Objective: To evaluate the impact of a simulated open intestinal anastomosis course on general surgery residents. Materials and Methods: Prospective non-randomized study. A course was applied to residents in the general surgery program at the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile in 2021 for its first version and a second time in 2022. Perception and confidence were evaluated with pre-and post-course surveys. Results: Seventeen residents participated. Of these, 16 residents had previously attended the basic technique, 10 had never performed an intestinal anastomosis as a first surgeon on a real patient, mostly second and third-year residents. The average confidence level for performing an intestinal anastomosis on patients prior to the course was 1.86/7, 3/7, and 5.38/7 for the first, second, and third year, respectively. Overall, prior to the course, residents averaged a confidence of 3.09/7. After the course, 15/16 residents agreed or strongly agreed that it improved their confidence in the technique; that the model accurately represents the real situation, and that simulated models are more effective for learning than clinical experience alone. Residents increased their confidence by 2.47 points, reaching an average of 5.56/7 for the technique (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The open intestinal anastomosis course is perceived by residents as effective, realistic, and significantly increases confidence in performing this technique.

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de un curso de anastomosis intestinal abierta simulada en residentes de cirugía general. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo no aleatorizado. Se aplicó un curso para residentes del programa de cirugía general del Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile en 2021 en su primera versión y una segunda vez en 2022. Se evaluó la percepción y confianza con encuestas pre y post curso. Resultados: Participaron diecisiete residentes. De ellos, 16 residentes habían asistido previamente en la técnica básica, 10 nunca habían realizado una anastomosis intestinal a un paciente real como primer cirujano, en su mayoría residentes de segundo y tercer año. El nivel de confianza promedio para realizar una anastomosis intestinal en pacientes previo al curso fue de 1,86/7, 3/7 y 5,38/7 para el primer, segundo y tercer año, respectivamente. De manera global, previo al curso, los residentes promediaron una confianza de 3,09/7. Después del curso, 15/16 residentes estuvieron de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo en que mejoró la confianza en la técnica; que el modelo representa correctamente la situación real, y que los modelos simulados son más efectivos para el aprendizaje que la experiencia clínica por sí sola. Los residentes aumentaron su confianza en 2,47 puntos, alcanzando un promedio de 5,56/7 para la técnica (p = 0,001). Conclusiones: El curso de anastomosis intestinal abierta es percibido por los residentes como efectivo, realista y aumenta, significativamente, la confianza en la realización de esta técnica.

Abstract Objective This study aims to assess the emotional impacts of the baby’s physical disability on the mother. Method It is an exploratory investigation carried on with two mother-infant dyads, only one of which gave birth to a physically disabled baby, both participating in a larger case-control investigation. The tools used included the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire as well as semi-structured interviews. Results Both mothers showed similar reports and parenting levels, but the one whose baby had a disability scored higher on anxiety and depression, in connection with the baby’s low level of development. Conclusion It is concluded that, in order to achieve the same levels of a typical parenting condition, greater adaptation mechanisms are required. babys s mother motherinfant infant dyads casecontrol case control Inventories semistructured semi structured interviews depression development that condition required

Resumo Objetivo Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar impactos emocionais da deficiência física do bebê na mãe. Método Trata-se de um estudo exploratório realizado com duas díades, uma composta um bebê com deficiência e sua mãe e outra por um bebê sem deficiência e sua mãe, provenientes de uma pesquisa maior com desenho caso-controle. Foram utilizados a Entrevista Semiestruturada, Inventários Beck de Ansiedade e Depressão, Questionário de Função Reflexiva Parental e Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Resultados As mães demonstraram relatos e níveis de parentalidade semelhantes, mas a do bebê com deficiência apresentou maiores scores para ansiedade e depressão, relacionados ao baixo nível de desenvolvimento do filho. Conclusão Conclui-se que mecanismos de adaptação são necessários para se obter os mesmos níveis de parentalidade de uma condição típica. Tratase Trata díades casocontrole. casocontrole caso controle. controle caso-controle Semiestruturada Depressão Questionnaire semelhantes depressão filho Concluise Conclui típica

Abstract The aim is to reflect on the particularities of the extension curricularization process in the Academic Training Units of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. The data analyzed here was extracted from the mappings and activities organized by the ABEPSS South I regional office between 2021 and 2023. This is an urgent issue given the numerous challenges and the need to incorporate university extension into the curricula of Social Work courses in a qualified manner. The results collected indicate its importance within professional training and work; promoting ongoing debates so that we can achieve extension practices that consolidate the tripod of higher education and truly respond to social demands. They also show the need to overcome institutional bureaucratic processes in order to guarantee a concept of extension that is linked to the struggles and resistance instituted by the working class. Paraná Sul 202 2023 manner work demands class 20 2

Resumo Objetiva-se refletir sobre as particularidades do processo de curricularização da extensão nas Unidades de Formação Acadêmica (UFAs) do Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados ora analisados foram extraídos dos mapeamentos e das atividades organizadas pela Regional Sul I da ABEPSS, entre os anos de 2021 e 2023. Trata-se de um tema urgente diante dos inúmeros desafios e da necessidade de incorporar, de modo qualificado a extensão universitária nos currículos dos cursos de Serviço Social. Os resultados coletados sinalizam a sua importância no interior da formação e do trabalho profissionais; promover debates contínuos para que alcancemos práticas extensionistas que consolidem o tripé do ensino superior e respondam verdadeiramente às demandas sociais. Denotam também a necessidade de superar os processos burocráticos institucionais, no sentido de garantir uma concepção de extensão que seja vinculada às lutas e resistências instituídas pela classe trabalhadora. Objetivase Objetiva se UFAs (UFAs Paraná ABEPSS 202 2023 Tratase Trata incorporar Social profissionais sociais institucionais trabalhadora 20 2

Abstract Background: Arboviral diseases are a group of infectious diseases caused by viruses transmitted by arthropods, mainly mosquitoes. These diseases, such as those caused by the dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV), and yellow fever (YFV) viruses, have a significant impact worldwide. In this context, entomological surveillance plays a crucial role in the control and prevention of arboviruses by providing essential information on the presence, distribution, and activity of vector mosquitoes. Based on entomological surveillance, transovarian transmission provides information regarding the maintenance and dissemination of arboviruses. The objective of this study was to detect these arboviruses in Goiânia, Goiás, and analyze the occurrence of transovarian transmission. Methods: Aedes aegypti eggs were collected from different regions of Goiânia and cultivated under controlled laboratory conditions until the emergence of adult mosquitoes. Adult females were grouped into pools containing their heads and thoraxes. These pools were subsequently evaluated using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Results: A total of 157 pools (N=1570) were analyzed, with two pools testing positive for CHIKV and one pool testing positive for ZIKV, indicating that the offspring resulting from transovarian transmission are potentially infectious. Conclusions: In summary, the demonstration of the vertical transmission mechanisms of CHIKV and ZIKV in A. aegypti serves as an alert to health authorities, as these diseases are still underreported, and their primary urban vector has likely acquired this capacity, contributing to the dissemination of these infections. Background arthropods mosquitoes DENV, DENV , (DENV) (ZIKV) CHIKV, (CHIKV) YFV (YFV worldwide context presence distribution Goiás Methods thoraxes reversetranscription reverse transcription RTqPCR RT qPCR (RT-qPCR assay Results 15 N=1570 N1570 N 1570 (N=1570 analyzed Conclusions summary authorities underreported capacity infections (DENV (ZIKV (CHIKV 1 N=157 N157 (N=157 N=15 N15 (N=15 N=1 N1 (N=1 N= (N= (N

ABSTRACT Objective: To review the pathological diagnosis of possible cases and/or hidden cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) between 2000 and 2012 using the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry database in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Possible cases were retrieved by assessing the database. Inclusion criteria were being older than 30 years of age and having ICD-O-3 topography and morphology codes related to MM. A board of expert pathologists reviewed the pathology reports and requested paraffin blocks in cases that demanded revision. After staining with calretinin, D2-40, WT-1 (as positive MM markers) and Ber-EP4 and MOC31 (as negative MM markers), cases were divided and studied independently by a pair of pathologists to confirm or discard the diagnosis of MM. Results: Our sample comprised 482 cases from 25 hospitals, and 130 needed further histological revision. We received 73 paraffin blocks with adequate material. After board analysis, there were 9 cases with a definitive diagnosis of MM, improving the diagnostic rate in 12%. Two cases of previously diagnosed MM were discarded by review. Conclusions: Our results confirm that part of MM underdiagnosis and underreporting in Brazil is due to incomplete or mistaken pathological diagnosis. Objective andor (MM 200 201 HospitalBased Hospital Based Paulo Methods 3 ICDO3 ICDO ICD O ICD-O- revision calretinin D240, D240 D D2 40, 40 D2-40 WT1 WT 1 WT- as markers BerEP4 BerEP Ber EP4 EP Ber-EP MOC MOC3 markers, , Results 48 2 hospitals 13 7 material analysis 12 12% Conclusions 20 ICD-O D24 4 D2-4 D2-

RESUMEN El entrenamiento muscular del suelo pélvico (EMSP) se recomienda como tratamiento de primera línea para las pruebas de nivel 1 de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE). Actualmente, se utiliza la gimnasia abdominal hipopresiva (GAH) en la práctica clínica con este fin. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo comprobar la superioridad de un tratamiento experimental en comparación con el tratamiento de referencia para la IUE y la función del suelo pélvico en mujeres menopáusicas. Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado de no inferioridad con 31 mujeres climatéricas sexualmente activas y con IUE. Las participantes se distribuyeron en dos grupos: 16 se sometieron a EMSP y 15 a GAH. Ambos recibieron 26 sesiones, dos veces por semana, en sesiones individuales. Todas las voluntarias fueron evaluadas en dos momentos, al principio y al final de las intervenciones. El resultado primario se evaluó mediante el cuestionario ICIQ-SF, y el resultado secundario mediante la evaluación bidigital del suelo pélvico. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba ANOVA de dos vías, seguida de la prueba posterior de Tukey cuando necesario. El EMSP tuvo un mejor resultado en la mejora de la IUE (p=0,01). No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en cuanto a la fuerza de contracción, el tiempo de mantenimiento y las repeticiones rápidas y lentas. En cuanto a la mejora de los síntomas de IUE, se concluyó que el EMSP es superior a la GAH. (EMSP . (IUE) Actualmente GAH (GAH fin menopáusicas 3 2 semana individuales momentos intervenciones ICIQSF, ICIQSF ICIQ SF, SF ICIQ-SF vías necesario p=0,01. p001 p p=0,01 0 01 (p=0,01) contracción lentas (IUE p00 p=0,0 (p=0,01 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 p=0 (p=0, p= (p=0 (p= (p

ABSTRACT Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is recommended as first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women (scientific evidence level 1). Currently, hypopressive abdominal gymnastics (HAG) has been used in clinical practice without evidence for this purpose. To verify the superiority of an experimental treatment in relation to a positive control (gold standard) for the treatment of SUI and PFM function in climacteric women. A non-inferiority clinical trial was conducted with 31 climacteric women with SUI who were sexually active. They were allocated into two groups: 16 in the PFMT group and 15 in the HAG group. Both groups received 26 sessions twice per week and individual care. All participants were assessed twice, at the beginning and at the end of interventions. The primary outcome was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and the secondary were given by PFM function assessed via bidigital palpation. The methods used to analyze the results were the two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey post-hoc test, when necessary. PFMT was better in improving SUI in the primary outcome (p=0.01). The groups showed no significant difference in force of contraction, time of sustained PFM, and fast and slow repetitions at the time of analysis. Regarding the symptoms of SUI, PFMT performed better than HAG. (PFMT firstline first line (SUI scientific 1. 1 . 1) Currently (HAG purpose gold standard noninferiority non inferiority 3 active 2 care interventions ICIQSF ICIQ SF (ICIQ-SF palpation twoway way ANOVA, ANOVA , (ANOVA) posthoc post hoc test necessary p=0.01. p001 p p=0.01 0 01 (p=0.01) contraction (ANOVA p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p

RESUMO O treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (TMAP) é recomendado como primeira linha no tratamento do nível 1 de evidência da incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE). Atualmente, a Ginástica Abdominal Hipopressiva (GAH) tem sido utilizada na prática clínica com este propósito. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar a superioridade de um tratamento experimental em relação ao tratamento padrão-ouro para IUE e função do assoalho pélvico em mulheres na menopausa. Foi conduzido um ensaio clínico randomizado de não inferioridade com 31 mulheres climatéricas, sexualmente ativas e com IUE. Elas foram alocadas em dois grupos, em que: 16 foram submetidas ao TMAP e 15 à GAH. Ambos receberam 26 sessões, duas vezes por semana, em atendimentos individuais. Todas as voluntárias foram avaliadas em dois momentos, no início e ao término das intervenções. O desfecho primário foi avaliado pelo Questionário (ICIQ-SF) e o secundário pela avaliação bidigital do assoalho pélvico. Para a análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste ANOVA de duas vias, seguido do pós-teste de Tukey, quando necessário. O TMAP foi superior na melhora da IUE (p=0.01). Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação a força de contração, tempo de sustentação, repetições rápidas e lentas. Em relação à melhora dos sintomas de IUE, concluiu-se que o TMAP é superior a GAH. (TMAP . (IUE) Atualmente GAH (GAH propósito padrãoouro padrão ouro menopausa 3 climatéricas 2 sessões semana individuais momentos intervenções ICIQSF ICIQ SF (ICIQ-SF estatística vias pósteste pós Tukey necessário p=0.01. p001 p p=0.01 0 01 (p=0.01) contração sustentação lentas concluiuse concluiu se (IUE p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p

Abstract Background and objective This study aims to quantify bedside pleural procedures performed at a quaternary teaching hospital describing technical and epidemiological aspects. Materials and methods The authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent invasive thoracic bedside procedures between March 2022 and February 2023. Results 463 chest tube insertions and 200 thoracenteses were performed during the study period. Most procedures were conducted by 1st-year Thoracic Surgery residents, with Ultrasound Guidance (USG). There was a notable preference for small-bore pigtail catheters, with a low rate of immediate complications. Conclusion Bedside thoracic procedures are commonly performed in current medical practice and are significant in surgical resident training. The utilization of pigtail catheters and point-of-care ultrasonography by surgical residents in pleural procedures is increasingly prevalent and demonstrates high safety. aspects 202 2023 46 20 period 1styear styear 1st year st USG. USG . (USG) smallbore small bore complications training pointofcare point care safety 4 2 (USG

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the energy values and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids of corn, corn protein meal (CPM), corn germ (CG), and dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in broiler diets. In the first experiment, the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) values were determined using the total excreta collection method. A total of 240 14-day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments, including four different feed ingredients and a reference diet, each with eight replicates of six birds. In the second experiment, to determine the coefficient values of amino acids, 240 birds aged 14 to 28 days were randomly assigned to five treatments, including four different feed ingredients and a nitrogen-free diet, each with eight replicates of six birds. At 28 days of age, birds were slaughtered, and the digesta were collected to determine the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients and, subsequently, the digestibility of amino acids. The AMEn for corn, CPM, CG, and DDGS is 3178, 2171, 2473, and 3398 kcal/kg, respectively. The metabolizability coefficient of the AMEn percentages are 68.03% for corn, 46.62% for CPM, 44.15% for CG, and 73.39% for DDGS. The average digestibility of essential amino acids in corn, CPM, CG, and DDGS is 92.55, 52.63, 73.07, and 81.51%, respectively. For non-essential amino acids, the average digestibility in corn, CPM, CG, and DDGS is 90.59, 54.36, 70.20, and 79.47%, respectively, with an overall average of 85.21%. SID (SID CPM , (CPM) CG (CG) distillers (DDGS diets experiment AME (AME nitrogencorrected nitrogen corrected (AMEn method 24 14dayold dayold day old treatments diet 1 2 nitrogenfree free age slaughtered subsequently 3178 2171 2473 339 kcalkg kcal kg kcal/kg respectively 6803 68 03 68.03 4662 46 62 46.62 4415 44 15 44.15 7339 73 39 73.39 9255 92 55 92.55 5263 52 63 52.63 7307 07 73.07 8151 81 51 81.51% nonessential non 9059 90 59 90.59 5436 54 36 54.36 7020 70 20 70.20 7947 79 47 79.47% 8521 85 21 85.21% (CPM (CG 317 217 247 33 680 6 0 68.0 466 4 46.6 441 44.1 733 7 3 73.3 925 9 5 92.5 526 52.6 730 73.0 815 8 81.51 905 90.5 543 54.3 702 70.2 794 79.47 852 85.21 31 68. 46. 44. 73. 92. 52. 81.5 90. 54. 70. 79.4 85.2 81. 79. 85.

Resumen Introducción: La cuenca media del río Bogotá viene sufriendo contaminación por metales pesados debido a los vertidos industriales. Esta fuente de agua ha sido utilizada para el riego de cultivos de ciclo corto, lo que ha provocado la contaminación por metales pesados de los suelos productivos. Objetivo: Evaluar un proceso de fitorremediación con las especies de Brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) y Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) en suelos contaminados con metales pesados en Mosquera, Colombia. Métodos: El muestreo se realizó con un diseño factorial al azar: a) proporciones de cilantro/brócoli (30 cilantro/70 brócoli, 50/50, 70 cilantro/30 brócoli y dos controles de tipo monocultivo de cada especie) y b) tiempo de fitorremediación (3, 6 y 9 meses), cada tratamiento con cuatro parcelas experimentales. El suelo y el tejido vegetal se analizó mediante espectrofotometría de absorción atómica para determinar la concentración de los metales pesados. Resultados: Las concentraciones de metales pesados en las muestras de tejido vegetal para brócoli y cilantro mostraron valores de Cd, Pb y Cr más altos que Hg y As, respecto al control. Las concentraciones de Cd, Pb y Cr presentaron valores significativamente más altos (P < 0.05) en suelos con cilantro y brócoli mezclados, respecto al sitio de control donde la concentración de Cd registró niveles significativamente más bajos que en los otros suelos. Las concentraciones de Cd, Pb y Cr fueron más altas en tejidos de cilantro y en suelos con cilantro en comparación con el control. Conclusiones: La fitorremediación por medio de las especies Brassica oleracea var. itálica Plenck y Coriandrum sativum L. en proporciones 70/30 o 30/70 a suelos con pH entre 5.5 y 6.0 permiten una buena recuperación de suelos con contenidos de metales pesados en términos de concentraciones altas a cortos plazos, iniciando la biorremediación a los tres meses y finalizando cargas de disponibilidad variable a los nueve meses.

Abstract Introduction: The middle basin of the Bogotá River has been suffering from heavy metal contamination due to industrial discharges. This water source has been used to irrigate short-cycle crops, which has resulted in heavy metal contamination of productive soils. Objective: To evaluate a phytoremediation process with the plant species Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica plenck) and Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) in soils contaminated with heavy metals in Mosquera, Colombia. Methods: Sampling was performed with a randomized factorial design: a) cilantro/broccoli proportions (30 cilantro/70 broccoli, 50/50, 70 cilantro/30 broccoli and two monoculture type controls of each species) and b) phytoremediation time (3, 6 and 9 months), each treatment with four experimental plots. Soil and plant tissue were analyzed in the laboratory by atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine the concentration of heavy metals. Results: The concentrations of heavy metals in plant tissue samples for broccoli and cilantro showed higher values of Cd, Pb and Cr than Hg and As, with respect to the control. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and Cr presented significantly higher values (P < 0.05) in soil where there was a mixed presence of cilantro and broccoli, with respect to the control site where the concentration of Cd registered significantly lower levels than in the other soils. Finally, Cd, Pb and Cr concentrations were higher in cilantro tissues and in soils with cilantro compared to the control. Conclusions: Phytoremediation by means of Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck and Coriandrum sativum L. in 70/30 or 30/70 proportions in soils with pH between 5.5 and 6.0 allows a good recovery of soils with heavy metal contents in terms of high concentrations in short terms, starting bioremediation after three months and ending loads of variable availability after nine months.

Resumen Introducción: La falta de conocimiento sobre la germinación de semillas y el establecimiento de plántulas es una de las principales limitaciones para la restauración de áreas degradadas, incluido el bosque seco tropical conocido como Caatinga. Objetivo: Evaluar la movilización de reservas y metabolitos secundarios durante estas etapas de desarrollo en Erythina velutina. Métodos: Las semillas fueron escarificadas, desinfectadas, embebidas, sembradas entre toallas de papel e incubadas bajo condiciones controladas. Cultivamos las plántulas hidropónicamente en un invernadero. Recolectamos los cotiledones en la imbibición de la semilla, la protrusión de la radícula, la emergencia del hipocótilo, la formación del gancho apical y la expansión de las hojas cordiformes, la primera y segunda hoja trifoliada. Resultados: Las semillas contenían 20 % de almidón, 14.5 % de proteínas de almacenamiento, 11.6 % de lípidos neutros y 5.7 % de azúcares no reductores en peso seco. Los azúcares solubles se consumieron desde la emergencia del hipocótilo hasta la formación del gancho apical. Las principales reservas se movilizaron desde la formación del gancho apical hasta la expansión de la primera hoja trifoliada. La actividad enzimática aumentó desde la mitad hasta el final del establecimiento de las plántulas, movilizando almidón, aceites y proteínas. Se detectaron derivados de terpenoides, flavonoides, ácidos fenólicos y alcaloides. Los flavonoides y los ácidos fenólicos estuvieron en casi todas las etapas y los derivados terpenoides desaparecieron en la expansión de las hojas cordiformes. Conclusión: Los azúcares solubles apoyan el crecimiento temprano de las plántulas; el almidón, los aceites y las proteínas se movilizan simultáneamente desde el establecimiento medio hasta el final por amilasas, lipasas y proteasas ácidas. Los cotiledones contienen metabolitos secundarios, que pueden actuar en la defensa de las plántulas. El alto contenido de reservas y los metabolitos secundarios en los cotiledones podría permitir que las plántulas de E. velutina toleren estrés, validando su uso en la restauración de áreas degradadas.

Abstract Introduction: The lack of knowledge on seed germination and seedling establishment is a main constraint for the restoration of degraded areas, including the tropical dry forest known as Caatinga. Objective: To assess reserve and secondary metabolite mobilization during seed germination and seedling establishment in Erythina velutina. Methods: We scarified, disinfected, imbibed, sown between towel paper, and incubated seeds under controlled conditions. We hydroponically cultivated seedlings in a greenhouse. We harvested cotyledons at seed imbibition, radicle protrusion, hypocotyl emergence, apical hook formation and expansion of cordiform leaves, first trifoliate leaf, and second trifoliate leaf. Results: Seeds contained approximately 20 % starch, 14.5 % storage proteins, 11.6 % neutral lipids, and 5.7 % non-reducing sugars on a dry weight basis. Soluble sugars were mainly consumed from hypocotyl emergence to apical hook formation, while major reserves were mobilized from apical hook formation to expansion of first trifoliate leaf. Enzymatic activity increased from mid to late seedling establishment, causing the mobilization of starch, oils, and proteins. Terpenoid-derivatives, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids were detected. Flavonoids and phenolic acids were present at almost all stages and terpenoid-derivatives disappeared at expansion of cordiform leaves. Conclusion: Soluble sugars support early seedling growth, while starch, oils and proteins are simultaneously mobilized from mid to late establishment by amylases, lipases, and acid proteases. The cotyledons contain secondary metabolites, which may act in seedling defense. High content of reserves and presence of secondary metabolites in the cotyledons could enable E. velutina seedlings endure stress, validating their use in the restoration of degraded areas.

Abstract The concept of Institutional Racism (IR) gained emphasis in the late 1990s and the 2000s. It became one of the central terms in the discussion on racism and the Black Population Health. In Brazil, this category hegemonically influences the understanding of racism in health studies and debates. This qualitative case study paper analyzes the incorporation of the IR concept in Brazil in implementing the National Comprehensive Health Policy for the Black Population. Government documents from the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Applied Economic Research were analyzed. Although the formal inclusion of the discussion about IR in the public policy agenda in the early 21st century is a great achievement, apprehending this fact in isolation disregards the dialectical interaction between individual, institutional, and structural forms in the racialization dehumanizing process. Thus, combating IR depends on facing the reasons that lead institutions to reproduce racism and its consequences on access to housing, work, education, and health services and actions. (IR s 2000s debates analyzed st achievement individual institutional process Thus housing work education actions

Resumo O conceito de Racismo Institucional (RI) ganha ênfase ao final dos anos 1990 e nos anos 2000, tornando-se assim um dos termos centrais na discussão sobre o racismo e a Saúde da População Negra. No Brasil, esta categoria influencia hegemonicamente a compreensão do racismo nos estudos e debates na saúde. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a incorporação do conceito de RI no Brasil, no âmbito de implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra. O presente estudo caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa e como um estudo de caso. Foram analisados documentos governamentais do Ministério da Saúde e do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica. Embora o ingresso formal da discussão sobre o RI na agenda de políticas públicas no início do século XXI represente uma grande conquista, apreender isoladamente este fato leva à desconsideração da interação dialética entre as formas individuais, institucionais e estruturais no desumanizante processo de racialização. Assim, o combate ao RI depende da capacidade de enfrentamento aos motivos que levam as instituições a reproduzirem o racismo e suas consequências no acesso à moradia, ao trabalho, à educação e consequentemente, a serviços e ações de saúde. (RI 199 2000 tornandose tornando se Negra Brasil saúde caracterizouse caracterizou caso Econômica conquista individuais racialização Assim moradia trabalho consequentemente 19 200 1 20 2

Resumo O conceito de Racismo Institucional (RI) ganha ênfase ao final dos anos 1990 e nos anos 2000, tornando-se assim um dos termos centrais na discussão sobre o racismo e a Saúde da População Negra. No Brasil, esta categoria influencia hegemonicamente a compreensão do racismo nos estudos e debates na saúde. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a incorporação do conceito de RI no Brasil, no âmbito de implementação da Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra. O presente estudo caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa e como um estudo de caso. Foram analisados documentos governamentais do Ministério da Saúde e do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica. Embora o ingresso formal da discussão sobre o RI na agenda de políticas públicas no início do século XXI represente uma grande conquista, apreender isoladamente este fato leva à desconsideração da interação dialética entre as formas individuais, institucionais e estruturais no desumanizante processo de racialização. Assim, o combate ao RI depende da capacidade de enfrentamento aos motivos que levam as instituições a reproduzirem o racismo e suas consequências no acesso à moradia, ao trabalho, à educação e consequentemente, a serviços e ações de saúde.

Abstract The concept of Institutional Racism (IR) gained emphasis in the late 1990s and the 2000s. It became one of the central terms in the discussion on racism and the Black Population Health. In Brazil, this category hegemonically influences the understanding of racism in health studies and debates. This qualitative case study paper analyzes the incorporation of the IR concept in Brazil in implementing the National Comprehensive Health Policy for the Black Population. Government documents from the Ministry of Health and the Institute of Applied Economic Research were analyzed. Although the formal inclusion of the discussion about IR in the public policy agenda in the early 21st century is a great achievement, apprehending this fact in isolation disregards the dialectical interaction between individual, institutional, and structural forms in the racialization dehumanizing process. Thus, combating IR depends on facing the reasons that lead institutions to reproduce racism and its consequences on access to housing, work, education, and health services and actions.

Abstract The scope of this article was to evaluate the influence of multimorbidity and associated effects on the activities in the day-to-day lives of community-dwelling elderly individuals. It involved a cohort study with data from the FIBRA Study, the baseline (2008-2009) and follow-up (2016-2017). The basic activities in daily living (ADL) were evaluated using Katz’s index, and the chronic diseases were classified as: (1) multimorbidity and multimorbidity patterns; (2) cardiopulmonary; (3) vascular-metabolic; and (4) mental-musculoskeletal. The chi-square test and Poisson regression data were used for analysis. A total of 861 older adults with no functional dependency at baseline were analyzed. Elderly individuals with multimorbidity (RR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.19-2.10) and classified according to cardiopulmonary (RR = 2.43; 95%CI: 1.77-3.33), vascular-metabolic (RR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.19-1.89) and mental-musculoskeletal (RR = 1.30; 95%CI: 1.03-1.65) had a higher risk of presenting functional decline in ADL in the follow-up compared to those who didn’t have the same disease patterns. Multimorbidity and its patterns increased the risk of functional disability in older adults over the nine-year period. daytoday day communitydwelling community dwelling Study 20082009 2008 2009 (2008-2009 followup follow up 20162017. 20162017 2016 2017 . (2016-2017) (ADL Katzs Katz s index as 1 (1 2 (2 3 (3 vascularmetabolic vascular metabolic 4 (4 mentalmusculoskeletal. mentalmusculoskeletal mental musculoskeletal. musculoskeletal chisquare chi square analysis 86 analyzed RR 1.58 158 58 95%CI 95CI CI 95 1.192.10 119210 1.19 2.10 19 10 1.19-2.10 2.43 243 43 1.773.33, 177333 1.77 3.33 , 77 33 1.77-3.33) 1.50 150 50 1.191.89 119189 1.89 89 1.19-1.89 1.30 130 30 1.031.65 103165 1.03 1.65 03 65 1.03-1.65 didnt didn t nineyear nine year period 2008200 200 (2008-200 2016201 201 (2016-2017 ( 8 1.5 15 5 9 192 1.192.1 11921 119 1.1 210 2.1 1.19-2.1 2.4 24 773 1.773.33 17733 177 1.7 333 3.3 7 1.77-3.33 191 1.191.8 11918 189 1.8 1.19-1.8 1.3 13 031 1.031.6 10316 103 1.0 165 1.6 0 6 1.03-1.6 200820 20 (2008-20 201620 (2016-201 1. 1.192. 1192 11 21 2. 1.19-2. 1.773.3 1773 17 3. 1.77-3.3 1.191. 1191 18 1.19-1. 1.031. 1031 16 1.03-1. 20082 (2008-2 20162 (2016-20 1.192 1.19-2 1.773. 1.77-3. 1.191 1.19-1 1.031 1.03-1 (2008- (2016-2 1.19- 1.773 1.77-3 1.03- (2008 (2016- 1.77- (200 (2016 (20 (201

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a influência da multimorbidade e seus padrões nas atividades básicas de vida diária da pessoa idosa residente na comunidade. Trata-se de estudo de coorte com dados provenientes do Estudo FIBRA, linha de base (2008-2009) e seguimento (2016-2017). As atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVD) foram avaliadas pelo questionário de Katz e as doenças crônicas foram classificadas como (1) multimorbidade e padrões de multimorbidade: (2) cardiopulmonar; (3) vascular-metabólico; e (4) mental-musculoesquelético. Para a análise de dados, utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado e a regressão de Poisson. Foram analisados 861 indivíduos sem limitação para ABVD na linha de base. As pessoas idosas com multimorbidade (RR = 1,58; IC95%: 1,19-2,10) e classificados nos padrões cardiopulmonar (RR = 2,43; IC95%: 1,77-3,33), vascular-metabólico (RR = 1,50; IC95%: 1,19-1,89) e mental-musculoesquelético (RR = 1,30; IC95%: 1,03-1,65) tiveram maior risco de apresentar declínio funcional nas ABVD no seguimento em comparação aos que não tinham os mesmos padrões de doenças. A multimorbidade e seus padrões aumentaram o risco de incapacidade na pessoa idosa ao longo de nove anos. comunidade Tratase Trata se FIBRA 20082009 2008 2009 (2008-2009 20162017. 20162017 2016 2017 . (2016-2017) (ABVD 1 (1 2 (2 3 (3 vascularmetabólico vascular metabólico 4 (4 mentalmusculoesquelético. mentalmusculoesquelético mental musculoesquelético. musculoesquelético utilizouse utilizou quiquadrado qui quadrado Poisson 86 RR 1,58 158 58 IC95% IC95 IC 1,192,10 119210 1,19 2,10 19 10 1,19-2,10 2,43 243 43 1,773,33, 177333 1,77 3,33 , 77 33 1,77-3,33) 1,50 150 50 1,191,89 119189 1,89 89 1,19-1,89 1,30 130 30 1,031,65 103165 1,03 1,65 03 65 1,03-1,65 anos 2008200 200 (2008-200 2016201 201 (2016-2017 ( 8 1,5 15 5 IC9 192 1,192,1 11921 119 1,1 210 2,1 1,19-2,1 2,4 24 773 1,773,33 17733 177 1,7 333 3,3 7 1,77-3,33 191 1,191,8 11918 189 1,8 1,19-1,8 1,3 13 031 1,031,6 10316 103 1,0 165 1,6 0 6 1,03-1,6 200820 20 (2008-20 201620 (2016-201 1, 1,192, 1192 11 21 2, 1,19-2, 1,773,3 1773 17 3, 1,77-3,3 1,191, 1191 18 1,19-1, 1,031, 1031 16 1,03-1, 20082 (2008-2 20162 (2016-20 1,192 1,19-2 1,773, 1,77-3, 1,191 1,19-1 1,031 1,03-1 (2008- (2016-2 1,19- 1,773 1,77-3 1,03- (2008 (2016- 1,77- (200 (2016 (20 (201

Resumo O objetivo foi avaliar a influência da multimorbidade e seus padrões nas atividades básicas de vida diária da pessoa idosa residente na comunidade. Trata-se de estudo de coorte com dados provenientes do Estudo FIBRA, linha de base (2008-2009) e seguimento (2016-2017). As atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVD) foram avaliadas pelo questionário de Katz e as doenças crônicas foram classificadas como (1) multimorbidade e padrões de multimorbidade: (2) cardiopulmonar; (3) vascular-metabólico; e (4) mental-musculoesquelético. Para a análise de dados, utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado e a regressão de Poisson. Foram analisados 861 indivíduos sem limitação para ABVD na linha de base. As pessoas idosas com multimorbidade (RR = 1,58; IC95%: 1,19-2,10) e classificados nos padrões cardiopulmonar (RR = 2,43; IC95%: 1,77-3,33), vascular-metabólico (RR = 1,50; IC95%: 1,19-1,89) e mental-musculoesquelético (RR = 1,30; IC95%: 1,03-1,65) tiveram maior risco de apresentar declínio funcional nas ABVD no seguimento em comparação aos que não tinham os mesmos padrões de doenças. A multimorbidade e seus padrões aumentaram o risco de incapacidade na pessoa idosa ao longo de nove anos.

Abstract The scope of this article was to evaluate the influence of multimorbidity and associated effects on the activities in the day-to-day lives of community-dwelling elderly individuals. It involved a cohort study with data from the FIBRA Study, the baseline (2008-2009) and follow-up (2016-2017). The basic activities in daily living (ADL) were evaluated using Katz’s index, and the chronic diseases were classified as: (1) multimorbidity and multimorbidity patterns; (2) cardiopulmonary; (3) vascular-metabolic; and (4) mental-musculoskeletal. The chi-square test and Poisson regression data were used for analysis. A total of 861 older adults with no functional dependency at baseline were analyzed. Elderly individuals with multimorbidity (RR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.19-2.10) and classified according to cardiopulmonary (RR = 2.43; 95%CI: 1.77-3.33), vascular-metabolic (RR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.19-1.89) and mental-musculoskeletal (RR = 1.30; 95%CI: 1.03-1.65) had a higher risk of presenting functional decline in ADL in the follow-up compared to those who didn’t have the same disease patterns. Multimorbidity and its patterns increased the risk of functional disability in older adults over the nine-year period.

RESUMO A produção de suínos confinados gera efluentes que quando aplicados no solo servem como fonte de fertilizante e quando aplicados sem tratamento adequado alteram a qualidade ambiental. Estes dejetos contêm elementos potenciais contaminantes cuja aplicação excessiva gera acúmulo de materiais e podem ocasionar efeitos tóxicos para as plantas, como na germinação de sementes. Neste estudo objetivou-se analisar o efeito de doses de dejetos líquidos de suínos (DLS) sobre a germinação de três culturas de grãos de interesse agrícola. Os ensaios foram realizados em condições de laboratório com sementes de soja, trigo e milho, que foram dispostas em placas de Petri, na quantidade de dez sementes por placa. Foram aplicadas doses tratamentos de DLS, caracterizado quimicamente, correspondentes a 0, 1,4 e 2,1 xDP (vezes a Dose Padrão) m³ ha-1 com três repetições. As placas foram colocadas na BOD em temperatura 24 0C. Os dados obtidos foram analisados pelo teste de Tukey (5%). Aos sete dias do início do ensaio foi determinada a porcentagem de germinação. O DLS possui em sua composição alguns elementos potenciais contaminantes, como o cobre, o zinco e o amônio, os quais podem ocasionar prejuízos na germinação de diversas culturas, sobretudo com exposição direta das sementes nas placas de Petri. As sementes de soja e trigo sofreram efeito negativo da aplicação de DLS apresentando redução na taxa de germinação com o uso de 1,4 e 2,1 xDP m³ ha-1. A aplicação do equivalente a 1,4 e 2,1 xDP m³ ha-1 de DLS não afetaram significativamente a germinação de sementes de milho.

ABSTRACT Pig production generates effluents that, when applied to the soil, serve as a source of fertilizer and, when applied without adequate treatment, alter the environmental quality. These wastes contain potential contaminating elements whose excessive application generates an accumulation of materials and can cause toxic effects for plants, such as seed germination. This study aimed to analyze the effect of doses of pig slurry (SP) on seed germination of three grain crops of agricultural interest. The assays were carried out under laboratory conditions with soybean, wheat, and corn seeds placed in Petri dishes, with ten seeds per dish. SP doses/treatments, chemically characterized, corresponding to 0, 1,4, and 2,1 tSD (times the Standard Dose) m³ ha-1 were applied with three replicates. The plates were placed in the BOD at temperature 24°C. The data obtained were analyzed using the Tukey test (5%). Seven days from the beginning of the trial, the percentage of germination was determined. SP has in its composition some potential contaminating elements, such as copper, zinc, and ammonium, which can cause damage to the germination of several cultures, especially with direct exposure of the seeds in Petri dishes. Soybean and wheat seeds were significantly affected by the application of SP, showing a reduction in the germination rate with the use of 100 and 150 m³ ha-1. The application of the equivalent of 1,4, and 2,1 tSD m³ ha-1 of SP did not significantly affect the germination of maize seeds.