Abstract This study was conducted to estimate the key population parameters to understand both the current status and the yield of Penaeus indicus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in the Andharmanik River, southern Bangladesh, using monthly samples collected from July 2019 to June 2020. We found that the size at first sexual maturity of P. indicus is 15.5 mm CL. The spawning season was August - December with a peak in September. Recruitment occurred at ~8.4 mm CL for an extended period of the year with two pulses: one in November (minor recruitment pulse) and another in February (major recruitment pulse). The von Bertalanffy growth equation gave the following results: CL∞ = 31.9 mm and K = 1.14 year-1. The overall growth performance index was 3.37 and the longevity was 2.6 years. The estimated total, natural, and fishing mortalities were 3.53, 2.15, and 1.38 year-1, respectively. Therefore, the exploitation rate was 0.39 and the maximum sustainable yield was 0.42, indicating that the stock is almost optimally exploited. Hence our work should help improve decisions to (i) conserve the stock, (ii) maximize economic returns from the stock, and (iii) continue ensuring that the stock is exploited in an ecologically sustainable way.

Abstract Spawning season, recruitment, and growth of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium lamarrei were studied in a perennial wetland, northeastern Bangladesh during October 2016 to September 2017. Spawning season was estimated based on the monthly variations of percent ovigerous females. Recruitment and growth were estimated using the time series of the length-frequency distributions. We compared the von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) and the Pauly and Gaschütz growth function (PGGF) to identify any seasonal oscillation in growth rate. Ovigerous females occurred almost throughout the year, indicating a prolonged spawning season with two peaks between March-April (minor peak) and June-September (major peak). Both males and females with modal size ~ 8.0 mm carapace length first recruited in October, which synchronized with the major peak spawning season. There was seasonality in growth rate; hence, PGGF was adopted as the best-fitting model to describe the growth of both sexes. The estimated equations were Lt = 17.86 (1- exp [-2.432 (t/12 - 0.072) - (1.766/2π) sin {2π (t/12 - 0.982)}] for males and Lt = 23.18 (1- exp [-1.342 (t/12 + 0.106) - (0.388/2π) sin {2π (t/12 - 0.209)}] for females. Sexual dimorphism was found with larger size in females than males. Longevity was estimated to be ~ 14 months for both sexes. These findings can be useful to formulate management measures for this prawn.

ABSTRACT This study presents an empirical examination of climate change related to vulnerability impacts on food security and remedial adaptation options as a suitable strategy by prioritizing needs over a 50-year period. An Empirical Dynamic Commutable General Equilibrium Model for Climate and the Economy (EDCGECE) is applied using future strategies for Malaysia against a baseline scenario of existing conditions, following the top-down options. The model takes into account various climatic variables, including climatic damage, carbon cycle, temperature and rainfall fluctuation, carbon emissions, vulnerability and carbon concentrations, which were adapted from national observational predictions of climatic changes caused by global warming from 2015 to 2065. The results prioritize climate change mitigation for the future. Specifically, this study estimates Malaysia’s food sustainability prospects without adaptation actions and with 5 % to 20 % adaptation actions overtime in different adaptation scenarios, as contrasted with the baseline. The results indicate that food sustainability cost in the baseline in 2015 is 859.3 million US Dollar (USD), which is about a 30-35 % shortage compared with the national targets, and that the shortage will rise over time to USD 987.3 million in 2065. However, the cost of applying different levels of adaptation for food sustainability over time is rising considerably. However, the residual damage also decreases with all adaptation actions in the different scenarios. Thus, adaptation shows a positive sign for Malaysia’s agricultural sectors. As growth values are positive and show rising trends, therefore the projected adaptation policy can be effective for food sustainability for sustainable future strategies in Malaysia.

O significado de uma Agenda em Ciência (Scientific Framework - SF) atualmente tem recebido maior aceitação mundial para abordar a sustentabilidade da agricultura. Entretanto, profissionais defendem que o SF conhecido como Mega Agenda em Ciência (Mega Science Framework - MSF) nas economias em transição, não está convergindo efetivamente em muitos aspectos para a sustentabilidade agrícola. Particularmente nas economias em transição, o MSF é incapaz de identificar barreiras na pesquisa agrícola, é inadequado para delinear lacunas nas políticas que tenham o objetivo de elaborar estratégias para a sustentabilidade voltadas para a sustentabilidade desejada na tecnologia e inovação da agricultura, é inconsistente na busca para identificar desigualdades e incompleto para reconstruir decisões. Portanto, este estudo avalia criticamente os componentes do MSF nas economias em transição e examina significado, controvérsias e ilegitimidade para alcançar um desenvolvimento sustentável de sucesso. Um referencial científico confiável e eficaz pode ser desenvolvido quando ocorre uma ligação entre os principais componentes, tais como (a) prioridades nacionais, (b) pesquisa específica em sustentabilidade agrícola, (c) pesquisa e inovação adequadas em agricultura, e (d) política alternativa de mudança. Esse ensaio preliminar, que é o primeiro deste tipo, foi realizado com o objetivo de esboçar uma orientação política para construir uma efetiva agenda de ciência para a sustentabilidade agrícola.

The significance of Science Framework (SF) to date is receiving more acceptances all over the world to address agricultural sustainability. The professional views, however, advocate that the SF known as Mega Science Framework (MSF) in the transitional economies is not converging effectively in many ways for the agricultural sustainability. Specially, MSF in transitional economies is mostly incapable to identify barriers in agricultural research, inadequate to frame policy gaps with the goal of strategizing the desired sustainability in agricultural technology and innovation, inconsistent in finding to identify the inequities, and incompleteness to rebuild decisions. Therefore, this study critically evaluates the components of MSF in transitional economies and appraises the significance, dispute and illegitimate issue to achieve successful sustainable development. A sound and an effective MSF can be developed when there is an inter-linkage within principal components such as of (a) national priorities, (b) specific research on agricultural sustainability, (c) adequate agricultural research and innovation, and (d) alternative policy alteration. This maiden piece of research which is first its kind has been conducted in order to outline the policy direction to have an effective science framework for agricultural sustainability.