Résumé Cette recherche a étudié les effets de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur l'expérience de l'immigration et des relations de travail (RT) des immigrantes brésiliennes au Portugal. L'étude s'est appuyée sur des entretiens biographiques avec 27 femmes qui résident dans le pays depuis trois ans. Les résultats sont présentés selon deux axes : a) les expériences des immigrantes brésiliennes avant la migration, les conditions d'immigration et la relation avec le travail ; et b) l'analyse des changements dans le contexte de travail et les défis personnels et familiaux après le début de la crise sanitaire mondiale. En ce qui concerne les principaux effets de la pandémie de COVID-19 en termes de RT, dans ce contexte de l'immigration, les résultats indiquent : la démission et la recherche de nouvelles activités rémunérées ; le besoin de différentes sources de revenus ; l'intensification des heures de travail, en particulier dans les cas de home office ; le télétravail exercé de manière autonome, pour des entreprises, au service de plateformes numériques ou en réseau de contacts ; et la continuité d’une vie professionnelle au Portugal dépendant du soutien financier et émotionnel des membres de la famille.

Abstract This research raised the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the experience of immigration and Labor Relations (RT) for Brazilian immigrants in Portugal. The research included biographical interviews with 27 women who have lived in the country for three years. The results are presented in two themes: a) experiences of Brazilian immigrants prior to migration, immigration conditions, and relationship with work; and b) analysis of changes in the work context and personal and family challenges after the onset of the global health crisis. The results indicate as main influences of COVID-19 in the scope of RT in the context of immigration: dismissal and search for new paid activities; need for different sources of income; intensification of working hours, especially in cases of home-office; telework linked to companies autonomously, by digital platforms or contact network; and continuity in Portugal dependent on the financial and emotional support of family members.

Resumen Esta investigación estudió las influencias de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la experiencia de inmigración y Relaciones Laborales (RL) de inmigrantes brasileñas en Portugal. La investigación incluyó entrevistas biográficas con 27 mujeres que residen en el país desde hace tres años. Los resultados se presentan en dos temas: a) experiencias de inmigrantes brasileñas antes de la migración, condiciones de inmigración y relación con el trabajo; y b) análisis de los cambios en el contexto laboral y los desafíos personales y familiares tras el inicio de la crisis sanitaria mundial. Los resultados señalan como principales influencias de la COVID-19 en el ámbito de las RL en el contexto de la inmigración: despido y búsqueda de nuevas actividades remuneradas; necesidad de diferentes fuentes de ingresos; intensificación de la jornada laboral, especialmente en los casos de home-office; teletrabajo vinculado a empresas de forma autónoma, plataformas digitales o red de contactos; y continuidad en Portugal dependiente del apoyo financiero y emocional de los miembros de la familia.

Resumo Esta pesquisa estudou as influências da pandemia de COVID-19 na vivência da imigração e nas Relações de Trabalho (RT) para imigrantes brasileiras em Portugal. O estudo contou com entrevistas biográficas com 27 mulheres que residem no país há três anos. A apresentação dos resultados se dá em dois eixos: a) vivências das brasileiras imigrantes prévias à migração, condições da imigração, e relação com o trabalho; e b) análise das mudanças no contexto do trabalho e os desafios pessoais e familiares após instauração da crise sanitária mundial. Como principais influências da COVID-19 no âmbito das RT, em contexto de imigração, os resultados indicam: demissão e busca de novas atividades remuneradas; necessidade de distintas fontes de renda; intensificação de horas de trabalho, sobretudo nos casos de home office; teletrabalho vinculado a empresas de forma autônoma, plataformas digitais ou rede de contato; e continuidade em Portugal dependente do apoio financeiro e emocional de familiares.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of low-dose conjugated estrogen (CE), raloxifene, and the combination thereof on the endometrium of postmenopausal women. METHODS: Postmenopausal women between 45 and 60 years of age, with Gail score≥1.67 and no endometrial disorders, were randomly assigned to receive low-dose CE (0.3 mg), raloxifene (60 mg), or combined therapy for 1 year. Transvaginal ultrasound was performed at baseline and every 3 months; the Kupperman Index was assessed at baseline and every 6 months. Endometrial biopsies were performed if endometrial thickness (ET) was ≥5 mm or if vaginal bleeding occurred. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ET≥5 mm over the one-year period. RESULTS: Seventy-three women were randomly assigned and analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. Eight, three, and four women in the CE, raloxifene, and combination groups, respectively, exhibited ET≥5 mm. No genital bleeding was reported in the combination group. Endometrial biopsy revealed atrophy or polyps in all groups, with one patient in the CE group exhibiting a proliferative endometrium without atypia. At 6 months, there was a progressive increase in mean ET in the CE group, but not in the other two groups, with statistically significant differences at 6, 9, and 12 months. Mean scores for vasomotor symptoms and Kupperman Index favored the CE and combination groups over raloxifene. CONCLUSION: Combined raloxifene and low-dose CE decreased the severity of menopausal symptoms to a similar extent as CE alone and had similar effects as raloxifene alone on the endometrium.

Abstract Recent molecular tools and technologies have marked the discovery of the origin and domestication processes of a wide variety of species, using either genomic or mitochondrial molecular markers to provide input for selection programs, as well as the management and conservation of animal breeds. This study aimed to analyze genes of mitochondrial DNA of the following sheep (Ovis aries) breeds: Pantaneira, Bergamácia, Dorper, White Dorper, Ile de France and Hampshire Down, to obtain their population genetic parameters and investigate the origin of these sheep populations reared in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. The analysis of mitochondrial DNA allowed to infer their phylogenetic relationships and revealed significant differences among them when compared with each other and with sequences obtained from GenBank. Through the formation of haplotypes, it was noted that the Pantaneira breed served as the maternal basis for the formation of the other breeds reared in the region, and it was possible to suggest a European origin for the sheep populations studied.

RESUMO: O extrato aquoso de folhas de Aristolochia triangularis mostrou atividade sobre larvas de Artemia salina, com um DL50 de 370,6 µg/mL. Em experimentos com sementes de Allium cepa, o extrato provocou uma redução de 51,26% no índice de germinação, inibiu o crescimento radicular médio e foi citotóxico nas concentrações de 668 e 2.000 µg/mL. Sua atividade antioxidante foi adicionalmente avaliada nesta pesquisa e o valor de poder redutor de íons férrico foi de 391,2 µM/g. Tal propriedade benéfica para a saúde pode ser parcialmente atribuída ao conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais, espectrofotometricamente determinada como 52,67 mg/g. A ocorrência de citotoxicidade sugeriu cautela ao consumir chás de folhas de A. triangularis para propósitos medicinais, e igualmente revela a necessidade por estudos adicionais para investigar os efeitos adversos deles.

ABSTRACT: The aqueous extract of Aristolochia triangularis leaves showed activity against Artemia salina larvae, with an LD50 of 370.6 µg/mL. In experiments with Allium cepa seeds, the extract caused a 51.26% reduction in the germination index, inhibited mean root growth, and was cytotoxic at concentrations of 668 and 2,000 µg/mL. Its antioxidant activity was additionally assessed in this research and the ferric reducing antioxidant power value was found to be 391.2 µM/g. Such health-beneficial property can be attributed partly to the total phenolic content, spectrophotometrically determined as 52.67 mg/g. The occurrence of cytotoxicity suggested caution when consuming teas from A. triangularis leaves for medicinal purposes, and equally reveals the need for further studies to investigate their adverse effects.

RESUMO Introdução: Com a globalização e melhora dos meios digitais e, consequentemente, a crescente utilização de fotografias digitais, faz-se necessária a criação de métodos de mensuração confiáveis. Na prática clínica, a medida direta utilizando-se fita métrica, régua e compasso é mais comumente utilizada. Porém, existem fatores intrínsecos (relevos corporais) e extrínsecos (colaboração do paciente ou movimentos respiratórios) que podem influenciar nos dados obtidos. A fotografia e os softwares gráficos podem ser uma alternativa precisa, mais cômoda e reprodutível à medida direta. O objetivo é demonstrar a forma de medir as mamas pelo software Adobe Photoshop. Métodos: Foram descritas a posição das voluntárias, a captação das imagens, calibração do software até a obtenção mensuração final das mamas. Em 40 mulheres voluntárias, com idade entre 18 e 60 anos, foram demarcados pontos sobre a região mamária e braços em posição frontal. A união destes pontos em cada hemicorpo formou 7 segmentos lineares, 1 angular e 1 segmento mediano comum a ambos os hemicorpos. Essas fotografias foram avaliadas no arquivo RAW, por 3 observadores, com auxílio do software Adobe Photoshop CS6®. Resultados: O Photoshop CS6® demonstrou ser eficaz na mensuração das mamas no arquivo RAW. Conclusão: O Photoshop® apresentou precisão nas medidas e ser factível para mensuração das mamas. Introdução consequentemente fazse faz se confiáveis clínica utilizandose utilizando métrica utilizada Porém relevos corporais colaboração respiratórios obtidos precisa Métodos voluntárias imagens 4 6 anos frontal lineares hemicorpos RAW observadores CS6 CS Resultados Conclusão

ABSTRACT Introduction: With the globalization and improvement of digital media and, consequently, the increasing use of digital photography, it is necessary to create reliable measurement methods. In clinical practice, direct measurement using tape measure, ruler, and compass, is most commonly used. However, there are intrinsic (body contour) and extrinsic (patient collaboration or respiratory movements) factors that may influence the data obtained. Photography and graphics software can be an accurate, comfortable, and reproducible alternative to direct measurement. The objective is to demonstrate how to perform breast measurement using Adobe Photoshop software. Methods: Participants were described the position to assume. Imaging capturing techniques and software calibration were performed in order to obtain the final breast measurement. Markers were placed on the breast and arms of 40 women volunteers aged 18 to 60 years using an anterior view. The union of these markers in each hemibody resulted in seven linear segments, one angle and one transverse segment common to both hemibodies. These photographs were evaluated as a RAW file, by 3 evaluators, assisted by Adobe Photoshop CS6® software. Results: Photoshop CS6® proved effective in the breast measurement using RAW files. Conclusion: Photoshop® showed precision and effectiveness for breast measurement. Introduction consequently photography methods practice measure ruler compass used However body contour patient movements obtained accurate comfortable Methods assume 4 1 6 view segments hemibodies file evaluators CS6 CS Results files Conclusion

RESUMO Introdução: Mensurações por antropometria indireta são importantes na área de pesquisa, mas também podem se tornar significativas na área jurídica, como instrumento quantitativo de avaliação pré e pós-operatória. O tipo de arquivo utilizado determina variações na manipulação das imagens. O objetivo é evidenciar tipos de arquivos de imagens utilizados na fotografia digital que será utilizada na pesquisa. Métodos: Foram realizadas mensurações das mamas em 80 hemitórax de 40 mulheres voluntárias. Foram demarcados pontos sobre a região mamária e braços em posição frontal. A união destes pontos em cada hemicorpo formou sete segmentos lineares, uma medida angular e um segmento mediano comum a ambos os hemicorpos. Essas fotografias foram avaliadas em arquivos RAW e JPEG de alta definição, por 3 observadores, com auxílio do software Adobe Photoshop CS6®. Resultados: Os arquivos RAW e JPEG demonstraram serem eficazes na mensuração das mamas. Conclusão: Os arquivos RAW e JPEG apresentaram medidas semelhantes na mensuração das mamas femininas. Introdução pesquisa jurídica pósoperatória. pósoperatória pós operatória. operatória pós-operatória Métodos 8 4 voluntárias frontal lineares hemicorpos definição observadores CS6 CS CS6® Resultados Conclusão femininas

ABSTRACT Introduction: Indirect anthropometric measurements are important in research but may also be significant in the legal area as a quantitative instrument for preand post-operative evaluation. The type of file used determines variations in the manipulation of the images. The objective is to study the types of image files used in digital photography that will find utility in research. Methods: The breasts of 40 women volunteers were measured in 80 hemithoraces, and the mammary region and arms were marked in the frontal position. The union of these points in each hemithorax formed seven linear segments, an angular measure, and a median segment common to both hemithoraces. These photographs were evaluated as high definition RAW and JPEG files by three observers using Adobe Photoshop CS6® software. Results: RAW and JPEG files were shown to be effective in breast measurement. Conclusion: RAW and JPEG files presented similar results in the measurement of female breasts. Introduction postoperative post operative evaluation images Methods 4 8 hemithoraces position segments measure CS6 CS software Results Conclusion

BACKGROUND Infection with Zika virus (ZIKV) manifests in a broad spectrum of disease ranging from mild illness to severe neurological complications and little is known about Zika immunopathogenesis. OBJECTIVES To define the immunologic biomarkers that correlate with acute ZIKV infection. METHODS We characterized the levels of circulating cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in 54 infected patients of both genders at five different time points after symptom onset using microbeads multiplex immunoassay; comparison to 100 age-matched controls was performed for statistical analysis and data mining. FINDINGS ZIKV-infected patients present a striking systemic inflammatory response with high levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. Despite the strong inflammatory pattern, IL-1Ra and IL-4 are also induced during the acute infection. Interestingly, the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, and IFN-γ; chemokines CXCL8, CCL2, CCL5; and the growth factor G-CSF, displayed a bimodal distribution accompanying viremia. While this is the first manuscript to document bimodal distributions of viremia in ZIKV infection, this has been documented in other viral infections, with a primary viremia peak during mild systemic disease and a secondary peak associated with distribution of the virus to organs and tissues. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Biomarker network analysis demonstrated distinct dynamics in concurrence with the bimodal viremia profiles at different time points during ZIKV infection. Such a robust cytokine and chemokine response has been associated with blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinvasiveness in other flaviviral infections. High-dimensional data analysis further identified CXCL10, a chemokine involved in foetal neuron apoptosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome, as the most promising biomarker of acute ZIKV infection for potential clinical application.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar índices de crescimento do híbrido de Eucalyptus urograndis sob aplicação dos herbicidas triclopyr e fluroxipyr+triclopyr. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial (3x2x5), correspondendo aos herbicidas (triclopyr e fluroxipyr+triclopyr), ambos em duas doses (0,75 e 1,5% da concentração de 480 g.e.a L-1 para triclopyr e 80+240 g.e.a L-1 para fluroxipyr+triclopyr) mais uma testemunha (plantas que não receberam aplicação dos herbicidas) e cinco datas de avaliação aos 15, 30, 45, 60 e 75 dias após aplicação (DAA). Aos 45 dias após o transplante das mudas, foram realizadas aplicações com pulverizador costal pressurizado a gás carbônico, equipado com pontas bico (XR 110.02) com volume de calda de 200 L ha-1 e pressão constante de 35 kgf/cm2. Foram avaliados: área foliar (AF), área foliar específica (AFE), razão de área foliar (RAF), razão de peso de folha (RPF), taxa de crescimento absoluto (TCA), taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR) e taxa assimilatória líquida (TAL). A deriva dos herbicidas triclopyr e fluroxipyr+triclopyr no híbrido E. urograndis prejudica o desenvolvimento das plantas no início do estabelecimento. Aos 75 dias após a simulação da deriva dos herbicidas as plantas apresentam características de recuperação dos sintomas de intoxicação. É necessário a realização de estudos superiores a 75 DAA para comprovar a recuperação total dos sintomas de intoxicação de plantas do híbrido de E. urograndis resultante da deriva dos herbicidas em estudo.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate growth rates of E. urograndis under application of triclopyr and fluroxipyr+triclopyr herbicides. Was used a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial design (3x2x5), corresponding to herbicides (triclopyr and fluroxipyr+triclopyr), both with two doses (0.75 and 1.5% concentrations of 480 g and L-1 for triclopyr and 80+240 g and L-1 for fluroxipyr+triclopyr), plus one control (plants that did not receive herbicide application) and five evaluation dates at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after application (DAA). At 45 days after seedlings transplant, applications were performed with pressurized carbon dioxide backpack sprayer, equipped with beak tip (XR 110.02) with spray volume of 200 L ha-1 and constant pressure of 35 kgf/cm2. Were evaluated: leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf weight ratio (LWR), absolute growth ratio (AGR), relative growth ratio (RGR) and net assimilatory ratio (NAR). The drift of triclopyr and fluroxipyr + triclopyr herbicide in the hybrid E. urograndis affect plant development in the beginning of the establishment. At 75 days after simulation drift of herbicides the plants showed characteristics of the symptoms of intoxication. It’s necessary to perform studies after 75 DAA to verify the complete recovery of the intoxication symptoms of E. urograndis hybrid plants resulting from the herbicide drift in the present study.

Background The aim of the present study was to assess the genetic diversity of Pantaneiro sheep, using microsatellite markers, in order to assist maintenance and management plans, enhance mating systems and reduce the inbreeding rate. A total of 127 animals were genotyped at eight microsatellite loci. They belonged to populations from the Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) (Dourados/MS/Brazil) and Embrapa Pantanal (Corumbá/MS/Brazil). Results The population of Pantaneiro sheep from the UFGD exhibited a high mean number of alleles (11.13) and allelic richness (10.66). The polymorphic information content was highly informative in the locus studied, resulting in a mean value of 0.71. Observed heterozygosity was lower than expected for all molecular markers assessed. The analysis of molecular variance showed a differentiation rate of 5.2% between populations. Conclusions The results of the statistical parameters indicated that populations of Pantaneiro sheep require special attention on herd management, and it's further necessary to implement breeder exchange programs in order to preserve the genetic variability of these populations. Furthermore, the maintenance of those populations in their typical habitats is rather required to allow different responses from the herds to the interactions between genotype and environment.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se analisar economicamente a produção orgânica de leite. Para esta avaliação foram utilizados os dados obtidos em uma propriedade certificada como orgânica, localizada no Distrito Federal, durante os períodos de 2002 e 2003. A Renda Líquida (RL) por litro de leite foi positiva no ano de 2002 e negativa no de 2003, considerando-se o preço do leite a R$ 0,40/ L, (preço histórico pago ao produtor de leite convencional na região), apresentando resultados positivos com o preço simulado de R$ 0,80/L (preço pago aos produtores orgânicos nas Regiões Sul e Sudeste do país). Os índices de produtividade foram semelhantes aos observados nas propriedades convencionais. A produção orgânica de leite pode ser uma alternativa economicamente viável para a pecuária, desde que haja uma remuneração superior à praticada para o leite convencional.

The objective of the present work is the economical analysis of the organic milk production. For this evaluation, statistics from a farm with organic certificate located in the Brazilian Federal District were appraised, during the period of 2002 and 2003. The Net Operating Revenue (NOR) displayed a positive general average per liter of milk for 2002 and a negative average for 2003, considering the milk price at R$ 0.40/l (this being the historical price of the conventional milk in that region), presenting positive results at the simulated price of R$ 0.80/l (this being the common price of organic milk marketed at Southeast and South regions). The productivity indicators were similar to those observed for traditional properties. The organic milk production may become an economically practicable alternative for the national cattle farming, as long as the remuneration stays higher than that practiced for the conventional milk.

A indústria leiteira, visando a aumentar o rendimento industrial de seus produtos e melhorar a qualidade desses para atender à demanda do mercado consumidor, tem sido cada vez mais exigente com seus fornecedores de matéria-prima. Supõe-se que o tipo de ordenha e metodologias de coleta influenciam a composição físico-química e a contagem de células somáticas de leite cru, tornando-se necessário verificar tais efeitos. Com o objetivo de comprovar essa hipótese, foram analisadas 180 amostras de leite de 30 vacas. Utilizou-se o arranjo fatorial 2x3, sendo duas formas de coleta (manual - 100mL iniciais da ordenha, e mecânica - amostra da ordenha completa) e três tipos de amostras (manhã, tarde e "pool"). Os valores de gordura e extrato seco total (EST) foram os mais influenciados, tanto pela forma de coleta quanto pelo tipo de amostragem. Houve variação para os teores de proteína e lactose entre as amostras coletadas pela manhã e pela tarde. Diferença estatística (P<0,05) foi observada nos teores dessas variáveis e do extrato seco desengordurado (ESD) de acordo com o tipo de ordenha. Os resultados de CCS apresentaram correlações baixas com os teores de gordura, proteína e EST, e correlações negativas com os teores de lactose e ESD. Os resultados encontrados demonstram a importância da padronização da coleta do leite e a influência do tipo de ordenha sobre os constituintes físico-químicos e a CCS do leite.

To increase industrial production, improve quality and meet consumers’ demand, dairy industry has become more demanding regarding raw material suppliers. It is assumed that both milking type and raw milk sampling influence the physico-chemical composition and somatic cell count (SCC). To confirm this hypothesis, 180 samples from 30 cows were analysed. A factorial arrangement 2x3 was used, being two sampling types (manual - collecting the first 100mL, and milking machine - samples from the complete milking) and three types of samples (morning, afternoon and pool). The fat and TS (Total Solids) contents were most influenced either by the type of collection or the the type of sampling. Variation between the protein and lactose contents was observed according to the types of sampling. Statistical differences (P<0.05) were verified for SNF (Solids Non Fat) values according to the milking type. The SCC values showed low correlations to the contents of fat, milk and TS and negative correlations to the lactose and SNF contents. The results showed the influence of the milking type on the physical chemical composition and milk SCC and the importance of standardizing the milk sampling technique.