Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi otimizar a secagem por atomização da polpa de juçara, utilizando-se misturas de amido modificado (AM), concentrado proteico de soro de leite (CPL) ou isolado proteico de soja (IPS), como agentes carreadores. Dois delineamentos compostos centrais rotacionais foram realizados para avaliar o efeito das variáveis independentes: temperatura do ar de entrada (140 °C a 200 °C), concentração de agente carreador ‒ CAC (0,5 a 2 g de carreador/g de sólidos de polpa juçara) e proporções de AM:CPL ou AM:IPS (5 a 30 g de CPL ou IPS/100 g carreador) sobre as seguintes respostas para pós formulados com AM:CPL e AM:IPS, respectivamente: teor de umidade (0,3% a 1,4% e 0,6% a 1,2%), solubilidade (78,0% a 92,9% e 78,9% a 83,8%), retenção de antocianinas totais (49,2% a 82,9% e 34,1% a 96,9%), eficiência de encapsulação (98,5% a 99,7% e 98,5 a 99,5%), ângulo de tonalidade (9,1 a 44,0 e 3,7 a 42,6), croma (10,0 a 15,3 e 9,2 a 14,3) e rendimento do processo (33,2% a 55,5% e 49,9% a 78,5%). A temperatura do ar de entrada de 170 °C, CAC de 1,25 e 2, e a proporção de AM:CPL ou AM:IPS de 17,5 e 30 foram recomendadas como condições selecionadas.

Abstract The objective of this work was to optimize the spray drying of jussara pulp using mixtures of modified starch (MS) with whey protein concentrate (WPC) or soy protein isolate (SPI) as the carrier agents. Two central composite rotatable designs were used to evaluate the effect of the independent variables of inlet air temperature (140 °C to 200 °C), carrier agent concentration - CAC (0.5 to 2 g carrier agent/g jussara pulp solids) and the proportions of MS:WPC or MS:SPI (5 to 30 g WPC or SPI/100 g carrier agent) on the following responses for powders formulated with MS:WPC and MS:SPI, respectively: moisture content (0.3% to 1.4% and 0.6% to 1.2%), solubility (78.0% to 92.9% and 78.9% to 83.8%), retention of total anthocyanins (49.2% to 82.9% and 34.1% to 96.9%), encapsulation efficiency (98.5% to 99.7% and 98.5% to 99.5%), hue angle (9.1 to 44.0 and 3.7 to 42.6), chroma (10.0 to 15.3 and 9.2 to 14.3) and process yield (33.2% to 55.5% and 49.9% to 78.5%). The inlet air temperature 170 °C, CAC of 1.25 and 2 g/g jussara pulp solids and proportion of MS:WPC or MS:SPI of 17.5 and 30 g/100 g were recommended as the selected conditions.

The objective of this study was to obtain babassu coconut milk powder microencapsulated by spray drying process using gum Arabic as wall material. Coconut milk was extracted by babassu peeling, grinding (with two parts of water), and vacuum filtration. The milk was pasteurized at 85 ºC for 15 minutes and homogenized to break up the fat globules, rendering the milk a uniform consistency. A central composite rotatable design with a range of independent variables was used: inlet air temperature in the dryer (170-220 ºC) and gum Arabic concentration (10-20%, w/w) on the responses: moisture content (0.52-2.39%), hygroscopicity (6.98-9.86 g adsorbed water/100g solids), water activity (0.14-0.58), lipid oxidation (0.012-0.064 meq peroxide/kg oil), and process yield (20.33-30.19%). All variables influenced significantly the responses evaluated. Microencapsulation was optimized for maximum process yield and minimal lipid oxidation. The coconut milk powder obtained at optimum conditions was characterized in terms of morphology, particle size distribution, bulk and absolute density, porosity, and wettability.