RESUMO A berinjela é uma hortaliça considerada moderadamente sensível à salinidade e sua produção é afetada pelo déficit hídrico no solo, principalmente na fase reprodutiva da cultura. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do uso da irrigação com água salobra utilizando o gotejamento contínuo e pulsos na produção, consumo hídrico e eficiência do uso da água da berinjela e na salinização do solo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, arranjado em esquema fatorial 4 × 4, com cinco repetições, totalizando 80 parcelas. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela combinação de quatro formas de aplicação de água: gotejamento contínuo e pulsos durante todo o ciclo; gotejamento contínuo na fase vegetativa e por pulsos na fase reprodutiva e pulsos na fase vegetativa e gotejamento na reprodutiva; e quatro níveis de salinidade de água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,5; 3,0; 4,5 dS m−1). A inversão das formas de irrigação ocorreu aos 65 dias após o transplantio. Com o aumento da salinidade da água de 0,3 a 4,5 dS m−1, a produção total (-11,96%), comprimento do fruto (-5,05%) e eficiência do uso da água (-7,01%) reduziram enquanto, não se verificou efeito significativo para a forma de aplicação de água e interação entre os fatores estudados. A irrigação por pulsos proporcionou maior economia de água, e resultou em maior condutividade elétrica do extrato de saturação do solo. O gotejamento contínuo ou por pulsos durante todo o ciclo não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas quanto a eficiência do uso de água, mas a irrigação por pulsos é a mais indicada por proporcionar economia de água.

ABSTRACT Eggplant is a vegetable considered as moderately sensitive to salinity, and its production is affected by water deficit in the soil, mainly in the reproductive phase of the crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of irrigation with brackish water using continuous drip and pulse in production, water consumption, water use efficiency, and soil salinization. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, with five replicates, totaling 80 plots. The treatments consisted of four forms of water application, continuous drip, and pulse throughout the cycle; continuous drip in the vegetative phase and pulse in the reproductive phase, and pulse in the vegetative phase and drip in the reproductive phase and four levels of irrigation water salinity - ECw (0.3; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 dS m−1). The inversion of irrigation treatments occurred 65 days after transplanting. Increase in water salinity from 0.3 to 4.5 dS m−1, the total production (-11.96%), fruit length (-5.05%), and water use efficiency (-7.01%) reduced while there was no significant effect for the forms of water application and interaction between the studied factors. Pulse irrigation provided greater water savings and resulted in higher electrical conductivity in the soil saturation extract. The efficiency of water use did not show statistical difference when continuous drip or pulse irrigation was used throughout the cycle.

Resumo: Introdução: Há uma fragilidade histórica na formação dos profissionais da atenção à saúde indígena no Brasil e reconhece-se o despertar da sensibilidade para situações de diálogo entre diferentes culturas como essencial nesse contexto. Assim, surge em 2016 o projeto de extensão “Rodas de Conversa sobre a Saúde dos Povos Indígenas”, criado numa parceria entre professores de Medicina e estudantes indígenas do Programa de Educação Tutorial Indígena - Ações em Saúde, da Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Método: Este é um relato sobre os três anos dessa experiência, tendo sido construído a partir de uma análise documental de abordagem qualitativa. Os objetivos foram resgatar os temas e conteúdos desenvolvidos e discutir as vivências, as perspectivas e os diálogos desse espaço de encontro. Ao longo do texto há descrição das atividades realizadas e reconhecimento de suas potencialidades e seus limites. Resultados: Com base nos círculos de cultura e instrumentos de metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem, os encontros trataram de temas relacionados à saúde indígena, aqui agrupados em três categorias: identidade, cuidado e direitos indígenas. O formato em rodas de conversa possibilitou a construção de saberes no campo da saúde indígena relacionados às diferentes culturas, às políticas de saúde específicas e às concepções do processo saúde-doença, propiciando aproximação inicial com o contexto de saúde indígena no Brasil. Adicionalmente, proporcionou um espaço com protagonismo indígena que ousou apontar para olhares inovadores sobre questões identitárias e compreensões de saúde, doença e processos de cura, levantando inclusive epistemologias intrínsecas a essas populações. Conclusões: A partir do diálogo entre diferentes atores, foi possível despertar o interesse dos participantes para especificidades étnico-culturais e dar visibilidade à presença dos indígenas na universidade. Além disso, pode ser um primeiro passo para a construção de disciplinas interdisciplinares optativas e a inserção da temática nos currículos de graduação na área da saúde.

Abstract: Introduction: There is a historical fragility regarding the training of health care professionals working with the Indigenous Health System in Brazil and the awakening of the growing sensitivity for the promotion of intercultural dialogue is recognized as essential in this context. Thus, the project “Talking Circles about the Indigenous People’s Health” in the university emerged in 2016, developed in a partnership between medical school professors and indigenous students from the Indigenous Tutorial Education Program - PET Indígena - Health Actions, UFSCar. Method: This report is based on the qualitative documental analyses, aiming to present and discuss the experiences, perspectives and dialogues carried out during those meetings, the construction of diversity, the description of the activities performed and the exposure of their potentialities and limits. Results: Based on both Paulo Freire’s Culture Circles and active teaching-learning methodology tools, those meetings dealt with topics related to Indigenous People’s Health, the results of which were here grouped into three categories: Identity; Care; and Indigenous Rights. The Talking Circles format fostered the construction of new knowledge in indigenous health’s field related to different cultures, specific health policies, concepts of health-disease process, providing an initial approach on the indigenous health context in Brazil. Additionally, they provided a space with indigenous leadership that dared to indicate innovative perspectives on identity issues and health understandings, disease and healing processes, as well as raising the epistemology inherent to these populations. Conclusions: Based on the dialogue between different actors, it was possible to arouse interest of the health professionals regarding ethnic and cultural issues and give visibility to the indigenous people at the University. Moreover, it can be a first step towards the construction of optional interdisciplinary disciplines and the insertion of the topic in undergraduate school curricula in the health area.

Resumo: Introdução: A extensão universitária com populações excluídas socialmente pode ser uma estratégia na formação de profissionais sobre a diversidade cultural e social brasileira. A perspectiva da Educação Popular em Saúde (EPS) nesse contexto é uma das possibilidades para fomentar interações dialógicas entre ensino e comunidade, favorecendo espaço para o desenvolvimento da formação em saúde com compromisso social. O Projeto de Extensão Îandé Gûatá surge em 2013, na Paraíba, a partir dos princípios da EPS e da Extensão Popular, com foco no encontro entre indígenas Potiguara e estudantes de Medicina. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar os aprendizados construídos pelos extensionistas desse projeto em sua formação médica. Método: Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa a partir dos referenciais teórico-metodológicos das práticas discursivas. Utilizou-se a técnica da roda de conversa para construção de dados, realizada no momento de encerramento do ciclo do projeto. Para análise do material, foram identificados repertórios linguísticos a partir das falas dos sujeitos com construção de três conjuntos de sentidos: a extensão universitária como espaço contra-hegemônico de formação médica; o desenvolvimento de competências gerais para o futuro profissional de saúde; o encontro entre diferentes culturas nas vivências da extensão. Os repertórios linguísticos foram discutidos com base em referenciais teóricos de EPS, saúde indígena e competências na educação médica. Resultados: Nas falas dos estudantes, o projeto permitiu ganhos nos seguintes atributos: conhecimento, porque permitiu reflexões, identificação de lacunas e maior entendimento sobre o processo saúde-doença no contexto da população indígena; habilidades de fazer e receber críticas, de trabalho em equipe e de diálogo entre culturas diferentes; e atitudes, ampliando a postura do profissionalismo, a compreensão e a ação perante as questões éticas e sociais. Conclusões: Dessa forma, destacam não somente o desenvolvimento de competências gerais para o futuro médico, mas também as mais específicas, como a competência cultural. Além disso, enfatizam o desafio de dialogar na polaridade, de modo a diminuir as distâncias dentro do mesmo espaço institucional e do conflito cultural, e promover a compreensão e ação numa educação emancipatória. Esse coletivo de estudantes esperançou com a comunidade indígena a aproximação dessas distâncias, num compromisso coletivo de produzir mudança e transformação social.

Abstract: Introduction: University extension projects with socially excluded populations can be a strategy for the training of professionals in the cultural and social diversity of the Brazilian population. The practice of Popular Health Education (PHE) through university extension is one of the possibilities to foster dialogic interactions between teaching and the community and has been a space for the development of health education with social commitment. The Îandé Gûatá Extension Project was created in Paraíba in 2013, based on the principles of PHE and Popular Extension, focusing on the meeting between Potiguara indigenous people and Medical students. This study aimed to evaluate the learning built by this project students’ for their medical education. Method: Therefore, a qualitative approach research was developed through the analysis of discursive practices, using the talking circle technique at the end of the project cycle. To analyze the material, linguistic repertoires were identified from the subjects’ speech and three sets of meanings were built: extension university as a counter-hegemonic space of medical education; building skills for the future doctor; relations between health and culture in care. The linguistic repertoires were discussed based on theoretical references, such as popular health education, indigenous health and competences in medical education. Results: According to the students, this project allowed them gains in the attributes of: knowledge, as it allowed reflections, identification of gaps and greater understanding about the health-disease process in the context of the indigenous population; allowed gains in the ability of making and receiving criticism, teamwork and dialogue between different cultures; and allowed gains in attitudes, broadening the attitude of professionalism, the comprehension and performance on ethical issues and the construction of social commitment. Conclusion: Therefore, they highlight both the development of general competences for the future doctor, but also more specific ones, such as cultural competence. Moreover, the challenge of dialoguing in the polarity: aiming to reduce the distances within the same institutional space; cultural conflicts; and understanding and acting in an emancipatory education. This group of students wished, with the indigenous community, that these distances would be lessened, in a collective commitment aimed at producing change and social transformation.

Abstract RB985476 has a high tillering capacity, excellent canopy cover, high longevity, high agro-industrial yield, medium to low fiber content and high germination capacity after mechanical harvesting. RB985476 is resistant to smut, brown and orange rusts and recommended for harvest in the middle growing season in the south-central region of Brazil.

RESUMO A utilização de recursos derivados da própria propriedade agrícola para suprir necessidades dos produtores proporciona a redução de custos com insumos comerciais e a reciclagem de subprodutos, dentre eles, o resíduo líquido da produção de farinha de mandioca, denominado manipueira, que pode configurar-se como importante fonte de adubação. Objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e a produção de Capsicum chinense Jacq., em função de doses de manipueira associada a proporções de adubo mineral. O estudo foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 3 x 5, sendo 3 doses (0, 50 e 100 %) da adubação mineral recomendada para a cultura e 5 doses (0, 25, 50, 100 e 150 m³ ha-1) de manipueira, com 4 repetições. As doses de manipueira influenciaram na produtividade da cultura, apresentando tendência linear. A dose de 150 m3 ha-1 proporcionou produtividade equivalente à obtida com a aplicação de 100 % da adubação mineral recomendada para essa cultura, permitindo, assim, a substituição parcial ou total dessa adubação pela manipueira.

ABSTRACT The use of resources derived from the agricultural property itself to meet the needs of producers promotes the reduction of costs with commercial inputs and recycling of by-products, among them the liquid waste from the cassava flour production, called cassava wastewater, which can be an important fertilization source. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of Capsicum chinense Jacq., as a function of cassava wastewater doses associated with mineral fertilizer proportions. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with treatments distributed in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to 3 doses (0, 50 and 100 %) of the mineral fertilization recommended for the crop and 5 doses (0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 m³ ha-1) of cassava wastewater, with 4 replicates. The cassava wastewater doses influenced the crop yield, showing a linear trend. The dose of 150 m3 ha-1 promoted a yield equivalent to that obtained with the application of 100 % of the mineral fertilization recommended for this crop, thus enabling the partial or total replacement of this fertilization by cassava wastewater.

Abstract RB005014 was developed for the Brazilian central-south region, for harvesting between July and September and planting on soils that have moderate or higher fertility levels. It has high tillering, high sucrose yield, excellent ratooning ability after mechanical harvesting, resistance to the main diseases and carries the Bru1 gene of brown rust resistance.

ABSTRACT. The effects of pulse drip, drip line position and soil mulch on water use efficiency in yields of zucchini cv. Clarinda were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Engineering Department of the Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, for two years. For the first year of the experiment, the experimental design was a randomized block design with a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design (continuous and pulse drip irrigation, surface and subsurface dripping, with and without plastic mulch), with four replications. For the second year of the experiment, the design was completely randomized in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design with eight treatments and five replications. In relation to the position of the drip line, the subsurface drip line was installed at a 0.15-m depth, and the soil mulch was made with double-sided plastic (white/black). The results indicated that pulse drip irrigation did not affect the yield of zucchini and that soil mulch increased the yield and water use efficiency. In terms of the drip line position, the subsurface drip line increased the yield in the first year, but it had no effect on water use efficiency.

Experiências de formação médica com a inserção de estudantes em contextos interculturais – populações indígenas, quilombolas e ribeirinhas – são ainda escassas no Brasil. Este artigo traz um relato de experiência sobre as vivências significativas de acadêmicos de Medicina junto à comunidade indígena Potiguara, no Projeto de Extensão Iandé Guatá, na Paraíba (Brasil). A partir da elaboração de mapas conceituais, as vivências mais significativas foram descritas e discutidas, utilizando-se narrativas e relatórios produzidos pelos extensionistas ao longo do projeto. As vivências relatadas expressam que o processo de aprendizagem dos estudantes os aproximou do universo indígena, permitindo superar o imaginário romântico, mediante à imersão na cultura local, reconhecendo-se nesses alunos um compromisso com a transformação social. Espaços dialógicos como o desta experiência permitem desenvolver competências para o trabalho comunitário e o reconhecimento e a valorização de saberes tradicionais.

Educational interventions providing medical students opportunities to engage in intercultural contexts (for example, indigenous, quilombola, and riverine communities) are still scarce in Brazil. This article provides an account of the experiences of medical students participating in the Iandé Guatá Extension Project conducted in the Potiguara indigenous community in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. The students’ most significant experiences were described and discussed using concept maps, reports, and narratives produced by the participants throughout the project. The experiences recounted by the students show that the learning process brought them closer to the community’s world and that by immersing themselves in the local culture they dispelled romantic visions and developed a sense of commitment to social transformation. Dialogical opportunities such as those provided by this experience promote intercultural competence and help students to recognize and value traditional knowledge.

Experiencias de formación médica con la inserción de estudiantes en contextos interculturales, tales como poblaciones indígenas, quilombolas y que viven a las orillas de los ríos, todavía son escasas en Brasil. Este artículo brinda un relato de experiencia sobre las vivencias significativas de académicos de Medicina con la comunidad indígena Potiguara, en el Proyecto de Extensión Iandé Guatá, en el Estado de Paraíba (Brasil). A partir de la elaboración de mapas conceptuales, las vivencias más significativas se describieron y discutieron, utilizándose informes y narrativas producidas por los extensionistas en el transcurso del proyecto. Las vivencias relatadas expresan que el proceso de aprendizaje de esos estudiantes los aproximó del universo indígena, permitiéndoles superar el imaginario romántico, mediante la inmersión en la cultura local, habiéndose reconocido en esos alumnos un compromiso con la transformación social. Espacios dialógicos como el de esta experiencia permiten desarrollar competencias para el trabajo comunitario y el reconocimiento y la valorización de los saberes tradicionales.

Experiências de formação médica com a inserção de estudantes em contextos interculturais – populações indígenas, quilombolas e ribeirinhas – são ainda escassas no Brasil. Este artigo traz um relato de experiência sobre as vivências significativas de acadêmicos de Medicina junto à comunidade indígena Potiguara, no Projeto de Extensão Iandé Guatá, na Paraíba (Brasil). A partir da elaboração de mapas conceituais, as vivências mais significativas foram descritas e discutidas, utilizando-se narrativas e relatórios produzidos pelos extensionistas ao longo do projeto. As vivências relatadas expressam que o processo de aprendizagem dos estudantes os aproximou do universo indígena, permitindo superar o imaginário romântico, mediante à imersão na cultura local, reconhecendo-se nesses alunos um compromisso com a transformação social. Espaços dialógicos como o desta experiência permitem desenvolver competências para o trabalho comunitário e o reconhecimento e a valorização de saberes tradicionais.

Educational interventions providing medical students opportunities to engage in intercultural contexts (for example, indigenous, quilombola, and riverine communities) are still scarce in Brazil. This article provides an account of the experiences of medical students participating in the Iandé Guatá Extension Project conducted in the Potiguara indigenous community in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. The students’ most significant experiences were described and discussed using concept maps, reports, and narratives produced by the participants throughout the project. The experiences recounted by the students show that the learning process brought them closer to the community’s world and that by immersing themselves in the local culture they dispelled romantic visions and developed a sense of commitment to social transformation. Dialogical opportunities such as those provided by this experience promote intercultural competence and help students to recognize and value traditional knowledge.

Experiencias de formación médica con la inserción de estudiantes en contextos interculturales, tales como poblaciones indígenas, quilombolas y que viven a las orillas de los ríos, todavía son escasas en Brasil. Este artículo brinda un relato de experiencia sobre las vivencias significativas de académicos de Medicina con la comunidad indígena Potiguara, en el Proyecto de Extensión Iandé Guatá, en el Estado de Paraíba (Brasil). A partir de la elaboración de mapas conceptuales, las vivencias más significativas se describieron y discutieron, utilizándose informes y narrativas producidas por los extensionistas en el transcurso del proyecto. Las vivencias relatadas expresan que el proceso de aprendizaje de esos estudiantes los aproximó del universo indígena, permitiéndoles superar el imaginario romántico, mediante la inmersión en la cultura local, habiéndose reconocido en esos alumnos un compromiso con la transformación social. Espacios dialógicos como el de esta experiencia permiten desarrollar competencias para el trabajo comunitario y el reconocimiento y la valorización de los saberes tradicionales.

Abstract Introduction Grip and pinch movements are important to perform daily activities and to manipulate objects. In this paper we describe the development and evaluation of a peripheral device to quantify cylindrical grip, pulp-to-pulp pinch, pulp-to-side pinch strength and range of motion of children. Methods Three objects were selected: a door handle, a switch, and a key, which were instrumented with force sensing resistors to analyse the strength. Potentiometers were used to verify the range of motion and micro switches to assure the correct position of the fingers during the movement execution. Thirty volunteers (8.77 ± 1.28), both male and female, were selected to test the peripheral device functionality. Results The results determined the minimum necessary strength values for the object activation and maximum displacement, in which the values are 2.5N, 40°; 2.7N, 55°; and 2.8N, 100%, for door handle object, key object, and switch object, respectively. In the functionally tests, volunteers have shown a superior strength for activating each object and 73.33% of them have completed the range movement in the key object, 86.67% in the switch object, and 93.33% in the door handle object. Conclusion The developed peripheral device enabled the measurement of range and static and dynamic strength of grip and pinch movements of children.

Deficit irrigation consists of application of amounts of water less than plant requirements for satisfying water deficiencies of the crop, and this may maximize efficiency of water use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of deficit irrigation on production of Tifton 85 grass. The experiment was carried out on the Santa Helena Farm in the municipality of Bom Despacho, MG, Brazil. Five levels of irrigation were used as treatments (28%, 42%, 57%, 71%, and 85% of the crop coefficient value) in randomized blocks with three replications. The following variables were evaluated: dry matter production (kg ha-1), leaf/stem ratio, height (cm), dead plant material (%), leaf area index, leaf area ratio (m² kg-1), leaf weight ratio (kg kg-1), and specific leaf area (m² kg-1). A difference was observed for Tifton 85 production in which the greatest average yield (6126.35 kg ha-1) was obtained through application of 71% Kc. For the other characteristics, there was no difference for any of the variables evaluated.

El riego deficitario consiste en la aplicación de láminas inferiores a las necesarias para satisfacer las deficiencias hídricas de un cultivo, además que puede maximizar la eficiencia en el uso del agua. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar el efecto del riego deficitario en la producción del cultivo Tifton 85. El experimento fue realizado en la Hacienda Santa Helena situada en el municipio de Bom Despacho, Minas Gerais (MG) Brasil. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron: cinco láminas de riego (28%, 42%, 57%, 71% y 85% del valor de coeficiente de cultivo) en bloques aleatorios con tres repeticiones. Fueron evaluadas las siguientes variables: producción de materia seca (kg ha-1), relación hoja/altura, altura (cm), materia muerta (%), índice de área foliar, relación de área foliar (m² kg-1), relación de peso foliar (kg kg-1) y área foliar especifica (m² kg-1). Se observó una diferencia en la producción de Tifton 85, donde el mayor promedio de producción (6126.35 kg ha-1) se obtuvo con la aplicación de las láminas 71% Kc. Para las demás características no hubo diferencia en ninguna de las variables estudiadas.

Abstract The sugarcane varieties RB975201 and RB975242 were developed and released for harvest at the end of the season (late maturation) in the Central-South region of Brazil. In specific environments, these varieties were compared with commercial standards in sugar yield per area. They are resistant to major sugarcane diseases and present the Bru1 gene of resistance to brown rust.

RB975952 is an early maturing sugarcane cultivar released for the South-Central region of Brazil. It should be harvested between April and May, and it is recommended for planting in environments with medium to high production potential. RB975952 has high resistance levels to the main diseases of the crop, it also has a good shoot development after mechanical harvesting, and high sucrose yields.

The plant hormones brassinosteroids (BR) and ethylene (ET) act together to regulate plant metabolism. We used BR and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, an ET action inhibitor) to elucidate the interactions between both hormones for the regulation of mitochondrial respiratory pathways in papaya fruit. The exogenous application of the 24-epibrassinolide (epiBR) enhanced the alternative oxidase (AOX) capacity. While treatment with Brz2001 (Brz is a specific inhibitor of the BR synthesis) also enhanced AOX capacity, these effects lacked in fruit treated simultaneously with epiBR and Brz. Changing the BR level had no effect on ET emission rate in the first 24 h, but a reduction in ET emission was observed in Brz-treated fruit on the fifth day. Together with Brz, epiBR increased the ET production on the fifth day, following the day in which the treatment was carried out. When the ET sensitivity of fruit was inhibited by the application of 1-MCP, the effects of epiBR and Brz were opposite to those obtained without 1-MCP. AOX capacity was slightly inhibited by epiBR in fruit pre-treated with 1-MCP. Data suggest that BR and ET act antagonistically, therefore regulating, directly or indirectly, AOX capacity during papaya fruit ripening.