Abstract Introduction Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) are a diverse group of highly reactive molecules that play a vital role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), leading to a decline in functional and cognitive capacity. The objective of this study was to assess the intake and quantification of AGEs in individuals with PD and to correlate them with their functional and cognitive abilities. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 20 PD patients and 20 non-PD individuals as the Control group (C). The autofluorescence reader was used to evaluate skin AGEs, while food recall was used to quantify AGEs consumed for three different days. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Short Physical Performance Battery, and handgrip tests were used. PD patients demonstrated greater impairment in functional capacity compared to the control group. Results Dominant Handgrip (p = 0.02) and motor performance, in the sit and stand test (p = 0.01) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) (p = 0.01) were inferior in PD patients than the control group. Although PD patients tended to consume less AGEs than the control group, AGE intake was negatively correlated with handgrip strength in individuals with PD (r = -0.59; p < 0.05). Conclusion PD patients had lower strength and functional capacity, suggesting that the effects of AGEs might be exacerbated during chronic diseases like Parkinson's. EndProducts End Products (AGEs disorders Parkinsons Parkinson s PD, , (PD) abilities crosssectional cross sectional 2 nonPD non C. C . (C) days Assessment 0.02 002 0 02 performance 0.01 001 01 SPPB (SPPB r 0.59 059 59 -0.59 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) Parkinsons. s. (PD (C 0.0 00 0.5 5 -0.5 0. -0. -0 -

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate and correlate the sagittal balance parameters with the postural of the pelvis and lumbar spine. Methods: 80 individuals of both sexes, aged between 20 and 35 years, were evaluated. Biophotogrammetry was done with the SAPO software program. Measurements of the sagittal balance parameters were obtained by analyzing a lateral view panoramic radiography of the vertebral column, in which the anatomical points of reference were digitally marked. The calculation of the angles was done automatically by the Keops program. Results: In Keops assessment, 17.5% of the sample had high pelvic incidence angles (> 60°), 31.5% had low pelvic incidence angles (< 45°), and 51.2% had medium pelvic incidence angles (between 46° and 59°). SAPO showed 12,5% lordosis, 40% retroversion, and 47,5% normal curvature. In the right lateral view, pelvic incidence angle had a moderate and positive correlation with vertical alignment of the trunk and with vertical alignment of the body, and a negative and moderate correlation with horizontal alignment of the pelvis. Conclusion: Differences were found between vertical alignment measurements from the postural evaluation system (SAPO). A positive correlation was found between PI from Keops and pelvic anteversion from SAPO. Level of Evidence II; Prospective Study. Objective spine Methods 8 sexes 2 3 years evaluated program column marked Results assessment 175 17 5 17.5 > ( 60°, 60 60° , 60°) 315 31 31.5 < 45°, 45 45° 45°) 512 51 51.2 46 59°. 59 59° . 59°) 125 12 12,5 lordosis 40 retroversion 475 47 47,5 curvature body Conclusion (SAPO) II Study 1 17. 6 31. 4 51. 12, 47, (SAPO

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar e correlacionar o equilíbrio sagital com parâmetros posturais da pelve e coluna lombar Métodos: Foram avaliados 80 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 20 e 35 anos. A biofotogrametria foi realizada com o software SAPO. As medidas dos parâmetros do equilíbrio sagital foram obtidas pela análise de uma radiografia panorâmica em perfil da coluna vertebral, na qual os pontos anatômicos de referência foram marcados digitalmente. O cálculo dos ângulos foi feito automaticamente pelo programa Keops. Resultados: Na avaliação Keops, 17,5% da amostra apresentavam ângulos de incidência pélvicos altos (> 60°), 31,5% tinham ângulos de incidência pélvicos baixos (< 45°) e 51,2% apresentavam ângulos de incidência pélvicos médios (entre 46° e 59°). O SAPO apresentou 12,5% de lordose, 40% de retroversão e 47,5% de curvatura normal. Na vista lateral direita, o ângulo de incidência da pelve apresentou correlação moderada e positiva com o alinhamento vertical do tronco e com o alinhamento vertical do corpo e negativa e moderada com o alinhamento horizontal da pelve. Conclusão: Foram encontradas diferenças entre as medidas de alinhamento vertical do sistema de avaliação postural (SAPO). Uma correlação positiva foi encontrada entre IP de Keops e anteversão pélvica de SAPO. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo Prospectivo. Objetivo Métodos 8 sexos 2 3 anos vertebral digitalmente Resultados 175 17 5 17,5 > ( 60°, 60 60° , 60°) 315 31 31,5 < 45° 45 512 51 51,2 46 59°. 59 59° . 59°) 125 12 12,5 lordose 40 475 47 47,5 normal direita Conclusão (SAPO) II Prospectivo 1 17, 6 31, 4 51, 12, 47, (SAPO

Abstract Introduction An accurate assessment of balance problems is critical for decreasing the risk of falling in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). Reliable diagnostic tools such as Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) are not feasible for the clinical setting. Therefore, the present study's aim was to assess the correlation between the clinical Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and CDP. Methods 20 male older adults with Parkinson's Disease (PD) were included in this study. Participants first executed the Sit-To-Stand (STS), Step/Quick turn (SQT), and Step Up and Over (SUO) tests on a Balance Master® force platform, followed by a clinical balance evaluation using the BESTest. Results Four outcomes of the CDP were negatively correlated with one or more BESTest domains or total BESTest score: STS sway velocity was negatively correlated with the anticipatory postural adjustment (p = 0.02) and sensory orientation (p = 0.01) domains. SQT turn time was negatively correlated with biomechanical restriction (for turns to the left, p = 0.01, and right, p = 0.03, respectively), postural response (p = 0.01, p = 0.01), dynamic balance during gait (p = 0.007, p = 0.001), and total score (p = 0.02, p = 0.01). Step over time to the right in SUP was negatively correlated with the limits of the stability domain (p = 0.002) and total BESTest score (p = 0.020). SUO impact index was negatively correlated with the anticipatory postural adjustment domain (p = 0.01). Conclusion This study shows that several BESTest domains are significantly correlated with CDP outcomes, demonstrating that the BESTest can be used as a more clinically feasible alternative for computerized posturography, without loss of information. Parkinsons Parkinson s PD. PD . (CDP setting Therefore studys (BESTest 2 (PD SitToStand Sit To Stand STS, , (STS) StepQuick Quick SQT, (SQT) (SUO Master platform 0.02 002 0 02 0.01 001 01 left 003 03 0.03 respectively, respectively respectively) 0007 007 0.007 0.001, 0001 0.001 0.001) 0.01. 0.002 0002 0.020. 0020 0.020 020 0.020) posturography information (STS (SQT 0.0 00 000 0.00 0.

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e fatores associados em pessoas maiores que vivem em instituições de cuidados de longo prazo (ILPI). Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico com desenho transversal composto por indivíduos de 60 anos ou mais, de ambos os sexos, residentes nas três ILPI públicas da cidade de São Paulo - SP. A coleta de dados foi realizada de julho de 2016 a fevereiro de 2019, por meio de um questionário, onde se verificaram aspectos sociodemográficos; vermelho de apoio e condições de saúde.Para detectar sintomas depressivos foi utilizado o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI) e o estado cognitivo foi avaliado por meio do Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM).O presente estudo associa uma prevalência de sintomas de depressão em 75,7% dos entrevistados. . , com prevalência do sexo masculino (39,4%). Hubo associação significativa entre os sintomas depressivos e as variáveis: dor (p=0,006) e limitações de movimento (p=0,003). Com base na apresentação, é necessário criar e implementar políticas públicas e acompanhamento desses pacientes, que permitam o tratamento e prevenção dessas condições variáveis.

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e fatores associados em pessoas maiores que vivem em instituições de cuidados de longo prazo (ILPI). Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico com desenho transversal composto por indivíduos de 60 anos ou mais, de ambos os sexos, residentes nas três ILPI públicas da cidade de São Paulo - SP. A coleta de dados foi realizada de julho de 2016 a fevereiro de 2019, por meio de um questionário, onde se verificaram aspectos sociodemográficos; vermelho de apoio e condições de saúde.Para detectar sintomas depressivos foi utilizado o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI) e o estado cognitivo foi avaliado por meio do Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM).O presente estudo associa uma prevalência de sintomas de depressão em 75,7% dos entrevistados. . . , com prevalência do sexo masculino (39,4%). Hubo associação significativa entre os sintomas depressivos e as variáveis: dor (p=0,006) e limitações de movimento (p=0,003). Com base na apresentação, é necessário criar e implementar políticas públicas e acompanhamento desses pacientes, que permitam o tratamento e prevenção dessas condições variáveis.

O objetivo desse artigo é identificar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e fatores associados em idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência (ILPIs). Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico com delineamento transversal composto por indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, de ambos os sexos, residentes nas dez ILPIs públicas do município de São Paulo - SP. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de julho de 2016 a fevereiro de 2019, por meio de um questionário, onde foram verificados os aspectos sociodemográficos; rede de apoio e as condições de saúde. Para detecção de sintomas depressivos foi utilizada o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (IDB) e o estado cognitivo foi avaliado pelo Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM). O presente estudo identificou uma prevalência de sintomas de depressão em 75,7% dos entrevistados, com predomínio do sexo masculino (39,4%). Houve associação significante entre sintomas depressivos e as variáveis: de dor (p=0,006) e limitação do movimento (p=0,003). Através do que foi observado, se faz necessário a criação e implementação de políticas públicas e o acompanhamento desses pacientes, que possibilitem o tratamento e a prevenção dessas condições variáveis.

Abstract Context: Many studies show the importance of evaluating the adaptation time of subjects in a virtual driving environment, looking forwards to a response as closest as a possible real vehicle. Objectives: This study aimed to identify and analyze the adaptation to the driving simulator in older adults and middle-aged adults with and without a distraction, and a secondary aim was to identify predictors of safe performance for older adults’ drives. Design: Male and female middle-aged adults (n = 62, age = 30.3 ± 7.1 years) and older adults (n = 102, age = 70.4 ± 5.8 years) were evaluated for braking time performance in a driving simulator; cognition performance assessment included the Mini-Mental State Examination; motor evaluation included ankle flexor muscle strength with the isokinetic dynamometer and handgrip strength; the postural balance was evaluated with Timed Up and Go test, with and without a cognitive distraction task. Results: Older adults (men and women) and middle-aged adult women require more time to adapt to the driving simulator. The distractor increases the adaptation time for all groups. The main predictors of braking time for older women are age, muscle strength, and postural balance associated with distraction, and for older men, muscle strength. Conclusions: Age, sex, and distractor interfere in the adaptation of the virtual task of driving in a simulator. The evaluation model developed with multi-domains demonstrated the ability to predict which skills are related to braking time with and without the presence of the distractor. Context environment vehicle Objectives middleaged middle aged drives Design n 62 303 30 3 30. 71 7 1 7. years 102 704 70 4 70. 58 5 8 5. MiniMental Mini Mental Examination test Results men groups Conclusions Age sex multidomains multi domains 6 10

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la percepción de salud, calidad de vida y capacidad funcional durante seis meses posteriores a la hospitalización por COVID-19. Se trata de un estudio prospectivo longitudinal, realizado en la Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT) y el Instituto Ânima Brasil. Se evaluaron a trece participantes, entre adultos jóvenes y adultos mayores, que tenían diagnóstico confirmado del COVID-19 y se encontraban hospitalizados por complicaciones de esa enfermedad. Se utilizó un cuestionario de caracterización e interdisciplinario elaborado por los investigadores para evaluar la percepción de salud, la calidad de vida y la capacidad funcional de los participantes. En este estudio se realizó seguimiento de los participantes durante un período de seis meses, y los principales resultados fueron: un significativo aumento en el tiempo de caminata después de tres meses (p=0,002), así como una mejora en la percepción de la calidad de vida (p=0,002). Además, se evaluaron los niveles de cansancio y de actividad física, y las respuestas medias fueron “poco cansado” e “irregularmente activo”, las cuales se mantuvieron sin cambios durante seis meses. Considerando que los pacientes que fueron hospitalizados por COVID-19 presentaron una reducción en la percepción de calidad de vida y en el tiempo de marcha tras el período en el hospital, se identificó que con el tiempo tienden a mejorar estas percepciones. salud COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 longitudinal USJT (USJT Brasil mayores COVID-1 enfermedad p=0,002, p0002 p p=0,002 , 0 002 (p=0,002) p=0,002. . Además física poco cansado irregularmente activo, activo activo” hospital percepciones COVID1 1 COVID- p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,002 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 p=0 (p=0, p= (p=0 (p= (p

ABSTRACT The study aims to evaluate the perception of health, quality of life and functional capacity during six months after COVID-19-related hospitalization. This is a prospective longitudinal study carried out at Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT) in partnership with the Instituto Ânima Brasil. Thirteen adult participants, including young and older adults, were evaluated, had a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and were hospitalized. A characterization and interdisciplinary questionnaire built by the researchers was used to assess health perception, quality of life, and functional capacity of participants. In this study, participants were followed for a 6-month period and the main results obtained were: the identification of a significant increase in walking time after three months (p=0.002) as well as an improvement in the perception of quality of life (p=0.002). In addition, the levels of tiredness and physical activity were evaluated; the mean responses were “little tired” and “irregularly active,” respectively, and remained unchanged over six months. Considering that patients who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 showed a reduction in the perception of quality of life and walking time soon after the hospital period, it was identified that over time they tend to improve these perceptions. COVID19related COVIDrelated COVID 19 related hospitalization USJT (USJT Brasil adults evaluated COVID19 COVID-1 6month month 6 p=0.002 p0002 p 0 002 (p=0.002 p=0.002. . addition little tired irregularly active, active respectively perceptions 1 COVID1 COVID- p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.00 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 p=0. p0 (p=0. p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a percepção de saúde, a qualidade de vida e a capacidade funcional dos pacientes durante seis meses após a internação por COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento prospectivo longitudinal realizado na Universidade São Judas Tadeu (USJT) em parceria com o Instituto Ânima Brasil. Foram avaliados 13 participantes adultos, entre jovens e idosos, que apresentaram diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 e foram internados. Foi utilizado um questionário de caracterização e interdisciplinar construído especificamente para inquirir a percepção de saúde, a qualidade de vida e a capacidade funcional dos participantes. Neste estudo, eles foram acompanhados no período de seis meses, e os principais resultados obtidos foram: a identificação do aumento significativo no tempo de caminhada após três meses (p=0,002), bem como a melhora na percepção de qualidade de vida (p=0,002). Além disso, foram avaliados os níveis de cansaço e de prática de atividade física, e as respostas médias foram, respectivamente, “pouco cansaço” e “irregularmente ativo”, as quais se mantiveram inalteradas ao longo de seis meses. Tendo em vista que os pacientes que foram submetidos à internação hospitalar devido à COVID-19 apresentaram redução da percepção de qualidade de vida e do tempo de caminhada logo após o período hospitalar, foi identificado que, com o decorrer do tempo, eles demonstraram tendência de melhora dessas percepções. saúde COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 Tratase Trata USJT (USJT Brasil 1 adultos idosos COVID-1 internados p=0,002, p0002 p p=0,002 , 0 002 (p=0,002) p=0,002. . disso física respectivamente pouco irregularmente ativo, ativo ativo” percepções COVID1 COVID- p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,002 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 p=0 (p=0, p= (p=0 (p= (p

RESUMEN Introducción: El esguince de tobillo es frecuente en las actividades deportivas y puede provocar inestabilidad articular con consecuencias clínicas y de desempeño. Se han utilizado plataformas de inversión súbita del tobillo para estudiar el mecanismo del esguince de tobillo. Objetivos: Probar una plataforma estática que simule el movimiento de esguince de tobillo (inversión súbita) en jugadores de fútbol. Métodos: La plataforma fue desarrollada para realizar el movimiento brusco del esguince de tobillo disociado en tres ejes: inversión, flexión plantar y rotación medial. También se creó un programa informático para leer la velocidad angular y el tiempo para alcanzar la máxima amplitud de los tres ejes de movimiento, sincronizados con los movimientos de la plataforma. Treinta futbolistas sin esguince de tobillo fueron evaluados en la plataforma súbita. Cada atleta realizó 10 pruebas, iniciadas al azar, cinco en cada pierna. Resultados: Entre las pruebas, no hubo diferencias estadísticas en las velocidades angulares y el tiempo para alcanzar la amplitud máxima de los movimientos de flexión plantar y rotación medial. Durante las pruebas, la velocidad angular de la inversión aumentó. Conclusión: La plataforma estática súbita, evaluada en 10 intentos, fue confiable para evaluar los movimientos realizados por el tobillo durante el esguince, y no hubo diferencias en el comportamiento mecánico. Nivel de Evidencia I; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento. Introducción desempeño Objetivos fútbol Métodos medial 1 pruebas azar pierna Resultados aumentó Conclusión intentos mecánico I tratamiento

ABSTRACT Introduction: Ankle sprains are frequent in sports activities and can lead to joint instability with clinical and performance consequences. Sudden ankle inversion platforms have been used to study the mechanism of ankle sprain. Objectives: To test a static platform that simulates the movement of ankle sprain (sudden inversion) in soccer players. Methods: A platform was developed to perform the sudden movement of an ankle sprain dissociated in three axes: inversion, plantar flexion, and medial rotation. A computer program was also created to read the angular velocity and the time to reach the maximum amplitude of the three axes of movement, synchronized with the platform movements. Thirty soccer players without ankle sprains were evaluated on the sudden inversion platform. Each athlete performed 10 randomly initiated tests, with five per leg. Results: There was no statistical difference in angular velocity or time to reach maximum range of motion of plantar flexion and medial rotation between the tests. During the tests, the angular velocity of the inversion increased. Conclusion: The sudden static platform evaluated the movements performed by the ankle during the sprain reliably in the 10 tests with no difference in the mechanical behavior. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment outcomes. Introduction consequences Objectives Methods 1 leg Results increased Conclusion behavior I outcomes

RESUMO Introdução: A entorse do tornozelo é frequente nas atividades esportivas, podendo levar à instabilidade articular com consequências clínicas e de desempenho. As plataformas de inversão súbita do tornozelo têm sido usadas para estudar o mecanismo de entorse do tornozelo. Objetivos: Testar uma plataforma estática que simule o movimento de entorse do tornozelo (inversão súbita) em jogadores de futebol. Métodos: A plataforma foi desenvolvida para realizar o movimento súbito da entorse de tornozelo dissociado em três eixos: inversão, flexão plantar e rotação medial. Também foi criado um programa de computador para leitura da velocidade angular e do tempo para atingir a amplitude máxima dos três eixos de movimento, sincronizados com os movimentos da plataforma. Trinta jogadores de futebol sem entorse de tornozelo foram avaliados na plataforma súbita. Cada atleta fez 10 testes, iniciados de forma aleatória, sendo cinco em cada perna. Resultados: Entre os testes, não houve diferença estatística das velocidades angulares e tempo para atingir a amplitude máxima do movimento de flexão plantar e rotação medial. Durante os testes, a velocidade angular da inversão aumentou. Conclusão: A plataforma estática súbita, avaliada em 10 tentativas, foi confiável para avaliar os movimentos executados pelo tornozelo durante a entorse, e não houve diferença de comportamento mecânico. Nível de evidência I; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento. Introdução esportivas desempenho Objetivos Métodos medial 1 testes aleatória perna Resultados aumentou Conclusão tentativas mecânico I tratamento

Abstract Identifying indicators that contribute to a favourable living condition becomes of great value for the diagnosis, as well as implementing preventive and health-promoting actions. The present work objective was to evaluate and compare the lifestyle, depressive symptoms and functional aptitude of elderly men and women attending a community centre. The sample consisted of 277 elderly people, 197 (71%) women and 80 (29%) men aged above 60 years. The elderly were evaluated using a questionnaire to assess lifestyle and depressive symptoms, and their functional fitness was assessed by functional autonomy tests. The differences between the parameters were analysed by the student’s t-test and χ2 whenever appropriate. Depressive symptoms were present in 35% of the elderly; however, the lifestyle analysis showed that 57.40% of the elderly had a very good classification, followed by 24.55% as good, 17.33% as excellent and 0.72% as regular. Regarding functional fitness, 19.39% of the elderly had a score related to a very good level, 15.97% good, 16.35% fair and 45.29% weak. The results found in this study suggest that the elderly attending the community centre presented low depressive symptoms with a lifestyle classification considered very good, however, with poor functional fitness with differences in some parameters between men and women.

Abstract Context: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is disabling in several sports because it causes knee instability and functional deficit. Usually, surgical treatments produce the best functional outcomes, however, sometimes they are not always able to fully restore stability and function. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate postural balance, muscle strength, and functional performance of young athletes with an ACL injury before and after ACL reconstruction. Design: This was a longitudinal observational prospective study. Method: 74 athletes, 60 men, and 14 women, aged between 16 and 45, divided into two groups: the Group-Lesion of ACL with 34 athletes (24.1 years) and the Group-Control with 40 athletes without ACL lesion (27.7 years old). All volunteers performed posturography, isokinetic dynamometry, and the Hop-Test. The ACL-Group was evaluated before and 12 months after the reconstruction and the control group was evaluated once. Results: The Postoperative ACL Group presented greater limb symmetry, 0.96 (± 0.12), than the preoperative ACL Group, 0.87 (± 0.17), p < 0.01 in the Hop-Test. In the posturography, the displacement area was smaller in the postoperative ACL Group, 19.85 (± 5.74), compared to the preoperative ACL Group, 24.20 (± 8.97), p < 0.01. In isokinetic dynamometry the torque peak was greater in the postoperative ACL Group, 0.91 (± 0.14), than in the preoperative ACL Group, 0.74 (± 0.15), p < 0.01. Conclusion: The functional outcomes increased in ACL reconstruction athletes after 12 months, but not at the same level as in the Control Group. The result indicates an incomplete functional recovery, adaptive changes in postural control after injury, reconstruction, and return to sport.

Abstract Context Aging causes a progressive worsening in postural balance, affecting functional independence and increasing the risk of falls. Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of aging on the static balance in women from 50-years to 89-years of age. Design This was a cross-sectional study, with 400 irregularly active women were evaluated and grouped by age: Group 6thdecade (age 50 to 59) ‒ 58 participants; Group 7thdecade (age 60 to 69) ‒ 214 participants; Group 8thdecade (age 70 to 79) ‒ 92 participants; Group 9thdecade (age 80 to 89) ‒ 36 participants. Postural balance was evaluated using a portable force platform in a standard standing position, with Eyes Open (EO) and Eyes Closed (EC). Results In the two measurement conditions, the elderly women in Group 9thdecade presented mediolateral displacement and range, and mean velocity greater than the women's values in Groups 6thand 7thdecade. In the EO e EC situation, the displacement was higher in the elderly Group 9thdecade compared to younger groups. Group 8thhas a mean velocity greater than Group 6thdecade in the EO situation. Conclusions Posturography showed a decline in postural balance with advancing age, suggesting that the 9thdecade of life is a borderline age to this detriment due to an increase in postural instability.

Abstract Context In the elderly, weak lower limb muscles impair functional tasks' performance. Objective To evaluate the healthy elderly's ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion maximum torque and its variability in two sets of 5 RM isokinetics evaluation. Method 50 women (68.0 ± 4.6 years old) and 50 men (72.7 ± 8.5 years old) did two sets of ankle plantar flexor and dorsiflexor isokinetic tests at 30°/s. Peak torque, total work, and coefficient of variation were analyzed. Results Men did the strongest plantarflexion torque (p < 0.05) and dorsiflexion torque (p < 0.05); their highest peak torque occurred at set 2 (p < 0.05), while the largest plantarflexion torque variability (p < 0.05), dorsiflexion torque variability (p < 0.05), and the largest plantarflexion torque variability occurred at set 1 (p < 0.05). Men did the highest plantarflexion and dorsiflexion total work (p < 0.05) at set 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion Older men are stronger than older women. The torque variability, in men, was higher during the first set, suggesting an adaptation to the isokinetics evaluation. Clinicians and researchers should consider that different muscles might need different numbers of sets and trials to measure their maximal muscle strength.

Resumo Objetivo Correlacionar os sintomas depressivos com a capacidade de realização das atividades básicas de vida diária e a qualidade de vida em idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência. Métodos Estudo transversal, com amostra constituída por 99 idosos, residentes nas dez instituições de longa permanência para idosos públicas da cidade de São Paulo. Na coleta de dados utilizou-se os instrumentos Whoquol Bref e Old, Inventário de Depressão de Beck e Índice de Katz. Os dados foram coletados no período de julho de 2016 a fevereiro de 2019 e o tratamento estatístico foi realizado utilizando o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (SPSS – versão 24.0). Resultado Os idosos têm uma perceção positiva da sua qualidade de vida correlacionada com a independência para as atividades básicas de vida diária, com significância estatística para os domínios funcionamento sensorial (r = ,263), físico (r = ,200) e psicológico (r = ,214). E uma avaliação negativa em relação a sintomas depressivos nos domínios funcionamento sensorial (r = -,438), autonomia (r = -,310), atividade passada, presente e futura (r = -,384), participação social (r = -,368), morte e morrer (r = -,913), intimidade (r = -,351), físico (r = -,590), psicológico (r = -,539), relações sociais (r = -,382) e meio ambiente (r = -,533). Conclusão Os idosos independentes apresentaram melhores escores nos domínios funcionamento sensorial, físico e psicológico; já os com sintomas depressivos demostraram piores escores em todos os domínios da qualidade de vida.

Abstract Objective To correlate depressive symptoms with the ability to perform activities of daily living and the quality of life of elderly people living in Nursing Homes. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, with a sample consisting of 99 elderly people, living in ten public Nursing Homes in the city of São Paulo. Data collection used the instruments WHOQOL Bref and Old, Beck Depression Inventory and Katz Index. Data were collected from July 2016 to February 2019 and statistical treatment was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences® (SPSS - version 24.0). Results The elderly have a positive perception of their quality of life correlated with independence for activities of daily living, with statistical significance for sensory functioning (r = .263), physical (r = .200) and psychological (r = .214) domains; and a negative assessment in relation to depressive symptoms in sensory functioning (r = -.438), autonomy (r = -.310), past, present, and future activities (r = -.384), social participation (r = - .368), death and dying (r = -.913), intimacy (r = -.351), physical (r = -.590), psychological (r = -.539), social relationships (r = -.382), and environment (r = -.533) domains. Conclusion Independent elderly had better scores in sensory functioning, physical and psychological domains. Those with depressive symptoms had worse scores in all quality of life domains.

Resumen Objetivo Correlacionar los síntomas depresivos con la capacidad de realización de las actividades básicas de la vida diaria y la calidad de vida en adultos mayores residentes en instituciones de larga permanencia. Métodos Estudio transversal, con una muestra formada por 99 adultos mayores, residentes en las diez instituciones públicas de larga permanencia para adultos mayores en la ciudad de São Paulo. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizaron los instrumentos Whoquol Bref y Old, Inventario de Depresión de Beck e Índice de Katz. El período de recopilación de datos ocurrió de julio de 2016 a febrero de 2019 y el tratamiento estadístico se realizó utilizando el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® (SPSS – versión 24.0). Resultados Los adultos mayores tienen una percepción positiva de su calidad de vida que se correlaciona con la independencia para las actividades básicas de vida diaria, con significación estadística para los dominios funcionamiento sensorial (r = ,263), físico (r = ,200) y psicológico (r = ,214). Es una evaluación negativa con relación a síntomas depresivos en los dominios funcionamiento sensorial (r = -,438), autonomía (r = -,310), actividad pasada, presente y futura (r = -,384), participación social (r = -,368), muerte y morir (r = -,913), intimidad (r = -,351), físico (r = -,590), psicológico (r = -,539), relaciones sociales (r = -,382) y medioambiente (r = -,533). Conclusión Los adultos mayores independientes presentaron mejor puntuación en los dominios funcionamiento sensorial, físico y psicológico; con los síntomas depresivos demostraron peor puntuación en todos los dominios de la calidad de vida.

ABSTRACT Objective: Fatigue of the ankle’s stabilizing muscles may influence the performance of functional activities and postural control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of healthy young adults using functional jump tests and static posturography control under pre- and post-fatigue conditions of the ankle invertor and evertor muscles. Methods: Thirty physically active healthy male and female (15 male and 15 female) volunteers (24.3 years) were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. Participants performed tests on one day under a non-fatigued state of invertor and evertor muscles and on the second day in a fatigued state. Tests included static posturography on a force platform in a bipedal stance with eyes open and closed and in one-legged support with eyes open and functional jump tests (figure-of-8, side hop, 6-m crossover hop, and square hop). Fatigue of the ankle invertor and evertor muscles was induced using isokinetic dynamometry with 30 repetitions at 120°/s. Results: Participants had an average age of 24.3 years (SD ± 2.08), the height of 1.73 m (SD ± 0.08), and a weight of 68.63 kg (SD ± 10.29). The average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.88 (SD ± 2.46). A decrease in performance was observed in functional activities and postural control under all conditions after the induction of muscle fatigue, except for the speed at a bipedal stance with eyes open. Conclusions: Functional jump tests are low cost and useful for clinical practice and evaluation of the effects of muscle fatigue and could be used in clinical practice.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a relação da antropometria e composição corporal com o equilíbrio postural dinâmico em idosas com baixa Densidade Mineral Óssea (DMO). Métodos: 45 idosas (≥ 60 anos), baixa DMO e diagnóstico nutricional entre baixo peso e sobrepeso. Para a avaliação da composição corporal utilizou-se a densitometria por emissão de raios x de dupla energia e exame antropométrico para aferir: massa corporal (kg), estatura (cm) e índice de massa corporal (IMC) (k/m2). A avaliação do equilíbrio postural dinâmico foi realizada pelo teste clínico mini Balance Master Evaluation System, pelo teste computadorizado Balance Master ® System e pelos testes Sit-to-Stand e Step Up/Over. Resultados: Houve correlação negativa do miniBESTest (r = − 0,566; p ≤ 0,001) e tempo de subir e descer um degrau (r = − 0,393; p ≤ 0,007) com a massa gorda, e correlação positiva do miniBESTest (r = 0,526; p ≤ 0,001) e tempo de subir e descer um degrau com a massa muscular (r = 0,297; p ≤ 0,04). Quanto às variáveis antropométricas, apenas a estatura apresentou correlação positiva (r = 0,296; p ≤ 0,04) com a velocidade no teste de sentar-se e levantar-se. Conclusão: A massa magra reduz as oscilações posturais. Em contrapartida, a massa gorda interfere de forma negativa no equilíbrio postural dinâmico de mulheres com baixa DMO. A estatura esteve relacionada ao equilíbrio postural dinâmico: quanto mais altas as idosas pior era seu equilíbrio. Nível de Evidência II, Estudos prognósticos - Investigação do efeito de característica de um paciente sobre o desfecho da doença.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the relationship between anthropometry and body composition with dynamic postural balance in elderly women with low bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: 45 older women (≥ 60 years), low BMD and nutritional diagnosis of low weight to overweight. For the assessment of body composition, Dual energy X-ray emission densitometry and anthropometric examination were used to measure: body mass (kg), height (cm) and BMI (k/m2). The assessment of dynamic postural balance was performed by the mini Balance Master Evaluation System clinical test and the computerized Balance Master® System test by the Sit to Stand and Step Up/Over tests. Results: There was a negative correlation between miniBESTest (r = − 0.566; p ≤ 0.001) and time to ascend and descend step (r = − 0.393; p ≤ 0.007) with fat mass, and positive correlation with miniBESTest (r = 0.526; p ≤0.001) and time to go up and down a step with muscle mass (r = 0.297; p ≤ 0.04). As for anthropometric variables, only height showed a positive correlation (r = 0.296; p ≤ 0.04) with the speed in the sit and stand test. Conclusion: Lean mass reduces postural oscillations; in contrast, fat mass negatively interfered with dynamic postural balance in women with low BMD. Height was related to dynamic postural balance, the taller the elderly, the worse their balance. Level of Evidence II, Prognostic Studies - Investigating the Effect of a Patient Characteristic on the Outcome of Disease.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os efeitos de diferentes rotinas de treinamento em medidas de força e hipertrofia muscular. Métodos: Foram distribuídos em dois grupos de treinamento 67 indivíduos não treinados: Rotina Distribuída (n=35), com os grupos musculares treinados duas vezes por semana em uma divisão A/B com oito séries por sessão, ou Rotina de Corpo Inteiro (n=32), com os grupos musculares treinados quatro vezes por semana com quatro e oito séries por sessão de treinamento. Ambos os grupos realizaram de oito a 12 repetições máximas por série, com intervalo de 60 segundos entre as séries. A força e a espessura muscular máximas foram avaliadas no início e após oito semanas de treinamento. Resultados: Observaram-se diferenças significativas considerando o tempo (pré versus pós) para força máxima no supino, agachamento e espessura muscular de extensores do cotovelo, flexores do cotovelo e músculos do quadríceps femoral. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos para nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. Conclusão: O treinamento de força realizado duas ou quatro vezes por semana com volume de séries equalizado promove adaptações neuromusculares similares.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effects of different resistance training programs on measures of muscle strength and hypertrophy. Methods: Sixty-seven untrained subjects were randomized to one of two groups: Split Workout Routine (n=35), in which muscle groups were trained twice per week in an A/B split consisting of eight sets per session, or Full-Body Workout Routine (n=32), in which muscle groups were trained four times per week with four and eight sets per session. Both groups performed eight to 12 repetition maximum per set, with 60 seconds of rest between sets. Maximal strength and muscle thickness were assessed at baseline and after eight weeks of training. Results: A significant main effect of time (pre versus post) was observed for maximal strength in the bench press and squat exercises and thickness of the elbow extensor, elbow flexor and quadriceps femoris muscles. Selected variables did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion: Resistance training twice or four times per week has similar effects on neuromuscular adaptation, provided weekly set volume is equal.