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Abstract Objective: Changes in the epidemiology of respiratory infections during the restrictions imposed as a response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have been reported elsewhere. The present study’s aim was to describe the prevalence of a large array of respiratory pathogens in symptomatic children and adolescents during the pandemic in Southern Brazil. Methods: Hospitalized and outpatients aged 2 months to 18 years with signs and symptoms of acute COVID-19 were prospectively enrolled in the study from May to November 2020 in two hospitals in a large metropolitan area in a Brazilian city. All participants performed a real-time PCR panel assessing 20 respiratory pathogens (three bacteria and 17 viruses). Results: 436 participants were included, with 45 of these hospitalized. Rhinovirus was the most prevalent pathogen (216/436) followed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, 97/436), with a coinfection of these two viruses occurring in 31/436 participants. The remaining pathogens were found in 24 symptomatic participants (adenovirus, n = 6; Chlamydophila pneumoniae, n = 1; coronavirus NL63, n = 2; human enterovirus, n = 7; human metapneu-movirus, n = 2; Mycoplasma pneumoniae, n = 6). Hospitalization was more common among infants (p = 0.004) and those with pathogens other than SARS-CoV-2 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: During the period of social distancing in response to COVID-19, the prevalence of most respiratory pathogens was unusually low. Rhinovirus remained as the main virus co-circulating with SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 in symptomatic children was less associated with hospitalization than with other respiratory infections in children and adolescents.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2022.03.003

Association between obesity and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 adult outpatients in Brazil: a prospective cohort study
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Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Telo, Gabriela Heiden

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Azevedo, Thaís Raupp

; Santos, Amanda Paz

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

; Rosa, Regis Goulart

; Stein, Renato T.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Ago 2022, Volume 66 Nº 4 Páginas 512 - 521

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between obesity and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 adult outpatients in Brazil. Subjects and methods: Adults with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection who sought treatment in two hospital (public and private) emergency departments were prospectively enrolled. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 at inclusion were followed by phone calls at days D7, D14 and D28. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between obesity and other potential predictors for hospitalization. Results: A total of 1,050 participants were screened, and 297 completed the 28-day follow-up and were diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT-PCR. The median age was 37.2 (IQR 29.7-44.6) years, and 179 (60.0%) were female. The duration of symptoms was 3.0 (IQR 2.0-5.0) days, and 10.0 (IQR 8.0-12.0) was the median number of symptoms at inclusion. Ninety-five (32.0%) individuals had obesity, and 233 (78.5%) had no previous medical conditions. Twenty-three participants (7.7%) required hospitalization during the follow-up period. After adjusting, obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.63-4.83, P < 0.001) and older age (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher risks of hospitalization. Conclusion: Obesity, followed by aging, was the main factor associated with hospital admission for COVID-19 in a young population in a low-middle income country. Our findings highlighted the need to promote additional protection for individuals with obesity, such as vaccination, and to encourage lifestyle changes.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000486

Low performance of a SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay in symptomatic children during the pandemic
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Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

; David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Ferreira, Charles Francisco

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Santos, Amanda Paz

; Krauzer, João Ronaldo Mafalda

; Pitrez, Paulo Márcio

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Stein, Renato T.

Jornal de Pediatria

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Abr 2022, Volume 98 Nº 2 Páginas 136 - 141

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the accuracy of an antibody point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay (LFI -Wondfo Biotech Co., Guangzhou, China) in a pediatric population. Methods: children and adolescents (2 months to 18 years) with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were prospectively investigated with nasopharyngeal RT-PCR and LFI at the emergency room. RT-PCR was performed at baseline, and LFI at the same time or scheduled for those with less than 7 days of the clinical picture. Overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were assessed, as well as according to the onset of symptoms (7-13 or ≥14 days) at the time of the LFI test. Results: In 175 children included, RT-PCR and LFI were positive in 51 (29.14%) and 36 (20.57%), respectively. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value was 70.6% (95%CI 56.2-82.5), 96.8% (95%CI 91.9-99.1), 90.0% (95%CI 77.2-96.0), and 88.9% (95%CI 83.9-92.5), respectively. At 7-13 and ≥14 days after the onset of symptoms, sensitivity was 60.0% (95%CI 26.2-87.8) and 73.2% (95%CI 57.1-85.8) and specificity was 97.9% (95%CI 88.7-99.9) and 96.1% (95%CI 89.0-99.2), respectively. Conclusion: Despite its high specificity, in the present study the sensitivity of LFI in children was lower (around 70%) than most reports in adults. Although a positive result is informative, a negative LFI test cannot rule out COVID-19 in children.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.04.010

Prevalence and factors associated with no intention to exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months of life
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Mattiello, Rita

; Kotoski, Aline

; Ayala, Camila Ospina

; Recha, Carine Lucena

; Quiroga, Carolina Villanova

; Machado, Cátia Regina

; Roxo, Cristiano de Oliveira

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Couto, Giovanna Trevisan

; Cassão, Gisele

; Lopes, Jéssica Blatt

; Gonçalves, João Ismael Budelon

; Silva, Juliana Fernandes da

; Barh, Mariana Barth de

; Rocha, Natalie Duran

; Albuquerque, Nathalia Saraiva de

; Corte, Ricardo Arlindo Dalla

; Bernardes, Rossana

; Richter, Samanta Andresa

; Rossi, Tainá

; Santos, Ina S.

Jornal de Pediatria

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Fev 2022, Volume 98 Nº 1 Páginas 39 - 45

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with no intention to exclusively breastfeed for the first 6 months of life in a sample of women in the first 24 h postpartum during the hospital stay. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data from screening phase of a birth cohort. The proportion of mothers who did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months (primary outcome) derived from a negative response to the question “Would you be willing to try to breastfeed exclusively for the first 6 months?”, in an interview conducted by previously trained interviewers. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals were obtained by Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: A total of 2964 postpartum women were interviewed. The overall prevalence of mothers who did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months was 17.8% (16.4–19.1%). After adjusting for maternal age and type of pregnancy (singleton or multiple), no intention to exclusively breastfeed was higher in mothers with a monthly household income < 3 minimum wages (PR, 1.64; 1.35–1.98) and in those who intended to smoke 4–7 days/week after delivery (PR, 1.42; 1.11–1.83). The presence of significant newborn morbidity (PR, 0.32; 0.19–0.54) and intention to breastfeed up to 12 months (PR, 0.46; 0.38–0.55) had a protective effect against not intending to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months. Conclusions: Approximately 1 in every 5 mothers did not intend to breastfeed exclusively for 6 months. Strategies aimed at promoting exclusive breastfeeding should focus attention on mothers from lower economic strata and smokers.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.02.006

Diagnostic accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 rapid test and optimal time for seropositivity according to the onset of symptoms
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David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Ferreira, Charles Francisco

; Bastos, Gisele Alsina Nader

; Pitrez, Paulo Márcio

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Stein, Renato Tetelbom

; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 Nº 1 elocation e00069921

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Os testes sorológicos no local de atendimento (point-of-care) para a infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 têm sidos utilizados para o diagnóstico da COVID-19. Entretanto, não está plenamente elucidada a acurácia dos testes ao longo do tempo em relação ao início dos sintomas. Nosso objetivo foi de avaliar a acurácia, no local de atendimento, do imunoensaio de fluxo lateral (LFI). Pacientes com ≥ 18 anos de idade que apresentavam sintomas clínicos sugestivos de infecção aguda pelo SARS-CoV-2 foram testados uma vez com RT-PCR da nasofaringe e orofaringe, além do LFI. A acurácia do LFI foi avaliada com intervalos periódicos de 3 dias a partir do início dos sintomas. O ponto de corte ótimo foi definido como o número necessário de dias para atingir a melhor sensibilidade e especificidade. Esse ponto foi utilizado também para comparar a acurácia do LFI de acordo com a situação do paciente (ambulatorial ou hospitalizado). Foram incluídos 959 pacientes, dos quais 379 (39,52%) testaram positivos para SARS-CoV-2 pelo RT-PCR e 272 (28,36%) pelo LFI. Foi atingido o melhor desempenho para o LFI com 10 dias a partir do início dos sintomas, com sensibilidade e especificidade de 84,9% (IC95%: 79,8-89,1) e 94,4% (IC95%: 91,0-96,8), respectivamente. Embora a especificidade não tenha sido diferente entre os grupos de pacientes (94,6% vs. 88,9%, p = 0,051), a sensibilidade foi mais alta nos pacientes hospitalizados que nos ambulatoriais (91,7% vs. 82,1%, p = 0,032) no dia 10 depois do início dos sintomas. A melhor sensibilidade do LFI no local de atendimento ocorre 10 dias depois do início dos sintomas, o que pode limitar seu uso no atendimento agudo. A especificidade permanece alta, independentemente do número de dias desde o início dos sintomas.

Point-of-care serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 have been used for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, their accuracy over time regarding the onset of symptoms is not fully understood. We aimed to assess the accuracy of a point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay (LFI). Subjects, aged over 18 years, presenting clinical symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were tested once by both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal RT-PCR and LFI. The accuracy of LFI was assessed in periodic intervals of three days in relation to the onset of symptoms. The optimal cut-off point was defined as the number of days required to achieve the best sensitivity and specificity. This cut-off point was also used to compare LFI accuracy according to participants’ status: outpatient or hospitalized. In total, 959 patients were included, 379 (39.52%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with RT-PCR, and 272 (28.36%) tested positive with LFI. LFI best performance was achieved after 10 days of the onset of symptoms, with sensitivity and specificity of 84.9% (95%CI: 79.8-89.1) and 94.4% (95%CI: 91.0-96.8), respectively. Although the specificity was similar (94.6% vs. 88.9%, p = 0.051), the sensitivity was higher in hospitalized patients than in outpatients (91.7% vs. 82.1%, p = 0.032) after 10 days of the onset of symptoms. Best sensitivity of point-of-care LFI was found 10 days after the onset of symptoms which may limit its use in acute care. Specificity remained high regardless of the number of days since the onset of symptoms.

Los puestos de atención para pruebas serológicas del SARS-CoV-2 han sido usado para la diagnosis de la COVID-19. No obstante, su precisión a lo largo del tiempo, en lo que respecta a la aparición de los síntomas, no se ha comprendido completamente. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la precisión de un puesto de atención de inmunoanálisis de flujo lateral (LFI). Se hizo pruebas a individuos ≥ 18 años, presentando síntomas clínicos compatibles con una infección aguda de SARS-CoV-2, tanto vía nasofaríngea y orofaríngea RT-PCR, como LFI. La precisión de LFI fue evaluada en intervalos periódicos de 3 días con respecto a la aparición de los síntomas. El punto óptimo de corte se definió como el número de días requerido para alcanzar la mejor sensibilidad y especificidad. Este punto también se usó para comparar la precisión del LFI, según el estatus de los participantes: ambulatorios u hospitalizados. Se incluyeron a 959 pacientes, 379 (39,52%) dieron positivo en las pruebas de SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, y 272 (28,36%) fueron positivos en los LFI. Se alcanzó el mejor rendimiento de los LFI tras 10 días de la aparición de los síntomas, con una sensibilidad y especificidad de un 84,9% (IC95%: 79,8-89,1) y 94,4% (IC95%: 91,0-96,8), respectivamente. A pesar de que la especificidad no fue diferente (94,6% vs. 88,9%, p = 0,051), la sensibilidad fue mayor en pacientes hospitalizados que en los ambulatorios (91,7% vs. 82,1%, p = 0,032) tras 10 días desde la aparición de los síntomas. La mejor sensibilidad LFI del puesto de cuidado se produce tras 10 días de la aparición de los síntomas, lo que quizás limite su uso en el cuidado de urgencias. La especificidad permanece alta independientemente del número de días desde la aparición de los síntomas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00069921

Diagnostic accuracy of a SARS-CoV-2 rapid test and optimal time for seropositivity according to the onset of symptoms
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David, Caroline Nespolo de

; Varela, Fernanda Hammes

; Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier

; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia

; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues

; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira

; Kern, Luciane Beatriz

; Ferreira, Charles Francisco

; Bastos, Gisele Alsina Nader

; Pitrez, Paulo Márcio

; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de

; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes

; Zavascki, Alexandre Prehn

; Stein, Renato Tetelbom

; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2022, Volume 38 Nº 1 elocation e00069921

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00069921

Violencia y seguridad en los márgenes urbanos: la respuesta chilena en los vecindarios (2001-2019)
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Luneke, Alejandra

; Varela, Fernanda

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Dez 2020, Nº 32 Páginas 43 - 75

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La violencia criminal se concentra en vecindarios afectados por condiciones de precariedad socioeconómica. En Chile, se han implementado diversas estrategias de seguridad de larga trayectoria, aunque poco analizadas hasta ahora. Con base en una investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa realizada en 2019, se revisa la respuesta frente al fenómeno. En diálogo con aquellas teorías que han explicado la violencia urbana, nuestro supuesto de investigación refiere a que existe una brecha en la forma como las autoridades conciben y dan respuesta a la violencia delictual, y la manera en que la ciudadanía las percibe. La investigación muestra que las iniciativas se han focalizado principalmente en acciones orientadas al control social informal de las comunidades, incorporando, en la última década, un componente urbano que privilegia una escala mayor de intervención en los territorios. Sin embargo, y pese a dichos esfuerzos, se observa un grado de penetración del Estado que aún es difícil de establecer, al mismo tiempo que el alcance de dicha respuesta es limitado para sus habitantes.

Abstract Criminal violence concentrates in neighborhoods affected by socioeconomic precarious conditions. In Chile, several long-standing security strategies have been implemented, although scarcely analyzed so far. Based on a quantitative and qualitative research carried out in 2019, this paper reviews the response to the phenomenon. After considering and analyzing the theories that have explained urban violence, our research assumption refers to the fact that there is a gap in the way the authorities conceive and respond to criminal violence and the way citizens perceive them. The research shows the initiatives have been focused mainly on actions aimed at the informal social control of the communities, incorporating in the last decade an urban component that favors a larger scale of intervention in the territories. However, despite these efforts, the degree of penetration by the State in the territories is difficult to establish, at the same time the scope of said response is limited for its inhabitants.

https://doi.org/10.18046/recs.i32.4055 255 downloads

Bilingualism in the development of phonological awareness skills: an integrative literature review
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Medeiros, Ana Carolina Dantas de

; Santos, Monalysse Francisca Pereira dos

; Varela, Fernanda Vanessa da Costa

; Rocha, Thayane Amanda de Lima

; Messias, Bárbara Louise Costa

; Azoni, Cíntia Alves Salgado

Revista CEFAC

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2020, Volume 22 Nº 4 elocation e0320

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar a influência do bilinguismo no desenvolvimento da Consciência Fonológica. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, construída a partir da hipótese de questionamento sobre a relação entre o bilinguismo e sua influência no desenvolvimento das habilidades fonológicas em crianças. A construção foi realizada nas bases de dados: Periódico CAPES, Pubmed, Scielo, Eric e LILACS, utilizando os seguintes termos livres em português e inglês: bilingualism AND phonology, bilingualism AND phonological awareness e bilingualism AND phonological skills. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram: a) artigos publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais com texto completo, gratuito e disponível na base de dados; b) em inglês e português; c) que abordassem a temática nos últimos cinco anos. Para a seleção dos artigos foram considerados a leitura pelo título, seguida do resumo e finalmente, a leitura dos artigos completos, potencialmente relevantes para a revisão. Resultados: seguindo os critérios de elegibilidade foram identificados 2.578 artigos. Destes, 87 foram selecionados para a leitura completa. A amostra final foi composta por 8 artigos, sendo 2 artigos de autores brasileiros. Destes, cinco artigos apresentaram melhor habilidade de consciência fonológica nos bilíngues e dois nos monolíngues. Estudos apontam que a idade pode ser um preditor de domínio da língua e de melhores habilidades de consciência fonológica associada ao bom desenvolvimento da leitura. Bilíngues expostos precocemente desenvolvem a leitura pela fonologia e os expostos tardiamente pela semântica. Conclusão: o presente estudo demonstrou que ainda há controvérsias quanto aos impactos do bilinguismo na consciência fonológica, inclusive sobre os benefícios na consciência fonológica.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the influence of bilingualism on the development of phonological awareness. Methods: this is an integrative literature review, built on the hypothesis of the relationship between bilingualism and its influence on the development of phonological skills in children. The construction was carried out in the databases: CAPES, Pubmed, Scielo, Eric, and LILACS, using the following free terms in Portuguese and English: bilingualism AND phonology, bilingualism AND phonological awareness and bilingualism AND phonological skills. The sample selection criteria were: a) scientific papers published in national and international journals with full text, free and available in the database; b) in English and Portuguese; c) that addressed the theme in the last five years. For the selection of the papers, reading the title, followed by the summary, and finally, reading the papers potentially relevant for review were considered. Results: following the eligibility criteria, 2,578 papers were identified. Of these, 87 were selected for complete analysis. The final sample consisted of eight papers, two of them being written by Brazilian authors. Of these, five showed better phonological awareness skills in bilinguals and two in monolinguals. Studies point out that age can be a predictor of language skills and better phonological awareness skills associated with good reading development. Bilinguals, early exposed to this skill, develop reading by phonology and those with late exposition, by semantics. Conclusion: the present study demonstrated that there are still controversies regarding the impacts of bilingualism on phonological awareness, including on the benefits of phonological awareness.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0216/20202240320 927 downloads

Epidemiología de la injuria renal aguda y enfermedad renal crónica en la unidad de cuidados intensivos
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Tejera, Darwin

; Varela, Fernanda

; Acosta, Daniela

; Figueroa, Stephanie

; Benencio, Sebastián

; Verdaguer, Cristina

; Bertullo, Mauricio

; Verga, Federico

; Cancela, Mario

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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Dez 2017, Volume 29 Nº 4 Páginas 444 - 452

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the epidemiology of acute kidney injury, its relationship to chronic kidney disease, and the factors associated with its incidence. Methods: A cohort study and follow-up were conducted in an intensive care unit in Montevideo, Uruguay. We included patients admitted between November 2014 and October 2015 who were older than 15 years of age and who had at least two measurements of serum creatinine. We excluded patients who were hospitalized for less than 48 hours, patients who died at the time of hospitalization, and patients with chronic renal disease who were on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. There were no interventions. Acute kidney injury was defined according to the criteria set forth in Acute Kidney Injury Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, and chronic kidney disease was defined according to the Chronic Kidney Disease Work Group. Results: We included 401 patients, 56.6% male, median age of 68 years (interquartile range (IQR) 51-79 years). The diagnosis at admission was severe sepsis 36.3%, neurocritical 16.3%, polytrauma 15.2%, and other 32.2%. The incidence of acute kidney injury was 50.1%, and 14.1% of the patients suffered from chronic kidney disease. The incidence of acute septic kidney injury was 75.3%. Mortality in patients with or without acute kidney injury was 41.8% and 14%, respectively (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the most significant variables for acute kidney injury were chronic kidney disease (odds ratio (OR) 5.39, 95%CI 2.04 - 14.29, p = 0.001), shock (OR 3.94, 95%CI 1.72 - 9.07, p = 0.001), and severe sepsis (OR 7.79, 95%CI 2.02 - 29.97, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The incidence of acute kidney injury is high mainly in septic patients. Chronic kidney disease was independently associated with the development of acute kidney injury.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la epidemiología de la injuria renal aguda, la relación con la enfermedad renal crónica y los factores asociados a su incidencia. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte y seguimiento en una unidad de terapia intensiva de Montevideo - Uruguay. Se incluyeron pacientes ingresados entre noviembre 2014 a octubre 2015, mayores de 15 años con dos mediciones de creatinina sérica. Se excluyeron pacientes con menos de 48 horas de internación o fallecidos en ese tiempo y portadores de enfermedad renal crónica en hemodiálisis o diálisis peritoneal. No hubo intervenciones. La injuria renal aguda se definió según criterios Acute Kidney Injury Disease Improving Global Outcomes y la enfermedad renal crónica según Cronic Kidney Disease Work Group. Resultados: Se incluyeron 401 pacientes, sexo masculino 56,6%, mediana de edad 68 (rango intercuartílico - RIC 51 - 79) años. El diagnóstico al ingreso fue sepsis grave 36,3%, neurocrítico 16,3%, politrauma 15,2% y otros 32,2%. La incidencia de injuria renal aguda fue de 50,1%. El 14,1% eran portadores de enfermedad renal crónica. La incidencia de injuria renal aguda séptica fue de 75,3%. La mortalidad en los pacientes con o sin injuria renal aguda fue de 41,8 y 14% respectivamente (p < 0,001). En el análisis multivariado las variables de mayor significación para la injuria renal aguda fueron enfermedad renal crónica (odds ratio - OR 5,39 IC95% 2,04 - 14,29 p = 0,001), shock (OR 3,94 IC95% 1,72 - 9,07 p = 0,001) y sepsis grave (OR 7,79 IC 95% 2,02 - 29,97 p = 0,003). Conclusión: La incidencia de injuria renal aguda es elevada principalmente en pacientes sépticos. La enfermedad renal crónica se asoció de forma independiente al desarrollo de injuria renal aguda.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20170061 4938 downloads

10.

Nefropatía IgA en Uruguay: presentación clínica y evolución
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Gadola, Liliana

; Cabrera, Jimena

; Marichal, Nelson Acosta

; Panuncio, Ana

; Aunchaina, María Haydé

; Coria, Virginia

; Petraglia, Alicia

; Ottati, Gabriela

; Melessi, Silvia

; Sarro, Pablo Ríos

; Gelabert, Beatriz

; Verdaguer, Cristina

; Dibello, Nelson

; Burgos, Cecilia

; Arregui, Raquel

; Santiago, José

; Rey, Federico García

; Varela, Fernanda

; Marton, Sebastián

; Campeas, Gabriela

; Maino, Alfredo

; Ballardini, Sylvia

; Opertti, Alejandro

; Borggini, Pierina

; Cuña, Patricia

; Szpinak, Ben

; Brovia, Soledad

; Antúnez, Mary

; Desiderio, Graciela

; Noboa, Óscar

; Schwedt, Emma

; Caorsi, Hena

; González-Martínez, Francisco

; González, Carlota

; Garau, Mariela

Revista Médica del Uruguay

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Mar 2015, Volume 31 Nº 1 Páginas 15 - 26

Resumo: Es Pt En | Texto: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

La nefropatía IgA es frecuente en Uruguay y su tratamiento conflictivo. Objetivo: analizar la incidencia, presentación clínica, histología, tratamiento y evolución de la nefropatía IgA en Uruguay. Material y método: se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de datos del Registro Uruguayo de Glomerulopatías (RUG) e historias clínicas con estricta confidencialidad; se registró edad, sexo, fecha de biopsia renal, presentación clínica, presión arterial (PA), proteinuria, hematuria y creatininemia (al inicio y en última evolución registrada), histología, tratamientos y evolución. Análisis estadístico uni y multivariado. Aprobado por el Comité de Ética del Hospital de Clínicas. Resultados: se estudiaron 341 pacientes con nefropatía IgA, confirmada por histología, en el período comprendido entre el 1º de enero de 1985 y el 31 de diciembre de 2009; 65% hombres, edad media 31 ± 13 años y mediana de seguimiento de 52 meses (1-271); 14% ingresaron a diálisis y 1,2% fallecieron. La presentación clínica más frecuente fue con alteraciones urinarias asintomáticas (AUA) (42%), (mayor en el período 2000-2009, chi2 p < 0,05). Al inicio, la proteinuria era 1,7 ± 1,9 g/l; creatininemia 1,6 ± 1,8 mg/dl, y 32% tenían PA ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Se observaron semilunas en 48%. Recibieron inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina/antagonistas de los receptores de la angiotensina II (IECA/ARAII) 56% e inmunosupresores, 52%. La PA disminuyó significativamente en la evolución. En el análisis univariado, la creatininemia inicial fue ≥ 2,5 mg/dl, proteinuria, semilunas y proliferación endocapilar se asociaron a ingreso a diálisis o fallecimiento, pero en el análisis multivariado (regresión de Cox) solo fue significativo el nivel de creatininemia. Conclusiones: la presentación clínica de nefropatía IgA ha cambiado en la última década, siendo más frecuente las AUA. La creatininemia ≥ 2,5 mg/dl se asocia a peor supervivencia renal, probable “punto de no retorno”.

Resumo A nefropatia IgA é frequente no Uruguai e seu tratamento conflitivo. Objetivo: analisar a incidência, apresentação clínica, histologia, tratamento e evolução da nefropatia IgA no Uruguai. Material e método: uma análise retrospectiva dos dados do Registro Uruguaio de Glomerulopatias (RUG) e prontuários médicos com absoluta confidencialidade foi realizada; foram registrados idade, sexo, data da biopsia renal, apresentação clínica, pressão arterial (PA), proteinúria, hematúria e creatininemia (no inicio e na última evolução registrada), histologia, tratamentos e evolução. Análise estatística uni e multivariada. Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética do Hospital das Clínicas. Resultados: foram estudados 341 pacientes com nefropatia IgA, confirmada por histologia, no período 1º de janeiro de 1985 - 31 de dezembro de 2009; 65% eram homens, idade média 31 ± 13 anos e mediana de seguimento de 52 meses (1-271); 14% ingressaram a diálise e 1,2% faleceu. A apresentação clínica mais frequente foi presença de alterações urinárias assintomáticas (AUA) (42%), (maior no período 2000-2009, chi2 p < 0,05). No inicio, a proteinuria era 1,7 ± 1,9 g/l; creatininemia 1,6 ± 1,8 mg/dl, e 32% apresentaram PA ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Foram observadas crescentes celulares em 48%. Receberam inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina/antagonistas dos receptores da angiotensina (IECA/ ARA) 56% e imunossupressores, 52%. A PA diminuiu significativamente na evolução. Na análise univariada, a creatininemia inicial foi ≥2,5 mg/dl, proteinúria, crescentes celulares e proliferação endocapilar estavam associados ao ingresso à diálise e ao falecimento, porém na análise multivariada (regressão de Cox) somente o nível de creatininemia foi significativo. Conclusões: a apresentação clínica da nefropatía IgA mostrou mudanças na última década, sendo mais frequente as AUA. A creatininemia ≥ 2,5 mg/dl está associada a pior supervivência renal, provável “ponto de não retorno”.

Abstract IgA nephropathy is a frequent condition in Uruguay and treating it is controversial. Objective: to analyse incidence, clinical presentation, histology, treatment and evolution of nephropathy in Uruguay. Method: we conducted a retrospective study of data kept at the Uruguayan Registry of Glomerulopathies and medical records under strict confidentiality. Age, sex, date of the kidney biopsy, clinical presentation, blood pressure, proteinuria, hematuria and creatininemia (initial and in the last evolution recorded), histology, treatment and evolution were registered. Single-variate and multivariate statistic analysis were applied. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Clínicas University Hospital. Results: Three hundred and forty one patients with IgA nephropathy - confirmed with histopathology analysis - were studied. Sixty five per cent were men, average age was 31 ± 13 year old and follow-up median 52 months (1-271); 14% started with dialysis and 1.2% died. The most common clinical presentation was asymptomatic urinary alterations (42%), (and this was more evident in the 2000-2009 period, chi2 p < 0.05). At the beginning, proteinuria was 1.7 ± 1.9 g/l; creatininemia 1.6 ± 1.8 mg/dl, and blood pressure was PA ≥ 140/90 mmHg in 32% of patients. Crescent formations were observed in 48%. Fifty six per cent of them received angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) / angiotensin receptor blockers and 52% of patients received immunosuppressants. Blood pressure significantly dropped in the evolution. In the single-variate analysis, initial creatininemia was ≥ 2.5 mg/dl, proteinuria, crescent formations and endocapillary proliferation were associated to starting dialysis or death, although in the multivariate analysis (Cox regression) only the level of creatininemia was significant. Conclusions: the clinical presentation of IgA nephropathy has changed in the past decade, being the asymtomatic urinary alterations the most frequent. Creatininemia ≥ 2.5 mg/dl is associated to a worse renal survival, probably the “point of no return”.

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11.

Conhecimento dos pais sobre profilaxia de endocardite infecciosa em crianças portadoras de cardiopatias congênitas
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Haag, Fabiana

; Casonato, Sílvia

; Varela, Fernanda

; Firpo, Cora

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Set 2011, Volume 26 Nº 3 Páginas 413 - 418

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: As diretrizes para profilaxia de endocardite infecciosa mudaram, mas muitas cardiopatias congênitas seguem sendo consideradas de alto risco para o desenvolvimento da doença. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento dos pais ou responsáveis pelas crianças e adolescentes portadores de cardiopatias atendidos em um serviço de referência no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, sobre endocardite infecciosa e sua profilaxia. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 90 pacientes portadores de cardiopatias congênitas em acompanhamento ambulatorial regular. O conhecimento dos pais foi avaliado com o uso de questionário específico e os demais dados foram obtidos por meio da revisão de prontuários. RESULTADOS: A mediana da idade dos pacientes foi de 5,6 anos (3 meses - 14 anos e 7 meses), sendo 57,7% do sexo masculino. A mediana de tempo de acompanhamento no serviço foi de 3,49 anos (1,20-7,38 anos). Os anos de estudo formal dos pais apresentaram média de 7,67 ± 3,25 anos. De acordo com o escore previamente estabelecido, o conhecimento dos pais entrevistados foi considerado satisfatório em 37,7% dos casos, regular, em 33,3% e insatisfatório, em 28,8%. Houve correlação significativa entre o índice de conhecimento dos pais e tempo de acompanhamento das crianças no serviço (r=0,584; P<0,001). Não houve correlação entre a escolaridade dos pais e o conhecimento dos mesmos (r=0,028; P=0,796). CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento dos pais sobre endocardite e sua profilaxia mostrou-se inadequado, requerendo maior atenção nas orientações transmitidas nas consultas

INTRODUCTION: The guidelines to prophylaxis of infectious endocarditis changed, but many congenital heart diseases continue to be considered as high risk for the development of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of parents or guardians of children and adolescents with congenital heart disease seen at a referral center in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil on infective endocarditis and its prevention. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 90 patients with congenital heart defects in regular outpatient treatment. The parents' knowledge was assessed using a specific questionnaire and other data were obtained through medical records. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 5.6 years (3 months -14 years), being 57,7% males. The median follow-up time in service was 3.49 years (1.20-7.38). The years of formal schooling of the parents had a mean of 7.67 ± 3.25 years. According to the score previously established, the knowledge of the interviewed parents was considered satisfactory in 37.7%, regular in 33.3% and unsatisfying in 28,8%. There was significant correlation between the index of parents' knowledge and monitoring of children at service (r=0.584; P=0.796). There was no correlation between parents' education and knowledge of them (r=0.028; P=0.796). CONCLUSION: The parents' knowledge about endocarditis and its prevention was inadequate, requiring greater attention to the orientations passed in consultations

https://doi.org/10.5935/1678-9741.20110016 6170 downloads Citado 1 vez em SciELO

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