ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Understanding social determinants is crucial for implementing preventive strategies, especially for low birth weight (LBW)—a public health issue that severely increases the risk of morbimortality in children. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with LBW among newborns, assisted by the Brazilian Unified Health System. DESIGN AND SETTING: It analyzed data from newborns and their mothers. The sample was selected by convenience from users of the public health system in Francisco Beltrão (Paraná, Brazil). METHODS: Cases (n = 26) were babies weighing ≤ 2,500 g and controls (n = 52) > 2,500 g. All babies were assessed and paired by sex and date of birth in a 1:2 proportion. Statistical power was computed a posteriori, revealing a power of 87% (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Strong and significant differences were found in the bivariate analysis, in which the number of current smokers or those who quit during pregnancy was higher among mothers of babies with LBW. Moreover, the gestational weeks were lower among these cases. Logistic regression models indicated that the gestational week (odds ratio [OR] = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.05–0.54) and fathers’ educational level (high school or above; OR = 0.22, 95% CI:0.06–0.99) were related to lower chances of low birth weight. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm previous investigations on LBW's multi-causality, showing that the gestational week could reduce up to 82% chances of a baby being born with ≤ 2,500 g. Its association with paternal education underlines the importance of comprehensive policies to protect newborns.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar e avaliar a roda de conversas como instrumento participativo e educativo capaz de impactar na percepção de diminuição do bullying entre adolescentes no contexto escolar. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 18 adolescentes de uma escola do ensino fundamental do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados foram analisados à luz da práxis freireana e demonstraram que esse instrumento contribuiu para ampliar o entendimento sobre esse tipo de comportamento agressivo, favoreceu a quebra do silenciamento das agressões até então não verbalizadas, e impactou a percepção de diminuição do bullying. Ressalta-se que não se trata de conceber a roda como instrumento resolutivo e estanque em si, mas como participativo, complementar, apoiador e potencialmente capaz de contribuir para desnaturalizar a violência no cenário escolar e promover a emancipação dos envolvidos.

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la rueda de conversaciones como instrumento participativo y educativo capaz de impactar la percepción de la disminución del bullying entre adolescentes en el contexto escolar. Se trata de un estudio de abordaje cualitativo, realizado por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 18 adolescentes de una escuela de la enseñanza fundamental del Estado de São Paulo. Los resultados se analizaron a la luz de la praxis freireana y demostraron que este instrumento contribuyó para ampliar el entendimiento sobre este tipo de comportamiento agresivo, favoreció la ruptura del silencio sobre las agresiones que hasta aquel entonces no eran verbalizadas e impactó la percepción de disminución del bullying. Se subraya que no se trata de concebir la rueda como instrumento de resolución y estanque en sí mismo, sino como participativo, complementario, apoyador y potencialmente capaz de contribuir para la desnaturalización de la violencia en el escenario escolar y promover la emancipación de los envueltos.

The aim of this study was to analyze and assess conversation circles as a participatory and educational tool capable of having an impact on the perception of declining school bullying among adolescents. Using semi-structured interviews, we conducted a qualitative study with 18 middle school students in the state of São Paulo. The results were analyzed through the lens of Freirean praxis and demonstrated that the tool fostered a broaden understanding of this type of aggressive behavior, helped break the silence on hitherto non-verbalized bullying and had an impact on the perception of declining bullying. It is highlighted that conversation circles are not conceived as a tool for resolving and stemming bullying, but rather a complementary participatory method of support that can help denormalize school violence and promote the emancipation of the individuals involved.

The aim of this study was to analyze and assess conversation circles as a participatory and educational tool capable of having an impact on the perception of declining school bullying among adolescents. Using semi-structured interviews, we conducted a qualitative study with 18 middle school students in the state of São Paulo. The results were analyzed through the lens of Freirean praxis and demonstrated that the tool fostered a broaden understanding of this type of aggressive behavior, helped break the silence on hitherto non-verbalized bullying and had an impact on the perception of declining bullying. It is highlighted that conversation circles are not conceived as a tool for resolving and stemming bullying, but rather a complementary participatory method of support that can help denormalize school violence and promote the emancipation of the individuals involved.

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la rueda de conversaciones como instrumento participativo y educativo capaz de impactar la percepción de la disminución del bullying entre adolescentes en el contexto escolar. Se trata de un estudio de abordaje cualitativo, realizado por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 18 adolescentes de una escuela de la enseñanza fundamental del Estado de São Paulo. Los resultados se analizaron a la luz de la praxis freireana y demostraron que este instrumento contribuyó para ampliar el entendimiento sobre este tipo de comportamiento agresivo, favoreció la ruptura del silencio sobre las agresiones que hasta aquel entonces no eran verbalizadas e impactó la percepción de disminución del bullying. Se subraya que no se trata de concebir la rueda como instrumento de resolución y estanque en sí mismo, sino como participativo, complementario, apoyador y potencialmente capaz de contribuir para la desnaturalización de la violencia en el escenario escolar y promover la emancipación de los envueltos.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar e avaliar a roda de conversas como instrumento participativo e educativo capaz de impactar na percepção de diminuição do bullying entre adolescentes no contexto escolar. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 18 adolescentes de uma escola do ensino fundamental do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados foram analisados à luz da práxis freireana e demonstraram que esse instrumento contribuiu para ampliar o entendimento sobre esse tipo de comportamento agressivo, favoreceu a quebra do silenciamento das agressões até então não verbalizadas, e impactou a percepção de diminuição do bullying. Ressalta-se que não se trata de conceber a roda como instrumento resolutivo e estanque em si, mas como participativo, complementar, apoiador e potencialmente capaz de contribuir para desnaturalizar a violência no cenário escolar e promover a emancipação dos envolvidos.

Resumen Objetivos: Este estudio transversal fue realizado para identificar las asociaciones y las condiciones de trabajo y salud entre los agentes penitenciarios en una prisión estatal de Paraná, Brasil. Material y método: Se utilizó una muestra aleatoria proporcional y estratificada de 125 individuos. Los participantes respondieron, de forma anónima, un cuestionario autoadministrado. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron prevalencia de trastornos psiquiátricos menores (TPM) de 30,4% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 22,4-39,2); el 17,9% presentaron estrés persistente (IC del 95%: 12,2-25,2); el 66,4% presentaron hasta cinco quejas relacionadas con la salud (IC del 95%: 58,4-75,2); y el 9,6% tenían un mayor riesgo de abuso y/o dependencia del alcohol (IC del 95%: 4,8-16,0). Los análisis multivariantes mostraron que, con el resultado de los TPM, los problemas de salud (p <0,01), el ambiente físico (p <0,013) y los riesgos organizacionales (p <0,01) fueron factores predictores significativos. El estrés persistente fue un predictor con la edad (p = 0,031), los problemas de salud (p <0,01) y los riesgos organizacionales (p = 0,023); mientras que las quejas de salud se asociaron con problemas de salud (p <0,01) y el entorno físico (p <0,01). No había predictores significativos para riesgos de abuso y/o dependencia del alcohol. Discusión: En general, los resultados demostraron la naturaleza precaria del trabajo del agente penitenciario, revelan la importancia de la realización de nuevos estudios para evaluar si se trata de una realidad específica de la unidad investigada o si estos resultados son comunes en otros entornos penitenciarios.

Abstract Objectives: This cross-sectional study was carried out to identify the associations between working and health conditions among prison officers at a state prison in Paraná, Brazil. Material and method: A proportional and stratified random sample of 125 individuals was used. The participants, who were not identified, completed a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The results showed a prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders (MPD) of 30.4% (95%CI: 22.4-39.2). A total of 17.9% of the respondents had persistent stress (95%CI: 12.2-25.2), 66.4 had up to five health-related complaints (95%CI: 58.4-75.2) and 9.6% had scores that indicated higher risk for alcohol abuse and/or dependance (95%CI:4.8-16.0). Multivariate analyses showed that with an MPD outcome, health problems (p<0.01), physical environment (p=0.013) and organizational risks (p<0.01) were significant predictors. Persistent stress was predicted by age (p=0.031), health problems (p<0.01) and organizational risks (p=0.023), while health complaints were associated with health problems (p<0.01) and physical environment (p<0.01). There were no significant predictors for higher risk for alcohol abuse and/or dependance. Discussion: In general, the results demonstrate the precarious nature of the work of prison officers, and reveal the importance of further studies to evaluate whether this is a specific reality of the unit that was investigated, or whether these results are common in other prison environments.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile and psychological disorder of the suicide attempt cases in Francisco Beltrão, Paraná. METHODS: This is an epidemiological descriptive/qualitative study of suicide attempts conducted between 2017 and 2020. This study used data from the Brazilian Information system for notifications involving suicide attempts (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, SINAN) and 447 notifications were obtained. An analysis of the electronic medical record of these patients was performed in order to investigate the mental disorders, using a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 447 notifications, 382 were eligible for the study. Using the 95% confidence interval, there was a higher frequency of females with 71.7% aged between 18 and 35 years representing 48.4%, with 77.2% white race/color, the singles appeared in the majority with 47.6% with a history of previous suicide attempts, using exogenous intoxication as a method in the attempt with 67.5%. Regarding mental health, 66.5% of the patients had some mental disorders, with the highest prevalence of recurrent depressive disorder found in 40.6%. CONCLUSION: It was observed that there is a need for training of health professionals and implementation of programs and preventive measures aimed primarily at females aged between 18 and 35 years with mental disorders, especially with recurrent depressive disorder and with a history of previous suicide attempt.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Considering the disruptions imposed by lockdowns and social distancing recommendations, coupled with overwhelmed healthcare systems, researchers worldwide have been exploring drug repositioning strategies for treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). OBJECTIVE: To compile results from randomized clinical trials on the effect of dexamethasone, compared with standard treatment for management of SARS-CoV-2. DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in a Brazilian public university. METHODS: We sought to compile data from 6724 hospitalized patients with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: Treatment with dexamethasone significantly reduced mortality within 28 days (risk ratio, RR: 0.89; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.82-0.97). Dexamethasone use was linked with being discharged alive within 28 days (odds ratio, OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.07-1.33). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that dexamethasone may significantly improve the outcome among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated severe respiratory complications. Further studies need to consider both dose-dependent administration and outcomes in early and later stages of the disease. PROSPERO platform: CRD42021229825.

RESUMO Objetivo Explorar as associações diferenciais entre sintomas depressivos específicos (anedonia, ineficácia, problemas interpessoais, humor deprimido e autoestima negativa) e vitimização por cyberbullying. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e transversal que coletou dados de 268 adolescentes, com idades entre 13 e 15 anos (50,7% do sexo feminino), que responderam ao Inventário de Depressão Infantil (CDI) e ao Inventário de Cyberbullying revisado. Resultados A vitimização por cyberbullying esteve associada positivamente com todos os domínios avaliados pelo CDI (anedonia, ineficácia, problemas interpessoais, humor deprimido e autoestima negativa). Dados demográficos – como idade e sexo – não se mostraram significativos na predição da vitimização por cyberbullying. Todavia, ineficácia (B = 0,46, p = 0,04) e humor negativo (B = 0,37, p < 0,05) foram preditores significativos da vitimização por cyberbullying. Conclusão O estudo apresenta os primeiros resultados empíricos brasileiros associando a vitimização por cyberbullying com sintomas específicos de depressão. Os dados reforçam o impacto negativo das experiências de cyberbullying na saúde mental dos jovens, revelando associações mais robustas entre humor deprimido e vitimização por cyberbullying, o que pode subsidiar ações de tratamento e prevenção.

ABSTRACT Objective To explore distinctive links between specific depressive symptoms (e.g., anhedonia, ineffectiveness, interpersonal problems, negative mood, and negative self-esteem) and cyberbullying victimization (CBV). Methods This cross-sectional study collected data from 268 adolescents between the ages of 13 to 15 years-old (50.7% female) who responded to the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and to the Revised Cyberbullying Inventory (RCBI). Results CBV was positively associated with all CDI’s domains (anhedonia, ineffectiveness, interpersonal problems, negative mood, and negative self-esteem). Demographics – such as age and gender – were not significant in explaining CBV. However, ineffectiveness (B = .46, p = .04) and negative mood (B = .37, p < .05) significantly predicted CBV. Conclusion This study reports the first Brazilian examination of the links existing between CBV and specific types of depressive symptoms. Data reinforce the negative impact of cyberbullying experiences on youth’s mental health, highlighting stronger associations between negative mood and CBV, which could inform more tailored interventions.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar diferenças tanto nos marcadores nutricionais (albumina, transferrina, gordura corporal e índice de massa corporal) quanto nas complicações clínicas (diarreia, vômitos e interrupções na dieta) associadas à nutrição enteral administrada através de duas vias tradicionais. Métodos Este é um ensaio clínico de tratamento, paralelo de dois braços, aberto e randomizado controlado. Dos 105 participantes avaliados para elegibilidade, 35 pacientes adultos foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos e seguidos por 28 dias. A amostra foi formada por um grupo heterogêneo e gravemente enfermo, tratados inicialmente em unidades de terapia intensiva. Condições neurológicas, como acidente vascular e tumores cerebrais foram as razões principais para hospitalização. Os pacientes tinham em comum um aspecto, a saber, a necessidade clínica exclusiva de receber nutrição enteral. Um grupo recebeu a dieta via sonda gástrica e o outro através de sonda pós-pilórica. Resultados Os grupos apresentaram aumento de calorias prescritas e administradas, bem como redução da descontinuação da dieta. Embora valores semelhantes tenham sido observados até o 21° dia, o grupo pós-pilórico apresentou aumento dos níveis de albumina em relação ao grupo gástrico no dia 28. Os níveis de transferrina aumentaram ao longo do tempo em ambos os grupos. Conclusão Não houve diferenças nas complicações registradas entre os grupos, embora níveis séricos de albumina aumentaram significativamente no grupo pós-pilórico.

ABSTRACT Objective The present study assessed the differences in nutritional markers (albumin, transferrin, total body fat, and body mass index) and clinical complications (diarrhea, vomiting, and diet interruptions) associated with enteral nutrition. Methods This is an open-label, randomized, two-arm parallel-group controlled clinical trial. Out of 105 patients assessed for eligibility, 35 adult patients were randomly divided into two groups and followed for 28 days. The sample comprised a heterogeneous group of severely ill individuals initially treated in the intensive care units. Neurological conditions (i.e., strokes and brain tumours) were the most common reasons for hospitalization. Patients had one singularity: the clinical need for exclusive enteral nutrition therapy. One group received the diet via gastric tube and the other via a post-pyloric tube. Results The groups presented increases in the calories prescribed and administered, as well as reduced diet discontinuation. Although similar values were observed up to day 21, the post-pyloric group showed increased albumin levels compared to the gastric group on Day 28. Transferrin levels increased over time in both groups. Conclusion There were no differences in the complications recorded between groups, albeit serum albumin significantly increased in the post-pyloric group.

Resumo Objetivo Caracterizar o perfil e identificar os fatores associados à Hepatite B na população com 60 anos ou mais de idade da região Sudoeste do Paraná, Brasil. Método Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo e inferencial que analisou quantitativamente dados secundários obtidos através do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), entre 2007 a 2017. Resultados A Hepatite B foi mais frequente em homens, com baixa escolaridade e em indivíduos que exerciam atividade ligada à agricultura. A maioria dos casos foi notificada entre 2013 a 2017 e em sujeitos que reportaram exposição a material biológico. No modelo multivariado de regressão logística, as infecções pelos vírus da hepatite B foram associadas à raça/cor não branca (OR: 2,89; IC95% 1,07 – 7,87), ao histórico de realização de transfusão sanguínea (OR: 14,51; IC95% 5,44 – 38,74), em residentes de municípios de 10 a 20 mil habitantes (OR: 4,57; IC95% 1,59 – 13,12) e de municípios entre 20 a 50 mil habitantes (OR: 4,33; IC95% 1,61 – 11,56). Conclusão A caracterização dos possíveis fatores de risco para hepatite B nessa população podem subsidiar ações mais eficazes de prevenção e promoção de saúde, bem como fomentar estudos específicos que possam guiar políticas de atenção integral ao idoso.

Abstract Objective to characterize the epidemiologic profile of Hepatitis B in the population aged 60 years old or more from the southwest region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, between 2007 and 2017. Method an epidemiologic, descriptive, and inferential study was conducted based on notifications obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System(or SINAN). Results Hepatitis B was more frequent in men, those with low levels of schooling and among individuals who worked in agriculture. Most of the cases were reported between 2013 and 2017 in subjects who reported having been exposed to biological material. According to logistic regression, hepatitis B infections were associated with non-white ethnicity (OR: 2.89; 95%CI 1.07 – 7.87), a history of blood transfusions (OR: 14.51; 95%CI 5.44 – 38.74), living in municipal regions with 10,000 to 20,000 inhabitants (OR: 4.57; 95%CI 1.59 – 13.12) and also among individuals from municipal regions with 20,000 to 50,000 inhabitants (OR: 4.33; 95%CI 1.61 – 11.56). Conclusion the epidemiological profile reported here represents a risk factor for hepatitis B in this population. The data can support more effective interventions, as well as further studies to guide comprehensive public health policies for older adults.

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to describe the preliminary psychometric properties of the “Self-Efficacy to Regulate Eating Habits (SEREH)”. Material and Methods Participated in a randomized clinical trial for lifestyle modification 135 subjects with metabolic syndrome, who were divided into two groups (e.g., experimental and control), in a 18-months follow-up. The evaluation included anthropometric, clinical, psychological and lifestyle data. To verify the validity and reliability, a factorial analysis was performed, as well as analyses of the internal consistency, temporal stability, sensitivity to change, and convergent validity. Results A solution with two factors was extracted, which explained 60.97% of the variance of the SEREH. The internal consistency for the total score was 0,971 - Cronbach’s alpha. Regarding temporal stability, no changes were observed during the follow-up in the control group. With regard to sensitivity to change, the experimental group showed greater self-efficacy than did the control group during the follow-up. Conclusions These preliminary results showed adequate psychometric properties of the scale, demonstrating that this is a valid and reliable scale for assessing self-efficacy related to food behaviors.

Resumen Introducción El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir las propiedades psicométricas preliminares de la “Escala de autoeficacia para hábitos alimentarios”. Material y Métodos Participaron en un ensayo clínico aleatorizado para la modificación del estilo de vida 135 sujetos con síndrome metabólico, divididos en dos grupos (grupo control y grupo experimental), con un seguimiento de 18 meses. La evaluación incluyó datos antropométricos, clínicos, psicológicos y de estilo de vida. Para la validez y fiabilidad se realizó análisis factorial, de la consistencia interna, estabilidad temporal, sensibilidad al cambio y validez concurrente. Resultados La solución de 2 factores explica el 60,97% de la varianza común. La consistencia interna para la puntuación total fue de 0,971 - alfa de Cronbach. En cuanto a la estabilidad temporal, no se observó ningún cambio en el grupo control. Con respecto a la sensibilidad al cambio, el grupo experimental presentó mayor autoeficacia a lo largo del seguimiento. Conclusiones Los resultados preliminares mostraron niveles adecuados de validez y fiabilidad, demostrando ser una escala útil para evaluar la autoeficacia relacionada a la alimentación.

Objective: To investigate the unique contribution of narcissism and impulsivity, in addition to callous-unemotional (CU) traits, in explaining concurrent prosocial and antisocial behavior. Method: Two hundred and forty-nine schoolchildren (53% female; age 9-12 years) completed the self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD). Two statistical models were tested, predicting conduct problems (CP) and prosocial behavior (PB). In the first one, CU traits and gender were entered into the equation. The second model added narcissism and impulsivity. Results: Gender, narcissism and impulsivity, but not CU, were statistically significant predictors of CP in the second model (F3,226 = 45.07, p < 0.001, R2 = 43.7%; betas: gender = -0.20, narcissism = 0.29, impulsivity = 0.36, CU = 0.06). PB was significantly predicted by all domains except gender (F3,226 = 42.57, p < 0.001, R2 = 42.4%; betas: gender = 0.08, narcissism = -0.16, impulsivity = -0.23, CU = -0.41). Conclusion: Our results confirmed that CU traits refer to a distinct manifestation of psychopathy in youth, but we also found that narcissism and impulsivity are equally important when predicting CP. Previous reports of sex differences on APSD and SDQ domains were also corroborated.

Resumen El Tecno-estrés se produce cuando las personas experimentan efectos psicosociales negativos por el uso de la tecnología y también demuestran valencia negativa asociada con el uso de las TIC. Se compone de cuatro dimensiones (incredulidad, fatiga, ansiedad, e ineficacia) que describen dos aspectos del tecno-estrés (tecno-ansiedad y tecno-cansancio). El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre las dimensiones del tecno-estrés, compromiso con la carrera, satisfacción con la vida y la interacción trabajo-familia entre los profesionales de las TIC. También se consideraron variables como el sexo, la edad y la antigüedad en el empleo. La muestra se compuso de 234 individuos brasileños. Se encontró que el conflicto trabajo-familia y familia-trabajo se asociaron con una mayor tecno-fatiga y tecno-ansiedad, y una menor resiliencia en la carrera. También se detectaron diferencias de edad y género, lo que enfatiza en el papel de las organizaciones y la sociedad en reducir las desigualdades en el lugar de trabajo y apoyar mejores acciones preventivas.

Abstract Technostress occurs when individuals experience negative psychosocial effects of technology usage and also demonstrate negative valence associated with ICT use. It is composed of four dimensions (Disbelief, Fatigue, Anxiety, and Ineffectiveness), which describe two aspects of technostress (Technoanxiety and Technofatigue). This study aimed to investigate the relation between technostress dimensions, career commitment, life satisfaction, and work-family interactions among ICT professionals. Variables including gender, age and length of employment were also considered. The sample was composed of 234 Brazilian individuals. It was found that work-family and family-work conflicts were associated with increased technofatigue and technoanxiety, and decreased career resilience. Age and gender differences were also identified. These differences emphasize the role of organizations and society in what refers to reduce inequalities in workplace and to support better preventive actions.

Resumo O Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) confere bolsas de produtividade em pesquisa (PQ) aos profissionais que preenchem determinados critérios. A identificação do perfil dos bolsistas PQ das mais variadas áreas do conhecimento é importante tanto para a elaboração de um mapeamento geral sobre a área como um todo quanto para a elaboração de políticas que visem a incrementar o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico em subáreas ou locais específicos. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o perfil dos bolsistas PQ do CNPq atuantes na Psicologia, considerando o triênio concluído em 2014. A amostra foi composta pelos currículos de 338 bolsistas de produtividade que atuam na Psicologia. Os dados obtidos a partir deste levantamento indicaram que seis entre cada 10 bolsistas PQ que atuam na área da Psicologia estão concentradas no estrato 2 e que apenas 10 universidades concentram 56,7% dos pesquisadores contemplados com bolsas PQ. Ainda há uma centralização na região Sudeste, que recebe 55,3% das bolsas e apresenta a maior proporção de bolsas PQ por habitantes do país. Os bolsistas atuam majoritariamente em universidades públicas, principalmente federais, e são em sua maioria mulheres. Além disso, Psicologia Social, Psicologia do Desenvolvimento Humano e Tratamento e Prevenção Psicológica são as áreas de atuação mais recorrentes entre os pesquisadores que recebem bolsas PQ. A identificação de desigualdades regionais, de concentração de bolsas em poucas instituições e de disparidades de gênero, por exemplo, pode contribuir para que algumas questões relativas à distribuição de recursos sejam reavaliadas.

Abstract The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) provides research productivity grants (PQ) to professionals who meet certain criteria. Identifying the profile of PQ scholars from different fields of knowledge is important for the development of a broad mapping of the field and for the development of policies aimed at boosting scientific and technological development in sub-areas or specific locations. The goal of this study is to analyze the profile of CNPq PQ fellows working in Psychology, considering the three-year period concluded in 2014. The sample consisted of curricula from 338 productivity fellows working in Psychology. The data obtained from this survey indicated that six out of every 10 PQ fellows working in the field of Psychology are located on the layer 2 and that only 10 universities concentrate 56.7% of researchers awarded with PQ grants. There is still a high concentration in the Southeast, which receives 55.3% of grants and presents the highest proportion of PQ grants per inhabitants in Brazil. Fellows work mostly in public universities, mainly federal, and are mostly women. Moreover, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology and Psychological Treatment and Prevention are the most frequent fields among researchers who receive PQ grants. The identification of regional inequalities, concentration of grants in only a few institutions and also gender disparities, for example, can contribute so that questions regarding resource distribution can be reassessed.

Resumen El Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (CNPq) ofrece becas de productividad en investigación (PQ) a los investigadores que cumplen con ciertos criterios. Identificar el perfil de los becarios PQ de diferentes campos del conocimiento es importante para un mapeo general del área de estudio, y para la formulación de políticas destinadas a estimular el desarrollo científico y tecnológico en sub-áreas o lugares específicos. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el perfil de los becarios PQ del CNPq que trabajan en psicología, teniendo en cuenta el período de tres años completado en 2014. La muestra fue compuesta por los currículos de 338 becarios PQ que trabajan en psicología. Los datos obtenidos de este estudio indicaron que seis de cada 10 becarios PQ que trabajan en el campo de la psicología se centran en la capa 2, y que solo 10 universidades concentran el 56,7% de los investigadores galardonados con becas PQ. Todavía hay una centralización en el sudeste, que recibe el 55,3% de las becas y tiene la mayor proporción de becas PQ por habitantes del país. Los becarios trabajan principalmente en universidades públicas, la mayor parte federales, y son en su mayoría mujeres. Además, Psicología Social, Psicología del Desarrollo Humano y Tratamiento y Prevención Psicológica, son las áreas más frecuentes de atención entre los investigadores que reciben becas PQ. La identificación de las desigualdades regionales, de la concentración de las becas en unas pocas instituciones, y de las disparidades de género, por ejemplo, puede contribuir a reevaluar la distribución de los recursos.

El Cuestionario sobre Calidad de la Amistad (Friendship Quality Questionnaire [FQQ]) es un instrumento desarrollado para medir las percepciones de los niños acerca de la cualidad de sus amistades. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las propiedades psicométricas del FQQ en una muestra de niños y adolescentes de una comunidad en Brasil. 274 estudiantes de 9-13 años de edad (M = 10.46; DE = 0.81), 52.2 % chicos, respondieron a la versión brasileña del FQQ. El análisis factorial confirmatorio muestra la estructura original de seis factores del FQQ después de la exclusión de un ítem relacionado con traición. A excepción de la subescala "Conflicto", los demás factores presentaron altas intercorrelaciones positivas. La escala total y todas las subescalas mostraron adecuada consistencia interna. Las niñas tuvieron puntuaciones más elevadas en la escala total y en las subescalas "Validación y Cuidado" y "Cambios Intimos" cuando se compararon con los chicos. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el FQQ presenta adecuadas evidencias de validación y confiabilidad para la medida de cualidad en la amistad de niños y adolescentes brasileños.

The Friendship Quality Questionnaire (FQQ) is an instrument designed to assess children's perceptions of qualities of their friendship. The aim of this study was to investigate psychometric properties of the FQQ in a Brazilian community sample of children and early adolescents. Participants were 274 students aged 9-13 years (M = 10.46; SD = 0.81), 52.2% boys, who completed the Brazilian version of the FQQ. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the six-factor original structure of the FQQ fit this sample well after the exclusion of one item related to betrayal. Except for the "Conflict" subscale, all factors presented high positive intercorrelations. The total and subscale scores showed good internal consistency. Girls scored higher on the total score and the "Validation and Caring" and "Intimate Exchange" subscale scores as compared to boys. Our findings suggest the FQQ presented good evidences of validity and reliability to assess friendship quality in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and disorder (OCD) among adolescents and to describe OCD characteristics according to gender. Methods: Participants were selected by cluster sampling at seven high-schools in southern Brazil. In the first stage, 2,323 students were screened for OCS; in the second stage, adolescents scoring ≥ 21 on the OCI-R scale were individually interviewed. OCD diagnosis was established using a semi-structured interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children: Present and Lifetime Version - K-SADS-PL). Results: The past-month estimated prevalence of OCS was 18.3%, and the point estimated prevalence of OCD, 3.3%. Girls showed higher scores (OCS: 24.8 vs. 14.4%; OCD: 4.9 vs. 1.4%; p < 0.001). Only 9.3% of OCD adolescents had been diagnosed and 6.7% received treatment. The most frequent/severe DY-BOCS dimensions were miscellaneous (86.7%; mean score 6.3±3.8) and symmetry (85.3%; 5.9±3.8). Female OCD adolescents predominantly showed depression (p = 0.032), and male adolescents, tic disorders (p = 0.006). Conclusions: OCD is underdiagnosed in adolescents, and few are treated. Future studies should investigate the relationship between OCS and the onset of OCD.