O autor neste trabalho faz a descrição morfológica externa e interna da lagarta e do adulto de Brassolis sophorae Laurentii Stichel, inseto praga das palmeiras. Descreve o aspecto externo e após dissecação em líquido Ringer, estuda a morfologia dos diversos aparelhos, inclusive a genitalia do macho e ovos.

This paper deals with the morphology of Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel (Lep., Brassolidae), a pest of palm trees. The external as well as the internal morphology of the caterpillar and of the adult were studied, some informations on eggs being also presented.

O autor continuando os seus estudos sôbre a Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel, estende-o a anatomia histológica de alguns órgãos, do adulto e da lagarta, especialmente do aparelho digestivo e do reprodutor.

This paper deals with the hystological anatomy of the caterpillar and of the adult Brassolis sophorae laurentii Stichel (Lep., Brassolidae), a pest of palm trees. A few organs, particulary reproductive and digestive ones, were studie.

This paper deals with galled peach roots from two localities in Brazil (Ouro Prêto and Piracicaba). Both samples were found attacked by Meloidogyne incognita acrita Chitwood, 1949. The material from Piracicaba also harboured two species of dagger nematodes (Xiphinema campinense Lordello, 1951, and X. krugi Lordello, 1955).

Irish potato tubers imported from Holland and Germany were planted at the Instituto Agronômico Experiment Station, Campinas, in April, 1955. At digging time, in July, 1955, the tubers were found to be injured by nematodes belonging to the genus Ditylenchus. No visible symptoms were found on the plants during the growing season, since the nematodes did not attack the stems. However, prevailing weather conditions from April to July were not favorable for nema activities, with low temperature and rain precipitation. Therefore, it does not seem safe to assume that, as a rule, the nemas do not attack buds and stems, for further observations may reveal such an occurrence, as it has been reported in the literature. The injury was characterized by spots consisting of decaying brown tissue, the nematodes being found mainly between this and the uninjured tissue. Larvae and adults occurred simultaneously. Fourteen different potato varieties were attacked by the nematodes, the percentage of disfigured tubers ranging from 6 (vars. Irene, Barima and Tedria) to 38 (var. Stamm 456). Studies en the morphology cf the parasites disclosed that two different Ditylenchus forms were present, with Apheten-chus sp. and Aphelenchoides sp. associated with them. The writers have not yet drawn a final conclusion about the identification of the Ditylenchi. However, it was clearly seen that no form can be identified either with D. dipsaci or with D. destructor. Both forms have lateral fields made up of 6 incisures, what separates them from D. dipsaci. On the other hand, measurements as well as some details in the organization of the oesophagus make the identification with D. destructor quite impossible. As far as the origin of the parasites is concerned, the fact that they could not be determined either as D. dipsaci or as D. destructor emphasizes the possibility of being two native species, not introduced with the tubers imported.

Êste trabalho tem por objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento da Brassolis astyra God. e B. sophorae (L.), espécies muito nocivas ao coqueiro da Bahia (Cocos nucifera L.), carnaubera (Copernicia cerifera Mart.) e outras Palmáceas. Contém a sinonímia, resumo da bibliografia e a distribuição geográfica das duas espécies. Contém, além de dados biológicos, importância econômica e a natureza dos estragos causados pelos insetos, a lista das plantas hospedeiras. Apontam-se medidas de combate que incluem medidas culturais, artificiais, química, biológicas, inclusive a manutenção de parasitas. Trata também de todos os insetos parasitas das duas espécies de Brassolis. Os autores limitaram-se a dar a sinonímia, distribuição geográfica, resumo da literatura e lista dos insetos hospedeiros dos parasitas que não foram vistos. Dos parasitas obtidos pelos autores, dão-se também algumas notas biológicas e sistemáticas.

The object of this work is to contribute to the knowledge of Brassolis astyra God. and B. sophorae (L.), very serious pests for coconut Palms of Bahia (Cocos nucifera L.), carnauba Palm (Copernicia cerifera Mart.) and other Palm-trees. Its synonymy, summary of bibliography and geographic distribution are given. The economic importance, the nature of injury caused by the insects, the known food-plants and the life-history and hapits are discussed summarilly. Measures of control which include cultural measures, artificial measures, biological measures including the conservation of the parasites and chimic measures also are dealt with. All the parasite insects from these species of Brassolis also are dealt with. The authors only gave the synonymy, the geographic distribution, summary of the bibliography and food-insects of the parasites which were not been. The parasite-insects obtained in laboratory by the author have also some bionomical and sistematic notes.

As it is generally said, the red ring disease of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) is caused by a nematode which is regularly found in the diseased tissues. Such a nematode was described by COBB in 1919 as Aphelenchus cocophilus, having been placed by GOODEY, in 1933, in the genus Aphelenchoides. The species has been found occurring in three States of this country (Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia). However, the Authors received from the Instituto de Ecologia e Experimentação Agrícolas, in Rio de Janeiro, a few samples of coconut tissues badly infested. So, its area of distribution is considerably enlarged. A. cocophilus is so slender and delicate a form that descriptions based on preserved material are frequentely inadequate. Thus, the Authors took this opportunity to re-examine and redescribe the species, as it was suggested by GOODEY (1923), what had not previously been made by those brazilian workers who have dealt with the disease. The population studied generally agreed with those examined by COBB (1919) and GOODEY (1923) in the details given, except in the dimensions mainly of the tail, as it is shown in table 1, where the measurements of 5 females and 5 males are presented.

Pratylenchus steineri n. sp. (Nematoda, Heteroderidae), novo parasito da batatinha (Solanum tuberosum L.), é descrita. A sua importância reside no fato de determinar, nos tubérculos, pequenas e numerosas pústulas, desvalorizando o produto proveniente de terrenos infestados. As lesões são superficiais, uma vez que no interior dos tubérculos os tecidos permanecem sadíos. Dá-se a distribuição da espécie no Estado de São Paulo, são fornecidas algumas anotações bionômicas, bem como outras relativas à sua importância como parasito. São também indicadas medidas de controle (seleção dos tubérculos-semente e rotação de culturas).

A new nematode, Pratylenehus steineri (Heteroderidae), that causes small pimples on the surface of potato tubers, is described. The disease is very similar to that incited by P. scribneri Steiner, 1943, in the United States. In the States, the disease was first studied by Scribner in 1889, who also determined its cause (1). Many years later, Steiner (4) published the description of the parasite. Pratylenehus steineri n. sp. closely resembles P. minyus Sher & Allen, 1953, from which it differs by its longer stylet, by the shape of its tail, and by some details in the organization of the ovary and lateral fields. P. steineri can be easily distinguished from P. scribneri by the more posterior position of the vulva. All developmental stages of the new parasite were found to occur in the potato lesions. The species seems to be monosexual since no males were found. A species of Helicotylenchus, not yet studied, was also obtained from the pimples. In addition, Eucephalobus sp., Ditylenchus sp., and another species of Pratylenchus were found associated with P. steineri in rare instances. In experimental potato fields belonging to the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Brazil, the percentage of tubers injured by the attack of P. steineri has ranged from 14.1 to 37.0 per cent in the last few years. The known area of distribution of the new species in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, is reported. Control measures are suggested that include crop rotation for 2 or 3 years, combined with selection of healthy seed.