ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the impact and duration of water stress on coffee growth, grain yield, and uniformity. The experiment was set up on Apr 2015 with water regimes denominated as follows: year-round irrigation with total water replacement (FI 100) and year-round irrigation with a 50 % reduction in total water replacement (FI 50); irrigation with application of water deficit from Apr to Sept with total water replacement (WD1 100) and irrigation with application of water deficit from Apr to Sept with 50 % of total water replacement (WD1 50); irrigation with application of water deficit from June to Sept with total water replacement (WD2 100), irrigation with application of water deficit from June to Sept with 50 % of total water replacement (WD2 50), and rainfed. A mechanized irrigation mobile Lateral Line sprinkler system was used. Irrigation management criterion was based on the climatological water balance and crop coefficients. Morphological variables, productivity, and fruit uniformity were evaluated. The growth variables had higher responses to water deficit treatment, with the highest reductions being recorded in rainfed treatments. The average productivity of the coffee tree in 2019 ranged from 14 to 120 bags ha–1. Even under low water availability, Iapar 59 was the most productive genotype, and E237 was the least productive genotype. Long periods of stress and 50 % reduction in water availability reduced plant productivity. Thus, the use of irrigation to complement rainfall is essential to the sustainability of coffee production systems in the Cerrado. yield 201 follows yearround year round FI 100 5 50) WD1 WD (WD WD2 100, , 50, used coefficients evaluated treatment treatments 1 12 ha1 ha ha–1 genotype E E23 Thus Cerrado 20 10 ha– E2 2

Resumo As mudanças climáticas têm implicações notáveis para a tomada de decisão dos agricultores em relação à irrigação suplementar no café cultivado em áreas com déficit hídrico. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o custo de produção e a rentabilidade do café arábica em diferentes regimes irrigado e de sequeiro nas áreas do Cerrado brasileiro. Foram avaliados quatro cenários: I. cenário anterior a eventos climáticos significativos e à pandemia; II. com efeitos da pandemia e eventos climáticos; III. com produtividade média nacional e produtividade média em áreas irrigadas, e IV - cenários de cafés especiais. No Cenário I, apenas o tratamento de sequeiro não apresentou viabilidade econômica por não apresentar valor presente líquido (VPL) positivo. No Cenário II, a taxa interna de retorno (TIR) apresentou valores superiores ao Cenário I. Os cenários de produção nacional e Cerrado mostraram-se viáveis para as condições de preços e taxas de juros avaliadas. O cultivo do café em sequeiro foi altamente atrativo para o cenário de grãos especiais (IV) em comparação aos demais cenários. A produtividade e o valor pago por saca de café são as variáveis que mais impactam a TIR da lavoura cafeeira. Portanto, uma análise econômica e técnica é importante para cada sistema de produção antes de investir na cafeicultura. hídrico brasileiro I II III irrigadas VPL (VPL positivo (TIR mostraramse mostraram se avaliadas (IV cafeeira Portanto cafeicultura

Abstract Climate change significantly impacts farmers' decision-making regarding the supplementary irrigation of coffee cultivated in areas experiencing water deficits. The aim of this study was to analyze the production cost and profitability of Arabica coffee under different irrigation and rainfed regimes in the Brazilian Cerrado. Four scenarios were evaluated: I. scenario before significant climate events and the pandemic, II. scenario with the effects of pandemic and climate events, III. scenario with average national productivity and average productivity in irrigated areas, and IV. scenario of specialty coffees. In Scenario I, only the rainfed treatment did not demonstrate economic viability because it did not yield a positive net present value (NPV). Scenario II showed higher internal rate of return (IRR) than Scenario I. The national production and Cerrado scenarios proved viable under the evaluated price conditions and interest rates. The rainfed sector was highly attractive for the specialty grain scenario (IV) than for other scenarios. Productivity and the amount paid per bag of coffee were identified as the variables that had the most significant impact on the IRR of the coffee crop. Therefore, economic and technical analyses should be conducted before investing in coffee farming to ensure the success of each production system. farmers decisionmaking decision making deficits I III IV coffees NPV. NPV . (NPV) (IRR rates (IV crop Therefore system (NPV

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da altura do pasto (30, 50, 70 e 90 cm) de capim-tanzânia sobre características morfológicas do dossel, comportamento em pastejo e processo de ingestão de forragem por cabras anglonubianas. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com duas repetições no espaço e duas repetições no tempo. Para a avaliação do comportamento em pastejo foram utilizadas seis cabras e do processo de ingestão, quatro cabras. O aumento na altura do dossel resultou em aumento na massa de forragem e de folhas, da porcentagem de colmo e material morto, e redução na razão folha colmo-1. Acima de 50 cm ocorreu aumento no tempo de pastejo e diminuição no tempo de ócio. A correlação entre altura do dossel e a profundidade de bocados foi linear positiva. A massa de forragem consumida, taxa de ingestão e consumo diário foram maiores aos 50 cm, indicando que nas demais alturas houve restrição ao processo de ingestão. A correlação entre a altura do pasto e a taxa de bocados foi negativa e, positiva com o tempo por bocado. A altura de 50 cm apresenta melhor combinação de características que favorecem o comportamento em pastejo e ingestivo de cabras.

This study evaluated the influence of Tanzania-grass sward height (30, 50, 70 and 90 cm) on the morphological characteristics of the canopy, grazing behavior and forage intake by adult Anglo Nubian female goats. A completely randomized experimental design was employed, with two replicates in space and two replicates in time. Six animals were used to assess the grazing behavior, and four, the ingestion process. The rise in sward height increased the forage and leaf mass, the percentages of stem and dead material, and reduced the leaf stem-1 ratio. Above 50 cm there was an increase in grazing time and a decrease in leisure time. A positive linear correlation was detected between sward height and bite depth. The consumed forage mass, ingestion rate and daily intake were higher at 50 cm, indicating that the other heights reduced the intake process. The sward height was negatively correlated to the bite rate and positively to the bite time. The sward height of 50 cm presents the best combination of features, favoring the grazing and ingestive behavior of female adult goats.