Resumo Introdução As fraturas de fêmur são uma das causas principais de morbidade e mortalidade, principalmente entre as pessoas idosas. Objetivo Examinar o efeito da sazonalidade nas hospitalizações devido à fratura do fêmur entre residentes do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sul do Brasil, de 2008 a 2019. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo ecológico baseado em dados secundários do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do SUS (SIH/SUS). Um total de 74.374 relatórios de internações hospitalares foi considerado. O modelo aditivo generalizado (GAM) foi usado para avaliar a sazonalidade da série temporal, com estratificação por sexo e grupos etários e considerando a média mensal de eventos de fraturas do fêmur por dia como uma variável dependente. Resultados Descreveu-se uma incidência consideravelmente maior de fraturas do fêmur em mulheres com 70 anos de idade ou mais. Entre as pessoas com menos de 50 anos de idade, não há um efeito sazonal aparente. Homens com idade de 70 anos ou mais e mulheres com 50 anos ou mais têm maior frequência de hospitalizações devido a fraturas do fêmur nos meses mais frios. Conclusão Entre as pessoas mais idosas, as fraturas do fêmur ocorreram mais frequentemente durante o inverno em comparação ao verão. Isto reafirma os resultados de outros estudos, embora as razões para esta variação sazonal sejam incertas. O conhecimento destas variações sazonais pode ajudar no planejamento da assistência médica no sistema público de saúde.

Abstract Introduction Femoral fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, mainly among older people. Objective To examine the effect of seasonality on hospitalizations due to femur fracture among people residing in the Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil, from 2008 to 2019. Methods Ecological study based on secondary data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS). A total of 74,374 reports of hospital admissions was considered. The generalized additive model (GAM) approach was employed to assess the seasonality of the time series, with stratification by sex and age groups and considering the monthly average number of events of femoral fractures per day as a dependent variable. Results A considerably higher incidence of femoral fractures in women aged 70 years or more was described. Among people aged less than 50 years, there is not an apparent seasonal effect. Men aged 70 years or older and women aged 50 years or older have a higher frequency of hospitalizations due to femur fractures in the colder months. Conclusion Among older people, more femoral fractures occurred during the winter compared to summer. This supports findings from other studies, although reasons for this seasonal variation are uncertain. The knowledge of these seasonal variations can help to plan the health care in the public health system.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of seasonality on femoral fracture incidence among people residing in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Ecological study based on a consecutive series of 216,348 reports of hospital admissions caused by femoral fractures. A Bayesian statistical model was used for time series analysis, considering the monthly average number of events of femoral fractures per day as a dependent variable. RESULTS Among the female population, significant seasonal effects were observed only for older women, aged 60 years or more. Among younger men (aged less than 20 years) there is not a clear seasonal effect, but among the other age groups there seems to exist a higher number of cases of femoral fractures during the coldest months of the year. CONCLUSIONS In general, more cases of fractures occur during the coldest months of the year; however, men and women have different patterns of incidence according to each age group.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of seasonality on femoral fracture incidence among people residing in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Ecological study based on a consecutive series of 216,348 reports of hospital admissions caused by femoral fractures. A Bayesian statistical model was used for time series analysis, considering the monthly average number of events of femoral fractures per day as a dependent variable. RESULTS Among the female population, significant seasonal effects were observed only for older women, aged 60 years or more. Among younger men (aged less than 20 years) there is not a clear seasonal effect, but among the other age groups there seems to exist a higher number of cases of femoral fractures during the coldest months of the year. CONCLUSIONS In general, more cases of fractures occur during the coldest months of the year; however, men and women have different patterns of incidence according to each age group.