Resumen Este artículo se enfoca en las actividades periodísticas en el contexto de la primera ola de Covid-19, en 2020, cuando se identificó una alta presencia de la posverdad y las fake news en la producción de noticias, lo que se justifica al abordar estos dos objetos conceptuales. El objetivo fue comprender cómo los problemas en el proceso productivo, como la precariedad laboral durante la pandemia, permitieron vacíos de información, que fueron llenados por la desinformación y la infodemia. Para ello se utilizó un método cuantitativo, con la aplicación de una encuesta en línea a 365 participantes de Iberoamérica durante el 2020, sobre procesos de producción, rutinas de trabajo e información generada durante la cuarentena de los periodistas, y el consumo de información durante el confinamiento de periodistas y receptores de noticias en línea. Como resultado, la mayoría de los periodistas cambió su rutina de trabajo, como la verificación de datos digitales y la preferencia por fuentes científicas. Cerca de la mitad de los receptores de noticias valoran positivamente el trabajo de prensa, a pesar de que el consumo de noticias ha generado perspectivas negativas. Como conclusiones, es necesario revisar ciertas prácticas productivas en el ámbito periodístico, durante situaciones excepcionales como la pandemia.

Abstract This article focuses on journalistic activities in the context of the first wave of Covid-19, in 2020, when a high presence of post-truth and fake news was identified in news production, which is justified in addressing these two conceptual objects. The objective was to understand how problems in the production process, such as job insecurity during the pandemic, allowed information gaps, which were filled by misinformation and infodemics. For this, a quantitative method was used, with the application of an online survey to 365 participants from Ibero-America during 2020, on production processes, work routines, and information generated during the quarantine of journalists, and consumption of information during confinement to journalists and online news receivers. As a result, most journalists have changed their work routine, such as digital data checking and preference for scientific sources. About half of news receivers valued press work positively, even though news consumption has generated negative prospects. As conclusions, there is a need to review certain productive practices in the journalistic field, during exceptional situations such as the pandemic.

Concomitant development of symptomatic amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis and multiple myeloma (MM) is rare and has a poor survival rate. Introduction of thalidomide and bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, has improved the survival of patients with MM; however, it has not cured the disease. Nevertheless, monoclonal antibodies may treat the disease using an immunotherapeutic approach. This report describes the case of a 39-year-old man with MM IgG lambda, heavily treated with multiple QT cycles and two hematopoietic stem cell transplants, who developed light chain amyloidosis. After an interdisciplinary discussion, daratumumab was initiated. Approximately 24 months later, he presents complete remission of the disease, normal renal function and no associated symptoms.

Introduction: Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is a pattern of glomerular injury on renal biopsy with characteristic light microscopic changes, namely mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary proliferation and double contour formation along the glomerular capillary walls. This pattern does not represent a disease per se but can occur as a result of different pathologic processes. Case Presentation: We present a case of a 37-year-old caucasian female patient with thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), severe hypertension and immune-complex-mediated glomerulonephritis, secondary to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Steroid therapy and fresh-frozen plasma infusions were started, with progressive improvement of lab results. Treatment of HCV infection was started with direct-acting antiviral therapy. The results of the genetic study of the complement alternative pathway regulatory proteins were positive for a homozygote variant of the gene CFHR5 (p.Val110Ala) and a homozygote deletion on CFHR3/CFHR1 proteins. Discussion: Hypertension is commonly associated with TMA and could explain the features of this case. Nevertheless, the differential diagnosis is often difficult because TMA caused by hypertension is indistinguishable from all other entities. The finding of a homozygote variant of the gene CFHR5, and a homozygote deletion on CFHR3/CFHR1 proteins, raised the possibility that this case might have been an Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS) triggered by the endothelial damage caused by the HCV-related cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis

Por não se tratar de um assunto encerrado, onde a força das ideologias e dos reusos poderá alterar profundamente, ou até inverter, os modos da sua evocação, o passado colonial pode revelar-se problemático (Vecchi, 2018a). É o caso do colonialismo português que, de forma recorrente é invocado para sublinhar ressentimentos: quer do país que foi colonizado, quer do país colonizador (Ferro, 2009). Moçambique, logo que eclodiu em Portugal a Revolução do 25 de Abril de 1974, promoveu o apagamento dos símbolos do colonialismo. A previsível atitude, tendente a mostrar que a colonização tinha acabado veio, depois, a ser corrigida pelos futuros Governos, com as estátuas coloniais (pelo menos as que restaram), a serem deslocalizadas, onde passaram a poder ser observadas e contextualizadas. Tratou-se de uma ação com vista à preservação da memória, que pode permitir o desenvolvimento de dinâmicas interculturais, esbatendo o referido ressentimento: promovendo a problematização para perceber determinadas lógicas e, ao mesmo tempo, preencher vazios na memória esquecida e na identidade dos moçambicanos (Khan, Falconi & Krakowska, 2016). Este artigo referencia os casos relativos à nova vida de duas estátuas coloniais em Maputo - a de Mouzinho de Albuquerque e a de Salazar -, em tempo pós-colonial, e à permanência, até hoje, daquele que foi o primeiro vestígio monumental do Estado Novo (o Monumento aos Mortos da Primeira Guerra Mundial), observando a importância que tem a preservação da memória na vida de um país, ou de uma nação, mesmo estando associada ao antigo colonizador. Esta espécie de descolonização mental (Mbembe, 2017; Thiong'o, 1986), passa pela problematização da forma como o passado colonial pesa nas relações interculturais nos dias de hoje em Moçambique, quando o país se relaciona com o antigo colonizador, permitindo que os seus habitantes olhem para o passado como forma de construir dinâmicas de futuro.

Since this is a matter that is not yet resolved, where the strength of ideologies and reuses may change deeply or even reverse the ways it is evoked, the colonial past may become a problem (Vecchi, 2018a). This is the case of Portuguese colonialism which is frequently invoked to stress resentments: whether from the country that was colonised or the colonising country (Ferro, 2009). As soon as the Portuguese Revolution of 25 April 1974 took place, Mozambique promoted the elimination of colonialism symbols. This predictable attitude, aiming to show that the colonisation had ended, was later amended by the future Governments, with the colonial statues (at least, the ones that remained) being relocated to a place where they may be observed and contextualised. This action aimed to preserve the memory, which may enable the development of intercultural dynamics, softening the mentioned resentment: promoting questioning, in order to understand certain logics and, at the same time, filling gaps in the forgotten memory and in the Mozambican identity (Khan, Falconi & Krakowska, 2016). This paper refers to the cases related to the new life of two colonial statues in Maputo - Mouzinho de Albuquerque and Salazar -, during the post-colonial period and the permanence, until today, of the first monumental trace of Estado Novo [Second Republic] (Monumento aos Mortos da Primeira Guerra Mundial [World War I monument]), showing the importance that the preservation of memory has in a country or a nation's life, even when it is associated with the former coloniser. This sort of mental decolonisation (Mbembe, 2017; Thiong'o, 1986), aims the questioning of the way the colonial past weighs on the current intercultural relations, in Mozambique, when the country establishes a relation with the former coloniser, allowing its inhabitants to look at the past as a way to build future dynamics.

Introduction: Alport syndrome is a glomerular genetic disease progressing to chronic renal failure associated with deafness and ocular changes. Clinical presentation is usually in the first decade of life with microscopic haematuria and/or persistent proteinuria without hypertension or renal dysfunction. Case Report: Male, 4.5 years old, with an acute nephritic syndrome characterized by macroscopic haematuria, oedema, non-oliguric acute renal failure (maximal urea and creatinine of 25mmol/L and 150μmol/L, respectively), anaemia and proteinuria. Blood pressure normal. Normal immunoglobulins and complement fractions; anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, anti-nuclear antibody and anti-basal membrane antibody negative. History of recurrent episodes of macroscopic haematuria since the age of eighteen months associated with respiratory infections. No family history of renal disease or deafness. Renal biopsy showed proliferative glomerulonephritis with extracapillary crescentic activity, complete fragmentation of glomerular basement membranes and negative immunofluorescence. Pulse methylprednisolone was given followed by oral prednisolone and cyclophosphamide. Renal function recovered, microscopic haematuria persisted. At age 5, there was reappearance of proteinuria, worsening progressively and two years later he started treatment with enalapril. At age 11, a second renal biopsy revealed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, small foci of glomerular sclerosis and few deposits of IgM on immunofluorescence. He started oral corticosteroids with partial response. Nine months later, bilateral sensorineural deafness was detected. At age 16, he maintains normal renal function, microscopic haematuria with manifest proteinuria. A mutation in homozygosity in the COL4A3 gene, compatible with autosomal recessive Alport syndrome, was identified. Conclusions: This case draws attention to an uncommon early course and clinical/pathological findings of a patient later diagnosed with Alport syndrome, with an initial good response to corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. The case also illustrates the importance of kidney biopsy, including electron microscopy, in the diagnostic, classification and therapy in kidney diseases with unusual clinical course

A luz, associada à ideia de verdade, realça o real que vive dela e a reflete em tons diferenciados. Platão (”Alegoria da Caverna”) observava que a caverna correspondia ao mundo do visível e o sol ao fogo cuja luz se projetava dentro dela. Para Nietzsche ‘verdade' era um ponto de vista, sendo que Umberto Eco prefere as mentiras (Eco, 2015). José Saramago (Ensaio sobre a cegueira) utiliza inúmeras metáforas para explicar como é que as pessoas vão cegando no mundo contemporâneo. Existem, por conseguinte, várias realidades, todas elas socialmente construídas (Berger & Luckmann, 1999). A anterior visão do mundo, demasiado primária, quando não excluía Deus, interpretava as noções de “Céu” e “Inferno” como consequências das próprias ações humanas (Mattoso, 2012). O certo é que, apesar da anunciada morte de Deus, ainda hoje a incerteza e o vazio reativam antigas e novas espiritualidades (Lipovetsky, 2007). O que significa então, hoje, a verdade? Será que a luz ilumina a realidade? A luminosidade em excesso não pode provocar cegueira? Há um mundo paralelo criado pela dissimulação da luz? O dos média, por exemplo, que deixam fora do agenda setting e do framing, a maior parte da realidade? São estas reflexões que tentarei desenvolver neste artigo.

The light associated with the idea of truth, enhances the actual living of it and reflects it in different tones. Platão (”Alegoria da Caverna” [Cave Allegory]) observed that the cave corresponded to the visible world and the sun to the fire whose light projected into it. For Nietzsche 'truth' was a point of view; Umberto Eco prefers the lies (Eco, 2015). José Saramago (Ensaio sobre a cegueira [Blindness]) uses many metaphors to explain how people are becoming more and more blind in the contemporary world. There are therefore various realities, all of them socially constructed (Berger & Luckmann, 1999). The previous world's view, too primary, if it didn't exclude God, interpreted the notions of "Heaven" and "Hell" as consequences of human actions themselves (Mattoso, 2012). The truth is that despite the announced death of God, uncertainty and emptiness still reactivate old and new spiritualities (Lipovetsky, 2007). What then means the truth today? Does the light illuminate reality? Can the excess of light cause blindness? Is there a parallel world created by concealment of light? Does the media world with its agenda setting and framing, exclude most of reality? These are reflections that will be dealt with in this article.

RESUMO Carcinoma urotelial invasor da bexiga, variante plasmocitoide, é uma entidade rara, com poucos casos descritos na literatura. Relatamos o caso de um homem, 79 anos, submetido à resseção transvesical de tumor da bexiga, cuja histologia revelou carcinoma urotelial de alto grau pT1. Posteriormente, foi submetido à cistoprostatectomia radical, que mostrou carcinoma urotelial invasor, descoeso, de tipo plasmacitoide, positivo para citoqueratina 7 (CK7), citoqueratina 20 (CK20) e fator de transcrição de ação"trans" específico de células T (GATA-3) e negativo para E-caderina e CD138. É importante reconhecer a variante plasmocitoide do carcinoma urotelial invasor, uma vez que se evita potencial diagnóstico errado de doença metastática.

ABSTRACT Invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma, plasmacytoid variant is a rare entity with scarce cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 79 years old male, subjected to transurethral resection of bladder tumor, which histological examination revealed a pT1 high-grade urothelial carcinoma. Subsequently, he underwent radical cystoprostatectomy, which showed urothelial carcinoma with lack of cohesion, plasmacytoid variant, positive for citokeratin 7 (CK7), citokeratin 20 (CK20) and trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor (GATA-3), and negative for E-cadherin and CD138. It is important to recognize the plasmacytoid variant of the invasive urothelial carcinoma, since it avoids a potential misdiagnosis of metastatic cancer.

INTRODUÇÃO: A traqueotomia é um dos procedimentos cirúrgicos mais frequentes em doentes críticos internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. O seu timing ideal é ainda, apesar de décadas de experiência, uma questão controversa. OBJETIVOS: Determinar o impacto da realização de traqueotomias precoces em doentes críticos na duração da ventilação mecânica, do internamento na unidade de terapia intensiva, do internamento hospitalar, e mortalidade e morbidade. MÉTODO: Estudo observacional retrospectivo dos casos submetidos à traqueotomia eletiva em uma das unidades de terapia intensiva do nosso hospital durante 5 anos consecutivos. Os doentes foram divididos em dois grupos, tendo sido submetidos a traqueotomias precoces (até o 7º dia de ventilação mecânica, inclusive) ou tardias (após o 7º dia de ventilação mecânica), e os resultados foram comparados. RESULTADOS: Nos doentes submetidos a uma traqueotomia precoce verificou-se uma redução estatisticamente significativa na duração da ventilação mecânica (6 dias vs. 19 dias; p < 0,001), na duração do internamento na unidade de terapia intensiva (10 dias vs. 28 dias; p = 0,001) e na incidência de pneumonia associada ao ventilador (1 caso vs. 44 casos; p = 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A traqueotomia precoce tem um impacto positivo estatisticamente significativo nos doentes críticos. Os resultados suportam a tendência de equilibrar o risco-benefício em favor da traqueotomia precoce.

INTRODUCTION: Tracheotomy is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed in critically ill patients hospitalized at intensive care units. The ideal timing for a tracheotomy is still controversial, despite decades of experience. OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of performing early tracheotomies in critically ill patients on duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit stay, overall hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality. METHODS: Retrospective and observational study of cases subjected to elective tracheotomy at one of the intensive care units of this hospital during five consecutive years. The patients were stratified into two groups: early tracheotomy group (tracheotomy performed from day one up to and including day seven of mechanical ventilation) and late tracheotomy group (tracheotomy performed after day seven). The outcomes of the groups were compared. RESULTS: In the early tracheotomy group, there was a statistically significant reduction in duration of mechanical ventilation (6 days vs. 19 days; p < 0.001), duration of intensive care unit stay (10 days vs. 28 days; p = 0.001), and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (1 case vs. 44 cases; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Early tracheotomy has a significant positive impact on critically ill patients hospitalized at this intensive care unit. These results support the tendency to balance the risk-benefit analysis in favor of early tracheotomy.

A história de um casal de emigrantes portugueses em França bateu, no verão de 2013, recordes de audiência nas salas de cinema. O filme “A Gaiola Dourada”, de Ruben Alves, recuperou a temática da emigração portuguesa, numa altura em que esta atingiu o boom registado nos anos 1960. Recorrendo ao seu percurso, o realizador refere-se à ‘portugalidade’ como alegada ‘pertença a Portugal’, que assume como um cliché, e utiliza de forma humorística vários estereótipos associados aos emigrantes portugueses, através dos quais é mostrada alguma vergonha que os filhos dos emigrantes sentem em relação ao comportamento dos pais, trazendo ao de cima os contrastes com a sociedade onde vivem. A grande ficção reside no regresso ao país de origem, concretizando o sonho da grande maioria dos emigrantes, mas subvertendo a lógica: no filme, não são os pais que voltam a Portugal, mas os filhos, que aparentemente pouco se identificam com o país dos progenitores. “A Gaiola Dourada” reintroduziu o debate sobre a emigração em Portugal, aproveitando a crise económica para refletir sobre o seu regresso em força, bem como traçar o perfil dos novos emigrantes. Será que os portugueses na ‘diáspora’ ainda reavivam a chama ‘lusitana’ (Gonçalves, 2009)? E será que a partilha do nome ‘Portugal’ basta para sublinhar uma alegada identidade nacional (Sobral, 2012)?

The story of a couple of Portuguese migrants in France hit in the summer of 2013, the record ratings in theaters. The film "The Golden Cage" by Ruben Alves, recovered the theme of Portuguese emigration, at a time when this reached the boom recorded in the 1960s. Filmmaker refers to ‘portugalidade’ as an alleged 'belonging to Portugal', using his own route, which named as a cliché, and uses multiple stereotypes in a humorous way by which some shame that the children of immigrants feel toward their parents , as well as contrasts with the society they live in is shown. The great fiction in the film is the anticipation of the return to the country of origin, fulfilling the dream of subverting the logic: in the film, there are not the parents that returns back, but the children, who apparently aren’t identified with the country of progenitors. The film sparked the debate about emigration, taking advantage of the economic crisis to reflect on his return in force as well as the profiles of new migrants. Did the Portuguese in the ‘diaspora’ still rekindle the 'Lusitanian' flame (Gonçalves, 2009)? And is the sharing of the name ‘Portugal’ enough just to highlight an alleged national identity (Sobral, 2012)?