RESUMO A capacidade de controle psicológico de atletas afeta diretamente as competições. Portanto, é muito necessário supervisionar a psicologia de jogo desses indivíduos. O modelo de supervisão do estado de jogo dos atletas é construído através do algoritmo de extração de informações faciais. A matriz de homografia e o método de cálculo são introduzido. Em seguida, são introduzidos dois métodos para resolver a matriz de rotação a partir da matriz de homografia. Após a resolução da matriz de rotação, introduz-se o método de obtenção do ângulo de rotação facial a partir dessa matriz. Os dois métodos são comparados nos dados da simulação, e as vantagens e desvantagens de cada algoritmo são analisadas para determinar o método utilizado neste estudo. Os resultados experimentais mostram que a precisão da previsão do modelo atinge 70%, sendo possível efetivamente supervisionar o estado psicológico dos atletas. O presente estudo é de grande importância para melhorar o desempenho dos atletas em competições e melhorar a aplicação do algoritmo de rede neural backpropagation (BP).

ABSTRACT Athletes’ psychological control ability directly affects competitions. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the athletes’ game psychology. Athletes’ game state supervision model is constructed through the facial information extraction algorithm. The homography matrix and the calculation method are introduced. Then, two methods are introduced to solve the rotation matrix from the homography matrix. After the rotation matrix is solved, the method of obtaining the facial rotation angle from the rotation matrix is introduced. The two methods are compared in the simulation data, and the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm are analyzed to determine the method used in this paper. The experimental results show that the model prediction accuracy reaches 70%, which can effectively supervise the psychological state of athletes. This research study is of great significance to improve the performance of athletes in competitions and improve the application of back propagation (BP) neural network algorithm.

RESUMEN La capacidad de control psicológico de atletas afecta directamente las competencias. Por lo tanto, es muy necesario supervisar la psicología de juego de esos individuos. El modelo de supervisión del estado de juego de los atletas es construido por medio del algoritmo de extracción de informaciones faciales. La matriz de homografía y el método de cálculo son introducidos. Enseguida, son introducidos dos métodos para resolver la matriz de rotación a partir de la matriz de homografía. Después de la resolución de la matriz de rotación, se introduce el método de obtención del ángulo de rotación facial a partir de esa matriz. Los dos métodos son comparados en los datos de la simulación, y las ventajas y desventajas de cada algoritmo son analizadas para determinar el método utilizado en este estudio. Los resultados experimentales muestran que la precisión de la previsión del modelo alcanza 70%, siendo posible efectivamente supervisar el estado psicológico de los atletas. El presente estudio es de gran importancia para mejorar el desempeño de los atletas en competencias y mejorar la aplicación del algoritmo de red neuronal backpropagation (BP).

BACKGROUND: Minority drug resistance mutations (DRMs) that are often missed by Sanger sequencing are clinically significant, as they can cause virologic failure in individuals treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of minor DRMs among patients enrolled in a Malawi HIV drug resistance monitoring survey at baseline and at one year after initiation of ART. METHODS: Forty-one plasma specimens collected from HIV-1 subtype C-positive patients and seven clonal control samples were analysed using ultra-deep sequencing technology. RESULTS: Deep sequencing identified all 72 DRMs detected by Sanger sequencing at the level of ≥20% and 79 additional minority DRMs at the level of < 20% from the 41 Malawian clinical specimens. Overall, DRMs were detected in 85% of pre-ART and 90.5% of virologic failure patients by deep sequencing. Among pre-ART patients, deep sequencing identified a statistically significant higher prevalence of DRMs to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) compared with Sanger sequencing. The difference was mainly due to the high prevalence of minority K65R and M184I mutations. Most virologic failure patients harboured DRMs against both NRTIs and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). These minority DRMs contributed to the increased or enhanced virologic failures in these patients. CONCLUSION: The results revealed the presence of minority DRMs to NRTIs and NNRTIs in specimens collected at baseline and virologic failure time points. These minority DRMs not only increased resistance levels to NRTIs and NNRTIs for the prescribed ART, but also expanded resistance to additional major first-line ART drugs. This study suggested that drug resistance testing that uses more sensitive technologies, is needed in this setting.

Representative strains of Serratia marcescens from an edible cactus plant and silkworms were characterized and a comparison based on their cellular fatty acid composition, 16S rRNA and groE gene sequence analysis as well as silkworm virulence and chitosan susceptibility was carried out. Results from this study indicate that there are no significant differences between the phenotypic and molecular characterization, virulence and chitosan susceptibility of the S. marcescens strains from the cactus plant and silkworms. Silkworms inoculated with S. marcescens from either plant or silkworm resulted in nearly 100% mortality. Chitosan solution exhibited strong antibacterial activity against S. marcescens. This activity increased with the increase of chitosan concentration and incubation time regardless of the strain source. Also, the results indicate that the plant associated S. marcescens maybe plays a possible role in the contamination of humans and animals, in particular silkworms, while chitosan showed a potential to control the contamination caused by S. marcescens.