Resumo Fundamento Recentemente, foi demonstrado que o alopurinol, um inibidor da xantina oxidase, possui propriedades cardiovasculares e anti-isquêmicas e pode ser uma opção de agente antianginoso metabólico. Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito antianginoso do alopurinol como terceiro medicamento para pacientes com doença arterial coronariana (DAC) estável. Métodos Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado entre 2018 e 2020 incluindo pacientes com DAC que mantiveram angina apesar da otimização inicial com betabloqueadores e bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio. Os indivíduos foram randomizados 1:1 para 300 mg de alopurinol 2 vezes ao dia ou 35 mg de trimetazidina 2 vezes ao dia. O desfecho principal foi a diferença no domínio da frequência da angina do Questionário de Angina de Seattle (QAS-FA). Foram considerados estatisticamente significativos valores de probabilidade (p) < 0,05. Resultados Foram incluídos 108 pacientes na fase de randomização, com 54 (50%) no grupo alopurinol e 54 (50%) no grupo trimetazidina. Seis (5,6%) indivíduos, 3 de cada grupo, foram perdidos no seguimento para o desfecho primário. Nos grupos de alopurinol e trimetazidina, as pontuações medianas do QAS-FA foram 50 (30,0 a 70,0) e 50 (21,3 a 78,3), respectivamente. Em ambos os grupos, a pontuação do QAS-FA melhorou, mas a mediana da diferença em relação à linha de base foi menor no grupo alopurinol (10 [0 a 30] versus 20 [10 a 40]; p < 0,001), assim como a média da diferença na pontuação total do QAS (12,8 ± 17,8 versus 21,2 ± 15,9; p = 0,014). Conclusão Tanto o alopurinol quanto a trimetazidina melhoraram o controle dos sintomas de angina; no entanto, a trimetazidina apresentou um ganho maior em relação à linha de base. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos – Número de Registro RBR-5kh98y Recentemente oxidase antiisquêmicas anti isquêmicas metabólico (DAC estável Tratase Trata se 201 202 cálcio 11 1 1: 30 QASFA. QASFA FA . (QAS-FA) (p 005 0 05 0,05 10 randomização 5 50% (50% 5,6% 56 6 (5,6% primário 30,0 (30, 70,0 700 70 21,3 213 21 (21, 78,3, 783 78,3 , 78 78,3) respectivamente melhorou (1 [ [1 40 40] 0,001, 0001 0,001 001 0,001) 12,8 128 12 8 (12, 178 17 17, 212 21, 15,9 159 15 9 0,014. 0014 0,014 014 0,014) entanto RBR5kh98y RBRkhy RBR 5kh98y kh y (QAS-FA 00 0,0 (50 5,6 (5,6 30, (30 70, 7 (21 78, ( 4 000 0,00 12, (12 15, 0,01 01 khy 0, (5 5, (5, (3 (2

Abstract Background Recently, it was demonstrated that allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, has cardiovascular and anti-ischaemic properties and may be a metabolic antianginal agent option.Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antianginal effect of allopurinol as a third drug for patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods This was a randomized clinical trial between 2018 and 2020 including patients with CAD who maintained angina despite initial optimization with beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers. The individuals were randomized 1:1 to 300 mg of allopurinol twice daily or 35 mg of trimetazidine twice daily. The main outcome was the difference in the angina frequency domain of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ-AF). A probability (p) value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A hundred and eight patients were included in the randomization phase, with 54 (50%) in the allopurinol group and 54 (50%) in the trimetazidine group. Six (5.6%) individuals, 3 from each group, were lost to follow-up for the primary outcome. In the allopurinol and trimetazidine groups, the median SAQ-AF scores were 50 (30.0 to 70.0) and 50 (21.3 to 78.3), respectively. In both groups, the SAQ-AF score improved, but the median of the difference compared to baseline was lower in the allopurinol group (10 [0 to 30] versus 20 [10 to 40]; p < 0.001), as was the mean of the difference in the total SAQ score (12.8 ± 17.8 versus 21.2 ± 15.9; p = 0.014). Conclusion Both allopurinol and trimetazidine improved the control of angina symptoms; however, trimetazidine presented a greater gain compared to baseline. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials - Registration Number RBR-5kh98y Recently inhibitor antiischaemic anti ischaemic option.Objective optionObjective option Objective CAD. . (CAD) 201 202 betablockers beta blockers 11 1 1: 30 SAQAF. SAQAF AF (SAQ-AF) (p 005 0 05 0.0 significant phase 5 50% (50% 5.6% 56 6 (5.6% followup follow up groups 30.0 (30. 70.0 700 70 21.3 213 21 (21. 78.3, 783 78.3 , 78 78.3) respectively 10 (1 [ 2 [1 40 40] 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 12.8 128 12 8 (12. 178 17 17. 212 21. 15.9 159 15 9 0.014. 0014 0.014 014 0.014) symptoms however RBR5kh98y RBRkhy RBR 5kh98y kh y (CAD (SAQ-AF 00 0. (50 5.6 (5.6 30. (30 70. 7 (21 78. ( 4 000 0.00 12. (12 15. 0.01 01 khy (5 5. (5. (3 (2

Abstract The main objective of this research is to verify the effectiveness of an intervention program aimed at teaching early reading skills, more specifically alphabetic skills and phonological processing, in pupils with Typical Development (TD) and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). A total of 99 pupils with an average age of 5 years old from 54 schools on the Island of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) participated. Initial alphabetical skills, phonological processing, and verbal working memory were assessed before and after the intervention. The intervention program consisted of 60 sessions with a duration of 15 minutes and was organized at multiple levels of educational support, preferably within the regular classroom, and had the collaboration between Early Childhood Education Teachers and Speech Language Therapists. The results indicate that the pupils with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) initially presented a low performance in all the studied skills than those diagnosed with typical development. However, pupils who received the intervention program, those diagnosed with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and the group with Typical Development (TD), showed greater gains in Letter Recognition and in Grapheme-Phoneme Association. There is some discussion about the educational implications for organizing an early intervention of a collaborative and inclusive nature within an intervention response model with various levels of practice. In addition, the nature of the activities in game formats enhance interaction and promote learning for all the pupils.

Resumen El objetivo de la presente investigación es comprobar la efectividad de un programa de intervención destinado a la enseñanza de habilidades de lectura temprana, concretamente en habilidades alfabéticas y de procesamiento fonológico, en alumnado con Desarrollo Típico (DT) y con Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje (TDL). Para esto, participaron un total de 99 alumnos, con un promedio de 5 años, de 54 colegios de la Isla de Tenerife (Islas Canarias, España). Se evaluaron habilidades alfabéticas iniciales, procesamiento fonológico y memoria de trabajo verbal antes y después de la intervención. Además, este programa se desarrolló en 60 sesiones de 15 minutos de duración, organizado en múltiples niveles de apoyo, preferentemente dentro del aula regular, y contó con la colaboración entre profesorado de Educación Infantil y logopedas. Los resultados indican que el alumnado con Trastorno del Desarrollo del Lenguaje (TDL) presenta inicialmente un rendimiento inferior en todas las habilidades estudiadas comparado con los estudiantes con Desarrollo Típico (DT). Sin embargo, ambos grupos obtuvieron mayores ganancias posterior a la intervención en el Reconocimiento de las letras y en Asociación grafema-fonema. Se discuten las implicaciones educativas para organizar una intervención temprana de naturaleza colaborativa e inclusiva dentro de un modelo de respuesta con varios niveles de práctica. Además, la naturaleza de las actividades en formatos de juegos potencian la interacción y fomentan el aprendizaje de todo el alumnado.

Abstract Background Ischemic stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are cardiovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates in Brazil and worldwide. Their outcomes are influenced by public policies aimed at mitigating risk factors and by investments in infrastructure of emergency support and quality of hospital care. Objective To analyze the trend in the proportion of in-hospital deaths from ischemic stroke and AMI in Brazil as a way of evaluating the effectiveness of urgency and emergency services. Methods Ecological time series study using data from the Hospital Information System. The outcome was the proportion of in-hospital deaths from ischemic stroke and AMI with stratification by sex and state. Prais-Winsten regression was used to analyze the trend between 1998-2018 with α≤0,05. Results The proportion of deaths from AMI and ischemic stroke declined in the time series (p<0.001), decreasing annually by 0.17% and 0.25%, respectively. In 20 years, it reduced 43.76% (ischemic stroke) and 32.39% (AMI) in both sexes. However, the decline was more evident in the South and Southeast regions. Conclusion The reduction in hospital deaths from AMI and ischemic stroke was heterogeneous among Brazilian regions, which may be related to inequality in emergency services and hospital support. (AMI worldwide care inhospital System state PraisWinsten Prais Winsten 19982018 1998 2018 1998-201 α005 α 0 05 α≤0,05 p<0.001, p0001 p p<0.001 , 001 (p<0.001) 017 17 0.17 025 25 0.25% respectively 2 years 4376 43 76 43.76 3239 32 39 32.39 sexes However regions 1998201 199 201 1998-20 α00 α≤0,0 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 01 1 0.1 02 0.25 437 4 7 43.7 323 3 32.3 199820 19 1998-2 α0 α≤0, p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 0. 0.2 43. 32. 19982 1998- α≤0 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 α≤ p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

Resumen En esta investigación se valida la prueba PRAVI como instrumento para medir las habilidades perceptivas auditivas y visuales en estudiantes de Educación Primaria. Para ello, se analizaron las variables: fiabilidad, validez de constructo, validez externa y pendientes de crecimiento en función del grado. Los resultados presentaron alfas de Cronbach adecuados para la tarea JOT y la tarea id en el factor visual lingüístico (.76/.77, respectivamente), auditivo lingüístico (.77/.75, respectivamente), auditivo no lingüístico (.75/.76, respectivamente) y visual no lingüístico (.75.71, respectivamente). Se concluye que PRAVI muestra pendientes de crecimiento adecuadas revelando sensibilidad a los grados escolares.

Abstract This research validates the PRAVI test as an instrument to measure the perceptual auditory and visual abilities in primary school students. To do this, the variables were analyzed: reliability, construct validity, external validity and pending growth according to grade. The results presented adequate Cronbach alphas for the jot task and the id task in the visual factor linguistic (.76/.77, respectively), auditory linguistic (.77/.75, respectively), auditory non-linguistic (.75/.76, respectively) and visual non-linguistic (.75.71, respectively). It is concluded that PRAVI shows adequate growth slopes revealing sensitivity to school grades.

Abstract: The aim of this research was to determine and compare the performance in the syntactic production and the ungrammaticality among pupìls with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and two groups of pupils with typical language development. The sample was composed of a total of 84 children divided into three groups. A SLI group with 34 children, between 5.98 and 11.53 years old; a group of chronological control 33 children, between 5.73 and 10.74 years old; and a group of linguistic control with 17 children, between 4.64 and 5.60 years. The procedure used for the elicitation of stories was to retell the story Frog, where are you? After a literal transcription and segmented the corpus into sentences, we proceeded to determine those that constitute ungrammatical sentences and those that have grammatical errors. The results showed that there was no difference among the three groups in the production of simple sentences. However, in the production of complex syntax, there were no significant differences between the linguistic control and SLI, but there was a big difference between these two groups and the chronological control group. In relation to the production of ungrammatical sentences and grammatical errors, it was shown a similar behavior between SLI and linguistic control groups, although they were worse than the chronological controls. The conclusions indicate that the pupils with TEL present a very significant delay in their morphosyntax, with serious limitations in the syntactic processing abilities.

Resumen: La presente investigación ha tenido como objetivo determinar y comparar el rendimiento en la producción sintáctica y en la agramaticalidad entre alumnado con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL) y dos grupos de escolares con desarrollo típico del lenguaje. La muestra de este estudio quedó constituida por un total de 84 niños distribuidos en tres grupos. Un grupo con TEL con 34 niños, entre los 5.98 y los 11.53 años de edad; un grupo de control cronológico con 33 niños, entre los 5.73 y los 10.74 años de edad; y un grupo de control lingüístico con 17 niños, entre los 4.64 y los 5.60 años de edad. El procedimiento utilizado para la elicitación de las narraciones fue el recontado del cuento Rana, ¿dónde estás? Una vez realizada una transcripción literal y segmentados los corpus en oraciones, se procedió a determinar las que constituyen oraciones agramaticales y las que tienen presencia de errores gramaticales. Los resultados indicaron que no hubo diferencias entre los tres grupos en la producción de oraciones simples. Sin embargo, en la producción de sintaxis compleja, no se observan diferencias significativas entre los grupos TEL y control lingüístico, pero sí entre éstos dos y el grupo control cronológico. Además, en relación a la producción de oraciones agramaticales y errores gramaticales, se pone de manifiesto un comportamiento similar entre los grupos TEL y control lingüístico, y peor que los controles cronológicos. Las conclusiones señalan que el alumnado con TEL presenta un retraso muy significativo en su morfosintaxis, con serias limitaciones en las habilidades de procesamiento sintáctico.

Resumen La Orientación Vocacional Profesional en la gestión de ingreso a la Universidad incluye la implementación de nuevos sistemas que fortalezcan el trabajo del Centro de Promoción y Apoyo (CPAI) al Ingreso de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). La necesidad de reforzar el potencial y las bondades de este centro conduce al objetivo de este estudio: proponer un sistema virtual como alternativa hacia la Orientación Vocacional Profesional de los jóvenes que aspiran ingresar en las carreras universitarias en el Ecuador, a través de una investigación descriptiva aplicando métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos, que dan como resultado, la posible obtención de nuevos espacios de aprendizaje, lo cual puede constituir un valor académico complementario satisfactorio.

Abstract Professional Vocational Guidance in the management of admission to the University includes the implementation of new systems that strengthen the work of the Promotion and Support Center (CPAI) to the Income of the Technical University of Manabí (UTM). The need to reinforce the potential and benefits of this center leads to the objective of this study: to propose a virtual system as an alternative to Vocational Guidance for young people who aspire to enter university careers in Ecuador, through a descriptive research applying theoretical, empirical and statistical methods, which result in the possible acquisition of new learning spaces, which can constitute a satisfactory complementary academic value.