RESUMO Introdução. A osteíte púbica é uma doença inflamatória comum da sínfise púbica, definida como síndrome de dor crônica causada por microtraumas de repetição. Uma vez que são necessárias mudanças adaptativas na pelve para adequar o equilíbrio das estruturas miotendíneas, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação entre e a incidência pélvica e a osteíte púbica em jogadores profissionais de futebol. Materiais e Métodos. Estudo transversal, observacional, conduzido com jogadores profissionais de futebol de cinco times profissionais durante a pré-temporada. Foram excluídos do estudo atletas com anormalidades congênitas prévias ou com história de cirurgia. As radiografias de pelve foram avaliadas por dois médicos radiologistas quanto aos achados compatíveis com osteíte púbica, e os seguintes parâmetros foram medidos: incidência pélvica (PI), inclinação sacral (SI) e versão pélvica (PV). Resultados. Foram incluídos 107 participantes, com média de idade de 25,6 ± 3,1 anos. Achados compatíveis com osteíte púbica estavam presentes em 74,8% dos indivíduos (80/107). Não houve correlação estatística entre osteíte púbica e PI (52,3°± 12,7° vs. 48,4° ± 10,8°; p = 0,156), SI (43,1° ± 9,8° vs. 39,9° ± 10,1°; p = 0,146) ou PV (9,2° ± 6,3° vs. 8,6° ± 7,5°; p = 0,649). A concordância entre os médicos radiologistas foi excelente (p < 0,0001). Conclusões. Não houve correlação significativa entre os parâmetros pélvicos e o diagnóstico radiográfico de osteíte púbica. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo diagnóstico.

ABSTRACT Introduction. Osteitis pubis is a common inflammatory disease of the pubic symphysis, defined as a chronic pain syndrome caused by repetitive microtrauma. Since adaptative changes are necessary in the pelvis to adjust the equilibrium of the myotendinous structures, the aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between pelvic incidence and osteitis pubis among professional soccer players. Materials and Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study was performed with professional soccer players from five teams during pre-season. Athletes with previous congenital pelvic abnormalities or a history of surgery were excluded. Radiographs of the pelvis were analyzed by two radiologists and assessed for findings consistent with osteitis pubis, and the following parameters were measured: pelvic incidence (PI), sacral inclination (SI), and pelvic version (PV). Results. A total of 107 subjects were included in the study, with a mean age of 25.6 ± 3.1 years. Findings compatible with osteitis pubis were present in 74.8% of the subjects (80/107). There was no statistical correlation between osteitis pubis and PI (52.3°±12.7° vs. 48.4°±10.8°; p=0.156), SI (43.1°±9.8° vs. 39.9°±10.1°; p=0.146), or PV (9.2°± 6.3° vs 8.6°± 7.5°; p=0.649). Agreement between readers was excellent (p<0.0001). Conclusion. There was no significant correlation between pelvic parameters and radiographic diagnosis of osteitis pubis. Leve of Evidence II; Diagnostic study.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Snakebites in the Brazilian Amazon are caused mostly by snakes from the Bothrops genus and envenomated patients may suffer from tissue complications. METHODS: This study aimed to identify risk factors for severe tissue complications (STC) in patients with Bothrops snakebite in the Amazonas state, Brazil. RESULTS: Snakebites that were classified as severe and affected female patients with comorbidities presented greater risks of developing STCs. In addition, hospitalizations of patients with STC exceeded 5 days. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics can prove essential for assessing the evolution of STC and clinical prognosis of patients with Bothrops snakebites.

Abstract Background: Trunk pelvic dissociation is fundamental to the compensatory mechanism for muscle weakness during body bending. We carried out an early investigation of gait changes in a sample of community-dwelling women ≥60 years without gait complaints. The primary objective was to correlate spine and pelvic angles with performance tests and accelerometry parameters. The secondary objective was to correlate performance tests with accelerometry. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 54 community-dwelling women ≥60years were subjected to Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), performance tests (Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go, and Gait analysis), and radiographic analysis of sagittal alignment (Thoracic and Lumbar Cobb, Pelvic Incidence, Sacral Slope, and Pelvic Tilt angles). Gait speed was assessed in a 10-m comfortable walk, and accelerometry parameters were obtained in a 30m walk distance. Results: The sample, aged 72 ±6 years, exhibited moderate correlation between Sacral Slope and Step Length (+ 0.615). Sacral Slope weakly correlated with FES-I (- 0.339), Berg Balance Scale (+0.367), and with further accelerometry data in the AP plane: RMS, (+ 0.439) and Stride Regularity (+ 0.475), p < 0.05, all. Lumbar Cobb weakly correlated with the following accelerometry data in the AP plane: Step Length (+0.405), RMS, (+0.392), and Stride Regularity (+ 0.345), p < 0.05, all. Additionally, Stride Regularity in AP moderately correlated with FES-I (0,561, p < 0.05), among other weak correlations between performance tests and accelerometry data in AP. Conclusions: Early alterations in Sacral Slope and gait abnormalities in the AP plane may provide understanding of the early gait changes in robust older women.

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize producers to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia. Chronic complications affect a number of organs, including the lungs. Cissampelos sympodialis Eichl (Menispermaceae) is a plant used to treat respiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cissampelos sympodialis extract (CSE) in lungs of diabetic rats. We used 30 Wistar rats divided into three groups: control group (CG), diabetic group (DG) and diabetic Cissampelos sympodialis treatment group (DTG). Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (40 mg/kg i.v.). The CSE (400 mg/kg, po) was administered daily, during four weeks, beginning one week after the onset of DM. The treatment with CSE was not able to reduce blood glucose levels after streptozotocin injection. However, it was able to decrease cholesterol and triglycerides and prevent damage on pancreatic islets morphology. Additionally, morphological alterations such as alveolar septa loss, inflammatory infiltrate and fibrosis were seen in lung tissue of rats with DM, and treatment with CSE apparently reversed these histopathological findings. Thus, CSE treatment reduced the lipid profile and restored the lung architecture of diabetic animals by a mechanism independent of glycemia and which might be associated with the reduction of the damage on the pancreatic islets.

Abstract In the present study, the complete characterization of cDNA and genomic sequences of IL-1β and IL-8, as well as the expression profile of these genes in the South American fish pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is provided. The full-length pmIL-1β cDNA was composed of 1208 nucleotides that would produce a precursor peptide with 273 amino acid residues. A putative caspase-1 cleavage site, similar to what is found in mammalian IL-1β, was identified producing a mature peptide with a theoretical molecular weight of 17.21 kDa. The pmIL-8 cDNA sequence consisted of 1019 nucleotides which encoded a 95-amino acid protein with a theoretical molecular weight of 10.43 kDa that showed all typical CXC chemokine features, including a 20-residue signal peptide and four conserved cysteine residues. Constitutive mRNA expression was detected for both genes in the liver, head kidney, gill, intestine, skin and spleen. After a bacterial challenge, up-regulation was detected for both pmIL-1β and pmIL-8 in the spleen and head kidney at 12 h post-infection. At 24 h post-infection there was a decrease in the expression of both genes, with pmIL-8 showing a significant down-regulation in the liver and head kidney when compared to the control groups.

Abstract The spray drying process of a mixed juice of acerola and seriguela was optimized using a 2 4 full factorial design with 16 factorial points and 3 central points. The independent variables were different levels of inlet temperature (110°, 140° and 170 °C), feed flow (0.36, 0.60 and 0.84 L/h), amount of maltodextrin (14-26%) and maltodextrin dextrose equivalent (DE) (5, 10 and 15 DE). The responses were water activity (Aw), moisture content (MC), hygroscopicity (Hyg), powder recovery (PR) and retention of ascorbic acid (RAA). After optimization, an acceptance test and multiple comparison test were performed. Temperature exerted a great influence on Aw, MC and RAA. The optimal drying conditions to obtain acerola and seriguela juice mix powder were an inlet temperature of 140 °C, a flow rate of 0.60 L/h, 20% maltodextrin 10 DE. There was no significant difference in the acceptance of the quality attributes or in the multiple comparison test between the nectars made with the juice mix powder. Acceptance was approximately 70%. Therefore, this acerola and seriguela mix powder can be considered a good source of ascorbic acid and a potential ingredient for the food industry.

RESUMO No trabalho foi avaliado o efeito antimicrobiano do óleo capim limão (Cymbopogon citratus) microencapsulado frente a cepas de Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) e Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), e a estabilidade do óleo em ração de frangos de corte. O teste de Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM) do óleo essencial de capim-limão microencapsulado foi determinado pelo método de macrodiluição (tubo) utilizando as concentrações de 160μL/mL, 80μL/mL, 40μL/mL, 20μL/mLe 10μL/mL. A concentração do óleo de 80μL/mL apresentou melhores resultados frente às três bactérias. Para a avaliação da estabilidade foram separados e armazenadas porções de 200g de ração misturadas com o óleo essencial de capim limão na dosagem de 120μL/g de ração, foram preparadas porções de ração sem a presença do óleo essencial para teste controle, os resultados mostraram que o óleo permaneceu ativo até sete dias, com redução significativa de 3,08 UFC para S. aureus, 3, 01 para E. coli e 3,10 S. entérica. Conclui-se que, óleo essencial de capimlimão microencapuslado tem atividade antibacteriana na concentração de 80 μL/mL frente à Escherichia coli, S. entérica e S. aureus e promove a estabilidade da ração no período de sete dias mesmo na presença da matéria orgânica que é fonte de nutrientes para patógenos.

SUMMARY The antibacterial effect of microencapsulated lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil on strains of Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 6017), and the stability of this oil in feeds for broiler chickens were evaluated. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined by the macrodilution method, using the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentrations of 160 μL mL−1, 80 μL mL−1, 40 μL mL−1, 20 μL mL−1, and 10 μL mL−1. The oil concentration of 80 μL mL−1 presented the best results against the three bacteria evaluated. Samples of 200 g of feed mixed with 120 μL g−1 of the microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was stored to evaluate the oil stability. Feed without microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil was prepared as control. The oil remained active for seven days, with significant reduction of S. aureus (3.08 CFU), E. coli (3.01 CFU), and S. enterica (3.10 CFU). The microencapsulated lemon grass essential oil at concentration of 80 μL mL−1 had antibacterial effect against the E. coli, S. enterica and S. aureus, and maintained stability of the feed for seven days, even with presence of organic matter, which is source of nutrients for pathogens.

Resumo O mosquito Aedes aegypti é vetor de doenças de grande relevância para a saúde pública, como a dengue, febre amarela, zika e chikungunya. Em áreas urbanas, para o controle dos insetos adultos, é realizada a nebulização a ultrabaixo volume (UBV) do malation. A pulverização pode levar à contaminação ambiental do solo e da água com o inseticida. Objetivou-se ajustar e validar um método analítico para determinação de malation em cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e determinar o método de extração do inseticida das matrizes água e solo. A fase móvel foi uma mistura isocrática de acetonitrila e água (68:32), à vazão de 1 mL min-1, o volume de injeção de 20 µl e UV a 210 nm. Após fortificação, o analito foi extraído com acetonitrila (ACN) por agitação mecânica nas amostras de solo, e por evaporação das amostras de água, pré-concentrado, redissolvido em ACN e a recuperação foi calculada. O método é simples, específico e adequado para análise do malation com linearidade entre as concentrações de 0,05 e 1,00 μg mL-1 (R2 = 0,999) e limites de detecção de 0,017 μg mL-1, e de quantificação, de 0,051 μg mL-1. A recuperação média do malation da água foi de 97% e do solo, 96%, sendo o método exato e preciso (coeficiente de variação < 8,8%). O método ajustado pode ser utilizado com segurança para quantificação do inseticida em matrizes de água e solo.

Abstract The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector of diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and zika, which has great relevance to public health. In urban areas, ultra-low volume (ULV) malathion fogging is used for the control of adult mosquitoes. Spraying with the insecticide can contaminate soil and water. The goal of this study was to adjust and validate an analytical method for the determination of malathion in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and determine the pesticide extraction method of water and soil matrices. The mobile phase used an isocratic mixture of acetonitrile and water (68:32), at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1, an injection volume of 20 µL, and a UV at 210 nm. After fortification, the analyte was extracted with acetonitrile (ACN) by mechanical agitation of the soil samples, and by evaporation of the water samples, pre-concentrated, re-dissolved in ACN, and the recovery was calculated. The method is simple, specific and suitable for analysis of malathion with linearity between concentrations of 0.050 and 1.00 μg mL-1 (R2 = 0.999) and detection limits of 0,017 μg mL-1 and quantification of 0.051 μg mL-1. The average recovery of malathion from water was 97%, and from soil, 96%, being the method exact and precise (coefficient of variation <8.8%). The set method can be safely used for the quantification of the insecticide in water and soil matrices.

The complete genome sequence of bovine papillomavirus 2 (BPV2) from Brazilian Amazon Region was determined using multiple-primed rolling circle amplification followed by Illumina sequencing. The genome is 7,947 bp long, with 45.9% GC content. It encodes seven early (E1, E2,E4, E5, E6,E7, and E8) and two late (L1 and L2) genes. The complete genome of a BPV2 can help in future studies since this BPV type is highly reported worldwide although the lack of complete genome sequences available.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor lombar é um dos sintomas musculoesqueléticos mais comuns nas sociedades industrializadas, de acordo a Organização Mundial de Saúde. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a prevalência de dor lombar em professores que atuam na atividade de musculação em academias de ginástica no município do Rio de Janeiro e verificar as correlações entre idade, tempo de trabalho, horas de trabalho e intensidade da dor lombar. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado o Questionário adaptado do Quebec Pain Disability Scale em 50 professores de Educação Física de ambos os gêneros (idade=31,86±6,86 anos) que trabalham na musculação em academias de ginástica, com jornada semanal mínima de 12h de trabalho, e ao menos três anos de atuação prática na área. O trabalho foi caracterizado como um estudo descritivo, de corte transversal do tipo Survey. RESULTADOS: Dos 50 professores entrevistados, 62% alegaram não sentir qualquer tipo de desconforto na região lombar, enquanto apenas 38% afirmaram sentir algum tipo de dor. Desses, 20% alegaram que a manifestação da dor é diária, 6% semanal e 12% relataram que as dores são mensais. Sobre a intensidade da dor em seu pior momento, 14% afirmaram ser suave, 20% moderada e apenas 6% relataram dores intensas. Observou-se correlação positiva e significativa (p<0,05) entre a idade e tempo de trabalho e entre tempo de trabalho e intensidade da dor lombar. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de dor lombar não foi alta nos profissionais pesquisados da amostra. Os resultados apontam que os indivíduos com mais idade e que possuem mais tempo de trabalho são os que apresentam dor lombar em níveis mais elevados.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal symptoms in industrialized societies, according to the World Health Organization. This study aimed at investigating the prevalence of low back pain among bodybuilding professors of fitness centers of the city of Rio de Janeiro and at observing correlations between age, working time, working hours and low back pain intensity. METHODS: The adapted questionnaire of the Quebec Pain Disability Scale was applied to 50 physical education professors of both genders (age = 31.86±6.86 years) working with bodybuilding in fitness centers, with minimum weekly working hours of 12h, and at least three years acting in the area. This was a survey-type descriptive cross-sectional study. RESULTS: From 50 interviewed professors, 62% have stated not feeling any type of lumbar discomfort, while just 38% have stated feeling some type of pain. From these, 20% have stated feeling daily pain, 6% weekly and 12% have reported monthly pain. About pain intensity in its worst moment, 14% have stated it is mild, 20% moderate and just 6% have reported severe pain. There has been positive and significant correlation (p<0.05) between age and working time and between working time and low back pain intensity. CONCLUSION: Low back pain prevalence was not high among interviewed professionals. Results show that older individuals working for a longer time are those with more severe low back pain.

The giant bamboo fiber is among the strongest in the Bambusa species with a potential for application as engineering material. Its properties have been evaluated but there is limited information on the impact resistance of epoxy composites incorporated with giant bamboo fibers. Therefore, this study evaluated the Charpy impact energy of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with up to 30 vol% of giant bamboo fibers. Specimens with Charpy configuration were press-molded with continuous and aligned giant bamboo fibers reinforcing a DGEBA-TETA epoxy as the composite matrix. The energy absorbed by the composites was obtained in standard impact tests and the fracture surface of ruptured specimens was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, SEM. The impact energy was found to increase exponentially with the amount of incorporated fiber. SEM observations revealed the mechanism of crack propagation both in the brittle epoxy matrix and in the fiber interface of the composites.

RESUMO Produtividades elevadas de milho em sistemas com alta tecnologia estão relacionadas à correta implantação da lavoura. Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da variabilidade na distribuição de sementes de milho na linha de semeadura sobre os componentes de produção do milho. A pesquisa foi realizada em condições de Cerrado, no município de Urutaí, GO. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 2, com quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se os efeitos de cinco coeficientes de variação (0, 20, 40, 60 e 80%) de desuniformidade na distribuição espacial de sementes na linha de semeadura em dois híbridos de milho (P30F53HX e P3646HX). Não foram observadas interações para as variáveis analisadas no milho; contudo, foram diminuídos, com o aumento da desuniformidade na distribuição das sementes na linha, o diâmetro do colmo, a massa de cem grãos, o número de fileiras por espiga, o número de grãos por fileiras e o comprimento da espiga. Também foram observadas reduções lineares no rendimento de grãos de milho com o aumento do coeficiente de variação na distribuição espacial das sementes na linha de semeadura. Entre os híbridos o 30F53HX apresentou maior massa de cem grãos.

ABSTRACT High corn yields in high-tech systems are related to proper crop implementation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of variability in the distribution of seeds along the planting row on corn production components. The study was conducted under Cerrado conditions in the municipality of Urutaí, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The effects of five coefficients of variation (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80%) of non-uniformity in the spatial distribution of seeds along the planting row of two corn hybrids (P30F53HX and P3646HX) were evaluated. No interactions were observed for the analysed corn variables. However, as the non-uniformity in seed distribution along the planting row increased, stalk diameter, hundred-grain weight, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and ear length decreased. Additionally, linear reductions were observed in corn grain yield with the increase in the coefficient of variation of the spatial distribution of seeds along the planting row. Between the hybrids, the 30F53HX showed higher hundred-grain weight.

A dermatite trofoalérgica é uma resposta imunológica adversa, desencadeada por componentes dietéticos antigênicos, que escapam do processo de digestão e são absorvidos intactos pela mucosa gastrointestinal. No Brasil, há poucos relatos acerca da dermatite trofoalérgica e da antigenicidade dos componentes utilizados na produção de alimentos para animais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e relatar dados de prontuários de pacientes caninos diagnosticados com dermatite trofoalérgica em um Hospital Veterinário de Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil, a fim de analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos relacionados a este problema de pele. De 2007 a 2012, 29 cães receberam o diagnóstico de dermatite trofoalérgica após oito semanas de dieta de eliminação hipoalergênica. Dentre eles, destacam-se os cães de raça definida e as fêmeas como mais frequentes, com idade média de 50,4 meses. Prurido foi a queixa relatada em todos os casos, especialmente na região interdigital. Para fins diagnósticos, a maioria dos animais recebeu dieta caseira de eliminação, a base de batata e carneiro em aproximadamente 80% dos casos. Ademais, destaca-se a importância de que a dieta de eliminação hipoalergênica seja criteriosamente seguida pelo proprietário, a fim de controlar adequadamente os sinais clínicos da dermatite trofoalérgica.

Cutaneous food allergy is an adverse immunological response, triggered by antigenic dietary components that may escape the digestion process and are absorbed intact through the gastrointestinal mucosa. In Brazil, there are only a few reports on cutaneous food allergy and antigenicity of food components used in pet food production. Thus, the aim of this report was to assess and describe data from medical records of canine patients diagnosed with cutaneous food allergy at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital from Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, in order to evaluate epidemiological and clinical aspects related to this skin problem. From 2007 to 2012, 29 dogs received the diagnosis of cutaneous food allergy after an eight-week hypoallergenic elimination trial. Among them, purebred dogs were more frequent, as well as females, and their mean age was 50.4 months old. Pruritus was reported in all cases, especially in interdigital areas. In order to establish the diagnosis, most patients received home-cooked elimination diet, based on potato and lamb in approximately 80% of the cases. Besides, it was highlighted the importance of the hypoallergenic elimination diet being rigorously followed by dogs' owners, aiming the adequate control of the clinical signs related to cutaneous food allergy.