stress worldwide species Thus R E FolinCiocalteu Folin Ciocalteu methods respectively 96well well 96 microplates 63 51 nm UVVis UV Vis spectrophotometer L929 L (L92 line. line . line) MSMS MS analyzer mode http//gnps.ucsd.edu. httpgnpsucsdedu http //gnps.ucsd.edu gnps ucsd edu (http://gnps.ucsd.edu) μg 2524 25 24 25.2 098μgGAEg μgGAEg 0 98μg GAE g 0.98μg.GAE/g EC EC5 1337263 13 37 2 13.37±2.6 μg.mL1. μgmL1 μgmL μg.mL 1. mL 1 μg.mL-1 > ( 500μM. 500μM μM 500μM) RE R.E 9 6 5 L92 (L9 http//gnps.ucsd.edu gnpsucsdedu (http://gnps.ucsd.edu 252 25. 133726 3 13.37±2. mL1 μg.mL1 μg.mL- L9 (L 13372 13.37±2 1337 13.37± 133 13.37 13.3 13.

Abstract Over the last three decades, stroke care has undergone significant transformations mainly driven by the introduction of reperfusion therapy and the organization of systems of care. Patients receiving treatment through a well-structured stroke service have a much higher chance of favorable outcomes, thereby decreasing both disability and mortality. In this article, we reviewed the scientific evidence for stroke reperfusion therapy, including thrombolysis and thrombectomy, and its implementation in the public health system in Brazil. decades wellstructured well structured outcomes mortality article thrombectomy Brazil

Resumo Nas últimas três décadas, o tratamento do AVC sofreu transformações significativas, impulsionadas principalmente pela introdução das terapias de reperfusão e pela organização dos serviços de AVC. Os pacientes que recebem tratamento em um serviço de AVC bem estruturado têm uma probabilidade muito maior de resultados favoráveis, diminuindo assim a incapacidade funcional e a mortalidade. Neste artigo, revisamos as evidências científicas para as terapias de reperfusão do AVC, incluindo trombólise e trombectomia e sua implementação no sistema público de saúde no Brasil. décadas significativas favoráveis mortalidade artigo Brasil

Resumo Introdução: O diagnóstico por imagem da neoplasia pseudopapilar sólida do pâncreas (NPS) é difícil. O diagnóstico pré-operatório obtido pela endosonografia com punção aspirativa por agulha fina (USE-PAF) é possível e tem sido relatado na literatura em tumores do pâncreas. No entanto, sua indicação é controversa e merece discussão. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a acurácia da USE-PAF no diagnóstico de pacientes com NPS, descrever os achados da tomografia computadorizada (TC), colangiopancreatografia por ressonância magnética (RM/CPRM) e USE, comparando os métodos de imagem isolados aos achados da microhistologia (McH) obtida pela USE-PAF. Material e Métodos: Revisamos retrospectivamente os prontuários de pacientes submetidos à USE-PAF com suspeita de NPS em exames de imagem de 5 hospitais brasileiros de alto volume (dois universitários e três privados). Foram anotados prospectivamente os dados demográficos, os achados da TC, RM/CPRM e USE e o re sultado da McH obtida pela USE-PAF. O diagnóstico final foi obtido após o anatomopatológico da peça operatória em todos os pacientes (padrão-ouro). Comparamos os resultados da TC, RM/CPRM, EUS isoladas e da McH obtida pela USE-PAF com o padrão-ouro. Resultados: Cinquenta e quatro pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, 49 (90.7%) eram mulheres com média de idade de 33.4 (11-78) anos. O sintoma mais frequente foi dor abdominal, presente em 35.2%. A NPS foi detectada acidentalmente em 32 (59%) pacientes. O tamanho médio da lesão foi de 3.8 cm (SD: 2.26). O achado mais comum à USE foi lesão sólida, sólida/cística e cística em 52.9%, 41.1% e 7.8%, respectivamente. O diagnóstico final foi NPS (51) e tumor neuroendócrino pancreático não funcionante [NF-NET] (3). O diagnóstico correto feito pela TC, RM, USE e USE-PAF foi feito em 21.9%, 28.9%, 64.7% e 88.2, respectivamente. A USE-PAF associada a TC e a RM aumentou o desempenho diagnóstico de 21.9% para 94.1% e de 28.8% para 94.1%, respectivamente. Conclusões: NPS são raras, identificadas de forma acidental na maioria dos casos e afetam principalmente mulheres jovens. O diagnóstico diferencial entre NPS, NF-NET e outros tipos de lesões com exames de imagem isolados pode ser difícil. A USE-PAF aumenta a chance do diagnóstico pré-operatório em caso de dúvida diagnóstica e deve ser usado sempre que necessário para descartar NF-NET ou outro tipo de lesão nodular sólida ou sólido/cística do pâncreas.

Abstract Introduction: Imaging diagnosis of pancreatic solid-pseudo-papillary neoplasms (SPNs) is difficult. Preoperative diagnosis by endosonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is possible and has been reported in the literature in pancreatic tumors. However, its usefulness is still controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of patients with SPN and describe the findings in computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography imaging (MRI/ MRCP), and EUS therefore comparing the imaging methods alone to the findings of microhistology (McH) obtained by EUS-FNA. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients undergoing EUS-FNA with suspected SPN in imaging studies in 5 Brazilian high-volume hospitals (two university hospitals and three private hos-pitals). The demographic data; findings in CT, MRI/MRCP, and EUS; and McH results obtained by EUS-FNA were noted prospectively. The final diagnosis was obtained after the anatomopathological examination of the surgical specimen in all patients (gold standard), and we compared the results of CT, MRI/MRCP, EUS, and the McH with the gold standard. Results: Fifty-four patients were included in the study, of which 49 (90.7%) were women with an average age of 33.4 (range 11-78) years. The most common symptom presented was abdominal pain, present in 35.2% patients. SPN was detected incidentally in 32 (59%) patients. The average size of the tumors was 3.8 cm (SD: 2.26). The most common finding at EUS was a solid, solid/cystic, and cystic lesion in 52.9%, 41.1%, and 7.8% patients, respectively. The final diagnosis was 51 patients with SPN and 3 with nonfunctioning pancreatic neuro-endocrine tumors (NF-NET). The correct diagnosis was made by CT, MRI/MRCP, EUS isolated, and EUS-FNA in 21.9%, 28.88%, 64.71%, and 88.24%, respectively. EUS-FNA associated with CT and MRI increased diagnostic performance from 22.72% to 94.11% and from 29.16% to 94.11%, respectively. Conclusions: SPN are rare, incidentally identified in most cases, and affect young women. Differential diagnosis between SPN, NF-NET, and other types of tumors with imaging tests can be difficult. EUS-FNA increases preoperative diagnosis in case of diagnostic doubt and should be used whenever necessary to rule out NF-NET or other type of solid/cystic nodular lesion of the pancreas.

ABSTRACT Inside the Brazilian semi-arid region (Caatinga biome) there are vegetation refuges from other biomes that are present mainly at greater elevations in ancient geological formations such as Chapada do Araripe. This study aimed to understand the structure, diversity and floristic similarity of a fragment of humid forest in order to support conservation strategies for this community in Chapada do Araripe, southern Ceará (708m Alt.), an area of relevant ecological, cultural and scenic value. In 13 parcels of 25x25m (0.8 ha) all individuals with DBH ≥ 5cm were inventoried, observing total height. Floristic similarity was observed using the Jaccard method, comparing it with seven other areas in different regions of the Brazil. Sixty-six species were found distributed in 34 families, in a total of 1,544 individuals with DA=1,997.30 ind.ha-1 and AB =32,618 m²ha-1. Fabaceae (25.75%) and Myrtaceae (6%) had the highest number of species and Brosimum gaudichaudii had the highest IVI. The Shannon index (H') was 3.13 and the Pielou equability (J') was 0.75. The beta diversity, compared with other areas of humid forest (core and disjunct), was considered high and the statistics showed greater similarity with the area of the mesoregion of Pernambuco forest. The results allow the characterization of the area as a vegetational refuge of humid forest, corroborating the Refuge Theory and showing strong penetration of savanna species (“Cerradão”, Cerrado, Caatinga/“Carrasco”), emphasizing the action of climatic impulses that occurred in the Quaternary and pointing to the need to conservation strategies due to accelerated anthropism. semiarid semi arid Caatinga biome Araripe structure 708m m Alt., Alt Alt. , Alt.) ecological value 1 xm x 0.8 08 0 8 (0. ha cm inventoried height method Brazil Sixtysix Sixty six 3 families 1544 544 1,54 DA199730 DA 997 30 DA=1,997.3 ind.ha1 indha1 indha ind.ha ind ind.ha- 32618 32 618 =32,61 m²ha1. m²ha1 mha m²ha 1. m²ha-1 25.75% 2575 25 75 (25.75% 6% 6 (6% IVI H (H' 313 3.1 J (J' 075 0.75 core disjunct, disjunct disjunct) Cerradão, Cerradão (“Cerradão” Cerrado Caatinga/Carrasco, CaatingaCarrasco Caatinga/ Carrasco Caatinga/“Carrasco”) anthropism 0. (0 154 54 1,5 DA19973 99 DA=1,997. ha1 3261 61 =32,6 m²ha- 25.75 257 2 7 (25.75 (6 (H 31 3. (J 07 0.7 (“Cerradão Caatinga/Carrasco Caatinga/“Carrasco” ( 15 5 1, DA1997 9 DA=1,997 326 =32, 25.7 (25.7 Caatinga/“Carrasco DA199 DA=1,99 =32 25. (25. DA19 DA=1,9 =3 (25 DA1 DA=1, = (2 DA=1 DA=

RESUMO No interior da região semiárida brasileira (bioma Caatinga), há ocorrência de refúgios de vegetação de outros biomas que se apresentam principalmente em topos de formações geológicas do período Pré-Cambriano, como a Chapada do Araripe. Este trabalho objetivou o conhecimento da estrutura, diversidade e similaridade florística de um fragmento de mata úmida na Chapada do Araripe, sul do Ceará (708m Alt.), visando subsidiar estratégias de conservação dessa comunidade, área de relevante valor ecológico, cultural e paisagístico. Em 13 parcelas de 25x25m (0,8 ha), foram inventariados todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 5cm, observando-se altura total. A similaridade florística foi observada pelo método de Jaccard a partir da comparação com outras sete áreas em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Foram encontradas 66 espécies distribuídas em 34 famílias, num total de 1.544 indivíduos com DA=1.997,30 ind.ha-1 e AB=32,618 m²ha-1. Fabaceae (25,75%) e Myrtaceae (6%) apresentaram maior número de espécies e Brosimum gaudichaudii apresentou maior IVI. O índice de Shannon (H’) foi 3,13 e a equabilidade de Pielou (J’) foi 0,75. A diversidade beta, comparada com outras áreas de mata úmida (core e disjuntas), foi considerada alta e a estatística apontou maior similaridade com área da mesorregião da mata pernambucana. Os resultados permitem caracterizar a área como refúgio vegetacional de mata úmida, corroborando com a teoria dos refúgios e evidenciam forte penetração de espécies savânicas (cerradão, cerrado, caatinga/carrasco) enfatizando a atuação de impulsos climáticos ocorridos no Quaternário e apontando para a necessidade de estratégias de conservação devido ao antropismo acelerado. bioma Caatinga, Caatinga , Caatinga) PréCambriano, PréCambriano Pré Cambriano, Cambriano Pré-Cambriano Araripe estrutura 708m m Alt., Alt Alt. Alt.) comunidade ecológico paisagístico 1 xm x 0,8 08 0 8 (0, ha, ha ha) 5cm cm observandose observando Brasil 6 3 famílias 1544 544 1.54 DA199730 DA 997 30 DA=1.997,3 ind.ha1 indha1 indha ind.ha ind ind.ha- AB32618 AB 32 618 AB=32,61 m²ha1. m²ha1 mha m²ha 1. m²ha-1 25,75% 2575 25 75 (25,75% 6% (6% IVI H (H’ 313 3,1 J (J’ 075 0,75 beta core disjuntas, disjuntas disjuntas) pernambucana cerradão, cerradão (cerradão cerrado caatinga/carrasco caatingacarrasco caatinga carrasco acelerado 0, (0 154 54 1.5 DA19973 99 DA=1.997, ha1 AB3261 61 AB=32,6 m²ha- 25,75 257 2 7 (25,75 (6 (H 31 3, (J 07 0,7 ( 15 5 DA1997 9 DA=1.997 AB326 AB=32, 25,7 (25,7 DA199 DA=1.99 AB32 AB=32 25, (25, DA19 DA=1.9 AB3 AB=3 (25 DA1 DA=1. AB= (2 DA=1 DA=

Abstract The paper intends to analyze the reaction of Twitter users to declaratory titles with disinformation given by President Jair Bolsonaro, posted by major media outlets in their profiles on the social networking site. We tried to identify 1) how users react to messages and fonts and 2) how users react to the declarative format. For this purpose, we used Sentiment Analysis (SILVA, 2016) and Content Analysis (SAMPAIO; LYCARIÃO, 2021) techniques, applied on textual interactions to publications from the newspapers Folha de S.Paulo, O Globo and O Estado de S. Paulo on Twitter containing statements with disinformation. As a result, we found that: 1) users’ interaction with the publication is mostly negative, both in relation to Bolsonaro and to the content of the statement; 2) readers are constantly criticizing the format that evidences statements with disinformation; 3) the tension, on the part of the journalist, of what is said by the source expands the perception of credibility about the vehicle. site 1 2 purpose SILVA, SILVA (SILVA 2016 SAMPAIO (SAMPAIO LYCARIÃO 2021 techniques SPaulo S S.Paulo result negative statement 3 tension journalist vehicle 201 202 20

Resumo O artigo pretende analisar a reação dos usuários do Twitter perante títulos declaratórios com desinformação proferida pelo presidente Jair Bolsonaro, postados por veículos da grande mídia em seus perfis no site da rede social. Procuramos identificar: 1) como os usuários reagem às mensagens e às fontes e 2) como os usuários reagem ao formato declaratório. Para isso, utilizamos técnicas da Análise dos Sentimentos (SILVA, 2016) e da Análise de Conteúdo (SAMPAIO; LYCARIÃO, 2021), aplicadas sobre interações textuais em publicações dos jornais Folha de S.Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de S. Paulo no Twitter contendo declarações com desinformação. Como resultado temos: 1) a interação dos usuários com a publicação é majoritariamente negativa, tanto em relação a Bolsonaro quanto ao conteúdo da declaração; 2) é constante a crítica dos leitores ao formato utilizado, que evidencia as declarações com desinformação; e 3) o tensionamento, por parte do jornalista, do que é dito pela fonte amplia a percepção de credibilidade em relação ao veículo. social identificar 1 2 declaratório isso SILVA, SILVA (SILVA 2016 SAMPAIO (SAMPAIO LYCARIÃO 2021, 2021 , 2021) SPaulo S S.Paulo temos negativa declaração utilizado 3 tensionamento jornalista veículo 201 202 20

ABSTRACT The floodplain forests of the Amazon estuary have undergone constant change over recent years, where management techniques, especially intensive management, have had an impact on the dynamics of the vegetation and land use. These changes can be monitored using satellite data. With this in mind, the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of ground vegetation on the islands of Jarimbu, Mamangal, Itaboca, Mutirão and Buçu in the district of Igarapé-Miri, Pará, using images from the RapidEye and Planet satellites. The unsupervised ISODATA classification method was used, generating distinct classes of vegetation between each island. To evaluate the efficiency of the classification, an average of 200 random points were used, with another 30 points relating to the type of usage for each class. The Kappa index and overall precision were also analysed, in addition to calculating errors of omission and commission. Monitoring on a seven-year time scale using high-resolution satellites, a more than 50% increase in the Exposed Soil class was seen for the islands of Jarimbu, Mutirão and Itaboca, the latter responsible for an increase of more than 50% in the Urban Area class. On each of the five islands, the Alluvial class, representing the areas of açaí groves, has emerged over the last seven years, increasing in area at the expense of a reduction in the Arboreal class. In this respect, the confusion matrix showed a mean accuracy for the islands of ‘very good’, with a mean overall precision of 77.74%, and a mean Kappa index of 0.73, indicating strong agreement with the reference data and the classification. years techniques use mind Jarimbu Mamangal Itaboca IgarapéMiri, IgarapéMiri Igarapé Miri, Miri Igarapé-Miri Pará satellites used island 20 3 analysed commission sevenyear year highresolution high resolution 50 groves respect very good, good , good’ 7774 77 74 77.74% 073 0 73 0.73 2 5 777 7 77.74 07 0.7 77.7 0. 77.

ABSTRACT Tomato fruits are highly perishable. In this sense, adopting techniques to maintain and extend its shelf life is essential. Recent studies have used microalgae as an edible coating for fruit, as it is a nutrient-rich alternative and reduces fruit mass loss and respiration, delaying senescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of microalgae-based coatings with or without the use of modified atmosphere packaging, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in post-harvest tomato conservation. The design used was completely randomized, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four coatings (no coating, coating composed of Spirulina platensis sp., Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) and two conditions (with and without PVC), totalizing 8 treatments, with four replicates, consisting of one fruit each. Stored for 7 days at 10±2ºC and 55±5% UR and evaluated at harvest and on the last day of storage. The fruits coated with Chlorella sp. without PVC and Scenedesmus sp. associated with PVC, showed the lowest mass losses, representing a reduction of 73.79% and 78.47%, respectively, in relation to the control. In addition to mass loss, the levels of ascorbic acid (18.91 and 16.97 mg/100 g), citric acid (4.02 and 4.01), respectively, and the SS/AT ratio also stood out. The microalgae Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. can be used in coating ‘Santa Clara’ tomato fruits to maintain their physicochemical characteristics over 7 days of storage. The use of PVC film coating helped maintain these characteristics, reducing the perishability of the fruits. perishable sense essential nutrientrich nutrient rich respiration senescence microalgaebased based packaging , (PVC) postharvest post conservation randomized x 4x arrangement no sp PVC) treatments replicates each 102ºC ºC 10 2ºC 555 55 5 55±5 storage losses 7379 73 79 73.79 7847 78 47 78.47% respectively control 18.91 1891 18 91 (18.9 1697 16 97 16.9 mg100 mg 100 mg/10 g, g g) 4.02 402 4 02 (4.0 4.01, 401 4.01 01 4.01) SSAT SS AT out Santa Clara (PVC 1 55± 737 73.7 784 78.47 18.9 189 9 (18. 169 16. mg10 mg/1 4.0 40 0 (4. 73. 78.4 18. (18 mg1 mg/ 4. (4 78. (1 (

RESUMO Os frutos do tomateiro têm alta perecibilidade havendo a necessidade da adoção de técnicas que mantenham e prolonguem sua vida útil pós-colheita. Estudos recentes têm utilizado microalgas como recobrimento comestível em frutos, por ser uma alternativa rica em nutrientes e reduzir perda de massa e respiração do fruto e assim retardar a senescência. Objetivou-se avaliar a aplicação de revestimentos a base de microalgas com ou sem o uso de embalagem com atmosfera modificada (policloreto de vinila) na conservação pós-colheita de tomate. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4x2, com quatro revestimentos (sem revestimento, revestimento com Spirulina platensis sp., Chlorella sp. e Scenedesmus sp.) e duas condições [com e sem PVC (policloreto de vinila)], totalizando 8 tratamentos, com quatro repetições, constituída por um fruto cada. Armazenados por 7 dias a 10±2ºC e 55±5% UR e avaliados na colheita e no último dia de armazenamento. Os frutos recobertos com Chlorella sp. sem o PVC e Scenedesmus sp. associado ao PVC, tiveram as menores perdas de massa, representando redução de 73,79% e 78,47%, respectivamente, em relação ao controle. Além da perda de massa, também tiveram destaque nos teores de ácido ascórbico (18,91 e 16,97 mg/100 g). As microalgas Chlorella sp. e Scenedesmus sp. podem ser utilizadas no revestimento de frutos do tomateiro ‘Santa Clara’ para manter suas características físico-químicas ao longo de 7 dias de armazenamento. A utilização do recobrimento com filme PVC auxilia na manutenção dessas características, diminuindo a taxa de perecibilidade dos frutos. póscolheita. póscolheita pós colheita. senescência Objetivouse Objetivou se policloreto vinila tomate casualizado 4x2 x sp vinila, , vinila)] tratamentos repetições cada 102ºC ºC 10 2ºC 555 55 5 55±5 armazenamento 7379 73 79 73,79 7847 78 47 78,47% respectivamente controle 18,91 1891 18 91 (18,9 1697 16 97 16,9 mg100 mg 100 mg/10 g. g . g) Santa Clara físicoquímicas físico químicas 4x 1 55± 737 73,7 784 4 78,47 18,9 189 9 (18, 169 16, mg10 mg/1 73, 78,4 18, (18 mg1 mg/ 78, (1 (