ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic.

Abstract Objective: to describe the COVID-19 clinical outcomes profile from mining workers and the cases dynamic within the mining units and their respective municipalities. Methods: a cohort and ecological study using workers clinical-epidemiological, sociodemographic, and occupational secondary data of a multinational mining company, and of COVID-19 cases from five municipalities where the mining units were located, in Brazil, between March 2020 to April 2021. We calculated the cases cumulative incidence and the 7-day moving average (MA), and compared at the mining unit and respective municipality. Results: the study included 17,523 workers, 88.4% male, and 22.6% had at least one positive result for COVID-19. The workers most tested, with positive results, placed in quarantine, and with symptoms were female, middle-aged, living and working in Rio de Janeiro state, directly hired by the mining company, in shift-work, and in high-risk occupations. All mining units presented a cumulative incidence higher than their respective municipalities. Three municipalities showed peaks of COVID-19 with MA cases coinciding with an increase in cases among mining workers. Conclusion: approximately one-fifth of workers were diagnosed with COVID-19. The mining units had a similar temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases to the municipalities where they were located.

Resumo Objetivo: descrever o perfil de desfechos de COVID-19 em trabalhadores da mineração e a dinâmica dos casos nas unidades de mineração e seus respectivos municípios. Métodos: estudo de coorte e ecológico, com dados secundários clínico-epidemiológicos, sociodemográficos e ocupacionais de trabalhadores de mineradora multinacional no Brasil e de casos de COVID-19 nos cinco municípios onde as unidades estavam localizadas, de março de 2020 a abril de 2021. A incidência acumulada e média móvel (MM) de 7 dias dos casos foram calculadas e comparadas na unidade e respectivo município. Resultados: foram incluídos 17.523 trabalhadores; 88,4% eram do sexo masculino; e 22,6% tiveram pelo menos um resultado positivo. Os trabalhadores mais testados, com casos positivos, colocados em quarentena e com sintomas foram do sexo feminino, de meia-idade, morando e trabalhando no Rio de Janeiro, diretamente contratados pela mineradora, em turnos e ocupações de alto risco. Todas as unidades apresentaram uma incidência acumulada superior aos seus respectivos municípios. Três municípios apresentaram picos de COVID-19 com MM coincidindo com o aumento de casos entre trabalhadores de mineração. Conclusão: aproximadamente um quinto dos trabalhadores foram diagnosticados com COVID-19, e a distribuição temporal dos casos nas unidades de mineração foi semelhante àquela dos municípios onde estavam localizadas.

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the sociodemographic and occupational risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection in mining workers. Methods: a retrospective cohort study, using secondary workers’ health data from a multinational mining company, from March 2020 to April 2021. A COVID-19 case was defined based on a SARS-CoV-2 positive result in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. Risk ratios (RRs) for positive testing were estimated using Poisson’s regression model. Results: of 10,484 workers, 2,578 (24.6%) had at least one positive result for COVID-19. Each worker underwent an average of 4.0 (standard deviation: 3.6) tests, totaling 41,962 PCR tests. Most of the evaluated workers were male (88.3%), aged from 30 to 39 years (38.7%), outsourced (74.1%) and non-shift workers (70.5%). Our multivariate model showed that outsourced (RR: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.27;1.51) and shift workers (RR: 1.10; 95%CI: 1.01;1.20) had a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than their counterparts. Conclusions: outsourced and shift workers have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection than their counterparts. Therefore, it is necessary to provide continuous monitoring with regular and adequate testing for mitigation and prevention of COVID-19 in these occupational groups.

Resumo Objetivos: investigar os fatores de risco sociodemográficos e ocupacionais associados à infeção por COVID-19 em trabalhadores da mineração. Métodos: estudo de coorte retrospectivo com dados secundários dos trabalhadores de uma empresa multinacional de mineração, de março de 2020 a abril de 2021. Casos de COVID-19 foram definidos por meio do resultado do teste reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) positivo para SARS-CoV-2. Riscos relativos (RR) para testes positivos foram obtidos por regressão de Poisson. Resultados: dos 10.484 trabalhadores testados, 2.578 (24,6%) tiveram pelo menos um resultado positivo. Foi realizada uma média de 4,0 (desvio-padrão: 3,6) testes para cada trabalhador, totalizando 41.962 testes. A maioria dos trabalhadores eram do sexo masculino (88,3%), com idade entre 30 e 39 anos (38,7%), terceirizados (74,1%) e que não trabalhavam em turnos (70,5%). No modelo múltiplo, os trabalhadores terceirizados (RR: 1,39; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 1,27;1,51) e trabalhadores por turnos (RR: 1,10; IC95%: 1,01;1,20) apresentavam maior risco de infecção quando comparados com seus homólogos. Conclusões: os trabalhadores terceirizados e por turnos exibiram maior risco de infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 quando comparados com seus homólogos. Portanto, é necessário fornecer monitoramento contínuo com oferta regular e adequada de testes para mitigação e prevenção da COVID-19 nestes grupos ocupacionais.

ABSTRACT Two new Penicillium species are reported from soil of an agroforestry system and an Atlantic Rainforest fragment in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Using a polyphasic approach, combining partial β-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) gene sequences and morphological characters, Penicillium gercinae sp. nov. (section Ramigena, series Georgiensia), and Penicillium stangiae sp. nov. (section Lanata-Divaricata, series Dalearum) are described. Descriptions based on morphological features are provided. Penicillium gercinae is phylogenetically closely related to P. georgiense; however, P. gercinae does not grow on Czapek yeast extract (CYA) and has monoverticillate and biverticillate conidiophores. Penicillium stangiae is phylogenetically closely related to P. penarojense and P. vanderhammenii. As diagnostic features, P. stangiae had slower growth on CYA (28-30 mm in 7 days) and on DG18 (6-7 mm in 7 days) and lacked the production of acid on creatine agar. This research contributes to the expansion of knowledge on the taxonomy and diversity of Penicillium species in Brazil.

Abstract The objective of this work is to investigate the conversion of spent coffee grounds (SCG) into biochar (BSC) and the ecotoxicological effects of the product obtained. The SCG and BSC were characterized by characterized by different techniques (TGA/DTG, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDS, and EDXRF). Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) was used to characterize the aqueous extract of BSC. The inhibitory effect on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) germination was investigated. Besides, antimicrobial activity evaluation trials were conducted with Azospirillum brasilense and Trichoderma spp. The results showed that in the BSC production process, the extractives and lignocellulosic components in the SCG were partly decomposed. Tests conducted with microorganisms did not reveal any toxic effect of BSC. However, high phytotoxicity against lettuce was recorded for rate 100 t/ha of BSC. This effect was associated with the presence of carboxylic acids identified by 1H NMR in the BSC extract aqueous.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS: More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08–1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02–1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10–1.52). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic.

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de los profesionales en enfermería sobre el protocolo de prevención y tratamiento de heridas utilizado en la atención primaria de salud en Natal, Río Grande del Norte, Brasil. Materiales y método: Estudio exploratorio de corte cualitativo en el que se realizaron entrevistas a 20 enfermeras que regularmente emplean el protocolo "Guía Básica para la Prevención y el Tratamiento de Heridas". Los instrumentos para la recolección de datos fueron un cuestionario y observación directa. Los datos se analizaron en función de la técnica de análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Surgieron dos categorías: Percepción sobre el protocolo, que se subdivide en sistematización del tratamiento de heridas, satisfacción profesional e internalización de la visión integral, y Cambios realizados con la implementación del protocolo, que se relaciona con la adquisición de nuevos conocimientos, un mayor porcentaje de curación y la satisfacción del usuario. El uso del protocolo orientó la realización del tratamiento, minimizando el sufrimiento físico y psicológico de los usuarios y los impactos socioeconómicos para estos y sus familias. Conclusiones: La implementación del protocolo permitió la estandarización de las acciones de atención en el tratamiento de lesiones cutáneas. La aceleración de los procesos de cicatrización permitió evidenciar satisfacción y seguridad frente al manejo de este tipo de lesiones, promoviendo así una mejor atención en salud. Se recomienda fortalecer el cuidado humanizado a los pacientes con heridas para la valoración de los profesionales en enfermería. La atención sistematizada puede contribuir a una mayor adherencia al tratamiento y al fortalecimiento de las prácticas en el territorio.

Abstract Objective: To examine the perception of nurses about the wound prevention and treatment protocol used in primary health care in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Materials and method: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Twenty nurses who worked in the Family Health Strategy and regularly used the protocol called "Basic Guide for Wound Prevention and Treatment" were interviewed. Data collection instruments were a questionnaire and direct observation. The data were analyzed by the technique of thematic content analysis. Results: Two categories emerged from the analysis carried out: Perception about the protocol, which is subdivided into systematization of wound treatment, professional satisfaction, and internalization of integral vision, and Changes made with the implementation of the protocol, which is related to the acquisition of new knowledge, the increase in healing rates, and users' satisfaction. The adoption of the protocol guided the conduct of treatment, minimizing users' physical and psychological distress and the socioeconomic impacts for them and their families. Conclusions: The implementation of the protocol allowed the standardization of care actions in the treatment of skin lesions. The acceleration of healing processes derived in satisfaction and safety in the management of this type of lesions, thus promoting greater health care. The enhancement of a more humanized care to patients with wounds is suggested in order to better value nurses. Systematized care can contribute to greater adherence to treatment and the strengthening of practices developed in the Brazilian territory.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o protocolo de prevenção e tratamento de feridas utilizado na Atenção Primária à Saúde em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Materiais e método: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistadas 20 enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família, que fizeram uso regular do protocolo denominado Guia básico de prevenção e tratamento de feridas. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram questionário e observação direta. Os dados foram analisados pela técnica de análise temática de conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: Percepção sobre o protocolo, que foi subdividida em sistematização do tratamento de feridas, satisfação profissional e internalização da visão integral; Mudanças efetivadas com a implantação do protocolo, que esteve relacionada com a aquisição de novos conhecimentos, com o aumento do percentual de cura e com a satisfação do usuário. A utilização do protocolo orientou a condução do tratamento, minimizando o sofrimento físico-psíquico e os impactos socioeconômi-cos aos usuários e a seus familiares. Conclusões: A implantação do protocolo permitiu a padronização das ações assistenciais no tratamento de pessoas com feridas. Evidenciaram-se a satisfação e a segurança na conduta no manejo das lesões, com aceleração dos processos de cicatrização, o que promoveu maior cuidado em saúde. Sugere-se a potencialização da assistência humanizada às pessoas com feridas para a valorização dos enfermeiros. A assistência sistematizada pode contribuir para uma maior adesão ao tratamento e para o fortalecimento das práticas desenvolvidas no território.

RESUMO A associação da sarcopenia com fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde já foi previamente apresentada na literatura. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre como os fatores ambientais que podem estar relacionados a essa condição. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a associação entre a autopercepção do ambiente de vizinhança e a sarcopenia provável em idosos comunitários. Este é um estudo transversal, de base domiciliar com amostra probabilística, que incluiu 306 idosos comunitários de ambos os sexos. O desfecho foi a sarcopenia provável, categorizada com o tempo de realização no teste de sentar e levantar da cadeira >15 segundos, conforme proposto pelo European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. As variáveis preditoras foram avaliadas de acordo com o abbreviated neighborhood environment walkability scale (A-NEWS), que inclui questões relacionadas à infraestrutura e à segurança do bairro, ruas, calçadas e tipos de uso do solo. Foram realizadas análises de regressão logística multivariada. A presença de supermercado/loja de conveniência/mercadinho/armazém, feira livre (OR: 0,45; IC 95%: 0,22-0,91) e ponto de ônibus (OR: 0,23; IC 95%: 0,10-0,50) foram fatores de proteção para a sarcopenia provável. Já o acúmulo de lixo e locais com esgoto a céu aberto próximos à residência (OR: 2,17; IC 95%: 1,16-4,05) foram fatores de risco. Verificou-se associação de comércios locais e pontos de ônibus próximos ao local de residência para proteção contra a sarcopenia provável, enquanto o acúmulo de lixo e locais com esgoto a céu aberto próximos à residência se mostraram fatores de risco para a sarcopenia provável.

ABSTRACT The association of sarcopenia with sociodemographic and health factors has been previously presented in the literature. However, little is known about how environmental factors may be related to this condition. The study sought to verify the association between self-perception of a built neighborhood characteristics and probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. This was a cross-sectional study including 306 community-dwelling older adults of both genders. The outcome was probable sarcopenia, categorized with the time taken in the sit to stand test >15 seconds, as proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. The predictor variables were assessed using the neighborhood environment walkability scale (A-NEWS), which includes issues related to the infrastructure and security of the neighborhood, streets, sidewalks, and types of land use. Multivariate Logistic Regression analyses were performed. The presence of supermarkets/convenience stores/grocery stores/warehouses, open markets (OR: 0.45; 95%CI: 0.22-0.91) and bus stops (OR: 0.23; 95%CI: 0.10-0.50) were protective factors for probable sarcopenia. However, the accumulation of garbage and/or places with open sewage close to the residence (OR: 2.17; 95%CI: 1.16-4.05) were risk factors. There was a protective association of local businesses and bus stops near the place of residence for probable sarcopenia. However, the accumulation of garbage and/or places with open sewage near the residence proved to be risk factors for probable sarcopenia.

RESUMEN La asociación entre sarcopenia y factores sociodemográficos y de salud se ha presentado previamente en la literatura. Sin embargo, es escasa la información sobre cómo los factores ambientales pueden relacionarse con esta condición. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre la autopercepción del ambiente exterior y una probable sarcopenia en ancianos institucionalizados. Este es un estudio transversal, de base domiciliaria con muestra probabilística, que incluyó a 306 ancianos institucionalizados de ambos sexos. El resultado fue una probable sarcopenia, categorizada con el tiempo necesario para sentarse y levantarse de una silla >15 segundos según lo propuesto por el Grupo Europeo de Trabajo en Sarcopenia en Personas Mayores. Las variables predictoras se evaluaron según el abbreviated neighborhood environment walkability scale (A-NEWS), que incluye temas relacionados con la infraestructura y seguridad del vecindario, calles, aceras y tipos de uso del suelo. Se realizó análisis de regresión logística multivariante. La presencia de supermercado/tienda de conveniencia/tienda/almacén, ferias (OR: 0,45; IC 95%: 0,22-0,91) y parada de autobús (OR: 0,23; IC 95%: 0,10-0,50) fueron los factores protectores contra una probable sarcopenia. La acumulación de basura y lugares con alcantarillado abierto cerca de la residencia (OR: 2,17; IC 95%: 1,16-4,05) fueron los factores de riesgo. Se encontró que as tiendas locales y paradas de autobús cercanas a la residencia estuvieron relacionadas a la protección contra una probable sarcopenia, mientras que la acumulación de basura y lugares con alcantarillado abierto cerca de la residencia estuvieron relacionados a una probable sarcopenia.

Background: A population study is an important tool that can be used to understand the actual epidemiological scenario of the Covid-19 in different territories, identify its magnitude, understand its transmission dynamics, and its demographic, geographical, and social distribution. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population of two Brazilian cities during the pandemic first wave and subsequent socioeconomic and health effects. Materials & methods: This paper described the methodological procedures adopted and the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population. A household survey was conducted between October and December 2020, in two historic cities of Brazil's mining region. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was detected using the Wondfo® rapid test. The face-to-face interview consisted of administration of a questionnaire containing registration data, sociodemographic and economic variables, living habits, general health condition, mental health, sleep habits, and eating and nutrition. Results: We evaluated 1,762 residents, of which 764 (43.4%) were in Mariana and 998 (56.6%) in Ouro Preto. For both cities, 51.9% of the interviewees were female, with a predominance of the age range 35 to 59 years old (47.2%). The prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.5% in all cities, 6.2% in Ouro Preto, and 4.7% in Mariana. The prevalence was similar between cities (P>0.05). Conclusion: The study was effective in verifying the seroprevalence of infection by the virus and its findings will enable further analyses of the health conditions of the population related to social isolation and the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2.

Resumo Objetivo: Mapear as principais recomendações na assistência ao recém-nascido conforme o quadro clínico materno na sala de parto, tendo em vista o contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Revisão de escopo baseada no método JBI. Foi utilizada a questão norteadora: “Quais as principais recomendações para a assistência ao recém-nascido na sala de parto durante a atual pandemia do coronavírus?”. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada em bases de dados nacionais, internacionais e listas de referências. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a leitura dos textos completos, extração e análise dos dados, e sintetização do conteúdo. Resultados: Foram incluídos 9 estudos que tiveram os dados sintetizados em um mapa de recomendações para assistência ao recém-nascido baseado no quadro materno para o novo coronavírus na sala de parto de acordo com os eixos de atenção: amamentação, contato pele a pele, clampeamento do cordão umbilical e assistência respiratória. Conclusão: Na assistência ao recém-nascido na sala de parto deve-se adotar precauções para reduzir o risco de transmissão do vírus, realizar o contato pele a pele após a adoção de medidas de higiene, manter e estimular a amamentação exclusiva mediante cuidados de higiene da parturiente e realizar assistência respiratória em sala de pressão negativa por profissionais paramentados.

Abstract Objective: To map the main recommendations for newborn care according to the maternal clinical picture in the delivery room, considering the COVID-19 pandemic context. Methods: This is a scoping review based on the JBI method. The guiding question was: What are the main recommendations for assistance to newborns in the delivery room during the current coronavirus pandemic? Study selection was carried out in national and international databases and reference lists. Two independent reviewers read full texts, extracted and analyzed their data, and synthesized the content. Results: We included 9 studies that had their data synthesized in a map of recommendations for assistance to newborns, based on the maternal condition for the new coronavirus in the delivery room according to the axes of attention breastfeeding, skin-to-skin contact, umbilical cord clamping, and respiratory assistance. Conclusion: For newborn care in the delivery room, precautions should be taken to reduce the risk of virus transmission, make skin-to-skin contact after the adoption of hygiene measures, maintain and encourage exclusive breastfeeding through hygienic care of parturient women and perform respiratory assistance in a negative pressure room by trained professionals.

Resumen Objetivo: Mapear las principales recomendaciones para la atención al recién nacido según el cuadro clínico materno en la sala de parto, considerando el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Revisión de alcance basada en el método JBI. Se utilizó la pregunta orientadora: “¿Cuáles son las principales recomendaciones para la atención al recién nacido en la sala de parto durante la pandemia de coronavirus?”. La selección de los estudios fue realizada en bases de datos nacionales e internacionales y en listas de referencias. Dos revisores independientes realizaron a lectura de los textos completos, la extracción y el análisis de los datos y la síntesis del contenido. Resultados: Se incluyeron nueve estudios, cuyos datos fueron sintetizados en un mapa de recomendaciones para la atención al recién nacido según el cuadro materno del nuevo coronavirus en la sala de parto, de acuerdo con los ejes de atención: lactancia, contacto piel con piel, pinzamiento del cordón umbilical y asistencia respiratoria. Conclusión: En la atención al recién nacido en la sala de parto deben adoptarse precauciones para reducir el riesgo de transmisión del virus, realizar el contacto piel con piel luego de la adopción de medidas de higiene, mantener y estimular la lactancia exclusiva mediante cuidados de higiene de la parturienta y realizar asistencia respiratoria en sala de presión negativa por profesionales con traje de protección.

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on becoming a mother in adolescence based on some concepts from Ramona Mercer's theory of attainment of the maternal role. Method: a theoretical-reflective study based on Ramona Mercer's theory of attainment of the maternal role. The concepts related to the process of becoming a mother during adolescence were selected and presented in a guiding axis. Results: a low maternal age can affect coping, generating feelings that impact on self-esteem and self-concept, already weakened in the phase of adolescence. The tension of the role can worsen, with social support being an important factor involved in the maternal role. Its absence generates feelings of fear, insecurity, and depression. Paternal absence, in turn, is common and can weaken the attainment of the maternal role, given the father's contribution to reducing tension in the mother and child dyad. It is up to the nurse to identify factors that may impact on the development of the maternal role and offer support and care for the development of this maternal identity. Conclusion: the reflections made on the concepts involved in becoming a mother in this period allowed understanding the changes in its various spheres. The concepts addressed also have a strong interrelationship with each other and directly impact pm the care construct, and it is up to nurses to align their care practice with the real needs of pregnant adolescents.

RESUMEN Objetivo: reflexionar sobre cómo convertirse en madre en la adolescencia a partir de conceptos de la teoría de adopción del rol materno (ARM) de Ramona Mercer. Método: estudio teórico-reflexivo basado en la teoría de adopción del rol materno de Ramona Mercer. Los conceptos relacionados con el proceso de convertirse en madre durante la adolescencia fueron seleccionados y presentados en un eje guía. Resultados: la poca edad de la madre puede afectar el proceso, generando sentimientos que tienen influencia en la autoestima y el autoconcepto, ya debilitados en la adolescencia. La tensión puede empeorar y por ello el apoyo social es un factor importante en el rol materno. Su ausencia genera sentimientos de miedo, inseguridad y depresión. La ausencia paterna, a su vez, es común y puede debilitar la adopción del rol materno, dada su contribución a la reducción de la tensión en la díada madre e hijo. Le corresponde a la enfermera identificar los factores que pueden afectar el desarrollo de la función materna y ofrecer apoyo y atención para desarrollar su identidad. Conclusión: las reflexiones sobre los conceptos involucrados en ser madre en esta etapa de la vida han permitido entender los cambios en sus distintos aspectos. Los conceptos enfocados también se relacionan entre sí e impactan directamente en la construcción de los cuidados. La práctica asistencial de enfermería y las necesidades reales de las adolescentes embarazadas deben estar alineadas.

RESUMO Objetivo: refletir sobre o tornar-se mãe na adolescência com base em alguns conceitos da teoria da consecução do papel materno de Ramona Mercer. Método: estudo teórico-reflexivo embasado na teoria da consecução do papel materno de Ramona Mercer. Foram selecionados os conceitos relacionados ao processo de tornar-se mãe no período da adolescência e apresentados em um eixo condutor. Resultados: a pouca idade materna pode afetar no enfrentamento, gerando sentimentos que impactam na autoestima e no autoconceito, já fragilizados na fase da adolescência. A tensão do papel pode agravar, sendo o apoio social um importante fator envolvido no papel maternal. Sua ausência gera sentimentos de medo, insegurança e depressão. A ausência paterna, por sua vez, é comum e pode enfraquecer a consecução do papel materno, visto sua contribuição na diminuição da tensão na díade mãe e criança. Cabe ao enfermeiro identificar fatores que possam impactar no desenvolvimento do papel materno e oferecer apoio e cuidados para o desenvolvimento dessa identidade materna. Conclusão: as reflexões tecidas acerca dos conceitos envolvidos no tornar-se mãe nesse período permitiram a compreensão das mudanças em seus diversos âmbitos. Os conceitos abordados possuem, ainda, forte inter-relação entre si e impactam diretamente no construto cuidado, cabendo ao enfermeiro alinhar sua prática assistencial com as reais necessidades das gestantes adolescentes.

Abstract Natural products, especially phytochemicals, have been extensively studies and have exhibited important antiproliferative effects. The American native species Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich. ex Wedd. (Urticaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil, where it is known as urtiga-vermelha or urtigão. The leaves are popularly used as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic and in the treatment of gastric disorders. However, the antiproliferative potential of this plant against human tumor cells remain to be elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of U. baccifera leaves extracts and fractions against a panel of human tumor cell lines in vitro besides a chemical evaluation of the most active sample by mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MSn). The hydroalcoholic extract was inactive while dichloromethane extract showed moderate cytostatic activity against ovarian carcinoma cell line (OVCAR-3, GI50 = 1.5 μg/mL). More, the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions did not show important activity against tumour cell while the dichloromethane and hexane fractions showed moderate cytostatic activity against ovarian tumor cell line (OVCAR-3, GI50 = 12.7 and 9.4 μg/mL, respectively). Finally, the chemical profile evaluated by mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-MSn) allowed the detection of flavonoids in the HEU and hydroxylated fatty acid in DEU that can explain partially the biological effects observed. This is the first report of the antiproliferative effects of U. baccifera, and DEU has shown potential as a promising source of bioactive compounds.

ABSTRACT: The understanding of the differences between living (L) and dead (D) benthic foraminiferal assemblages and all the factors that might lead their distribution should be a key to characterize the environmental and paleoenvironmental changes accurately. Population dynamics and dissimilarities of biological nature (the differences in turnover rate and seasonal alterations in standing stock) can cause significant divergences between the L and D foraminiferal assemblages. This study compares L and D foraminifera to evaluate the sediment quality of the Brazilian Saquarema Lagoon System (SLS) using biogeochemical proxies and predict how coastal ecosystems are responding to the combined effects of eutrophication and pollution pressure and areas where the paleoenvironmental studies can be performed. The SLS is a transitional environment where total organic carbon, proteins, and dissolved oxygen are the main factors controlling the distribution of foraminiferal assemblage. The high values of biopolymers (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) in SLS indicate a very impacted environment with long water residence time. The low values of species richness, Shannon-Weaver diversity, and evenness for both L and D foraminiferal assemblages are a consequence of fluctuating conditions in the SLS. Due to low salinities, agglutinated species and Quinqueloculina seminula can occur in the most confined areas, and Ammonia parkinsoniana, Cribroelphidium excavatum, Cribroelphidium poeyanum, and Elphidium gunteri characterized the area with the highest marine influence. Although in most of the SLS the taphonomic processes modified the original assemblage, in some regions the thanatocoenosis corresponds to the biocenosis. These areas can be considered the most suitable for future paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic studies.

ABSTRACT External causes are defined as trauma, injuries or any other health damages of an intentional or unintentional nature. The objective of this study was to characterize the sociodemographic profile of victims of trauma caused by motorcycle accident and to identify the frequency of these events. It was a retrospective, quantitative and descriptive-exploratory study developed at the Clinical Hospital of a public university in Minas Gerais. The sample consisted of 64 motorcycle accident records. These patients were older than 14 years, remained hospitalized until discharge, transference or death. We used an adapted instrument covering sociodemographic variables and aspects related to the traumatic event. It was evidenced that the majority of the patients came from Uberaba, had complete primary education, was of the male gender, in the age group of 20 to 29 years, and had white skin color. The main medical diagnosis was tibial shaft fracture. The majority of the anatomical lesions affected the lower limbs, and the average hospital stay was 7.0 days. The night shift and Sundays prevailed with respect to frequency of occurrence of accidents. The months of March and July had a higher frequency of hospitalizations. According to the Rankin Scale, the victims were discharged with moderate disability. We conclude that motorcycle accidents are frequent in our country, characterizing a public health problem, with risk of death or incapacitating sequels. Studies such as this can provide subsidies for the creation of public policies, to implement health prevention and promotion measures.

RESUMEN Los traumatismos, lesiones o cualesquiera otros agravios a la salud, intencionales o no, son considerados causas externas. El objeto de este estudio fue caracterizar el perfil demográfico de las víctimas de traumatismos por accidente de motocicleta e identificar la frecuencia de dichos eventos. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, cuantitativo y exploratorio descriptivo, desarrollado en el hospital de clínicas de una universidad pública del estado de Minas Gerais. La muestra estaba compuesta por 64 registros de accidentes de motocicleta. Los pacientes eran mayores de 14 años, permanecieron internados hasta el alta hospitalaria, su transferencia o su deceso. Se utilizó un instrumento adaptado de variables sociodemográficas y aspectos vinculados al evento traumático. Se evidenció que la mayoría de los pacientes era de Uberaba, con enseñanza primaria completa, varones, entre 20 y 29 años y de tez blanca. El principal diagnóstico médico era fractura de diáfisis de la tibia. La mayoría de las lesiones anatómicas era en las extremidades inferiores y el promedio de permanencia en el hospital de 7 días. Los accidentes ocurrían principalmente de noche y durante los domingos. Hubo más internaciones en los meses de marzo y julio. Según la escala de Rankin, las víctimas fueron dadas de alta con incapacidad moderada. Se puede concluir que los accidentes de motocicleta son frecuentes en nuestro medio y que constituyen un problema de salud pública, con riesgo de muerte o de secuelas discapacitantes. Estudios como éste pueden contribuir a elaborar políticas públicas con miras a la implementación de medidas preventivas y de promoción de la salud.

RESUMO As causas externas são definidas como traumatismos, lesões ou quaisquer outros agravos à saúde de natureza intencional ou não. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico das vítimas de trauma por acidente de motocicleta e identificar a frequência desses eventos. Tratou-se de estudo retrospectivo, quantitativo e descritivo-exploratório, desenvolvido no Hospital de Clínicas de uma universidade pública de Minas Gerais. A amostra foi composta de 64 prontuários de acidentes motociclísticos. Esses pacientes eram maiores de 14 anos, permaneceram internados até a alta hospitalar, transferência ou óbito. Foi utilizado um instrumento adaptado composto por variáveis sociodemográficas e aspectos relacionados ao evento traumático. Foi evidenciado que a maioria dos pacientes era procedente de Uberaba, com ensino fundamental completo, sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos, cor de pele branca. O principal diagnóstico médico foi o de fratura da diáfise da tíbia. A maioria das lesões anatômicas era localizada nos membros inferiores, sendo a permanência hospitalar média de 7,0 dias. Prevaleceu o período noturno e o domingo como de maior ocorrência de acidentes. Os meses de março e julho tiveram maior frequência de internação. De acordo com a Escala de Rankin, as vítimas tiveram alta com incapacidade moderada. Pode-se concluir que os acidentes motociclísticos são frequentes em nosso meio, caracterizando um problema de saúde pública, com risco de morte ou de sequelas incapacitantes. Estudos como este podem fornecer subsídio para elaboração de políticas públicas, para implementar medidas preventivas e de promoção à saúde.

RESUMO Composto orgânico produzido a partir de biomassa residual constitui uma alternativa viável para a substituição parcial ou total de fertilizantes minerais no cultivo de hortaliças. Neste estudo foram avaliados os efeitos do composto, sobre a qualidade da água de um córrego, usado principalmente para a irrigação de culturas agrícolas cultivadas em solo nas proximidades, tratado nos últimos dez anos com composto orgânico produzido a partir de carcaças, resíduos animais e vegetais. Amostras de água foram coletadas semestralmente, em 2013 e 2014, em cinco pontos ao longo do córrego. Foram analisadas variáveis físicas, algumas variáveis químicas e o número total de coliformes (Escherichia coli). As populações bacterianas foram comparadas pelo consumo de substratos de carbono. Os teores de fósforo total nas amostras de 2014 ultrapassaram 0,1 mg L-1. As concentrações das demais espécies químicas analisadas e os resultados para as variáveis fisicas ficaram de acordo com valores estabelecidos em normas nacionais e internacionais de qualidade de água. O ambiente mostrou consumo diferencial de fontes de carbono e grande diversidade de micro-organismos, mas os resultados não mostraram qualquer evidência de que o composto aplicado seja o fator responsável pela alteração da população microbiana ou sua atividade metabólica. Este estudo mostra que o uso do composto orgânico em áreas agrícolas parece não influenciar negativamente a qualidade da água superficial na área estudada. Estes resultados são importantes porque o processo de compostagem de resíduos animais e vegetais e o uso do composto obtido podem ser uma alternativa sustentável para o destino adequado desses resíduos.

ABSTRACT Organic compost from biomass residues constitutes a viable alternative for partial or total replacement of mineral fertilizers for growing vegetables. This study evaluated the effects of compost on the water quality of a stream used mainly for irrigation of agricultural crops cultivated in nearby soil that has been treated with organic compost produced by carcasses, animal and vegetable waste for the last ten years. We sampled water biannually for two years, 2013 and 2014, from five locations along the stream. Physical variables and some chemical variables were analyzed. We also analyzed the total number of coliforms (Escherichia coli). Bacterial populations were compared by carbon substrate consumption. Total phosphorus contents in the samples from 2014 exceeded 0.1 mg L-1. The concentrations of other chemical species analyzed and the results for the physical variables were in accordance with the expected values compared with national and international water quality standards. The environment showed differential carbon source consumption and a high diversity of microorganisms, but our results did not show any evidence that the applied compost is changing the microbial population or its metabolic activity. This study shows that the use of the organic compost in agricultural areas seen does not negatively influence the quality of surface water in the study area. These results are important because the process of composting animal and vegetable waste and the use of compost obtained can be an alternative sustainable for adequate destination of these wastes.