ABSTRACT Hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in China, but floods bring substantial decreases in production over the past several decades. In order to investigate the mechanisms of waterlogging resistance in mutant hot pepper, we measured the agronomic traits of mutant and wild-type, as well as the activities of root antioxidant enzymes and the contents of osmotic regulation substance. At the same time, we did transcriptome sequencing on the plant roots, and screened for differentially expressed genes between mutant and wild-type. The results showed that, under waterlogging stress, the mutants could grow normally, and the activities of their superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase were significantly increased, as well as the contents of proline and soluble sugar. The accumulation of malondialdehyde and hydroxyl radical in mutants was significantly reduced. Among the 61 differentially expressed genes from transcriptome analysis, 24 genes were up-regulated and 37 genes were down-regulated in mutants. After functional analysis, we found 8 genes related to the metabolism of endogenous hormone and protective enzymes, among which, auxin-induced protein related gene cap.ARATH, ethylene response related gene Cap.RAP2, MYB family related gene Cap.MYB1R1, and the 4 genes related to peroxidase Cap.POD, were significantly up-regulated in mutants, while the Capana01g001329 gene was down-regulated. These results suggest that under waterlogging stress, the mutant could enhance its resistance to waterlogging by regulating the genes involved in metabolism of endogenous hormones and protective enzymes. This study provides the scientific basis for elucidating the gene regulation network of mutant pepper under waterlogging stress

Em nossas pesquisas anteriores encontramos que o extrato bruto de Neo-T. siphonanthun apresentou atividade eficaz para captura de radicais DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-picrilidazida). Neste estudo, um método de triagem rápida online, através de um sistema de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detector por captura de radicais, acoplada a detector por arranjo de diodos e espectrometria de massas com ionização por eletrospray (HPLC-RSD- DAD-ESI/MS) foi desenvolvido para a procura de antioxidantes individuais a partir da fração mais ativa. Três derivados isoméricos foram detectados. Os compostos-alvo ativos foram isolados por cromatografia em contracorrente de alta velocidade (CCC-AV) com pureza superior a 99%, e foram identificados como luteolina-3'-O-β-D-glicopiranosídeo (1), luteolina-7-O-β-D-glicopiranosídeo (2) e luteolina-4'-O-β-D-glicopiranosídeo (3) por análise de seus espectros de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN). A atividade antioxidante dos três compostos foi avaliada pelo ensaio DPPH off-line, e todos eles mostraram atividade potente.

Our previous research found that the crude extract of Neo-T. siphonanthun exhibited an effective DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. In this study an online rapid screening method, high-performance liquid chromatography-radical scavenging detection-diode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-RSD- DAD-ESI/MS) system, was developed for screening individual antioxidants from the most active fraction. Accordingly, three isomeric derivatives were detected. The target active compounds were isolated by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) with the purity over 99%, and were identified as luteolin-3'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and luteolin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) by analysis of its off-line nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. Antioxidant activity of three compounds was assessed by off-line DPPH assay, and all of them showed potent activity.