A gravidez na adolescência é um problema significativo de saúde pública no Brasil, contribuindo para altas taxas de morbimortalidade entre mulheres jovens. Durante a gestação, muitas adolescentes abandonam a escola e o trabalho, o que resulta em menor qualificação e maior vulnerabilidade ao mercado de trabalho informal. Além disso, as adolescentes grávidas enfrentam riscos elevados de complicações gestacionais e desafios emocionais, como ansiedade e depressão. A pandemia exacerbou essas vulnerabilidades, especialmente em relação ao abuso doméstico, devido ao isolamento social. Este estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de compreender o perfil demográfico e as características das parturientes adolescentes no Ceará entre 2020 e 2022, oferecendo subsídios para políticas públicas que visem melhorar a qualidade de vida dessas jovens e de seus filhos. Todos os dados foram analisados utilizando R. Durante o período analisado, foram registrados 331.924 nascimentos vivos no Ceará, dos quais 21.667 (6,53%) eram de mães com idade igual ou inferior a 17 anos. A idade média das mães adolescentes foi de 15,93 ± 1,11 anos, enquanto a média para as mães adultas foi de 28,00 ± 6,21 anos, evidenciando uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (Teste-t de Student, P < 0,05). A análise também revelou uma diferença significativa entre a idade dos pais de crianças nascidas de mães adolescentes (22,25 ± 5,72 anos) em comparação à idade dos pais de crianças nascidas de mães adultas (32,45 ± 7,81 anos) (Figura 3, Teste-T, P < 0,05). No que se refere à etnia, adolescentes indígenas representaram 9,95% dos casos de gravidez, seguidas pelas adolescentes pardas (7,26%) e pretas (5,9%). A menor proporção foi observada entre adolescentes brancas (4,43%). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos indígenas, pardas, pretas e a população amarela. Quanto ao estado civil, 71% das adolescentes se declararam solteiras. A análise educacional demonstrou uma tendência significativa de gravidez entre adolescentes com Ensino Fundamental II incompleto, completo, ou Ensino Médio incompleto, indicando que essas jovens ainda estavam em fase de conclusão desses ciclos escolares. Não foi observada uma relação significativa entre a redução da idade materna e a diminuição do escore APGAR em recém-nascidos (APGAR = 0,014 × “IDADE DA MÃE” + 8,5; P < 0,05, R² = 0,0004). Além disso, não houve diferença significativa na proporção de anomalias congênitas entre os nascimentos de mães adolescentes e adultas.

El embarazo en la adolescencia es un problema significativo de salud pública en Brasil, que contribuye a altas tasas de morbimortalidad entre las mujeres jóvenes. Durante el embarazo, muchas adolescentes abandonan la escuela y el trabajo, lo que resulta en menor calificación y mayor vulnerabilidad en el mercado laboral informal. Además, las adolescentes embarazadas enfrentan mayores riesgos de complicaciones gestacionales y desafíos emocionales, como ansiedad y depresión. La pandemia exacerbó estas vulnerabilidades, especialmente en relación con el abuso doméstico, debido al aislamiento social. Este estudio se justifica por la necesidad de comprender el perfil demográfico y las características de las madres adolescentes en Ceará entre 2020 y 2022, ofreciendo apoyo para políticas públicas que busquen mejorar la calidad de vida de estas jóvenes y sus hijos. Todos los datos fueron analizados utilizando R. Durante el período analizado, se registraron 331.924 nacimientos vivos en Ceará, de los cuales 21.667 (6,53%) eran de madres de 17 años o menos. La edad promedio de las madres adolescentes fue de 15,93 ± 1,11 años, mientras que la media para las madres adultas fue de 28,00 ± 6,21 años, evidenciando una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (Prueba t de Student, P < 0,05). El análisis también reveló una diferencia significativa entre la edad de los padres de niños nacidos de madres adolescentes (22,25 ± 5,72 años) en comparación con la edad de los padres de niños nacidos de madres adultas (32,45 ± 7,81 años) (Prueba de Wilcoxon, P < 0,05). En cuanto a la etnia, las adolescentes indígenas representaron el 9,95% de los casos de embarazo, seguidas por las adolescentes mestizas (7,26%) y negras (5,9%). La menor proporción se observó entre las adolescentes blancas (4,43%). No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos indígenas, mestizas, negras y la población amarilla. En cuanto al estado civil, el 71% de las adolescentes se declararon solteras. El análisis educativo demostró una tendencia significativa de embarazo entre adolescentes con secundaria incompleta o completa, o educación media incompleta, lo que indica que estas jóvenes aún estaban en proceso de completar estos niveles educativos. No se observó una relación significativa entre la disminución de la edad materna y la reducción de la puntuación APGAR en los recién nacidos (APGAR = 0,014 × "EDAD DE LA MADRE" + 8,5; P < 0,05, R² = 0,0004). Además, no hubo diferencia significativa en la proporción de anomalías congénitas entre los nacimientos de madres adolescentes y adultas.

Adolescent pregnancy is a significant public health issue in Brazil, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates among young women. During pregnancy, many adolescents drop out of school and work, leading to lower qualifications and increased vulnerability to the informal labor market. Moreover, pregnant adolescents face higher risks of gestational complications and emotional challenges, such as anxiety and depression. The pandemic exacerbated these vulnerabilities, particularly concerning domestic abuse, due to social isolation. This study is justified by the need to understand the demographic profile and characteristics of adolescent mothers in Ceará between 2020 and 2022, providing support for public policies aimed at improving the quality of life for these young women and their children. All data were analyzed using R. During the analyzed period, 331,924 live births were recorded in Ceará, of which 21,667 (6.53%) were from mothers aged 17 years or younger. The average age of adolescent mothers was 15.93 ± 1.11 years, while the average for adult mothers was 28.00 ± 6.21 years, showing a statistically significant difference (Student's t-test, P < 0.05). The analysis also revealed a significant difference between the age of fathers of children born to adolescent mothers (22.25 ± 5.72 years) compared to the age of fathers of children born to adult mothers (32.45 ± 7.81 years) (Wicoxon test, P < 0.05). Regarding ethnicity, indigenous adolescents accounted for 9.95% of pregnancy cases, followed by brown (7.26%) and black (5.9%) adolescents. The lowest proportion was observed among white adolescents (4.43%). There was no statistically significant difference among indigenous, mixed-race, black, and yellow populations. Concerning marital status, 71% of adolescents declared themselves single. Educational analysis showed a significant trend of pregnancy among adolescents with incomplete or complete middle school or incomplete high school education, indicating that these young women were still in the process of completing these educational levels. There was no significant relationship between decreasing maternal age and a reduction in newborns' APGAR scores (APGAR = 0.014 × "MOTHER'S AGE" + 8.5; P < 0.05, R² = 0.0004). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the proportion of congenital anomalies between births of adolescent and adult mothers.

ABSTRACT Salt stress hampers the growth and physiology of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), due to biochemical, physiological, and anatomical disruptions. The application of salicylic acid stands as an alternative to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress, but studies on nasturtium are scarce. Thus, the aim of present study was to assess the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on nasturtium cultivated under salt stress. The experiment followed a completely randomized design in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with 0 (no stress), 50 (moderate salt stress), and 100 (severe salt stress) mM of NaCl, and application of 0, 0.5, and 1 mM of salicylic acid, each with six replications. Growth (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves), gas exchange (stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic carboxylation efficiency), as well as chlorophyll indices and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated. Salt stress affected the variables analyzed in this study. The application of salicylic acid had a positive effect on mitigating the effects of severe salt stress, resulting in a significant increase in the number of leaves. The most effective dose was 1 mM, also leading to notable improvements in water use efficiency and photochemical efficiency. However, other combinations of salinity and salicylic acid reduced growth and gas exchange in nasturtium plants. Tropaeolum majus, majus , majus) biochemical physiological disruptions scarce Thus scheme no 5 moderate 10 NaCl 05 0.5 replications plant height diameter leaves, leaves leaves) stomatal conductance photosynthesis transpiration CO concentration efficiency) evaluated However plants 0.

RESUMO O estresse salino limita o crescimento e a fisiologia da capuchinha (Tropaeolum majus), devido a distúrbios bioquímicos, fisiológicos e anatômicos. A aplicação de ácido salicílico é uma alternativa para mitigar os efeitos prejudiciais do estresse salino, no entanto, em capuchinha os estudos são escassos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de ácido salicílico via foliar em capuchinha cultivada sob estresse salino. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3, referente a 0 (sem estresse) 50 (estresse salino moderado) e 100 (estresse salino severo) mM de NaCl e aplicação de 0, 0,5 e 1 mM de ácido salicílico, com seis repetições. O crescimento (altura de planta, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas), trocas gasosas (condutância estomática, fotossíntese, transpiração, concentração interna de CO2, eficiência intrínseca do uso da água, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência intrínseca de carboxilação) e os índices de clorofila e fluorescência da clorofila a foram avaliados. O estresse salino afetou as variáveis analisadas neste estudo. A aplicação de ácido salicílico teve um efeito positivo na mitigação dos efeitos do estresse salino severo, resultando em um aumento significativo no número de folhas, sendo a dose mais eficaz a concentração de 1 mM, levando ainda, a melhorias notáveis na eficiência no uso da água e na eficiência fotoquímica. No entanto, as demais combinações de salinidade e ácido salicílico reduziram o crescimento e as trocas gasosas nas plantas de capuchinha. Tropaeolum majus, majus , majus) bioquímicos anatômicos entanto escassos Assim objetivouse objetivou se casualizado sem 5 moderado 10 severo 05 repetições altura planta folhas folhas) condutância estomática fotossíntese transpiração CO2 CO carboxilação avaliados estudo ainda fotoquímica

ABSTRACT: This study recorded the physicochemical properties of the marula fruits, the biometry and breaking the dormancy in the marula seeds. Using 200 ripe fruits, the physicochemical characterization was done. From a random sample of 400 seeds, an assessment of the biometrics was performed, and the weight, length, width and thickness of the fruits and seeds were evaluated. Two experiments were conducted to study dormancy breaking using pre-germination treatments, which included immersing the marula seeds five times (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) in concentrated sulfuric acid (96%) and water, at 65 ºC temperature. The control was time zero, using plain distilled water, with 25 seeds per treatment and four replications. The marula fruits revealed average values of 21.65 ± 3.44 g, 35.5 ± 2.38 and 34.8 ± 2.73, respectively, for weight, diameter and length. The soluble solids (SS), Hydrogenonic Potential (pH), titratable acidity (AT) and ratio (AT/SS) were 14.74 ± 1.0º Brix, 3.93 ± 0.49 pH, 0.63 ± 0.22 and 27.07 ± 12.10, respectively. For the weight of one thousand seeds, the average value was 3.576 ± 188.4 g. The mean values for the dimensions of the width, length and diameter of the seeds were 22.9 ± 2.11; 23.7 ± 2.04; and 14.9 ± 2.09 mm, respectively. The physiological quality of these seeds was enhanced by immersing the seeds from freshly picked fruits in sulfuric acid for a maximum of 30 minutes and storing them for six months. ABSTRACT 20 done 40 performed evaluated pregermination pre germination treatments 0, 0 (0 15 4 6 96% 96 (96% water temperature zero 2 replications 2165 21 21.6 344 3 44 3.4 g 355 35 5 35. 238 38 2.3 348 34 8 34. 273 73 2.73 respectively SS, SS , (SS) pH (pH) AT (AT AT/SS ATSS (AT/SS 1474 14 74 14.7 10º º 1 0º Brix 393 93 3.9 049 49 0.4 063 63 0.6 022 22 0.2 2707 27 07 27.0 1210 12 10 12.10 3576 576 3.57 1884 188 188. 229 9 22. 2.11 211 11 237 23 7 23. 2.04 204 04 149 14. 209 09 2.0 mm months ( (96 216 21. 3. 2. 2.7 (SS (pH 147 39 0. 06 02 270 27. 121 12.1 357 57 3.5 18 2.1 (9 12.

RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar as características físico-químicas de frutos, biometria e superação da dormência de sementes de marula. Para a caracterização físico-química foram utilizados 200 frutos maduros. Realizou-se a biometria utilizando uma amostra aleatória de 400 sementes e foram avaliados: peso, comprimento, largura e espessura de frutos e sementes. Para o estudo da superação de dormência foram realizados dois experimentos com os tratamentos pré-germinativos constituídos pela imersão das sementes em ácido sulfúrico concentrado (96%) e água a temperatura de 65 ºC por cinco tempos (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 minutos), sendo o tempo zero a testemunha, onde utilizou-se apenas água destilada, com quatro repetições de 25 sementes por tratamento. Os frutos de marula apresentaram valores médios de 21,65 ± 3,44 g, 35,5±2,38 e 34,8±2,73 mm de peso, diâmetro e comprimento, respectivamente e sólidos solúveis (SS), Potencial Hidrogeniônico ( pH), acidez titulável (AT) e ratio (AT/SS) foram de 14,74 ± 1,0 ºBrix, 3,93 ± 0,49 pH, 0,63 ± 0,22 e 27,07 ± 12,10 respectivamente. As sementes apresentaram valores médios de 3.576 ± 188,4 g para o peso de mil sementes. Para as dimensões, largura, comprimento e diâmetro de sementes, apresentaram valores médios de 22,9 ± 2,11; 23,7 ± 2,04; e 14,9 ± 2,09 mm respectivamente. A imersão das sementes procedentes de frutos recém colhidos em ácido sulfúrico por até 30 minutos e o armazenamento por seismeses promove incrementos na sua qualidade fisiológica. RESUMO Objetivouse Objetivou se físicoquímicas físico químicas físicoquímica química 20 maduros Realizouse Realizou 40 avaliados prégerminativos pré germinativos 96% 96 (96% 6 0, 0 (0 15 4 minutos, , minutos) testemunha utilizouse utilizou destilada 2 tratamento 2165 21 21,6 344 3 44 3,4 355238 35 5 38 35,5±2,3 348273 34 8 73 34,8±2,7 SS, SS (SS) pH pH) AT (AT AT/SS ATSS (AT/SS 1474 14 74 14,7 10 1 1, ºBrix 393 93 3,9 049 49 0,4 063 63 0,6 022 22 0,2 2707 27 07 27,0 1210 12 12,1 3576 576 3.57 1884 188 188, dimensões 229 9 22, 2,11 211 11 237 23 7 23, 2,04 204 04 149 14, 209 09 2,0 fisiológica (96 216 21, 3, 35523 35,5±2, 34827 34,8±2, (SS 147 39 06 02 270 27, 121 12, 357 57 3.5 18 2,1 2, (9 3552 35,5±2 3482 34,8±2 3. 355 35,5± 348 34,8± 35,5 34,8 35, 34,

Abstract Objective Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction and by restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. Some studies have shown that substances derived from Cannabis sativa improve the quality of life of children with ASD without causing serious adverse effects, thus providing an alternative therapeutic option. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a cannabis extract rich in cannabidiol (CBD) in children with ASD. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 children, aged from 5 to 11 years, were selected and divided into two groups: the treatment group, which received the CBD-rich cannabis extract, and the control group, which received the placebo. They both used their respective products for a period of 12 weeks. Statistical analysis was done by two-factor mixed analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA). Results Significant results were found for social interaction (F1,116 = 14.13, p = 0.0002), anxiety (F1,116 = 5.99, p = 0.016), psychomotor agitation (F1,116 = 9.22, p = 0.003), number of meals a day (F1,116 = 4.11, p = 0.04), and concentration (F1,48 = 6.75, p = 0.01), the last of which was only significant in mild ASD cases. Regarding safety, it was found that only three children in the treatment group (9.7%) had adverse effects, namely dizziness, insomnia, colic, and weight gain. Conclusion CBD-rich cannabis extract was found to improve one of the diagnostic criteria for ASD (social interaction), as well as features that often co-exist with ASD, and to have few serious adverse effects. (ASD behavior effects option CBD (CBD randomized doubleblind, doubleblind double blind, blind double-blind placebocontrolled placebo controlled trial 6 1 years groups CBDrich weeks twofactor factor twoway way ANOVA. ANOVA . ANOVA) F1,116 F1116 F F1 116 (F1,11 1413 14 13 14.13 0.0002, 00002 0.0002 , 0 0002 0.0002) 599 99 5.99 0.016, 0016 0.016 016 0.016) 922 9 22 9.22 0.003, 0003 0.003 003 0.003) 411 4 4.11 0.04, 004 0.04 04 0.04) F1,48 F148 48 (F1,4 675 75 6.75 0.01, 001 0.01 01 0.01) cases 9.7% 97 7 (9.7% dizziness insomnia colic gain interaction, interaction) coexist co exist F1,11 F111 (F1,1 141 14.1 0000 0.000 000 59 5.9 92 2 9.2 0.00 00 41 4.1 0.0 F1,4 F14 (F1, 67 6.7 9.7 (9.7 F1,1 F11 14. 5. 9. 4. 0. F1, (F1 6. (9. (F (9 (

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate thermonarcosis as a stunning method for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its effect on the pH and total volatile basic nitrogen in the frozen fillets. For evaluation, 60 animals were divided into six temperature ranges: 0‒1ºC, 1‒2ºC, 2‒3ºC, 3‒4ºC, 4‒5ºC, and 5‒6ºC. A stunning tank with a mixture of water and ice (1:1) was used. The temperature was monitored constantly, and ice was added as needed to maintain the different temperature ranges. The fish subjected to 0‒3ºC were desensitized more quickly, in 270.3 s. There was no change in the characteristics of the fillets regarding the values of pH (6.86 to 7.00) and total volatile nitrogen bases (6.36 to 8.61 mg 100 g-1 N), both in accordance with the stipulated by the current Brazilian legislation. As a stunning method, thermonarcosis is efficient at a temperature from 0-3ºC and does not affect the quality of the frozen fillets of Nile tilapia. Oreochromis niloticus evaluation 6 ranges 01ºC ºC 0 1ºC 0‒1ºC 12ºC 1 2ºC 1‒2ºC 23ºC 2 3ºC 2‒3ºC 34ºC 3 4ºC 3‒4ºC 45ºC 4 5ºC 4‒5ºC 56ºC 5 6ºC 5‒6ºC 11 (1:1 used constantly 03ºC quickly 2703 270 270. s 6.86 686 86 (6.8 7.00 700 7 00 6.36 636 36 (6.3 861 8 61 8.6 10 g1 g g- N, N , N) legislation (1: 27 6.8 68 (6. 7.0 70 6.3 63 8. (1 6. (6 7. (

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a termonarcose como método de insensibilização em tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) e seu efeito sobre o pH e as bases nitrogenadas voláteis totais no filé congelado. Para avaliação, 60 animais foram divididos em seis faixas de temperatura: 0‒1ºC, 1‒2ºC, 2‒3ºC, 3‒4ºC, 4‒5ºC e 5‒6ºC. Utilizou-se um tanque de insensibilização com uma mistura de água e gelo (1:1). A temperatura foi monitorada constantemente, e gelo foi adicionado sempre que necessário para manter as diferentes faixas de temperatura. Os peixes submetidos à 0-3ºC perderam os sinais de sensibilidade mais rapidamente, em 270,3 s. Não houve alteração das características dos filés quanto aos valores de pH (6,86 a 7,00) e das bases nitrogenadas voláteis totais (6,36 a 8,61 mg 100 g-1 de N), ambos de acordo com o estipulado pela legislação vigente no Brasil. Como método de insensibilização, a termonarcose é eficaz à temperatura de 0-3ºC e não afeta a qualidade do filé congelado de tilápia-do-nilo. tilápiadonilo tilápia nilo Oreochromis niloticus avaliação 6 01ºC ºC 0 1ºC 0‒1ºC 12ºC 1 2ºC 1‒2ºC 23ºC 2 3ºC 2‒3ºC 34ºC 3 4ºC 3‒4ºC 45ºC 4 5ºC 56ºC 5 6ºC 5‒6ºC Utilizouse Utilizou se 11. 11 . (1:1) constantemente 03ºC rapidamente 2703 270 270, s 6,86 686 86 (6,8 7,00 700 7 00 6,36 636 36 (6,3 861 8 61 8,6 10 g1 g g- N, N , N) Brasil tilápiadonilo. nilo. (1:1 27 6,8 68 (6, 7,0 70 6,3 63 8, (1: 6, (6 7, (1 (

Abstract Objective the aim of this study was to analyze the influence of ozone therapy (OZN) on peri-implant bone repair in critical bones by installing osseointegrated implants in the tibia of ovariectomized rats. Methodology ovariectomy was performed on 30 Wistar rats, aged six months (Rattus novergicus), and, after 90 days, osseointegrated implants were installed in each tibial metaphysis. The study groups were divided into the animals that received intraperitoneal ozone at a concentration of 700 mcg/kg — OZ Group (n=15) — and a control group that received an intraperitoneal saline solution and, for this reason, was named the SAL group (n=15). The applications for both groups occurred during the immediate post-operative period on the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th day post-surgery. At various stages (14, 42, and 60 days), the animals were euthanized, and tests were performed on their tibiae. These tests include histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses, computerized microtomography, sampling in light-cured resin for calcified sections, and confocal microscopy. The obtained data were then analyzed using One-way ANOVA and the Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, and student t-tests (P<0.05). Results our findings indicate that the OZ group (3.26±0.20 mm) showed better cellular organization and bone neoformation at 14 days (SAL group, 0.90±1.42 mm) (P=0.001). Immunohistochemistry revealed that osteocalcin labeling was moderate in the OZ group and mild in the SAL group at 14 and 42 days post-surgery. The data from the analysis of calcified tissues (microtomography, histometric, and bone dynamism analysis) at 60 days showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (P=0.32). Conclusion it was concluded that ozone therapy anticipated the initial phases of the peri-implant bone repair process. OZN (OZN periimplant peri implant rats 3 Rattus novergicus, novergicus , novergicus) 9 metaphysis 70 mcgkg mcg kg n=15 n15 n 15 (n=15 reason n=15. . postoperative post operative 2nd nd 4th th 6th 8th 10th postsurgery. postsurgery surgery. surgery post-surgery 14, (14 6 days) euthanized tibiae analyses microtomography lightcured light cured sections microscopy Oneway One way ShapiroWilk, ShapiroWilk Shapiro Wilk, Wilk Shapiro-Wilk KruskalWallis, KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis, Wallis Kruskal-Wallis ttests t P<0.05. P005 P P<0.05 0 05 (P<0.05) 3.26±0.20 326020 26 20 (3.26±0.2 mm 1 090142 0.90±1.4 P=0.001. P0001 P=0.001 001 (P=0.001) 4 (microtomography histometric P=0.32. P032 P=0.32 32 (P=0.32) process 7 n=1 n1 (n=1 (1 P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 3.26±0.2 32602 2 (3.26±0. 09014 0.90±1. P000 P=0.00 00 (P=0.001 P03 P=0.3 (P=0.32 n= (n= ( P0 P<0. (P<0.0 3.26±0. 3260 (3.26±0 0901 0.90±1 P=0.0 (P=0.00 P=0. (P=0.3 (n P<0 (P<0. 3.26±0 326 (3.26± 090 0.90± (P=0.0 P=0 (P=0. P< (P<0 3.26± (3.26 09 0.90 P= (P=0 (P< 3.26 (3.2 0.9 (P= (P 3.2 (3. 0. 3. (3

Abstract This article presents a parametric numerical study of the pullout behavior of headed bars embedded in concrete elements. The finite element model was developed using Abaqus software and validated to simulate the behavior of four pullout tests. The numerical results were validated against the experimental results and showed excellent agreement with the load-slip response and failure modes. Furthermore, a parametric numerical study with 23 simulations was planned to explore the influence of several variables on concrete cone failure, including concrete strength, flexural reinforcement ratio, geometry and head size, shaft diameter, and edge and group effects. The ultimate load results, failure modes, and influence on ultimate load are discussed. elements tests loadslip slip modes Furthermore 2 strength ratio size diameter effects discussed

Abstract Objective This study evaluated the epidemiological data and functional outcomes from patients with concomitant distal radial and scaphoid fractures treated in a single center specialized in hand surgery. Functional outcomes analysis used validated instruments. Methods Patients diagnosed with distal radial and scaphoid fractures treated from January 2011 to December 2021 underwent assessments using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, goniometry, radiographic consolidation, and complications six months after surgery. Results The study included 23 patients, 73.9% men and 26.1% women. Most (56.5%) fractures occurred on the right side, and 43.5% happened on the left side. Treatment of most (56%) distal radial fractures used a locked volar plate. Functional assessment by PRWE resulted in a mean score of 35.9 points (range, 14 to 71 points), while DASH showed a mean score of 37.8 points (range, 12 to 78 points). The mean VAS was 2.33 during activities (range, 0.6 to 6.2). Conclusion Distal radial fractures associated with scaphoid fractures resulted from high-energy trauma, and most patients were males. There was a low rate of complications with surgical treatment, and the patients had satisfactory functional evolution with a low level of pain. surgery instruments 201 202 Arm DASH, , (DASH) PatientRated Patient Rated PRWE, (PRWE) (VAS pain goniometry consolidation 2 739 73 9 73.9 261 26 1 26.1 women 56.5% 565 56 5 (56.5% side 435 43 43.5 56% (56% plate 359 35 35. range, range (range 7 points, points) 378 37 8 37. points. . 233 33 2.3 06 0 6 0. 6.2. 62 6.2 6.2) highenergy high energy trauma males treatment 20 (DASH (PRWE 73. 26. 56.5 (56.5 4 43. (56 3 2. 6. 56. (56. (5 (

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os resultados epidemiológicos e funcionais dos pacientes que apresentaram fraturas concomitantes do rádio distal e do escafoide e foram tratados em um único centro especializado em cirurgia da mão, através de instrumentos validados para analisar os desfechos funcionais desses pacientes. Métodos Foram avaliados os pacientes com diagnóstico de fratura do rádio distal e escafoide tratados de janeiro de 2011 até dezembro de 2021, através dos questionários Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) e Escala Visual Analógica da dor (EVA); goniometria; consolidação radiográfica; complicações em seis meses de pós-operatório. Resultados Vinte e três pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, sendo 73,9% homens e 26,1% mulheres; 56,5% das fraturas ocorreram à direita e 43,5% à esquerda. A maioria das fraturas do rádio distal foi tratada com placa volar bloqueada, totalizando 56%. Na avaliação funcional pelo PRWE, obteve-se média de 35,9 pontos (variação de 14 a 71 pontos) e pelo DASH média de 37,8 pontos (variação de 12 a 78 pontos). A EVA apresentou uma média de 2,33 durante a atividade (variação de 0,6 a 6,2). Conclusão Verificou-se que as fraturas do rádio distal associadas a fraturas do escafoide foram causadas por traumas de alta energia, com o sexo masculino mais acometido. Houve baixo índice de complicações com tratamento cirúrgico e os pacientes tiveram evolução funcional satisfatória, com baixo índice de dor. mão 201 2021 Arm DASH, , (DASH) PRWE (PRWE (EVA) goniometria radiográfica pósoperatório. pósoperatório pós operatório. operatório pós-operatório estudo 739 73 9 73,9 261 26 1 26,1 mulheres 565 56 5 56,5 435 43 43,5 esquerda bloqueada 56% obtevese obteve se 359 35 35, variação 7 378 37 8 37, pontos. . 233 2 33 2,3 06 0 6 0, 6,2. 62 6,2 6,2) Verificouse Verificou energia acometido satisfatória 20 202 (DASH (EVA 73, 26, 56, 4 43, 3 23 2, 6,

ABSTRACT: In irrigated systems, the adoption of management methods like soil cover, polymers which absorb the water present in the soil and the utilization of shading screens can decrease the water consumption by the plants. This is achieved as these means protect the plant and soil against radiation and wavelengths of light undesirable for cultivation. However, for pineapple cultivation in the semi-arid climate regions, very little study has been done regarding these technologies. Hence, the present study conducted to assess the pineapple growth, production and quality when various kinds of soil cover, red shading screen and water absorption polymers are employed. To accomplish this, a field trial was performed utilizing four types of soil cover in the plots (plastic mulching; organic matter; organic matter + red shading screen 50%; plastic mulching + red shading screen 50% and the control (no cover).Two treatments were included in the subplots namely, either the absence or presence of a water-absorbing polymer in the planting hole (0.5 g per plant), arranged in subdivided plots. We adopted the Randomized Complete Block (RCB) , with three replications. The following aspects of the plants were studied: naturally flowering, stem diameter; leaf area index; D-leaf area and total leaf area; fruit weight with crown; fruit weight without crown; fruit length with crown; and fruit length without crown, as well as the traits of the post-harvest fruit, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH and the soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio. Further, the productivity in t ha-1 and efficiency of water use (EUA) were ascertained. It was evident that the plastic mulching + 50% red shading screen favored the vegetative development and productivity of the ‘IAC Fantástico’ pineapple plants. The characteristics of the quality of the postharvest fruit were unaffected by the treatments. The shading screen reduced the percentages of natural flowering in the treatments which included organic matter + red shading screen 50% and plastic mulching + red shading screen 50%. ABSTRACT systems However semiarid semi arid regions technologies Hence growth employed this 50 no cover.Two coverTwo .Two Two namely waterabsorbing absorbing 0.5 05 0 5 (0. plant, plant) RCB (RCB replications studied diameter index Dleaf D crown post harvest solids solidstitratable ratio Further ha1 ha 1 ha- EUA (EUA ascertained IAC Fantástico 0. (0 (

RESUMO: A utilização de práticas de manejo com cobertura do solo, uso de polímeros de absorção de água no solo e telas de sombreamento podem diminuir o consumo de água em sistemas irrigados, por proporcionarem proteção da planta e solo contra a presença de radiação e comprimentos de onda (luz) indesejados para o cultivo, no entanto essas tecnologias são pouco estudadas no cultivo de abacaxizeiro em regiões de clima semiárido. Assim, o trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento, produção e qualidade do abacaxizeiro em resposta a utilização de diferentes tipos de cobertura de solo, tela de sombreamento vermelha e polímeros de absorção água. Para isso, desenvolveu-se ensaio de campo composto por quatro coberturas de solo nas parcelas (mulching plástico; matéria orgânica; matéria orgânica + tela de sombreamento vermelha 50%; mulching plástico + tela de sombramento vermelha 50% e o controle (sem cobertura) com dois tratamentos nas subparcelas referentes a ausência e presença de polímero absorvedor de água colocado na cova de plantio (0,5 g por planta), dispostos em parcelas subdivididas, no delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Foram avaliadas a porcentagem de plantas com florescimento natural; diâmetro do talo; índice de área foliar; área foliar de folha D e área foliar total; peso do fruto com coroa; peso do fruto sem coroa; comprimento do fruto com coroa; e comprimento do fruto sem coroa, bem como as características pós-colheita de frutos, sendo sólidos solúveis; acidez titulável; pH e relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável. Foram determinadas a produtividade em t ha-1 e eficiência do uso da água (EUA). O mulching plástico + tela de sombramento vermelha 50% apresentou-se mais favorável ao desenvolvimento vegetativo e produtividade das plantas de abacaxizeiro ‘IAC Fantátisco’. Os tratamentos não influenciaram nas características de qualidade pós-colheita de frutos. A tela de sombreamento proporcionou menores porcentagens de florescimento natural nos tratamentos matéria orgânica + tela de sombreamento vermelha 50% e mulching plástico + tela de sombreamento vermelha 50%. RESUMO irrigados luz (luz semiárido Assim crescimento isso desenvolveuse desenvolveu se 50 0,5 05 0 5 (0, planta, , planta) subdivididas acaso repetições talo total coroa póscolheita pós colheita frutos solúveis titulável solúveisacidez ha1 ha 1 ha- EUA. EUA . (EUA) apresentouse apresentou IAC Fantátisco. Fantátisco Fantátisco’ 0, (0 (EUA (

Abstract Objective To analyze the stigma evidenced in doctors’ and nurses’ perception regarding prenatal care for transgender men. Methods A qualitative study developed with nine health professionals (six nurses and three doctors) working in Family Health Units in a municipality in Bahia. In-depth interviews were carried out, subjected to reflective thematic analysis and interpretation based on the theory of social stigma and the concept of cisheteronormativity. Results Two topics were derived that explained the establishment of labels and stereotypes on the body, mind and gender identity of pregnant trans men: professional (un)preparedness and distancing from cisheteronormative demands and perspectives for prenatal care for trans men. Elements of stigma observed were distance, labels, stereotype, discredit and discrimination. Such elements (stigmatizing perceptions) manifested themselves within the logic of normality and cisgender equality of trans men’s health needs in the prenatal context. Conclusion There is stigma in doctors’ and nurses’ perception regarding prenatal care for trans men. Stigmatization can negatively impact the quality of prenatal care and trans men’s health and safety in the pregnancy and puerperal cycle, anticipating thoughts, attitudes and practices that contribute to the deterioration of transmasculine identity during pregnancy. doctors men six Bahia Indepth In depth out cisheteronormativity body unpreparedness un preparedness distance stereotype discrimination stigmatizing perceptions mens s context cycle thoughts

Resumen Objetivo Analizar el estigma constatado en las percepciones de médicas y enfermeras sobre el control prenatal de hombres transexuales. Métodos Estudio cualitativo llevado a cabo con nueve profesionales de la salud (seis enfermeras y tres médicas) que trabajan en Unidades de Salud de la familia en un municipio del estado de Bahia. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad, que fueron sometidas al análisis temático reflexivo e interpretación con base en la teoría del estigma y del concepto de cisheteronormatividad. Resultados Se derivaron dos temas que explicitaron el establecimiento de rótulos y estereotipos del cuerpo, mente e identidad de género de hombres trans embarazados: (falta de) preparación profesional y distanciamiento de las demandas y perspectivas cisheteronormativas para el cuidado prenatal de hombres trans. Se constataron los siguientes elementos del estigma: distanciamiento, rótulos, estereotipos, descrédito y discriminación. Tales elementos (las percepciones estigmatizantes) se manifestaron dentro de la lógica de la normalidad y equivalencia cisgénero de las necesidades de salud de los hombres trans en el contexto del control prenatal. Conclusión Existe un estigma en la percepción de médicas y enfermeras sobre el control prenatal de hombres trans. La estigmatización puede impactar negativamente en la calidad del control prenatal y de la salud y seguridad de hombres trans durante el embarazo y el puerperio, y puede anticipar pensamientos, actitudes y prácticas que contribuyen al deterioro de la identidad transmasculina en el embarazo. transexuales seis Bahia profundidad cisheteronormatividad cuerpo embarazados falta discriminación estigmatizantes puerperio pensamientos

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o estigma evidenciado nas percepções de médicas e enfermeiras sobre o pré-natal de homens transexuais. Métodos Estudo qualitativo desenvolvido com nove profissionais de saúde (seis enfermeiras e três médicas) atuantes em Unidades de Saúde da Família em um município na Bahia. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade, submetidas à Análise Temática Reflexiva e interpretação baseada na teoria do estigma e do conceito de cisheteronormatividade. Resultados Foram derivados dois temas que explicitaram o estabelecimento de rótulos e estereótipos ao corpo, mente e identidade de gênero do homem trans grávido: (des)preparo profissional e distanciamento das demandas e perspectivas cisheteronormativas para o cuidado pré-natal de homens trans. Elementos do estigma evidenciados: afastamento, rótulos, estereótipo, descrédito e discriminação. Tais elementos (percepções estigmatizantes) se manifestaram dentro da lógica da normalidade e equiparação cisgênero das necessidades de saúde dos homens trans no contexto pré-natal. Conclusão Há estigma na percepção de médicas e enfermeiras sobre o pré-natal de homens trans. A estigmatização pode impactar negativamente a qualidade do pré-natal e da saúde e segurança de homens trans no ciclo gravídico puerperal, antecipando pensamentos, atitudes e práticas que contribuem para a deteriorar a identidade transmasculina na gestação. prénatal pré natal transexuais seis Bahia profundidade cisheteronormatividade corpo grávido despreparo des preparo evidenciados afastamento estereótipo discriminação estigmatizantes prénatal. natal. puerperal pensamentos gestação

Abstract Background Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide and can be classified into electrophysiological subtypes and clinical variants. Objective This study aimed to compare the frequency of the sural-sparing pattern (SSP) in subtypes and variants of GBS. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed clinical and electrophysiological data of 171 patients with GBS hospitalized in public and private hospitals of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, between 1994 and 2018; all cases were followed up by the same neurologist in a reference neurology center. Patients were classified according to electrophysiological subtypes and clinical variants, and the SSP frequency was compared in both categories. The exact Fisher test and Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis. Results The SSP was present in 53% (57 of 107) of the patients with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), 8% (4 of 48) of the patients with axonal subtypes, and 31% (5 of 16) of the equivocal cases. The SSP frequency in the AIDP was significantly higher than in the axonal subtypes (p < 0.0001); the value was kept high after serial electrophysiological examinations. Only the paraparetic subtype did not present SSP. Conclusion The SSP may be present in AIDP and axonal subtypes, including acute motor axonal neuropathy, but it is significantly more present in AIDP. Moreover, the clinical variants reflect a specific pathological process and are correlated to its typical electrophysiological subtype, affecting the SSP frequency. GuillainBarré Guillain Barré (GBS suralsparing sural sparing (SSP 17 Natal Norte Brazil 199 2018 center categories analysis 53 57 107 AIDP, , (AIDP) 8 4 ( 48 31 5 16 p 0.0001 00001 0 0001 0.0001) examinations neuropathy Moreover 1 19 201 10 (AIDP 3 0.000 0000 000 20 0.00 00 2 0.0 0.

Resumo Antecedentes A síndrome de Guillain-Barré (GBS) é a causa mais comum de paralisia flácida aguda em todo o mundo e pode ser classificada em subtipos eletrofisiológicos e variantes clínicas. Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar a frequência do padrão de preservação do sural (SSP) em subtipos e variantes de GBS. Métodos É um estudo de coorte retrospectivo que analisou dados clínicos e eletrofisiológicos de 171 pacientes com GBS internados em hospitais públicos e privados de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, entre 1994 e 2018. Todos os casos foram acompanhados pelo mesmo neurologista em centro de referência em neurologia. Os pacientes foram classificados de acordo com os subtipos eletrofisiológicos e variantes clínicas e a frequência do SSP foi comparada em ambas as categorias. O teste exato de Fisher e a correção de Bonferroni foram utilizados para análise estatística. Resultados O SSP esteve presente em 53% (57 de 107) dos pacientes com polirradiculoneuropatia desmielinizante inflamatória aguda (PDIA), em 8% (4 de 48) dos pacientes com subtipos axonais e em 31% (5 de 16) dos casos não definidos. A frequência do SSP no AIDP foi significativamente maior do que nos subtipos axonais (p < 0,0001); o valor manteve-se elevado após exames eletrofisiológicos seriados. Apenas o subtipo paraparético não apresentou SSP. Conclusão O SSP pode estar presente na PDIA e nos subtipos axonais, incluindo a neuropatia axonal motora aguda, mas está significativamente mais presente na PDIA. Além disso, as variantes clínicas refletem um processo patológico específico e estão correlacionadas ao seu subtipo eletrofisiológico típico, afetando a frequência do SSP. GuillainBarré Guillain Barré (GBS (SSP 17 Natal Norte Brasil 199 2018 neurologia categorias estatística 53 57 107 PDIA, , (PDIA) 8 4 ( 48 31 5 16 definidos p 0,0001 00001 0 0001 0,0001) mantevese manteve se seriados disso típico 1 19 201 10 (PDIA 3 0,000 0000 000 20 0,00 00 2 0,0 0,

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a modified pull-out suture technique in patients undergoing primary repair surgery for injuries to the flexor tendons of the fingers with Total Active Motion (TAM) as the primary outcome. Method: A total of 29 patients (38 fingers) were chosen from both sexes, aged between 18 and 65 years with clean acute tendon laceration occurring within 15 days, in the Verdan’s zone II of flexor tendon in the hand, when only the deep flexor tendon was sutured, either associated or not with digital nerve injury. The patients were operated on using the proposed technique and evaluated at 3, 9 and 24-weeks PO. The primary outcome was the assessment of Total Active Movement (TAM) and 3 classifications were employed: Strickland, IFSSH and Buck-Gramcko. Results: We observed a total active motion (TAM) of 209.3 °at the end of 24 weeks; 83.0% of Good and Excellent results by the Modified Strickland Classification, 93% of Excellent results by the IFSSH Classification, and 97% of Good and Excellent results using the Buck-Gramcko Classification. There were no cases of rupture, but tendon adhesion was observed in 3 fingers. Conclusion: The present suture technique proved to be safe and effective with a low rate of complications, obtaining an excellent functional result in terms of total active mobility, according to the evaluations and classifications used. Objective pullout pull out TAM (TAM Method 2 38 (3 sexes 1 6 days Verdans Verdan s hand sutured injury 24weeks weeks PO employed BuckGramcko. BuckGramcko Buck Gramcko. Gramcko Results 2093 209 209. 830 83 0 83.0 Classification 93 97 rupture Conclusion complications mobility used ( 20 8 83.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a segurança e a efetividade da técnica de sutura pull-out modificada nos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de reparo primário das lesões dos tendões flexores nos dedos, tendo como desfecho primário o movimento ativo total (TAM). Método: Foram escolhidos 29 pacientes (38 dedos), de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 65 anos, com laceração tendinosa aguda e limpa, ocorrida em até 15 dias, na zona II de Verdan do tendão flexor da mão, quando apenas o tendão flexor profundo foi suturado, associada ou não à lesão do nervo digital. Os pacientes foram operados pela técnica proposta e avaliados em 3, 9 e 24 semanas PO. O desfecho primário foi a avaliação do movimento ativo total (TAM) e foram empregadas 3 classificações: Strickland, IFSSH e Buck-Gramcko. Resultados: Observamos um movimento ativo total (TAM) de 209,3° ao final de 24 semanas; 83,0% de resultados Bons e Excelentes pela Classificação de Strickland Modificada, 93% de resultados Excelentes pela Classificação IFSSH e 97% de resultados Bons e Excelentes pela Classificação Buck-Gramcko. Não houve casos de ruptura, mas foi observada aderência tendínea em 3 dedos. Conclusão: A presente técnica de sutura mostrou-se segura e eficaz com baixo índice de complicações, obtendo excelente resultado funcional em termos de mobilidade ativa total, de acordo com as avaliações e classificações utilizadas. Objetivo pullout pull out dedos TAM. TAM . Método 2 38 (3 , dedos) sexos 1 6 anos limpa dias mão suturado digital PO (TAM BuckGramcko. BuckGramcko Buck Gramcko. Gramcko Buck-Gramcko Resultados 2093 209 209,3 830 83 0 83,0 Modificada 93 97 ruptura Conclusão mostrouse mostrou se complicações utilizadas ( 20 209, 8 83,

Abstract Objective: To present a series of cases with our initial experience and short-term outcomes of a modified vaginal mucosal flap urethroplasty. Methods: Patients diagnosed with urethral stricture and operated by the same operative technique between January 2012 and January 2018 were followed for at least 6 months. Uroflowmetry and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: Nineteen patients were included with an average age of 56.4 years, mean preoperative Qmax of 5.3 ml/s, and PVR of 101.4 mL. After 6 months of the procedure, the mean Qmax improved to 14.7 mL/s (p<0.05), PVR decreased to 47.3 mL (p<0.05), and 84.2% of all patients reported improvement in clinical self-reported symptoms. There was an improvement in symptoms such as voiding effort in 84.2% of patients, weak stream (89.5%), and recurrent urinary tract infection (85.7%). The success rate (absence of symptoms and normal Qmax with no significant PVR) of the procedure was 84.2%. Conclusion: The described technique was considered effective for the treatment of female urethra stricture, with a high clinical success rate and an objective improvement of Qmax and decrease in PVR after 6 months of the procedure. Objective shortterm short term urethroplasty Methods 201 evaluated Results 564 56 4 56. years 53 5 3 5. mls ml s ml/s 1014 101 101. 147 14 7 14. mLs p<0.05, p005 p p<0.05 , 0 05 (p<0.05) 473 47 47. 842 84 2 84.2 selfreported self 89.5%, 895 89.5% 89 (89.5%) 85.7%. 857 85.7% . 85 (85.7%) absence Conclusion 20 10 1 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 8 84. 89.5 (89.5% 85.7 (85.7% p0 p<0. (p<0.0 89. (89.5 85. (85.7 p<0 (p<0. (89. (85. p< (p<0 (89 (85 (p< (8 (p (

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Limb (CAUL) are a group of structural or functional abnormalities that develop during intrauterine life and can lead to limb dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the prevalence of congenital anomalies of the upper limbs in Brazil and assess maternal and neonatal variables. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on congenital upper limb malformations among live births across Brazil. METHODS: The study spanned from 2010 to 2019. Data were sourced from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) portal. Analyses focused on the information reported in field 41 of the Live Birth Declaration Form entered into the computerized system. RESULTS: The most common anomaly in Brazil was supernumerary fingers, classified as ICD-Q69.0, affecting 11,708 children, with a prevalence of 4.02 per 10,000 live births. Mothers aged over 40 years had a 36% higher prevalence of having children with CAUL than mothers under 40 years old (OR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.19-1.56). Newborns weighing ≥ 2,499 g were 2.64 times more likely to have CAUL compared to those weighing ≥ 2,500 g (OR = 2.64; 95% CI 2.55-2.73). CONCLUSION: There was an observed increase in the reporting of CAUL cases over the decade studied. This trend serves as an alert for health agencies, as understanding the prevalence of CAUL and its associated factors is crucial for preventive medicine. BACKGROUND (CAUL dysfunction OBJECTIVES variables SETTING crosssectional, crosssectional cross sectional, sectional cross-sectional METHODS 201 2019 DATASUS (DATASUS SINASC (SINASC portal 4 system RESULTS fingers ICDQ69.0, ICDQ690 ICDQ ICD Q69.0, Q69 0 Q ICD-Q69.0 11708 11 708 11,70 402 02 4.0 10000 10 000 10,00 36 OR 1.36 136 1 95 1.191.56. 119156 1.19 1.56 . 19 56 1.19-1.56) 2499 2 499 2,49 264 64 2.6 2500 500 2,50 2.552.73. 255273 2.55 2.73 55 73 2.55-2.73) CONCLUSION studied agencies medicine 20 ICDQ69 ICDQ69.0 Q690 Q69.0 Q6 ICD-Q69. 1170 70 11,7 4. 1000 00 10,0 3 1.3 13 9 191 1.191.56 11915 119 1.1 156 1.5 5 1.19-1.56 249 49 2,4 26 6 2. 250 50 2,5 552 2.552.73 25527 255 2.5 273 2.7 7 2.55-2.73 ICDQ6 ICDQ69. Q69. ICD-Q69 117 11, 100 10, 1. 1.191.5 1191 15 1.19-1.5 24 2, 25 2.552.7 2552 27 2.55-2.7 ICD-Q6 1.191. 1.19-1. 2.552. 2.55-2. ICD-Q 1.191 1.19-1 2.552 2.55-2 1.19- 2.55-

The corrosion resistance of chromium-plated steel sheets produced on an industrial scale was investigated. Two parameters of the production process were considered: pickling and chemical treatment. The specimens were produced at the industrial plant considering two different pickling conditions and two different chemical treatments: non-electrolytic and electrolytic pickling and non-electrolytic and electrolytic passivation respectively. Accelerated corrosion tests in the humid chamber, microscopy analyses, analyses of roughness and content of trivalent chromium in the passivation film and analyses of the content of metallic chromium in the coating by coulometry technique were performed. The results showed a low corrosion resistance of the materials produced with the non-electrolytic passivation, regardless of the pickling condition. The highest degree of protection of the base steel was achieved for the specimen produced by using the electrolytic route for both pickling and chemical treatment steps. This condition produced a mass of trivalent chromium in the passivation film greater than 8.0 mg∙m-2, which provided an effective performance of the chromium-plated steel sheet. chromiumplated plated investigated considered treatments nonelectrolytic non respectively chamber performed steps 80 8 0 8. mg∙m2, mgm2 mgm mg∙m 2, mg m 2 mg∙m-2 sheet m2 mg∙m2 mg∙m-