SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 on automatic mechanical ventilation have greater heart rate modulation with greater parasympathetic modulation. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the autonomic modulation of heart rate in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 on invasive mechanical ventilation. METHODS: A cross-section study was carried out with 36 individuals divided into two groups. The control group included patients of both genders, in orotracheal intubation with invasive mechanical ventilation under controlled assisted mode, hospitalized in the intensive care unit for another 24 h. In the non-COVID group, patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 in the same condition mentioned in the control group. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in heart rate variability (standard deviation of all normal RR intervals recorded at an interval of time; p=0.001; triangular interpolation histogram of RR intervals; p=0.048; and SD2; p=0.014) in the coronavirus disease group compared to the non-COVID group. Successively, the parameters that demonstrate parasympathetic modulation are shown to be higher in the group of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (root mean square of the square of differences between adjacent normal RR intervals in an interval of time; p<0.001; pNN50; p<0.001; SD1; p=0.002; and high frequency; p=0.022). CONCLUSIONS: There was a greater autonomic modulation of heart rate with a greater parasympathetic modulation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 on mechanical ventilation. BACKGROUND 201 OBJECTIVE METHODS crosssection cross section 3 groups genders mode 2 h nonCOVID non COVID RESULTS standard time p=0.001 p0001 p 0 001 p=0.048 p0048 048 SD2 SD p=0.014 p0014 014 Successively root p<0.001 pNN50 pNN SD1 p=0.002 p0002 002 frequency p=0.022. p0022 p=0.022 . 022 p=0.022) CONCLUSIONS 20 p=0.00 p000 00 p=0.04 p004 04 p=0.01 p001 01 p<0.00 pNN5 p002 p=0.02 02 p=0.0 p00 p<0.0 p=0. p0 p<0. p=0 p<0 p= p<

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare heart rate variability indices in early and late postmenopausal women and assess their correlation and prognostic value to predict late postmenopausal. METHODS: An observational and retrospective study was performed with the medical records of patients from Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo between 2018 and 2019. We selected medical records of women with menopause, over 40 years old, which were divided into two groups, according to postmenopausal time, i.e., early and late postmenopausal. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 123 women (55 in the early and 68 in the late postmenopausal group). RRtri (triangular index) was lower in the late postmenopausal group (8.68 vs. 7.15, p=0.040). There was a significant weak negative correlation in SDNN, RRtri, and SD2 and postmenopausal time. RRtri presented the potential to predict late postmenopausal. CONCLUSION: The increase in postmenopausal time decreases global heart rate variability indices. The geometric index RRtri was significantly lower in late postmenopausal women and presented the potential to predict late postmenopausal.

Abstract Purpose To assess the knowledge of students from public high schools in poor communities about HPV and Sexually Transmitted Infections and their attitude towards and prevention of such diseases. Patients and methods Cross-sectional study with adolescents from public schools of São Paulo - Brazil. Participants were selected for an interview by a randomization program. A questionnaire about knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices regarding STIs, including HPV, according to sex was administered and answers were analyzed by the Poisson regression model with robust variance. Results Median age of the 269 participants was 16 years. The majority was of African descent (68.8%, n = 185), most (74%, n = 199) were religious and the vast majority (90.7%, n = 244) lived with their parents. The Poisson regression revealed statistically significant sex-related differences regarding the following questions: “Do you know how it is prevented?” (PR = 1.12 [1.03‒1.23], p = 0.007); “Have you ever been concerned with HPV?” (PR = 1.10 [1.02‒1.19], p = 0.011); “Have you ever sought health care due to concerns about HPV?” (PR = 1.09 [1.04‒1.14], p < 0.001); “Do you know what a Pap Smear is?” (PR = 1.24 [1.13‒1.36], p < 0.001); “Do you know what the cervix is?” (PR = 1.23 [1.13‒1.34], p < 0.001); “Do you know what cervical cancer is?” (PR = 1.13 [1.04‒1.22], p = 0.004). Conclusions The present results show that adolescents from public schools in poor communities in São Paulo City know little about HPV and cervical cancer. Male adolescents know less than female adolescents and are less concerned with health care. diseases Crosssectional Cross sectional Brazil program attitudes STIs variance 26 1 years 68.8%, 688 68 8 (68.8% 185, 185 , 185) 74%, 74 (74% 199 90.7%, 907 90 7 (90.7% 244 parents sexrelated related questions Do prevented prevented? PR 112 12 1.1 1.03‒1.23, 103123 1.03‒1.23 03 23 [1.03‒1.23] 0.007 0007 0 007 0.007) Have HPV? 110 10 1.02‒1.19, 102119 1.02‒1.19 02 19 [1.02‒1.19] 0.011 0011 011 0.011) 109 09 1.0 1.04‒1.14, 104114 1.04‒1.14 04 14 [1.04‒1.14] 0.001 0001 001 0.001) is? 124 24 1.2 1.13‒1.36, 113136 1.13‒1.36 13 36 [1.13‒1.36] 123 1.13‒1.34, 113134 1.13‒1.34 34 [1.13‒1.34] 113 1.04‒1.22, 104122 1.04‒1.22 22 [1.04‒1.22] 0.004. 0004 0.004 . 004 0.004) 2 68.8% 6 (68.8 18 74% (74 90.7% 9 (90.7 11 1. 10312 1.03‒1.2 [1.03‒1.23 0.00 000 00 10211 1.02‒1.1 [1.02‒1.19 0.01 01 10411 1.04‒1.1 [1.04‒1.14 11313 1.13‒1.3 3 [1.13‒1.36 [1.13‒1.34 10412 1.04‒1.2 [1.04‒1.22 68.8 (68. (7 90.7 (90. 1031 1.03‒1. [1.03‒1.2 0.0 1021 1.02‒1. [1.02‒1.1 1041 1.04‒1. [1.04‒1.1 1131 1.13‒1. [1.13‒1.3 [1.04‒1.2 68. (68 ( 90. (90 103 1.03‒1 [1.03‒1. 0. 102 1.02‒1 [1.02‒1. 104 1.04‒1 [1.04‒1. 1.13‒1 [1.13‒1. (6 (9 1.03‒ [1.03‒1 1.02‒ [1.02‒1 1.04‒ [1.04‒1 1.13‒ [1.13‒1 1.03 [1.03‒ 1.02 [1.02‒ 1.04 [1.04‒ [1.13‒ [1.03 [1.02 [1.04 [1.13 [1.0 [1.1 [1. [1 [

Abstract Background: Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a very prevalent sexual problem, with limited options for treatment. Given that psychological factors are major contributors to the disorder, a therapy such as Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) may be useful to treat HSDD. Objective: To evaluate the effects of group CBT on women with HSDD. Method: Clinical trial randomized study with 106 women diagnosed with HSDD, who were divided as follows: Group 1 (n = 53) underwent group CBT for 8-weeks, and Group 2 (n = 53), were put on a waiting list and used as a control group. Sexual function was assessed by the Female Sexual Quotient (FSQQ) at the initial interview and after 6-months. Mann Whitney test was used for group comparison. Main Outcome Measures: demographics, education, sexual history, FSQQ and its domains for sexual function assessment. Results: Both groups had similar characteristics regarding sexual response, self-image, and relationship with a partner at the initial interview. Women undergoing therapy showed significant improvement in sexual function when compared with the control group. The overall FSQQ result showed an average growth of 18.08 points (95% CI 12.87‒23.28) for the therapy group against a decrease of 0.83 points (95% CI 3.43‒1.77) for controls (p < 0.001). The five domains of the questionnaire also exhibited significant improvement in the therapy group: desire and interest (p = 0.003), foreplay (p = 0.003), excitation and tuning (p < 0.001), comfort (p < 0.001), and orgasm and satisfaction (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Group CBT was shown to be an effective tool for treating HSDD.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess cardiac autonomic modulation in postmenopausal women with and without dry eye syndrome (DES) and to identify associations between clinical and socioeconomic factors. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Institute of Ocular Surgery of the Northeast (ICONE), Brazil. Convenience sample of postmenopausal women, over 40 years old, who were divided into two groups: with and without DES. Clinical, sociodemographic, and ophthalmological characteristics of these women were assessed. Capture of RR intervals was performed using a cardio frequency meter. Differences between the groups were analyzed using the Chi-square test, the Student’s t test, and the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS Women with DES were present in 60.4% (n=58), highest median age (63.5 years, 95%CI 62.0–67.9; p<0.001), median length of time menopause (19 years old, 95%CI 10.4–24.0; p<0.001). There was a difference in the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal index between the groups. However, when the differences were adjusted to the clinical model, no association was found between DES and heart rate variability (HRV). CONCLUSIONS The analysis of cardiac autonomic modulation in postmenopausal women is similar in the presence or absence of DES. Clinical factors, time of menopause, and intensity of symptoms were not associated with HRV indices.

Abstract Swyer syndrome is one of the disorders of sexual differentiation. Previous studies have demonstrated increased sympathetic activity with heart rate variability (HRV) analysis with decreasing estradiol levels. One patient presented a pure 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis with female phenotype. Cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed through HRV analysis while at rest. This research analyzed linear and nonlinear indexes. HRV analysis showed reduced parasympathetic and global modulation with an apparent increase in sympathetic tone and a loss of HR fractal dynamics toward correlated behavior, characterized by low entropy and high determinism of time series.

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os desfechos pós-operatórios da artrodese lombar intersomática transforaminal com autoenxerto ósseo ilíaco estruturado e dispositivo em poliéter-éter-cetonico-polímero (PEEK). Métodos: Foram revistos 93 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à fusão intersomática transforaminal entre janeiro de 2012 e julho de 2017 com pelo menos um ano de acompanhamento pós-operatório, com prontuário completo, contendo ficha clínica e exames radiológicos. Resultados: Dos prontuários avaliados, 48 pacientes foram submetidos ao procedimento com autoenxerto ilíaco estruturado (Grupo 1) e 45 com dispositivo em PEEK (Grupo 2). Houve melhora da capacidade funcional em ambos os grupos (p < 0,001), no entanto não houve diferença ao compará-los (p = 0,591). Conclusão: Os resultados clínicos e radiológicos pós-operatórios da artrodese lombar na técnica Fusão Intersomática Lombar Transforaminal (TLIF) utilizando autoenxerto ósseo ilíaco estruturado, em comparação com o uso de dispositivo em PEEK, foram semelhantes. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo retrospectivo.

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the postoperative outcomes of transforaminal intersomatic lumbar arthrodesis with structured iliac bone autograft and PEEK device. Methods: The total of 93 medical records of patients undergoing transforaminal intersomatic fusion between January 2012 and July 2017 with at least 1 year of postoperative follow-up, with complete medical record, containing clinical file and radiological exams, were reviewed. Results: From the medical records evaluated, 48 patients underwent the procedure with structured iliac autograft (group 1) and 45 with PEEK device (group 2). There was an improvement in functional capacity in both groups (p < 0.001), however there was no difference when comparing them (p = 0.591). Conclusion: The postoperative clinical and radiological results of lumbar arthrodesis with TLIF technique, using a structured iliac bone autograft compared to a PEEK device, were similar. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective study.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar o nível de conhecimento e aceitabilidade da vacina contra o HPV entre adolescentes vacinados e não vacinados na Amazônia Ocidental. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos. O instrumento usado para coletar dados contém informações demográficas e socioeconômicas e 27 perguntas que avaliam o conhecimento e a aceitabilidade da vacina contra o HPV. Para comparar a prevalência de adolescentes vacinados com as respostas corretas para perguntas sobre conhecimento, aceitabilidade e vacinação contra o HPV, o modelo de regressão de Poisson de variância robusta foi utilizado no software Stata 13.0. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 190 adolescentes, 60,5% (n=115) na faixa etária de vacinação recomendada pelo governo brasileiro; dentre eles, 53,9% (n=62) relataram não ter sido vacinados (p<0,001). A proporção de resultados corretos entre os adolescentes foi de 78,9% (n=150), que reconheceram o HPV como vírus; 63,7% (n=121) relataram o HPV como causa de câncer do colo do útero. Os participantes que sabem que o HPV é um fator causal no câncer do colo do útero têm 1,94 (IC 1,18-3,18; p=0,009) vez mais chances de terem sido vacinados do que aqueles que não sabem. Entre os entrevistados, as principais fontes de conhecimento sobre a vacina foram escolas (51,6%) e profissionais de saúde (22,6%). CONCLUSÃO Adolescentes não vacinados apresentam lacunas de conhecimento sobre o HPV e sua vacina quando comparados aos vacinados. Nossos resultados enfatizam a necessidade de campanhas eficazes para fornecer informações adequadas sobre o HPV e sua vacina a adolescentes, pais e profissionais de saúde.

SUMMARY PURPOSE To analyze the level of knowledge about and the acceptability of the HPV vaccine among vaccinated and unvaccinated adolescents in the Western Amazon. METHODS A cross-sectional study on adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. The instrument used to collect data contains demographic and socioeconomic information and 27 questions that assess the knowledge and acceptability of the HPV vaccine. To compare the prevalence of vaccinated adolescents with the correct answers to questions about HPV and acceptability and vaccination, the robust variance Poisson regression model was used in the Stata 13.0 software. FINDINGS A total of 190 adolescents participated in the study, 60.5% in the age group of vaccination recommended by the Brazilian government, among them, 53.9% reported not having been vaccinated (p <0.001). A total of 150 (78.9%) adolescents correctly recognized HPV as a virus; 121 (63.7%) recognized HPV as a cause of cervical cancer. Participants who know HPV is a causative factor for cervical cancer are 1.94 times more likely to have been vaccinated than those who do not. Among the interviewees, the main sources of knowledge about the vaccine were schools (51.6%) and health professionals (22.6%). CONCLUSION Unvaccinated adolescents have knowledge gaps about HPV and its vaccine when compared to those vaccinated. Our results emphasize the need for effective campaigns to deliver adequate information about HPV and its vaccine to adolescents, their parents, and health professionals.