Abstract The REML/BLUP procedure has been successfully used for genetic progress through individual selection of high-yielding passion fruit genotypes resistant to the Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus. This study was thus developed to estimate genetic parameters and predict the gain obtained from individual selection of genotypes in a population derived from backcrosses in passion fruit. The experiment was set up as a randomized block design with four replicates, involving five full-sib families (genotypes from the first backcross). Variance components and the genetic values were estimated for eight agronomic traits via the REML/BLUP procedure. For all traits, genotypic variance between the genotypes from the first backcross showed little contribution to the phenotypic variance. The low heritability estimates obtained for the traits are overcome via individual BLUP estimates. Therefore, it was possible to obtain considerable gains with individual selection for the variables fruit length, average fruit weight, and pulp weight (19.50 to 14.04%; 22.93 to 17.97%; and 10.08 to 7.95%, respectively). For the traits showing lower gains, it is possible to obtain gains indirectly by selecting genotypes for correlated traits. Because this population derives from the first backcross generation, agronomic traits still must be recovered.

RESUMO O desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis podem ser influenciados por produtos à base de frações húmicas da matéria orgânica, MAP purificado e condicionadores de solo, como hidrogel; assim, realizou-se o presente trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos produtos comerciais Fertiactyl® à base de substâncias húmicas, MAP purificado e hidrogel no desenvolvimento e na sobrevivência em pós-plantio de Eucalyptus urograndis. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados com 25 tratamentos e quatro repetições sendo cada repetição uma parcela composta por 6 plantas. A imersão dos tubetes em solução com doses de Fertiactyl® e MAP purificado promoveu o aumento no desenvolvimento e na sobrevivência das plantas. No preparo do hidrogel a utilização de solução à base de Fertiactyl® e MAP purificado reduziram a capacidade de hidratação do polímero hidro-retentor; com o aumento das doses houve aumento linear na condutividade elétrica da solução fazendo com que a capacidade de hidratação do polímero fosse reduzida exponencialmente.

ABSTRACT The development and survival of Eucalyptus urograndis plants may be influenced by products based on humic fractions of the organic matter, purified MAP and soil conditioners, such as hydrogel. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the commercial products Fertiactyl®, based on humic substances, purified MAP and hydrogel on the post-planting development and survival of Eucalyptus urograndis. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with 25 treatments and four replicates, each of which consisted of 6 plants. The immersion of the tubes in solution with doses of Fertiactyl® and purified MAP promoted the increase in the development and survival of the plants. In the preparation of the hydrogel, the use of solution based on Fertiactyl® and purified MAP reduced the hydration capacity of the water-retaining polymer. With increasing doses, there was a linear increment in the electrical conductivity of the solution, exponentially reducing the hydration capacity of the polymer.

O objetivo do trabalho consistiu em estimar parâmetros genéticos e identificar quais os caracteres agronómicos sujeitos a modificações, em função do arranjo espacial de plantas do crambe, cultivado durante dois anos agrícolas. O estudo foi instalado em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições com dois espaçamentos na entrelinha - 0,34 m e 0,45 m - e três densidade de plantas - 20; 30 e 40 - por metro linear. Foram medidos os caracteres: altura da planta (AP), número de ramificações terciárias (NR), número de síliquas por planta (NSP), número de sementes por síliqua (NSS) e massa de 1000 grãos (MMG). Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a de 5% de probabilidade. Foram estimados os seguintes parâmetros genéticos: heratibilidade, coeficiente de variação genotípico e experimental, correlações fenotípicas, genotípicas e ambientais. Os espaçamentos entre linhas avaliados não interferiram em nenhum componente do rendimento do crambe. A densidade de plantas influenciou apenas a altura das plantas e o número de ramificações terciárias. O melhoramento genético no crambe deve-se concentrar na AP, uma vez que este caráter apresenta alta heratibilidade e apresenta correlação genotípica positiva com o NR, NSS e MMG.

This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and to identify agronomic traits that are subject to change depending on the spatial arrangement of the crambe plants grown in two years. The study consisted of five experiments, a randomized complete block design, with six treatments and four replications, two row spacing - 0.34 and 0.45 m - and three plant densities - 20, 30, 40 - per meter linear, were studied. The traits plant height (PH), number of tertiary branches (NR), seedpods number per plant (NSP), number of seeds per seedpods (NSS) and weight of 1.000 grains (MMG) were measured. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey’s test at 5% probability. The following genetic parameters were estimated: heritability, genotypic and experimental coefficient of variation, phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations. Spacing between rows did not interfere in any income component of crambe. The plant density only influenced the plant height and the number of tertiary branches. Genetic improvement in crambe should focus on AP, since this character has high heritability and presents positive genotypic correlation with NR, NSS and MMG.