ABSTRACT Purpose: Gene expressions of vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Alpha (VEGFa), Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-Chain-Enhancer of Activated B cells (NFkB) and cytokines could be useful for identifying potential therapeutic targets to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation. Cytokine gene expressions, VEGFa and NFkB were investigated in a preclinical swine model of liver transplantation. Methods: A total of 12 pigs were used as donors and recipients in liver transplantation without venovenous bypass or aortic clamping. NFkB, IL-6, IL-10, VEGFa and Notch1 gene expression were assessed. These samples were collected in two specific times: group 1 (n= 6) - control, samples were collected before recipient’s total hepatectomy and group 2 - liver transplantation group (n=6), where the samples were collected one hour after graft reperfusion. Results: Liver transplantation was successfully performed in all recipients. Liver enzymes were elevated in the transplantation group. NFkB gene expression was significantly decreased in the transplantation group in comparison with the control group (0.62±0.19 versus 0.39±0.08; p= 0.016). No difference was observed between groups Interleucine 6 (IL-6), interleucine 10 (IL-10), VEGFa and Notch homolog 1 (Notch1). Conclusions: In this survey a decreased NFkB gene expression in a porcine model of liver transplantation was observed. Purpose VEGFa, , (VEGFa) KappaLightChainEnhancer Kappa Light Chain Enhancer (NFkB ischemiareperfusion ischemia reperfusion Methods clamping IL6, IL6 IL 6, IL-6 IL10, IL10 10, IL-10 assessed times n= n (n recipient s n=6, n6 n=6 (n=6) Results 0.62±0.19 062019 0 62 19 (0.62±0.1 0.39±0.08 039008 39 08 p 0.016. 0016 0.016 . 016 0.016) (IL-6) (IL-10) Notch1. (Notch1) Conclusions (VEGFa IL- IL1 IL-1 (n=6 0.62±0.1 06201 (0.62±0. 0.39±0.0 03900 3 001 0.01 01 (IL-6 (IL-10 (Notch1 0.62±0. 0620 (0.62±0 0.39±0. 0390 00 0.0 (IL- (IL-1 (Notch 0.62±0 062 (0.62± 0.39±0 039 0. (IL 0.62± 06 (0.62 0.39± 03 0.62 (0.6 0.39 0.6 (0. 0.3 (0 (

ABSTRACT Background: The current definition for hypercontractile esophagus was arbitrarily set at the uppermost range in volunteers for a specific equipment. Objective: This study aims to critically analyze the concept of hypercontractile waves to redefine hypercontractile esophagus parameters. Methods: We reviewed 500 unselected and consecutive HRM tests (5000 waves) performed in a water -perfused system. Results: Mean distal contractility integral (DCI) was 825±1492 (0-42775) mmHg.cm.s, two standard deviations above average = 3810; 95th percentile = 2798 mmHg.cm.s. Conclusion: In healthy volunteers, two standard deviations above average is 4000 mmHg.cm.s, we thus suggest this value to define hypercontractile waves and define hypercontractile esophagus in a water-perfused HRM system. Background equipment Objective parameters Methods 50 5000 (500 perfused system Results DCI (DCI 8251492 825 1492 825±149 042775 0 42775 (0-42775 mmHgcms mmHg cm s mmHg.cm.s 3810 th 279 Conclusion 400 waterperfused 5 (50 825149 82 149 825±14 04277 4277 (0-4277 381 27 40 (5 82514 8 14 825±1 0427 427 (0-427 38 2 4 ( 8251 1 825± 042 42 (0-42 3 04 (0-4 (0- (0

ABSTRACT. Subjective cognitive decline is defined as a self-perceived cognitive decline but with normal performance in neuropsychological assessments. Objective: To verify the evolution of patients diagnosed with subjective cognitive decline compared to the cognitively normal group without any concern. Methods: This is a follow-up study based on data analysis from the Tremembé epidemiologic study, in Brazil. The 211 individuals classified as cognitively normal and 174 diagnosed as having subjective cognitive decline at baseline were invited to participate. Results: After a median follow-up time of five years, 108 subjective cognitive decline participants (62.0%) were reassessed. Of these, 58 (53.7%) kept this diagnosis, whereas 14 individuals (12.9%) progressed to mild cognitive impairment and 5 (4.6%) to dementia. In the cognitively normal group, 107 (50.7%) were reassessed, of which 51 (47.7%) were still classified likewise, 6 (5.6%) evolved to mild cognitive impairment and 9 (8.4%) to dementia. The presence of cognitive decline had a significant association with increasing age and depression symptoms. Considering the total number of baseline participants in each group: the subjective cognitive decline group showed higher percentage of mild cognitive impairment (p=0.022) and no difference was found in progression to dementia (p=0.468) between the groups after follow-up assessment. Conclusion: Most subjective cognitive decline participants at baseline kept their cognitive complaint at follow-up and this group progressed more to mild cognitive impairment than the other group. No difference in the progression to dementia was found, despite the higher incidence of dementia in the cognitively normal group. ABSTRACT selfperceived self perceived assessments Objective concern Methods followup follow up Brazil 21 17 participate Results years 10 62.0% 620 62 0 (62.0% reassessed these 53.7% 537 53 7 (53.7% diagnosis 1 12.9% 129 12 (12.9% 4.6% 46 4 (4.6% 50.7% 507 50 (50.7% 47.7% 477 47 (47.7% likewise 5.6% 56 (5.6% 8.4% 84 8 (8.4% symptoms p=0.022 p0022 p 022 (p=0.022 p=0.468 p0468 468 (p=0.468 assessment Conclusion 2 62.0 (62.0 53.7 (53.7 12.9 (12.9 4.6 (4.6 50.7 (50.7 47.7 (47.7 5.6 (5.6 8.4 (8.4 p=0.02 p002 02 (p=0.02 p=0.46 p046 (p=0.46 62. (62. 53. (53. 12. (12. 4. (4. 50. (50. 47. (47. 5. (5. 8. (8. p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 p=0.4 p04 (p=0.4 (62 (53 (12 (4 (50 (47 (5 (8 p=0. p0 (p=0. (6 (1 ( p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

RESUMO. O declínio cognitivo subjetivo (DCS) é definido como autopercepção de declínio cognitivo, mas com desempenho normal nas avaliações neuropsicológicas. Objetivo: O objetivo foi verificar a evolução dos pacientes diagnosticados com DCS em relação ao grupo cognitiva mente normal (CN), sem qualquer queixa. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de seguimento baseado na análise de dados do estudo epidemiológico de Tremembé, Brasil. Os 211 indivíduos classificados como CN e os 174 diagnosticados como DCS na fase inicial do estudo foram convidados a participar. Resultados: Após o tempo médio de seguimento de cinco anos, 108 participantes da DCS (62,0%) foram reavaliados. Deles, 58 (53,7%) mantiveram o diagnóstico de DCS, enquanto 14 (12,9%) evoluíram para comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) e cinco (4,6%) para demência. No grupo CN, 107 (50,7%) foram reavaliados, dos quais 51 (47,7%) ainda foram classificados como CN, seis (5,6%) evoluíram para CCL e nove (8,4%) para demência. A presença de declínio cognitivo teve associação significativa com o aumento da idade e com sintomas de depressão. Considerando-se o número total de participantes da fase inicial do estudo de cada grupo: o grupo DCS apresentou maior percentual de CCL (p=0,022) e não houve diferença na progressão para demência (p=0,468) entre ambos os grupos após a avaliação de seguimento. Conclusão: A maioria dos participantes DCS da fase inicial do estudo manteve sua queixa cognitiva no seguimento, e esse grupo progrediu mais para CCL. Não foi encontrada diferença na progressão para demência, apesar da maior incidência de demência no grupo CN. RESUMO (DCS neuropsicológicas Objetivo , (CN) Métodos Tratase Trata se Tremembé Brasil 21 17 participar Resultados anos 10 62,0% 620 62 0 (62,0% reavaliados Deles 5 53,7% 537 53 7 (53,7% 1 12,9% 129 12 9 (12,9% (CCL 4,6% 46 4 6 (4,6% 50,7% 507 50 (50,7% 47,7% 477 47 (47,7% 5,6% 56 (5,6% 8,4% 84 8 (8,4% depressão Considerandose Considerando p=0,022 p0022 p 022 (p=0,022 p=0,468 p0468 468 (p=0,468 Conclusão (CN 2 62,0 (62,0 53,7 (53,7 12,9 (12,9 4,6 (4,6 50,7 (50,7 47,7 (47,7 5,6 (5,6 8,4 (8,4 p=0,02 p002 02 (p=0,02 p=0,46 p046 (p=0,46 62, (62, 53, (53, 12, (12, 4, (4, 50, (50, 47, (47, 5, (5, 8, (8, p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 p=0,4 p04 (p=0,4 (62 (53 (12 (4 (50 (47 (5 (8 p=0, p0 (p=0, (6 (1 ( p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p