Abstract Recycled construction and demolition waste (RCDW) has demonstrated geotechnical properties that encourage it to be used in reinforced soil structures (RSS) with geosynthetics. However, the interaction between RCDW and reinforcements needs to be better understood, given its importance for design. This paper presents a qualitative study on the interaction between geogrid and recycled sands by means of pull-out tests performed on small equipment. Tests with the same degree of compaction and a geogrid buried in different types of recycled and natural sands (for comparison purposes) were performed. The characterisation of the materials was carried out in the laboratory and the variability of their geotechnical properties was evaluated. In addition, fill material moisture content was investigated as another potential factor influencing soil-geogrid interface shear. The results of the pull-out tests demonstrated the specific influences of the factors investigated. The comparative study showed that recycled sands can be suitable materials to be used as backfill in geosynthetic reinforced soil structures, meeting physical, mechanical and environmental requirements for this kind of work. (RCDW RSS (RSS geosynthetics However understood design pullout pull equipment purposes evaluated addition soilgeogrid shear physical work

Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo a respeito da análise da estrutura de substâncias redutoras de tensão superficial produzidas por Pseudomonas citronellolis 222A estimulado pela presença de ferro. Esta bactéria foi isolada de um solo que há 17 anos vem sendo utilizado para o tratamento de borra oleosa proveniente da indústria petroquímica e de refinaria de petróleo. O espectro de massa difere do espectro de P. aeruginosa, indicando que as substâncias redutoras de tensão superficial produzidas por P. citronellolis podem ser um novo tipo de biosurfactante.

In this work we investigated the structure of the iron-stimulated surface tension reducing substances produced by P. citronellolis 222A isolated from a 17-years old landfarming used for sludge treatment in petrochemical industries and oil refinery. Its mass spectrum differs from P. aeruginosa spectrum, indicating that the surface tension reducing substances produced by P. citronellolis can be a new kind of biosurfactant.