ABSTRACT Finger citron (Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (Hoola van Nooten) Swingle; Rutaceae: Citrus) is an important plant for both medicine and food. Due to the lack of suitability analysis, many problems have arisen in its planting. According to the daily observation data, Kriging interpolation was selected to spatialize precipitation and temperature data. MaxEnt and ArcGIS were applied to simulate the suitable areas of finger citron in China from the perspectives of bioclimate, soil, topographic factors and human activities in 2050s and 2090s. Results showed that temperature annual range (Bio7), annual precipitation (Bio12), human footprint (Hf), elevation (El) and precipitation seasonality (Bio15) were identified as the dominant environmental variables related to the distribution of finger citron. Spatiotemporal distribution of annual precipitation (Bio12) showed that in the future, the precipitation in South China tends to decrease first (2050s) and then increase (2090s). The spatio-temporal analysis of temperature annual range (Bio7) showed that the 20-30 ℃ region was relatively stable in the Sichuan Basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Pearl River Basin. Under the future climate change scenarios, the total suitable area showed a significant increase trend in 2090s, and the change of most, moderately and poorly suitable habitats showed no obvious law. Under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, the centroid of the most suitable habitat of finger citron would move to the northwest, southeast and southwest respectively. Our results can effectively carry out to promote the recovery of its population.

Abstract Adaptation of photoperiod-sensitive japonica rice varieties from long-day (LD) to short-day (SD) conditions is impeded by their extremely early flowering in response to photoperiod change, but the genetic factor underlying this is still elusive. We detected mutations in Hd1 in Zhenjing2400 through gene mapping and sequencing analysis. Genome resequencing of the varieties Zhenjing2400 and Jiahe218 identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the other flowering-related genes Ehd1, SDG725, OsCOL15, DTH2, and DTH7. We constructed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Zhenjing2400 and Jiahe218, and selected homozygous lines with these six genes. We established that photoperiod insensitivity is caused by a defective Hd1 gene. In addition, the effect of Hd1 and Ehd1 on heading date was stronger than that of the other four genes. Measurements of agronomic traits and quality traits in homozygous lines demonstrated the superiority of the hd1 ehd1 genotype for eating quality and photoperiod-insensitive high yield. photoperiodsensitive sensitive longday long day LD (LD shortday short SD (SD change elusive Hd Zhenjing Zhenjing240 analysis Jiahe Jiahe21 SNPs (SNPs floweringrelated related Ehd SDG725 SDG OsCOL15 OsCOL DTH2 DTH DTH7 RILs (RILs addition hd ehd photoperiodinsensitive insensitive yield Zhenjing24 Jiahe2 SDG72 OsCOL1 Zhenjing2 SDG7

RESUMO Introdução: O desempenho dos jogadores de basquete é baseado na função física e na qualidade. Além de fatores genéticos, a função física também pode ser melhorada por meio de treinamento adquirido. Objetivo: O artigo analisa o conceito de movimento corporal por meio de dados da literatura e de um levantamento por questionário. Métodos: Este artigo analisa as características mecânicas da tecnologia do basquete a partir da perspectiva da fisiologia e propõe métodos para desenvolver a força em jogadores de basquete. Resultados: Por meio da ativação de diferentes ações de treinamento, o controle dos músculos que mantêm a estabilidade dos membros para ajustar o equilíbrio corporal é benéfico para melhorar a coordenação e a sensibilidade muscular. Conclusões: Constatamos que o princípio da carga incremental, o princípio SAID e a abrangência no treinamento de força é um método útil para aprimorar o metabolismo aeróbico do atleta. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos – investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The performance of basketball players is based on physical function and quality. In addition to genetic factors, physical function can also be improved through acquired training. Objective: The article analyzes the concept of body movement through literature data and a questionnaire survey. Methods: This article analyzes the mechanical characteristics of basketball technology from the perspective of physiology and proposes methods to develop the strength of basketball players. Results: Through the activation of different training actions, controlling the muscles that maintain the stability of the limbs to adjust body balance is beneficial to improvement of the coordination and sensitivity of the muscles. Conclusion: Pay attention to the principle of incremental load, the SAID principle, and comprehensiveness in strength training. The training method adopted is helpful to the improvement of the athlete’s aerobic metabolism. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción: El desempeño de los jugadores de baloncesto se basa en la función física y en la calidad. Además de los factores genéticos, también puede mejorarse la función física mediante el entrenamiento adquirido. Objetivo: El artículo analiza el concepto de movimiento corporal por medio de datos bibliográficos y de una encuesta por cuestionario. Métodos: Este artículo analiza las características mecánicas de la tecnología del baloncesto desde la perspectiva de la fisiología y propone métodos para desarrollar la fuerza en los jugadores de baloncesto. Resultados: Mediante la activación de diferentes acciones de entrenamiento, el control de los músculos que mantienen la estabilidad de los miembros para ajustar el equilibrio corporal es beneficioso para mejorar la coordinación y la sensibilidad muscular. Conclusiones: Hemos constatado que el principio de carga incremental, el principio SAID y la amplitud en el entrenamiento de fuerza es un método útil para mejorar el metabolismo aeróbico del atleta. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos – investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

This study was carried out to investigate the resistance phenotypes and resistance genes of Escherichia coli from swine in Guizhou, China. A total of 47 E. coli strains isolated between 2013 and 2018 were tested using the Kirby-Bauer (K-B) method to verify their resistance to 19 common clinical antimicrobials. Five classes consisting of 29 resistance genes were detected using polymerase chain reaction. The status regarding extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and the relationship between ESBL CTX-M-type β-lactamase genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes were analysed. A total of 46 strains (97.9%) were found to be multidrug resistant. Amongst them, 27 strains (57.4%) were resistant to more than eight antimicrobials, and the maximum number of resistant antimicrobial agents was 16. Twenty antibiotic resistance genes were detected, including six β-lactamase genes blaTEM (74.5%), blaCTX-M-9G (29.8%), blaDHA (17.0%), blaCTX-M-1G (10.6%), blaSHV (8.5%), blaOXA (2.1%), five aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes aac(3′)-IV (93.6%), aadA1 (78.7%), aadA2 (76.6%), aac(3′)-II c (55.3%), aac(6′)-Ib (2.1%) and five amphenicol resistance genes floR (70.2%), cmlA (53.2%), cat2 (10.6%), cat1 (6.4%), cmlB (2.1%), three PMQR genes qnrS (55.3%), oqxA (53.2%), qepA (27.7%) and polypeptide resistance gene mcr-1 (40.4%). The detection rate of ESBL-positive strains was 80.9% (38/47) and ESBL TEM-type was the most abundant ESBLs. The percentage of the PMQR gene in blaCTX-M-positive strains was high, and the detection rate of blaCTX-M-9G was the highest in CTX-M type. It is clear that multiple drug resistant E. coli is common in healthy swine in this study. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase is very abundant in the E. coli strains isolated from swine and most of them are multiple compound genotypes.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Com a adoção da tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT), o presente estudo visa as características dos impactos na placa trazidos pela tolerância diminuída à glicose (IGT) em pacientes com doença na artéria coronária. MÉTODOS Cento e cinquenta doentes com doença arterial coronária foram recrutados para este estudo. De acordo com a hemoglobina glicosilada (HbAlc), os pacientes foram divididos em grupos: tolerância normal à glicose (NGT), diminuição da glicemia de jejum (IFG), diminuição da tolerância à glicose (IGT) e diabetes mellitus (DM). Angiografia coronária (CAG) e OCT foram conduzidas para 150 doentes. RESULTADOS Existem 186 placas descobertas em 150 doentes (37, 40, 44 e 65 nos grupos NGT, IFG, IGT e DM, respectivamente). Em relação ao grupo NGT, o tamanho do núcleo lipídico, que é apresentado como o ângulo médio do arco lipídico, foi significativamente maior nos grupos IFG, IGT e DM (135,7 ± 32,7 Ê, 161,2 ± 55,7 Ê, 162,5 ± 55,8 Ê, e 170,2 ± 59,7 Ê, separadamente, os valores de P<0,05). Entretanto, a tampa sobre o núcleo de lipídios fibrosos no grupo NGT estava bem mais grossa do que nos grupos IFG, IGT e DM (115,7 ± 47,7μm vs. 77,7 ± 23,5 μm, 75,1 ± 23,2 µm, 71,2 ± 22,1 µm, todos os valores de P<0,05). CONCLUSÃO Placas coronárias na artéria coronária de pacientes com NDT são mais estáveis do que em doentes com IGT e DM.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE With the adoption of optical coherence tomography (OCT), this study targets the impacts on plaque characteristics brought about by impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS For this study, 150 patients with coronary artery disease were recruited. Regarding glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), the patients were sectioned into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetes mellitus (DM) groups. Coronary angiography (CAG) and OCT were conducted for 150 patients. RESULTS There were 186 plaques discovered in 150 patients (37, 40, 44, and 65 in the NGT, IFG, IGT, and DM groups, respectively). Compared to the NGT group, the lipid core size, which is presented as the average angle of the lipid arc, was markedly larger in the IFG,IGT and DM groups ( 135.7 ± 32.7 Ê, 161.2 ± 55.7 Ê, 162.5 ± 55.8 Ê, and 170.2 ± 59.7 Ê, respectively, all P values< 0.05). Meanwhile, the fibrous cap over the lipid core in the NGT group was remarkably thicker than that in the IFG, IGT, and DM groups (115.7 ± 47.7 μm vs. 77.7 ± 23.5 μm, 75.1 ± 23.2 µm, 71.2 ± 22.1 µm, all P values<0.05). CONCLUSION Coronary plaques in coronary artery patients with NDT are more stable than in those with IGT and DM.

Abstract Background: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is the main cause of pediatric brain tumor death. This study was designed to identify key genes associated with DIPG. Methods: The gene expression profile GSE50021, which consisted of 35 pediatric DIPG samples and 10 normal brain samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by limma package. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed by the DAVID tool. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and transcription factor (TF)-microRNA (miRNA)-target gene network were constructed using Cytoscape. Moreover, the expression levels of several genes were validated in human glioma cell line U251 and normal glia HEB cells through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: A total of 378 DEGs were screened (74 up-regulated and 304 down-regulated genes). In the PPI network, GRM1, HTR2A, GRM7 and GRM2 had higher degrees. Besides, GRM1 and HTR2A were significantly enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, and calcium signaling pathway. In addition, TFAP2C was a significant down-regulated functional gene and hsa-miR-26b-5p had a higher degree in the TF-miRNA-target gene network. PCR analysis revealed that GRM7 and HTR2A were significantly downregulated while TFAP2C was upregulated in U251 cells compared with that in HEB cells (p < 0.001). GRM2 was not detected in cells. Conclusions: GRM1 and HTR2A might function in DIPG through the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and the calcium signaling pathway. Furthermore, the TFAP2C and hsa-miR-26b-5p might play important roles in the development and progression mechanisms of DIPG.

Our objective was to investigate the protein level of phosphorylated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-1 at serine 897 (pNR1 S897) in both NMDA-induced brain damage and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), and to obtain further evidence that HIBD in the cortex is related to NMDA toxicity due to a change of the pNR1 S897 protein level. At postnatal day 7, male and female Sprague Dawley rats (13.12 ± 0.34 g) were randomly divided into normal control, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) cerebral microinjection, HIBD, and NMDA cerebral microinjection groups. Immunofluorescence and Western blot (N = 10 rats per group) were used to examine the protein level of pNR1 S897. Immunofluorescence showed that control and PBS groups exhibited significant neuronal cytoplasmic staining for pNR1 S897 in the cortex. Both HIBD and NMDA-induced brain damage markedly decreased pNR1 S897 staining in the ipsilateral cortex, but not in the contralateral cortex. Western blot analysis showed that at 2 and 24 h after HIBD, the protein level of pNR1 S897 was not affected in the contralateral cortex (P > 0.05), whereas it was reduced in the ipsilateral cortex (P < 0.05). At 2 h after NMDA injection, the protein level of pNR1 S897 in the contralateral cortex was also not affected (P > 0.05). The levels in the ipsilateral cortex were decreased, but the change was not significant (P > 0.05). The similar reduction in the protein level of pNR1 S897 following both HIBD and NMDA-induced brain damage suggests that HIBD is to some extent related to NMDA toxicity possibly through NR1 phosphorylation of serine 897.

Studies on particle distributions and interactions between the particles and the liquid turbulence are extremely significant and can help to improve efficiency of industrial processes and final product quality. In this paper, the particle distribution and the particle - turbulence interaction in the solid - liquid flow were investigated in detail by a numerical method. The governing equations of the liquid were solved by direct numerical simulations and the particle was tracked by Newtonian motion equations considering the effects of drag force, lift force, pressure gradient force, and virtual mass force. Two - way coupling was used to explain the effect of the particles on the turbulence. The results showed that the vortex has a great influence on the particle distribution. Most of the particles aggregate at the centre of the channel. Particle clusters along the vortex circumference modulate the development of the vortex. The turbulence modulations showed anisotropy. The Reynolds stress is slightly reduced in a broad range; the energy balance is changed; and an extra term is introduced to maintain a new energy balance.