RESUMO: A análise de imagens por meio da técnica de raios X vem recebendo grande destaque por ser uma técnica importante para identificação de danos internos em sementes, de forma rápida e precisa, além de ser um método não destrutivo. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a utilização de raios x para avaliação da morfologia interna de sementes de espécies de adubos verdes. Sementes de tremoço-branco (Lupinus albus L.), feijão guandu-anão (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) e estilosantes (Stylosanthes spp.) foram radiografadas, sendo estudadas 200 sementes para cada espécie e contabilizadas as sementes intactas e as com danos mecânicos, danos causados por insetos e tecidos deteriorados, considerando a severidade e localização dos danos. As mesmas sementes foram avaliadas pelo teste de germinação. Concluiu-se que a análise de imagens por meio da técnica de raios X é eficiente na detecção de danos internos em sementes das espécies de adubos verdes estudadas e apresenta relação com os aspectos negativos na germinação. RESUMO precisa destrutivo tremoçobranco tremoço branco Lupinus L., L L. , L.) guanduanão guandu anão Cajanus (L. Millsp., Millsp Millsp. Millsp.) feijãodeporco porco Canavalia DC. DC Stylosanthes spp. spp radiografadas 20 mecânicos deteriorados germinação Concluiuse Concluiu se (L 2

ABSTRACT: Image analysis through X-ray technique has been receiving great attention due to its importance in identifying internal damage in seeds quickly and accurately, in addition to being a non-destructive method. The aim of this study was to assess the use of X-rays to evaluate the internal morphology of seeds of green manure species. Seeds of Lupinus albus L., Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC. and Stylosanthes spp. were radiographed. Two hundred seeds were studied for each species, and intact seeds, seeds with mechanical damage, damage caused by insects and deteriorated tissues were recorded, considering the severity and location of the damage. The same seeds were subjected to a germination test. It was concluded that image analysis using X-ray technique was effective in detecting internal damage in seeds of some green manure species and it has relationship with negative aspects in germination. ABSTRACT Xray X ray accurately nondestructive non destructive method Xrays rays L L. (L. Millsp Millsp. DC spp radiographed recorded test (L

ABSTRACT Seed coating is a common practice in treating corn seeds and polymers are used to improve seed performance in terms of physical, physiological, and health quality. However, adverse environmental impacts caused by using non-renewable and non-biodegradable polymers are driving the search for alternatives to overcome these effects, such as natural-based polymers. This study evaluated the effect of chitosan coating formulations (0.6-3.4 g 100 mL –1 chitosan and 0-0.60 g glycerol g –1 chitosan) on the quality of corn seeds ( Zea mays L.) regarding physical aspects (visual and morphological aspect, water content, and 1,000-seed mass), physiological potential (germination test, germination speed index, seedling length, cold test, seedling emergence, seedling emergence speed index, seedling height, and root and shoot dry matter), and health quality (Blotter test). Chitosan coatings associated with glycerol did not interfere with the water content, 1,000-seed mass, germination and emergence percentages, cold test, and root dry matter. Conversely, higher biopolymer concentrations can reduce germination speed index, emergence speed index, seedling height, and shoot dry matter. Thus, coating with chitosan 2 % and 0.30 g glycerol g –1 chitosan showed promising results in terms of physical aspects with no damage to the physiological potential of corn seeds while reducing the occurrence of Penicillium spp. However nonrenewable non renewable nonbiodegradable biodegradable effects naturalbased natural based 0.63.4 0634 0.6 3.4 0 6 3 4 (0.6-3. 10 1 – 00.60 0060 0.60 60 0-0.6 L. L visual aspect content 1,000seed 1000seed 1,000 000 mass , mass) test index length height matter, matter matter) Blotter test. . test) percentages Conversely Thus 030 30 0.3 spp 63 0.63. 063 06 0. 34 3. (0.6-3 00 00.6 006 060 0-0. 000seed 1000 1,00 03 0.63 (0.6- 00. 0-0 1,0 (0.6 0- 1, (0. (0

RESUMO Muitos são os fatores que podem interferir na qualidade de sementes de milheto; porém, não se sabe se a localização nas diferentes posições da panícula pode interferir nessa qualidade. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de sementes de milheto produzidas em diferentes posições da panícula, por meio dos testes de uniformidade, massa de 1.000 sementes, teor de água, raios X, germinação, comprimento de plântulas, massa de matéria seca das plântulas, de frio e de sanidade. As panículas foram divididas em cinco porções equidistantes (proximal 1, proximal 2, intermediária, distal 1 e distal 2), iniciando-se a partir da inserção da panícula. Observou-se que existem diferenças entre as posições das sementes nas panículas relacionadas às características físicas, fisiológicas e sanitárias. As sementes localizadas nas extremidades das panículas apresentaram menor massa e potencial fisiológico. A maior ocorrência de Fusarium sp. foi verificada nas sementes da porção proximal 1, o que pode indicar uma possível causa na redução do potencial fisiológico. Sementes na posição intermediária apresentam maior massa, porcentagem de sementes íntegras e potencial fisiológico.

ABSTRACT Many factors may interfere in the quality of millet seeds; however, it is not known whether the location at different positions of the panicle may affect this quality. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of millet seeds produced at different positions of the panicle using uniformity, 1,000-seed mass, water content, X-ray, germination, seedling length, seedling dry matter mass, cold and health tests. The panicles were divided into five equidistant portions (proximal 1, proximal 2, intermediary, distal 1 and distal 2), starting from the panicle insertion. It was observed that there are differences among the positions of the seeds in the panicles related to the physical, physiological and health characteristics. The seeds located at the ends of the panicles presented a lower mass and physiological potential. The highest occurrence of Fusarium sp. was verified in the seeds from the proximal 1 portion, what might indicate a possible cause for the reduction in the physiological potential. Seeds from the intermediary portion present a higher mass, percentage of intact seeds and physiological potential.