Abstract This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of quercetin on the cellular components of the Enteric Nervous System in the ileum of rats with arthritis. Rats were distributed into five groups: control (C), arthritic (AIA), arthritic treated with ibuprofen (AI), arthritic treated with quercetin (AQ) and arthritic treated with both ibuprofen and quercetin (AIQ). The ileum was processed for immunohistochemical techniques for HuC/D, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Measurements in histological sections, chemiluminescence assays, and total antioxidant capacity were also performed. Rheumatoid arthritis resulted in a decrease in neuronal density, yet neuroplasticity mechanisms were evident through observed changes in varicosities size and neuronal area compared to the control group. Reduced paw edema and neuroprotective effects were predominantly noted in both plexuses, as evidenced by the increased density preservation of HuC/D-IR neurons in the AIQ group. The increase of lipoperoxidation levels and paw edema volume in the AQ group was observed compared to the arthritic, whereas the AIQ group mainly showed similar results to those observed in the control. The enteropathy associated with arthritis proved to be significant in the field of gastroenterology, and the combination of quercetin and ibuprofen demonstrated promising anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. antiinflammatory anti inflammatory groups C, C , (C) AIA, AIA (AIA) AI, AI (AI) (AQ AIQ. . (AIQ) HuCD HuC D HuC/D generelated gene related peptide polypeptide sections assays performed plexuses HuC/DIR HuCDIR IR gastroenterology (C (AIA (AI (AIQ DIR

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different die materials used in the indirect resin composite restorative technique on the fracture resistance and failure mode of restored molars and compare it with the direct resin composite restorative technique. Two flexible die silicone materials for dental models (Die Silicone – Voco and Scan die – Yller) and a type IV dental stone material (Fujirock EP – GC) were evaluated. Sixty third molars were selected and divided into four groups: indirect resin composite restoration – Die silicone (IRCR-DS); indirect resin composite restoration – Scan die (IRCR-SD); indirect resin composite restoration – Fujirock EP (IRCR-FR), and direct resin composite restoration (DRCR). Class II MOD cavities were prepared with 5 mm of buccolingual width and depth. The specimens were restored and subjected to an axial compression load until fracture, and the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (α=.05). The fracture mode was classified into restorable and unrestorable fractures. Fracture resistance values were influenced by the die material used for the IRCR fabrication and by the restorative technique (p<.001). Fracture resistance mean values and standard deviation were: IRCR-DS: 1835.5 ± 324.0 A; IRCR-SD: 1732.5 ± 384.1 AB; IRCR-FR: 1419.3 ± 318.8 BC; and DRCR: 1100.6 ± 224.9 C. Restorable fracture was more prevalent. IRCR with flexible die casts promoted higher fracture resistance and lower prevalence of unrestorable fractures. Yller GC evaluated groups IRCRDS DS (IRCR-DS) IRCRSD SD (IRCR-SD) IRCRFR, IRCRFR FR , (IRCR-FR) DRCR. DRCR . (DRCR) depth oneway one way Tukeys Tukey s α=.05. α05 α α=.05 05 (α=.05) fractures p<.001. p001 p p<.001 001 (p<.001) IRCR-DS 18355 1835 1835. 3240 324 0 324. A IRCR-SD 17325 1732 1732. 3841 384 1 384. AB IRCR-FR 14193 1419 3 1419. 3188 318 8 318. BC 11006 1100 6 1100. 2249 224 9 224. C prevalent (IRCR-DS (IRCR-SD (IRCR-FR (DRCR α0 α=.0 (α=.05 p00 p<.00 00 (p<.001 183 32 173 38 141 31 110 22 α=. (α=.0 p0 p<.0 (p<.00 18 17 14 11 2 α= (α=. p<. (p<.0 (α= p< (p<. (α (p< (p

Alkali-activated binders (AAB) are inorganic materials produced by a mixture between a solid precursor and an alkaline activator, wherein, the reaction results in a material with properties similar to Portland cement hydration. The advantages of AAB over Portland cement are the possibility of using alternative materials, demanding low energy and low CO2 emission. The primary objective of this study was to produce an alkali-activated binder (AAB) using calcined wood waste ash (CWWA) as a solid precursor due to its beneficial properties. CWWA was obtained by burning wood wastes in a furnace, then calcined in a laboratory oven at 600 °C to remove unburned particles. Afterward, the ash was milled and then physiochemically characterized by chemical composition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size distribution, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The milled CWWA was employed in AAB mortars and pastes activated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to assess the influence of alkaline activator concentration. In this work, the Na+ concentrations varied in the 6.5-12.5 mol.kg-1 range. Mortars were assessed by compressive strength, whereas pastes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) for samples cured after 7 days at 60 °C. Results showed that the CWWA is mainly composed of SiO2 (67.9 wt%) and the presence of an amorphous phase and quartz as the main crystalline phase (XRD). The compressive strength of mortars showed that the CWWA activated with a Na+ concentration of 6.5 ml.kg-1 achieved the highest compressive strength (23.2 ± 1 MPa). Microstructural studies of pastes showed the formation of sodium carbonate (XRD) and reaction products (FTIR) in a dense microstructure (SEM/EDS). Hence, the key findings suggest that employing CWWA as a solid precursor offers a viable choice for producing a more sustainable AAB. Alkaliactivated Alkali (AAB wherein hydration CO emission alkaliactivated alkali (CWWA furnace C particles Afterward composition Xray X ray XRD, XRD , distribution SEM. SEM . (SEM) NaOH (NaOH work Na 6.512.5 65125 12.5 6 5 12 6.5-12. mol.kg1 molkg1 molkg mol.kg mol kg mol.kg- range FTIR, FTIR microscopy/energydispersive microscopyenergydispersive microscopy/energy dispersive SEM/EDS SEMEDS EDS (SEM/EDS SiO 67.9 679 67 9 (67. wt% wt XRD. 65 6. ml.kg1 mlkg1 mlkg ml.kg ml ml.kg- 23.2 232 23 2 (23. MPa. MPa MPa) (XRD (FTIR SEM/EDS. Hence (SEM 512 6.512. 6512 125 12. 6.5-12 kg1 energydispersive microscopyenergy 67. (67 23. (23 51 6.512 651 6.5-1 (6 (2 6.51 6.5- (

Abstract This study evaluated the optical method for measuring free total shrinkage using a Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera. Eight composites were evaluated, conventional, bulk fill and low-shrinkage: Z100 (3M Oral Care), Gradia Direct Anterior (GC corporation), Spectra Smart (Dentsply), Filtek Z350 XT (3M Oral Care), Aura Bulk Fill (SDI), Vittra APS (FGM), Opus Bulk Fill APS (FGM), and Beautifil II LS (Shofu Inc.). The samples (6 mm diameter and 1.5 mm thick, n = 10) were placed on a polyvinylsiloxane impression material. An image of the uncured sample was captured using a DSLR camera with 105 mm macro lens and a ring flash. Samples were light cured with a 700 mW/cm2 LED light-cure unit for 40s. Post-polymerization images were captured at 2, 10 and 60 min. Projected circumferential areas of the specimens were drawn using the ImageJ software. Volumetric total shrinkage was calculated from the ratio of the areas obtained from pre- and post-curing. Results were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) and Tukey test. Volumetric total shrinkage values were significantly different among the composite materials (p < .001). The volumetric shrinkage (%) mean and results of Tukey test at 60 min were: Z100: 3.45±0.30 (A); Gradia Direct Anterior: 3.00 ± 0.23 (B); Spectra Smart 2.89 ± 0.35 (B); Filtek Z350 XT: 2.65 ± 0.37 (BC); Aura Bulk Fill: 2.42 ± 0.25 (CD); Vittra APS: 2.14 ± 0.35 (DE); Opus Bulk Fill APS: 1.91 ± 0.24 (E); Beautifil II LS: 1.18 ± 0.16 (F). The optical method using a DSLR camera, was suitable for total shrinkage evaluation and will allow assessment of total shrinkage without the need for specialized equipment.

Resumen Las constructoras familiares son responsables una parte significativa de la mano de obra y de la producción de bienes y productos de la construcción civil. Para que estén más protegidas contra fraudes, crisis y problemas inherentes a una organización familiar, tales corporaciones necesitan disponer, al menos, de las recomendaciones iniciales de gobierno corporativo. El objetivo de este artículo es medir las prácticas orientadas por el Instituto Brasileño de Gobernanza Corporativa (IBGC) en esas organizaciones, a partir de survey realizado con 33 constructoras brasileñas por conveniencia. Los resultados permiten concluir que las constructoras inician su modelo de gobernanza por la estandarización y profesionalización de los negocios, y que demoran a considerar la relevante influencia familiar. La media final entre las recomendaciones investigadas sugiere la insuficiencia de gobierno corporativo en las constructoras familiares.

Abstract In Brazil, family construction companies provide a significant share of goods and services in the construction industry. To protect themselves against fraud, crises and problems inherent to family organizations, these corporations need to implement at least basic corporate governance recommendations. This study aims to evaluate the practices suggested by the Brazilian Institute of Corporate Governance (IBGC) based on a survey of 33 Brazilian organizations for convenience. Our results indicate that construction companies in the country start their governance models by standardizing and professionalizing their business; however, they only start considering the family influence in later stages. The average scores obtained for the recommendations investigated suggest poor implementation of corporate governance practices in Brazilian family construction companies.

Abstract Drugs used in the treatment of depression can cross the placenta giving rise to questions regarding the effects these drugs exert on the fetus. Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae, is a natural product used to treat depression. However, information about its toxicity and the occurrence of alterations in the central nervous system development of the offspring is scarce. This work assessed the behavior of adult male rats born from mothers treated with Hypericum extract during gestation and analyzed the fluorescence of the extract in different organs of mothers and fetuses. Male pups were divided into three treated groups, corresponding to the administration of the Hypericum extract to mothers at the dose levels of 36 mg/kg, 72 mg/kg and 144 mg/kg, and one control group in which the mothers received distilled water. At 90 days of age, the offspring underwent the following tests: rotarod, pentobarbital-induced sleep time, elevated plus maze, hole-board and forced swimming test. The observed fluorescence indicated the presence of the extract in all tissues analyzed. The obtained results suggest lasting changes in the performances displayed in the CNS, depression and anxiety tests, indicating that the use of Hypericum during gestation could interfere with the behavioral development of the offspring reducing anxiety and depression when they become adults. We suggest that these alterations are associated with the reprogramming of the brain regions related to changes in emotional reactivity.

Resumo Até a presente data, existem poucos estudos sobre a helmintofauna de Pogonias cromis para o Brasil. Na América do Norte, P. cromis foi registrada como hospedeira de Cotylogaster basiri e, até o presente momento, não existem registros de qualquer espécie de Cotylogaster em peixes no Brasil. Em necropsias de peixes marinhos adquiridos por pescadores profissionais, foram encontrados espécimes de C. basiri no intestino e reto de P. cromis no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Quando comparada com a literatura, foram encontradas diferenças em relação ao número de lobos do funil oral e ao desenvolvimento da larva biocelar dentro dos ovos de C. basiri. Este é o primeiro registro de C. basiri em P. cromis para o Brasil, contribuindo para o conhecimento da helmintofauna desse peixe na costa brasileira.

Abstract Up until now, there have been few studies of the helminth fauna of Brazilian populations of Pogonias cromis. In North America, P. cromis is known to be a definitive host of Cotylogaster basiri, although there have been no reports of any species of Cotylogaster infecting fish in Brazil. During necropsies of marine fish obtained from professional fisherman in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, specimens of C. basiri were found in the intestine and rectum of P. cromis. In comparison with previous studies, differences were found in relation to the number of lobes in the buccal disc and the development of the biocellate larvae in the eggs of C. basiri. This is the first report of C. basiri in P. cromis from Brazil, contributing to the understanding of the helminth fauna of this fish from the coastal zone of Brazil.

Resumo Neste trabalho buscou-se estabelecer uma relação proveniente das análises espaciais de agrupamentos dos 246 municípios do estado de Goiás, Brasil, considerando os dados de saneamento básico, índice de desenvolvimento humano e cobertura vegetal. Os dados de E. coli, turbidez e cor aparente de 140 mananciais goianos também foram coletados mensalmente entre 2005 e 2009 e comparados com a cobertura vegetal e o regime de precipitação. Para a elaboração de análises espaciais de agrupamento, utilizou-se o índice de Getis-Ord, aplicado aos dados de saneamento, IDH e índice de cobertura vegetal (imagens Landsat7 ETM+ obtidas em 2002). Notou-se uma forte correlação (p<0,05) entre as áreas que possuem maior índice de saneamento com as regiões que tem maior IDH, e relação inversa com o índice de remanescente vegetal. Foi possível observar a alteração da qualidade da água dentre os municípios que possuem maior intervenção e modificação do meio ambiente, sendo que o Norte Goiano, que possui maior remanescente vegetal, apresentou um dos melhores valores para cor aparente, turbidez e E. coli, dentre os demais municípios. Ainda, foi observada elevação nas concentrações destes parâmetros, influenciada pela precipitação, que no estado de Goiás, Brasil, ocorrem primordialmente nos meses de novembro a abril.

Abstract This study presents the results of the spatial clustering of the 246 towns of the State of Goiás, Brazil, considering basic sanitation data, human development index and land use. Monthly data related to E. coli, turbidity and apparent color from 140 local sources between 2005 and 2009 were also analyzed and compared with the vegetation cover and precipitation. For the preparation of spatial clustering analysis, the Getis-Ord index was used and it was applied to sanitation, Human Development Index (HDI) and vegetation cover index (Landsat 7 ETM+ images acquired in 2002). It was observed that there is a strong correlation (p<0.05) between areas that have higher rates of sanitation with the regions that have the highest HDI levels, and an inverse relationship with the occurrence of remaining vegetation cover index. There was a change in water quality among towns that have greater intervention in land use, especially in the North of Goiás, Brazil, which has the largest remaining vegetation areas and showed better values for apparent color, turbidity and E. coli than the other municipalities. In addition, concentrations of these parameters increased with rainfall, which in the State of Goiás, Brazil, occurs primarily between November and April.

Desde 1720, la administración ultramarina portuguesa emitió ordenes reales com el objectivo de recoger informaciones estandardizadas sobre la población del imperio. Estos procesos tuvieron una mayor dimensión en Brasil, durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, pero fueron transversales a casi todos los territórios (en Africa, en el Índico y en Oriente), dando origen a un amplio corpus documental constituido por cientos de mapas estadísticos. Inspirándose en los princípios de la Aritmética Política y la Fisiocracia, las elites políticas portuguesas consideraron a la población como un recurso del Estado que se debía calcular, regular y canalizar según sus intereses. Este artículo se propone ofrecer una descripción de las ordenes enviadas a las conquistas y mapas estadísticos, así como de su evolución en el tiempo. En la línea de autores pioneros como Dauril Alden e Maria Luiza Marcílio defenderemos su enorme potencial para realizar cálculos demográficos aproximados, durante el período colonial.

From the 1720s the Portuguese overseas bureaucracy started to order the collection of organized, quantified information on population. These processes gained particular dimension in Brazil during the second half of the 18th century, but were decreed to all territories of the empire (in Africa, Indian Ocean and the East). An extensive corpus of documents was thus produced, consisting on hundreds of statistical charts, decrees and political instructions. The Portuguese bureaucratic elites, influenced by the political arithmetic and physiocratic thought, understood population as a State resource that should be calculated, managed and placed according to governance conveniences. This article aims to describe and analyze the types of orders and statistical charts produced for the Portuguese America, as well as its evolution and growing complexity. Following pioneering authors as Dauril Alden e Maria Luiza Marcílio we defend its enormous potential in the estimations of demographic statistics for the colonial period.

Even though they possess several power resources, Brazilian Presidents also elaborate their legislative proposals based upon bills already being processed in Congress through a phenomenon called Appropriation of the legislative agenda. In this paper I examine the conditions under which this phenomenon occurs by means of a typology and a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). I conclude that Appropriation provides the President with the expansion of the formal support base by controlling the agenda of allied and opposition parties as well as obtaining the "paternity" of several policies already in motion in Congress, thus enabling a public association of the President's actions and his or her party with the possibility of social benefits. Be it in the pursuit of promising agendas or for the maintenance of their own dominance, Appropriation shows that Brazilian Presidents must go beyond coalition presidentialism.

O artigo analisa a estratégia de atuação de parlamentares que se dedicam e se destacam na articulação política na arena de produção de leis, denominados agenda holders. O objetivo é apresentar os marcos analíticos e o delineamento desse conceito no âmbito dos Estudos Legislativos e propor estratégias metodológicas para a observação e análise desses agentes políticos no Congresso Nacional. Foram empregadas três abordagens diferenciadas, cada qual formulada no sentido de selecionar casos em que os parlamentares foram protagonistas nos processos legislativos. Analisaram-se vários exemplos, entre os anos 2007 e 2011, que envolveram o fenômeno da apropriação da agenda do poder Legislativo, os processos legislativos realizados por meio das comissões especiais na Câmara dos Deputados e a participação dos relatores na tramitação das medidas provisórias. Tais abordagens metodológicas foram bem sucedidas, resultando em interessantes observações acerca dos requisitos compartilhados para a atuação do parlamentar como agenda holder, tais como sua experiência pregressa e possíveis especializações, a seniority no Congresso e sua capacidade de negociação. As análises também permitiram observar uma ligação consistente entre assumir a condição de agenda holder e sobrevivência política, bem como as diferenças de atuação entre deputados e senadores. Ademais, foi possível verificar a existência de parlamentares que podem assumir, de acordo com algumas circunstâncias, o papel de anti-agenda holders. Compreende-se que estudos sobre o comportamento dos agenda holders podem enriquecer as análises que abordam as ações do poder Legislativo, enfatizando, ainda, a necessidade de uma visão mais apurada sobre a dinâmica da relação entre o Congresso e o poder Executivo. Além disso, explora-se por outro prisma a construção de carreiras políticas, inserindo grau de relevância nas ações dos parlamentares no processo legislativo, a despeito de todas as dificuldades e limitações. Desse modo, também se resgata o lugar dos parlamentares na moldagem da agenda legislativa em senso estrito e na atividade primária de formulação das leis.

This paper analyzes the performance strategy of parliamentarians engaged and stand out at political articulation in the arena of law production, called agenda holders. The objective is to present analytical frameworks and the design of this concept in the context of Legislative Studies, and to propose methodological strategies for the observation and analysis of these political actors in Brazilian Congress. Three different approaches have been employed in this work, each one formulated in order to select cases that parlamentarians were protagonists in legislative processes. We analyzed several examples, between the years 2007 and 2011, involving the phenomenon of Appropriation of the legislative agenda, legislative procedures performed through special committees in the House of Representatives and the participation of the rapporteurs in the handling of provisional decrees ("medidas provisórias"). Such methodological approaches have been successful, resulting in interesting observations about the shared requirements for the performance of a parliamentarian as agenda holder, such as past experience and expertise, the seniority in Congress and his or her negotiating skills. The analysis also allowed to observe a consistent link between taking the condition of an agenda holder and political survival as well as the differences in performance between Deputies and Senators. Furthermore, it was possible to verify the existence of parliamentarians who can take, according to some circumstances, the role of anti-agenda holders. It is understood that studying the behavior of agenda holders can enrich analysis that address the actions of the legislature, emphasizing also the need for a more accurate view of the dynamics of the relationship between the Congress and the Executive Branch. In addition, this paper explores through a different prism the building of political careers, adding relevance to the actions of legislators in the legislative process, despite all the difficulties and limitations within the Brazilian political system. Thus, it also rescues the place of parliamentarians in shaping the legislative agenda and formulating laws.

Este trabalho estuda a atuação dos titulares da agenda, conceito que abrange os parlamentares que, em temas determinados, centralizam articulações políticas entre os demais parlamentares, o Poder Executivo e representantes do empresariado e da sociedade civil organizada. Por meio de estudos de processos legislativos, complementados com informações sobre a carreira política de parlamentares, o propósito é indicar caminhos para que se compreenda quem são os titulares da agenda, como eles atuam e qual a conexão com suas carreiras políticas. Os resultados apontam para a existência de vínculo relevante entre carreiras e a atuação de parlamentares como articuladores de atores governamentais e não governamentais.

This work studies the performance of the agenda holders, a concept that covers the parliamentarians that in certain themes, centralize political articulations among other lawmakers, the Executive and representatives from business and civil society organizations. Through studies of legislative processes, supplemented with details on the political career of parliamentarians, the purpose is to indicate ways in order to understand who are the agenda holders, how they act, and the connection with their political careers. The results indicate the existence of a significant relationship between careers and the role of parliamentarians as articulators of governmental and nongovernmental organizations.

Head and neck cancer refers to skin tumors that affect people of all ages. Treatments for this type of disease include surgeries, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Purpose: to examine self-image and quality of life of patients who had head and neck cancer. Participants: 28 patients between 30 - 73 years. Instruments: Instrument for Assessing Quality of Life of the WHO - and the brief version of Evaluation Scale with Body Satisfaction. Results: Total quality of life and their subscales was positively correlated with self-image, with the exception of social relations subscale. Self-image was a significant predictor of total quality of life and physical psychological and environment dimension. Conclusion: quality of life was closely linked with self-image in these patients.

O câncer de cabeça e pescoço refere-se a tumores malignos de pele que atinge pessoas de todas as idades. O tratamento envolve cirurgias, quimioterapia e radioterapia. Objetivo: examinar a auto-imagem e a qualidade de vida de pacientes que tiveram câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Participantes: 28 pacientes, entre 30 e 73 anos. Instrumentos: Avaliação da Qualidade de Vida da OMS - versão breve e Escala de Avaliação com a Satisfação Corporal. Resultados: qualidade de vida total e suas subescalas correlacionaram-se positivamente com auto-imagem, com exceção da subescala relações sociais. A auto-imagem foi uma variável preditora significativa da qualidade de vida total e das dimensões física, psicológica e meio-ambiente. Conclusão: a qualidade de vida desses pacientes está intimamente ligada à auto-imagem.

Judiciary and regulatory policy. Increasingly, judges and the courts appear as actors capable of affecting the trajectory of the government decisions, as strategic agents in the policy process. This paper presents an analytical model able to clearly and objectively measure the impact of judicial review in the design of policies in the sphere of economic regulation. Underlying the model is the concept of transaction costs, through which one can raise the levels of intervention of the judiciary in regulatory policy. In addition to the analytical model, the article demonstrates that the interaction between the heterogeneity of preferences in the courts and institutional mechanisms of the justice system is capable of generating greater coordination and cooperation than expected.

O objetivo foi identificar o perfil de trabalhadores que receberam benefício temporário ou permanente por DORT entre 2002 e 2005 na Agência de Previdência Social (APS) Diamantina e comparar a prevalência dessa população. A amostra foi obtida através de bancos de dados contendo variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. O perfil foi semelhante ao longo dos anos. As características mais prevalentes foram trabalhadores residentes em Diamantina, entre 40 e 59 anos, nível de escolaridade no ensino fundamental, sem diferenças quanto ao gênero. A maioria estava empregado no setor de serviços, com renda abaixo de um salário mínimo. O benefício mais concedido foi auxílio-doença previdenciário. O diagnóstico mais comum foi Dorsalgia, com tempo médio do benefício de 10 meses. Observou-se tendência crescente de acometimento por DORT e evolução dos afastamentos para aposentadoria por invalidez ao longo dos anos. O presente estudo possibilitou conhecer o perfil do trabalhador afastado por DORT nessa APS. Observou-se tendência de crescimento dos índices de afastamento refletindo a tendência mundial. Assim, sugere-se implementação de políticas de prevenção, promoção e reabilitação da saúde desta população.

The objective of this study was to identify the profile of workers receiving temporary or permanent benefit for Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD) at the Social Welfare Office in Diamantina between 2002 and 2005, and to compare the prevalence among this population. The sample was obtained through analysis of the database containing socio-demographic and clinical variables, and the profile was similar over the years. The most prevalent characteristics were among workers resident in Diamantina, between 40 and 59 years of age of elementary educational level and without difference in gender. The majority were employed in the service sector, with income below US$200 per month. The benefit granted most frequently was social welfare due to illness, the most common diagnosis being back pain with duration of benefit of 10 months. An increase in the incidence of WMSD was observed leading to a marked rise in social welfare retirement due to disability over the years. This study made it possible to establish the profile of workers retired due to WMSD in Diamantina. This tendency of growth in retirement indices reflects the world tendency. The need to implement prevention, promotion and rehabilitation policies for the health of this population arises as a clear priority from this study.