ABSTRACT The Amazon has a great potential of natural resources. There is a wide diversity of plant specimens and many of them can be extracted and processed such as jute, sisal and mauve fibers. It is known that usualy small communities from Amazon build their boats using a rudimentary and ecologically incorrect method, which comes from brazilian natives. This method consists in cut of trees with large trunks, which are burned and scraped until they get the desired shape. This process is not viable due to the long time spent and also it is environmentally unacceptable nowadays. Considering these facts, it was created a project at UFPA aiming to evaluate the building viability of small boats adapted to the Amazon region. These boats have been made with composite material, polymeric resin reinforced with natural fiber fabric. Hence, this paper brings the first stage of this project, treating on the build of a small boat with reduced dimensions. This prototype was experimentally studied, using strain gages, and evaluated numerically by finite element method through the software ANSYS¨. This stage was very important to optimize the parameters used in the finite element model, which was employed to analyse the model with real dimensions. As a result, the numerical models showed a good compatibility with real tests. Additionally, the designed boat demonstrated to be able to hold the imposed loads.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do adesivo tecidual butil-2-cianoacrilato em osteotomias e enxerto ósseo (EO), sob o aspecto macroscópico e radiográfico. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 48 coelhos, divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos de 12 animais, com períodos de observação de duas, quatro, oito e 16 semanas. Foram operados os dois membros torácicos de cada animal e realizadas duas osteotomias em cada um dos rádios, com a retirada de um fragmento ósseo (EO) de 1cm de comprimento. De um lado foi recolocado o EO no local e aplicada uma gota do adesivo em cada uma das osteotomias. No outro lado, foi realizado o mesmo procedimento sem a aplicação do adesivo. Fixou-se em 0,05 ou 5% o nível de rejeição da hipótese de nulidade. RESULTADOS: Presença de marcas azuis em todas as peças cirúrgicas em que foi utilizado o adesivo. A partir da quarta semana, ausência de movimento dos EO com adesivo e controle. No grupo A, nas osteotomias proximais com adesivo, ocorreu menos desvio do EO (p = 0,02). No grupo C, a união (p = 0,03) e a integração do EO (p = 0,02) foram melhores nas osteotomias proximais com adesivo. CONCLUSÕES: O adesivo não foi totalmente metabolizado com 16 semanas. Há consolidação clínica das osteotomias em quatro semanas. O adesivo estabilizou o EO nas primeiras semanas e não interferiu na consolidação das osteotomias, assim como na integração dos EO a observação radiográfica.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of butyl-2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive in osteotomies and bone grafts, with regard to macroscopic and radiographic characteristics. METHODS: Forty-eight rabbits were used, randomly divided into four groups of 12 animals, with observation periods of two, four, eight and 16 weeks. Both thoracic limbs were operated in each animal and two osteotomies were performed in each of the radii, withdrawing a bone fragment (bone graft) of 1 cm in length. On one side, the bone graft was then replaced and a drop of adhesive was applied to each of the osteotomies. On the other side, the same procedure was performed without applying the adhesive. The rejection level for the nullity hypothesis was set at 0.05% or 5%. RESULTS: Blue marks were present in all the surgical specimens in which adhesive was applied. From the fourth week onwards, there was absence of movement of the bone grafts with adhesive and control. In group A, in the proximal osteotomies with adhesive, there was less deviation of the bone graft (p = 0.02). In group C, the union (p = 0.03) and the integration of the bone graft (p = 0.02) were better in the proximal osteotomies with adhesive. CONCLUSIONS: The adhesive was not completely metabolized within 16 weeks. There was clinical consolidation of the osteotomies within four weeks. The adhesive stabilized the bone graft within the first weeks and did not interfere with the consolidation of the osteotomies, or the integration of the bone graft in radiographic observations.

A finalidade desse estudo foi verificar o efeito do enxerto autólogo de pericôndrio com butil-2-cianoacrilato em lesão provocada na cartilagem articular do joelho de coelhos. Foram utilizados animais machos, adultos, divididos em 2 grupos, denominados de Grupo A e de Grupo B, de 17 animais cada um. Os animais do Grupo A foram reoperados com 4 semanas e os do Grupo B com 8 semanas. Foi retirado um fragmento de 2 cm da 7ª cartilagem costal esquerda do qual se descolou o pericôndrio. Retiraram-se dois cilindros ósseo-cartilaginosos, um de cada côndilo femural medial do mesmo animal. De um lado a cartilagem articular do cilindro foi substituida por pericôndrio com um fina camada do adesivo tecidual na sua face externa e do outro lado só foi retirada a cartilagem articular. Os cilindros foram recolocados nos fêmures. Macroscopicamente, no Grupo A, encontrou-se a maioria das lesões com pericôndrio recobertas totalmente com tecido e todas as lesões sem pericôndrio recobertas parcialmente. No Grupo B, não se encontrou diferença macroscópica significante entre a cobertura total e parcial com tecido, das lesões. Estatisticamente, não houve diferença microscópica significante entre as lesões com pericôndrio e sem pericôndrio do Grupo A e do Grupo B e nem entre os Grupos A e B.

The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of the perichondrium graft with butyl-2-cyanoacrylate in provoked injury in the articular cartilage of rabbit`s knee. Male adult animals were used, divided in 2 groups, called Group A and Group B, with 17 animals each. The Group A animals were reoperated in 4 weeks and the Group B animals in 8 weeks. A 2 cm fragment was taken out from the 7th costal cartilage from which the perichondrium was removed. Two osteo-cartilaginous cylinders were taken out from each medialis condyles of the femurs in the same animal. The articular cartilage of the cylinder was replaced in one side by the perichondrium with a thin layer of sticking-tissue in its external face and only the articular cartilage was removed from the other side. The cylinders were replaced in the femurs. Macroscopically, in Group A, most of the injuries which received the perichondrium were found completely covered with tissue and all the lesions without perichondrium were only partilly covered. In Group B, no macroscopic significant difference in the covering of the injuries was found. Statistically, There was no microscopical significant difference between the injuries with and without perichondrium of the Group A and Group B and neither groups A and B.