Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o intervalo de colheita para produção de fitomassa de manjerona (Origanum majorana), em transplantes no verão e no inverno. Foram realizados dois experimentos independentes em cultivo fora do solo: um com transplante no verão e outro no inverno, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco intervalos de colheita (30, 45, 60, 72 e 90 dias) e quatro repetições. Foram determinadas as massas de matéria fresca e seca de folhas, ramos e parte aérea. Para cada planta, foi calculada a produção acumulada nas colheitas em função dos dias após o transplante. A massa de matéria fresca de folhas foi superior nos intervalos de 60 e 90 dias, no transplante de verão, e de 72 e 90 dias, no transplante de inverno. Colheitas em intervalos de 60 dias, no transplante de verão, e de 72 dias, no transplante de inverno, são apropriadas para produção de fitomassa de manjerona.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to determine the harvest interval for phytomass production of marjoram (Origanum majorana) in summer and winter transplants. Two independent experiments were performed in off-ground cultivation: one with a summer and another with a winter transplant, in a completely randomized design with five harvest intervals (30, 45, 60, 72, and 90 days) and four replicates. The fresh and dry masses of leaves, branches, and aerial part were determined. For each plant, the production accumulated in the harvests was calculated as affected by days after the transplant. The fresh matter mass of the leaves was higher at the intervals of 60 and 90 days, in the summer transplant, and of 72 and 90 days, in the winter transplant. Harvesting at intervals of 60 days in the summer transplant and of 72 days in the winter transplant are appropriate for marjoram phytomass production.

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to determine the optimum plot size and number of repetitions to evaluate the fresh matter weight of vetch (Vicia sativa L.) in sowing densities. Fortyeight uniformity trials of 6 m × 6 m were conducted. Sixteen trials were evaluated in each sowing density (40, 60, and 80 kg∙ha−1). Each trial was divided into 36 basic experimental units (BEU) of 1 m × 1 m, totaling 1,728 BEU. In each BEU, the fresh matter was weighed. The optimum plot size was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation model. The means were compared among sowing densities by the Scott-Knott’s test. The number of repetitions — for experiments with completely randomized and randomized block designs, in scenarios of i treatments (i = 3, 4, …, 50) and d minimal differences between treatments means being detected as significant with 5% probability by Tukey’s test, expressed in percentage of the experiment average (d = 10%, 11%, …, 20%), was determined by iterative process until convergence. The optimum plot size to evaluate the fresh matter weight of vetch is 4.52 m2 at the 3 sowing densities. Four repetitions, to evaluate up to 50 treatments, in completely randomized and randomized block designs, are enough to identify as significant, at 5% probability by Tukey’s test, differences between treatment means of 29.15% of the experiment average.

Abstract Phyllochron and leaf appearance rate are both important parameters in the production efficiency of agricultural crops. The objectives of this study were to determine the phyllochron and leaf appearance rate in 4 oat cultivars (Avena sativa L.) in 3 sowing dates and verify the variability of phyllochron and leaf appearance rate among cultivars and sowing dates. The experimental design was the completely randomized with 12 treatments and 20 repetitions. Treatments were formed by the combination of 4 cultivars (URS Charrua, URS Taura, URS Estampa, and URS Corona) and 3 sowing dates in 2014 (April 28, May 28, and July 14). In each plant (repetition) of each treatment, the number of expanded leaves (NEL) was counted 3 times per week from the first leaf emission until flowering. For each plant, cultivar, and sowing date, linear regression was adjusted between NEL and accumulated thermal time (ATT) and between NEL and number of days after emergence (DAE). Phyllochron was determined by the inverse of the angular coefficient of the linear regression between the NEL and ATT. The leaf appearance rate was determined by the inverse of the angular coefficient of the linear regression between NEL and DAE. In oat, there is variability of phyllochron and leaf appearance rate among cultivars and sowing dates. Phyllochron oscillates between 95.88 and 117.70 °C day∙leaf−1 and leaf appearance rate, between 6.41 and 9.65 days∙leaf−1. The oat cropping management in function of phyllochron and leaf appearance rate is dependent on cultivars and sowing dates.