PurposeThis study compares incidence and mortality of penile cancer in Puerto Rico (PR) with other racial/ethnic groups in the United States (US) and evaluates the extent in which socioeconomic position index (SEP) or its components influence incidence and mortality in PR.Materials and MethodsAge-standardized rates were calculated for incidence and mortality based on data from the PR Cancer Registry and the US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program, using the direct method.ResultsPR men had approximately 3-fold higher incidence of penile cancer as compared to non-Hispanic white (Standardized rate ratio [SRR]: 3.33; 95%CI=2.80-3.95). A higher incidence of penile cancer was also reported in PR men as compared to non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics men. Mortality from penile cancer was also higher for PR men as compared to all other ethnic/racial groups. PR men in the lowest SEP index had 70% higher incidence of penile cancer as compared with those PR men in the highest SEP index. However, the association was marginally significant (SRR: 1.70; 95%CI=0.97, 2.87). Only low educational attainment was statistically associated with higher penile cancer incidence (SRR: 2.18; 95%CI=1.42-3.29).ConclusionsAlthough penile cancer is relatively uncommon, our results support significant disparities in the incidence and mortality rates among men in PR. Low educational attainment might influence the high incidence of penile cancer among PR men. Further studies are strongly recommended to explore these disparities.

OBJECTIVE:The analysis of scientific production in Puerto Rico is largely unexplored. The main aim of this study is to present the characteristics and trends of cancer publications in Puerto Rico's biomedical journals and their relationship with the island's cancer mortality. METHODS:A PubMed and a hard-copy search were performed to retrieve cancer-related articles published in the Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal and the Boletín de la Asociación Médica de Puerto Rico from 1903 to 2005. Bibliometric indicators studied included the number of authors and references by article, first author's institutional affiliation and country, document type, and language. The study type and tumor classification were also recorded. Cancer proportional mortality (M%) in Puerto Rico and the proportion of cancer-related articles (P%) published were also evaluated. The annual percent change (APC) was estimated to assess trends. RESULTS:A total of 369 articles were retrieved. The institutions with the majority of publications were universities (39.6%), English was the predominant publication language (72.1%), and the principal document type was original papers (69.6%). Epidemiologic studies were the dominant study type (62.1%), and the most studied cancers were digestive (15.4%) and gynecologic (9.6%). Although the P% has increased since 1913 (APC = 1.2%), the M% increased at a faster pace (APC = 2.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Although a growth in the number of cancer publications is observed in these journals, it does not parallel the increase in proportional mortality. A better understanding of the cancer publications in Puerto Rico is essential to establish priorities, define future areas of research, and develop cancer control strategies.

OBJETIVO: El análisis de la producción científica de Puerto Rico está aún en gran parte pendiente. El objetivo principal de este estudio es presentar las características y las tendencias de las publicaciones sobre cáncer en las revistas biomédicas de Puerto Rico y su relación con la mortalidad por cáncer en la Isla. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed y revistas impresas para localizar los artículos relacionados con cáncer publicados entre 1903 y 2005 en Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal y el Boletín de la Asociación Médica de Puerto Rico. Entre los indicadores bibliométricos estudiados están el número de autores y referencias por artículo, la afiliación institucional y el país del primer autor, el tipo de documento y el idioma; se recogió también el tipo de estudio y de cáncer. Se evaluaron la mortalidad proporcional por cáncer (M%) en Puerto Rico y la proporción de artículos publicados relacionados con el cáncer (P%). Para evaluar las tendencias se estimó el cambio porcentual anual (APC). RESULTADOS: Se localizaron 369 artículos. Predominaron los artículos originales (69,6%), de universidades (39,6%) y en inglés (72,1%). Los estudios epidemiológicos fueron los más frecuentes (62,1%) y los tipos de cáncer más estudiados fueron los del sistema digestivo (15,4%) y los ginecológicos (9,6%). Aunque el valor de P% ha aumentado desde 1913 (APC = 1,2%), el valor de M% aumentó más rápidamente (APC = 2,7%). CONCLUSIONES: Aunque se observó un incremento en el número de publicaciones sobre cáncer en estas revistas, este no se correspondió con el aumento en la mortalidad proporcional por esta causa. Es imprescindible comprender mejor lo relacionado con la publicación científica sobre cáncer en Puerto Rico para establecer prioridades, definir áreas futuras de investigación y desarrollar estrategias para el control del cáncer.