ABSTRACT The term toposequence, proposed to designate a lateral succession of soils on a slope due to the influence of topography, began to be used differently over time, distancing itself from its original concept. Here, we discuss how this concept has been used since its inception. We carried out bibliometric analyses of publications in the database available on the Web of Science since 1900. Three main approaches and related concepts, explicit or not, one at a regional scale and two others at a local scale were identified. From this analysis, we suggest: a) when the approach is regional, the term geomorphic surface or position in the landscape should be used to address the spatial distribution and genetic implications of soils at this scale; b) when dealing with series/sequences of soils on slopes for mapping purposes or discontinuous profiles that emphasize taxonomic classification, the term catena should be used; c) when the determining factor of the soil sequence is climatic, biotic, lithological, chronological, the corresponding term climo-, bio-, litho- or chronosequence should be used; d) when dealing with a lateral succession of horizons in the continuum on slopes, resulting from the influence of topography on soil formation, which may reflect the soil contribution to the model evolution, only in this case should the term toposequence be used, returning to its original concept. time Here inception 1900 concepts not identified analysis suggest b seriessequences series sequences classification c climatic biotic lithological chronological climo, climo , climo- bio, bio bio- litho d formation evolution 190 19 1

Este trabalho foi conduzido em Latossolo-Vermelho distrófico, sob cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de dois sistemas de manejo, com (CCQ - corte manual de cana queimada com carregamento mecânico) e sem queima (CSQ - colheita mecânica de cana picada, crua), sobre propriedades físicas do solo. Os dados foram comparados com os resultados do mesmo solo sob mata nativa. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e 20 repetições. Foram determinadas a matéria orgânica, estabilidade de agregados, densidade e porosidade do solo, na profundidade de 0-0,20 m, e a resistência do solo à penetração. Após 15 anos de cultivo, constatou-se alteração do solo no sistema CCQ, evidenciada pela diminuição do diâmetro médio ponderado dos agregados estáveis em água e pelo aumento da densidade do solo. Foram também detectadas alterações significativas na porosidade total e distribuição de poros, devido às práticas de manejo nos dois sistemas de colheita. Valores críticos de resistência à penetração foram observados na área de cana mecanizada (CSQ), a 0,40-0,55 m de profundidade, sendo o valor (4,5 MPa) classificado como alto, podendo indicar compactação e restrição ao crescimento radicular. O manejo mecanizado foi o sistema que apresentou características do solo mais próximas às da área de mata nativa.

This study had the purpose of evaluating the effects of two management types of sugarcane: harvesting of burnt cane (BCH) and mechanized harvesting of unburnt green cane (MCH), on some soil physical properties of a dystrophic Rhodic Haplustox. The data were then compared with results for the same soil type under native forest. A completely randomized design was used, with three treatments and 20 replications. The following characteristics were determined: organic matter, aggregate stability, soil bulk density, and porosity at depths of 0-0.20 m and soil penetration resistance. After 15 years of cultivation, there were some alterations in the soil under cane burnt before harvesting, evidenced by a drop in the weighted average diameter of stable aggregates in water and increased soil bulk density. Significant changes were also detected in total porosity and pore distribution under both harvesting systems. Critical values for penetration resistance were observed in the area under mechanized sugar cane harvesting, with a value of 4.5 MPa in the 40-55 cm layer. This value is considered high and could indicate compaction and restriction of root growth. Soil properties under the green cane (unburned) management system were closest to those of the soil under native forest.