ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To estimate the relative risk (RR) of death associated with obesity, the attributable fraction in the exposed/with obesity (AFo), and the hospitalized population attributable risk (hospitalized PAR) associated with obesity of death among all adults and among Black and non-Black adults hospitalized for severe COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. METHODS This retrospective cohort study of prognostic factors analyzed all cases of adults hospitalized for severe COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The occurrence of obesity was measured using secondary data from hospital teams’ surveillance records. The outcome assessed was hospital deaths caused by severe COVID-19. Poisson regression was used to estimate RRs and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS The study sample consisted of 100,099 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19, most of whom were White (84.7%) and male (54.7%). The effect of obesity was strongly modified by age, being higher in younger age groups. For the 18–39-year-old age group, RR = 2.54 (95%CI: 2.33–2.77), and in individuals 70 years and above, RR = 1.09 (95%CI: 1.05–1.13). For the 18–39-year-old age range, AFo = 60.6% and AFo = 42.5% in individuals 40–59 years old. For all hospitalizations, Hospitalized PAR measuring obesity for individuals 18–39 years old was 25.3%, while in the 40–59-year-old range, the hospitalized PAR = 11.2%. The hospitalized PAR was 31.7% in the Black population aged 18–39 years and 24.8% in non-Blacks. The hospitalized PAR was also larger in Blacks aged 40-59 years. CONCLUSIONS Obesity largely impacted in-hospital case-fatality rates among young adults and Black people contaminated by COVID-19. These data highlight the extent of the risk concerning obesity, a highly prevalent chronic condition.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES To estimate the relative risk (RR) of death associated with obesity, the attributable fraction in the exposed/with obesity (AFo), and the hospitalized population attributable risk (hospitalized PAR) associated with obesity of death among all adults and among Black and non-Black adults hospitalized for severe COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. METHODS This retrospective cohort study of prognostic factors analyzed all cases of adults hospitalized for severe COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The occurrence of obesity was measured using secondary data from hospital teams’ surveillance records. The outcome assessed was hospital deaths caused by severe COVID-19. Poisson regression was used to estimate RRs and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS The study sample consisted of 100,099 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19, most of whom were White (84.7%) and male (54.7%). The effect of obesity was strongly modified by age, being higher in younger age groups. For the 18–39-year-old age group, RR = 2.54 (95%CI: 2.33–2.77), and in individuals 70 years and above, RR = 1.09 (95%CI: 1.05–1.13). For the 18–39-year-old age range, AFo = 60.6% and AFo = 42.5% in individuals 40–59 years old. For all hospitalizations, Hospitalized PAR measuring obesity for individuals 18–39 years old was 25.3%, while in the 40–59-year-old range, the hospitalized PAR = 11.2%. The hospitalized PAR was 31.7% in the Black population aged 18–39 years and 24.8% in non-Blacks. The hospitalized PAR was also larger in Blacks aged 40-59 years. CONCLUSIONS Obesity largely impacted in-hospital case-fatality rates among young adults and Black people contaminated by COVID-19. These data highlight the extent of the risk concerning obesity, a highly prevalent chronic condition.

Resumo Introdução A sistematização de informações sobre o fenômeno do suicídio é imprescindível para subsidiar o planejamento de ações e estratégias de intervenção. Objetivo Descrever características epidemiológicas da mortalidade por suicídio no estado do Rio Grande do Sul de 2010 a 2016. Método Os dados foram obtidos a partir do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade e analisados segundo variáveis sociodemográficas. Foi utilizado o método de Prais-Winsten para estimar a variação média anual e indicar a tendência dos coeficientes. Resultados Foram registrados 7.796 óbitos no período analisado, correspondendo a um coeficiente médio de 10,7 por 100 mil habitantes. Aproximadamente 80% dos suicídios foram de homens e 40% do total se concentrou entre 40 e 59 anos de idade. Os coeficientes mais altos foram encontrados entre pessoas idosas. Foi verificada tendência de mortalidade crescente para mulheres e decrescente para homens na faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos. Entre 10 e 14 anos de idade, foi identificada tendência crescente para o sexo feminino. Na média do período, os maiores coeficientes concentraram-se no centro e norte do estado. Conclusão São sugeridos estudos aprofundados nas regiões e nos grupos prioritários apontados, a fim de subsidiar o aprimoramento de políticas públicas para a prevenção do suicídio.

Abstract Background The systematization of information about the phenomenon of suicide is crucial to support action planning and intervention strategies. Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of suicide mortality in the State of Rio Grande do Sul from 2010 to 2016. Method The data were collected from the Mortality Information System and analyzed according to sociodemographic variables. The Prais-Winsten method estimated the annual average variation and indicated the trend of mortality coefficients. Results We found 7,796 deaths recorded in the period, corresponding to an average coefficient of 10.7 per 100 thousand inhabitants. Approximately 80% of the suicides were of men, and 40% of the total were concentrated between the ages of 40 and 59. The highest coefficients were found among the elderly population. There was a trend of increasing mortality for women and decreasing for men in the age group of 20 to 29. An increasing trend was identified for females between the ages of 10 and 14. On average, the highest coefficients were concentrated in the center and north of the state. Conclusion We suggest in-depth studies to be carried out in the regions and priority groups mentioned to help improve public policies for suicide prevention.

Resumo O presente artigo identifica as Regiões de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) prioritárias com vistas a implementar ações para o fortalecimento da Vigilância em Saúde. Estudo descritivo com dados da série histórica de 11 (onze) indicadores de Vigilância em Saúde do Caderno de Diretrizes, Objetivos, Metas e Indicadores 2016, do Ministério da Saúde pactuados pela Comissão Intergestores Bipartite/RS. Os indicadores selecionados são sintetizados para produzir um Indicador Composto de Avaliação da Vigilância em Saúde (ICAVES) para cada uma das 30 Regiões de Saúde do estado, criando valores que variam de 0 (pior) a 1 (melhor), tendo como método de cálculo o utilizado para a construção do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH). Os menores índices do indicador composto estão nas Regiões de Saúde: 20-Rota da Produção e 19-Região do Botucaraí. As Regiões de Saúde 20 e 19 são prioritárias para o fortalecimento das ações de âmbito coletivo da Vigilância em Saúde e o gerenciamento de riscos e agravos à saúde considerando a equidade horizontal como diretriz do Sistema Único de Saúde.

Abstract This paper aimed to identify the priority Health Regions of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) to implement Health Surveillance strengthening actions. This is a descriptive study with data from time series of 11 (eleven) Health Surveillance indicators of the Ministry of Health’s 2016 Guidelines, Objectives, Targets and Indicators Journal agreed by the Bipartite Interagency Committee/RS. The selected indicators are synthesized to produce a Composite Health Surveillance Assessment Indicator (ICAVES) for each of the 30 Health Regions of the state, creating values ranging from zero (worst) to 1 (best), using the Human Development Index (HDI) construction calculation method. The lowest rates of the composite indicator are found in the Health Regions “20-Rota da Produção” and “19-Região do Botucaraí”. These two Health Regions are priorities for the strengthening of collective Health Surveillance actions and the management of health risks and diseases, considering horizontal equity as guideline of the Unified Health System.

Resumo O presente artigo identifica as Regiões de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) prioritárias com vistas a implementar ações para o fortalecimento da Vigilância em Saúde. Estudo descritivo com dados da série histórica de 11 (onze) indicadores de Vigilância em Saúde do Caderno de Diretrizes, Objetivos, Metas e Indicadores 2016, do Ministério da Saúde pactuados pela Comissão Intergestores Bipartite/RS. Os indicadores selecionados são sintetizados para produzir um Indicador Composto de Avaliação da Vigilância em Saúde (ICAVES) para cada uma das 30 Regiões de Saúde do estado, criando valores que variam de 0 (pior) a 1 (melhor), tendo como método de cálculo o utilizado para a construção do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH). Os menores índices do indicador composto estão nas Regiões de Saúde: 20-Rota da Produção e 19-Região do Botucaraí. As Regiões de Saúde 20 e 19 são prioritárias para o fortalecimento das ações de âmbito coletivo da Vigilância em Saúde e o gerenciamento de riscos e agravos à saúde considerando a equidade horizontal como diretriz do Sistema Único de Saúde.

Abstract This paper aimed to identify the priority Health Regions of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) to implement Health Surveillance strengthening actions. This is a descriptive study with data from time series of 11 (eleven) Health Surveillance indicators of the Ministry of Health’s 2016 Guidelines, Objectives, Targets and Indicators Journal agreed by the Bipartite Interagency Committee/RS. The selected indicators are synthesized to produce a Composite Health Surveillance Assessment Indicator (ICAVES) for each of the 30 Health Regions of the state, creating values ranging from zero (worst) to 1 (best), using the Human Development Index (HDI) construction calculation method. The lowest rates of the composite indicator are found in the Health Regions “20-Rota da Produção” and “19-Região do Botucaraí”. These two Health Regions are priorities for the strengthening of collective Health Surveillance actions and the management of health risks and diseases, considering horizontal equity as guideline of the Unified Health System.