RESUMEN La respuesta de los muros de tierra frente a la humedad es un tema de relevancia al momento de evaluar la condensación superficial e intersticial. Por ello, en el siguiente artículo se analizó el comportamiento frente a la humedad de tres construcciones con muros de quincha, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes capas de revoque de barro y de cañas de Castilla. Primero, se evaluó respecto de la Norma Iram 11.625 y con los datos de temperatura exterior de diseño, la temperatura interior de diseño y las propiedades térmicas de los materiales. Se obtuvieron los valores de temperatura superficial y de rocío para cada caso. Se observó que, en ningún caso, se produjo condensación superficial y que en la capa cercana a la caña exterior existía, en todos los casos, la posibilidad de condensación intersticial, la cual puede ser optimizada mediante el uso de una aislación por la cara exterior o interior según la condición climática. A partir de mediciones in situ con dataloggers hobo, se tomaron registros de temperatura y humedad relativa interior y exterior para invierno. Se trazaron las curvas de temperatura superficial y de rocío y se advirtió que en todos los casos los valores de la temperatura de rocío son menores a la temperatura superficial, verificándose la falta de condensación superficial.

RESUMO A resposta das paredes de terra à umidade é uma questão relevante ao avaliar a condensação superficial e intersticial. Portanto, no artigo seguinte, foi analisado o comportamento de umidade de três edifícios com paredes de quincha, levando em conta as diferentes camadas de gesso de lama e de gesso de cana de Castilla. Primeiro, foi avaliado com relação ao padrão Iram 11.625 e com os dados da temperatura externa de projeto, a temperatura interna de projeto e as propriedades térmicas dos materiais. Para cada caso, foram obtidos valores de temperatura da superfície e de ponto de orvalho. Observou-se que em nenhum caso ocorreu condensação superficial e que na camada próxima à palheta externa havia, em todos os casos, a possibilidade de condensação intersticial, que pode ser otimizada pelo uso de isolamento na face externa ou interna dependendo da condição climática. Medições in situ com registradores de dados hobo foram usadas para registrar a temperatura interna e externa e a umidade relativa no inverno. As curvas de temperatura da superfície e temperatura do orvalho foram traçadas e foi observado que em todos os casos os valores da temperatura do orvalho são inferiores à temperatura da superfície, verificando a ausência de condensação superficial.

ABSTRACT The response of earthen walls to humidity is a relevant issue when evaluating surface and interstitial condensation. This article analyzed the behavior against the humidity of three buildings with wattle and daub walls, taking into account the different layers of mud plaster and Castilla reeds. First, these were evaluated using the Iram 11.625 Standard and with the outdoor design data temperature, the indoor design temperature, and the thermal properties of the materials, obtaining the surface and dew temperature values for each case. It was observed that surface condensation did not occur in any case and for interstitial condensation, in all cases, in the layer close to the exterior reed there was the possibility of condensation, which can be optimized by using insulation on the outer or inner face depending on the climatic conditions. Based on in situ measurements with hobo dataloggers, indoor and outdoor temperature and relative humidity records were taken for winter. Surface and dew temperature curves were plotted and it was observed that in all cases the dew temperature values are lower than the surface temperature, verifying the lack of surface condensation.

Abstract Objective Cytomegalovirus infection and disease are significant causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of cytomegalovirus infection and characterize the patients who developed the disease. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed among adult patients, recipients of allogeneic HSTC between 2008 and 2015. Taking into account the institutional protocol of prophylaxis infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, patients received either preemptive therapy or prophylaxis with valganciclovir. Infection was defined as a positive pp65 antigenemia assay or PCR higher than 500 copies/mL. Disease was defined as viremia with evidence of end organ damage. Results Seventy patients were included, the median age was 36 years old (IQR 17–62). A total of 93% of the recipients had a positive serology. The Cytomegalovirus infection occurred in 59% of the patients. Eleven patients developed disease (16%), the most frequent manifestation being colitis, followed by pneumonitis and a single case of retinitis. There were no differences between the preemptive therapy or prophylaxis groups. The mean time of onset of the disease was day 94 post-transplant. Three patients developed disease with a viral load lower than 1000 copies/mL. Conclusion The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection after transplantation at our institution is high. It was found that the disease can occur with any level of viral load and is associated with high mortality.

Myeloid sarcoma is defined as a tumour of myeloblasts and immature myeloid cells that occurs in an extramedullary tissue. It is a rare form of presentation, which may arise in different locations and the cervix is one of the most unusual places. The available therapeutic options are chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The main prognostic factors are the response to initial treatment and cytogenetic abnormalities. This article describes the case of a woman presenting pelvic pain and vaginal discharge as chief complaints. After detection of a mass in the uterine cervix, the diagnosis was established by histology and immunophenotyping

Resumo Introdução: o transplante alogênico de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH-alo) representa uma abordagem potencialmente curativa para pacientes com leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA) recorrente ou refratária. Nosso trabalho apresenta o resultado de pacientes com recaída ou doença refratária tratados com TCTH-alo. Método: coorte retrospectiva incluindo 61 pacientes de 1994 a 2013 com diagnóstico de recidiva/LMA refratária. Os desfechos de interesse foram mortalidade relacionada ao transplante (MRT), incidência da doença aguda e crônica do enxerto contra hospedeiro (DECH), incidência de recaídas, sobrevida livre de progressão (PFS - progression-free survival) e sobrevida global (SG). A significância estatística foi considerada para p<0,05. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 61 anos (variação de 1 a 65). A incidência cumulativa de 90 dias, 1 ano e 3 anos de MRT foram de 60%, 26,7% e 13,3%, respectivamente (p<0,001). A incidência de recaída foi de 21,7% em 1 ano, 13% em 3 anos e 8,7% em 5 anos. A SG mediana foi estimada em 8 meses (IC 95% 3,266-12,734) e a mediana de PFS, em 3 meses (IC 95% 1,835-4,165). Conclusão: em nossa coorte, MRT no primeiro ano após o transplante permanece considerável, mas TCTH-alo nesse cenário parece ser uma boa opção para pacientes com LMA ativa. No entanto, novas abordagens são necessárias para reduzir MRT e recaída nesse conjunto de pacientes.

Summary Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) representes a potentially curative approach for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report the outcome of relapsed/refractory AML patients treated with ASCT. Method: A retrospective cohort from 1994 to 2013 that included 61 patients with diagnosis of relapsed/refractory AML. Outcomes of interest were transplant-related mortality (TRM), incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse incidence, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The median age was 61 years (range 1 to 65). The cumulative incidence of 90 days, 1 year, and 3 years TRM were 60%, 26.7%, and 13.3%, respectively (p<0.001). The incidence of relapse was 21.7% at 1 year, 13% at 3 years, and 8.7% at 5 years. Median OS was estimated to be 8 months (95CI 3.266-12.734) and median PFS, 3 months (95CI 1.835-4.165). Conclusion: In our cohort, TRM in first years after ASCT remains considerable, but ASCT in this setting seems to be a good choice for AML patients with active disease. However, novel approaches are needed to reduce TRM and relapse in this set of patients.

Blood transfusion safety is a critical part of appropriate health care. Considering the limited information available on the use of blood and its components in Latin America and the Caribbean, the Grupo Cooperativo iberoamericano de Medicina Transfusional (Ibero-American Cooperative Group for Transfusion Medicine; GCIAMT), through its Research and International Affairs committees, carried out a project to develop a protocol that would facilitate the evaluation of blood usage at the country, jurisdiction, and institutional levels in varied country contexts. Experts in blood safety from the Pan American Health Organization (Washington, DC, United States), the University of São Paulo (São Paulo, Brazil), the Hemocentro of São Paulo (São Paulo, Brazil), and GCIAMT designed a 2-step comprehensive blood-use evaluation protocol: step 1 collects data from blood requests, and step 2, from medical charts. At a minimum, 1 000 analyzed requests are necessary; as such, study periods vary depending on the number of transfusion requests issued. An Internet-based application, the Modular Research System-Study Management System (MRS-SMS), houses the data and produces reports on how hospitals request blood, how blood is issued, who requires blood and blood components, and as an added benefit, how many blood units are wasted and what the real demand for blood is.

La seguridad de las transfusiones de sangre constituye una parte fundamental de una apropiada atención de salud. Teniendo en cuenta la limitada información disponible sobre el uso de la sangre y sus componentes en América Latina y el Caribe, el Grupo Cooperativo Iberoamericano de Medicina Transfusional (GCIAMT), mediante sus comités de Investigación y de Asuntos Internacionales, llevó a cabo un proyecto de elaboración de un protocolo que facilitara la evaluación del uso de la sangre a nivel de país, jurisdiccional e institucional, en diversos contextos de país. Expertos en seguridad de la sangre de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (Washington, DC, Estados Unidos), la Universidad de São Paulo (São Paulo, Brasil), el Hemocentro de São Paulo (São Paulo, Brasil) y el GCIAMT diseñaron un protocolo integral de evaluación del uso de la sangre en 2 etapas: en la primera se recopilan datos de las solicitudes de sangre, y en la segunda, de las historias clínicas. Como mínimo, es preciso analizar 1 000 solicitudes; por ello, los períodos de estudio varían en dependencia del número de solicitudes de transfusión expedidas. Una aplicación basada en internet, el Modular Research System, Study Management System, alberga los datos y elabora informes sobre cómo solicitan sangre los hospitales, cómo se expide la sangre, quién requiere sangre y componentes sanguíneos y, como beneficio añadido, cuántas unidades de sangre se desperdician y cuál es la demanda real de sangre.

A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out in 43 pregnant women belonging to "Alberto Fernández Monte de Oca" and "Carlos Manuel Ramírez Corría" Polyclinics, San Luis municipality, Santiago de Cuba province, from January to December 2011, in order to analyze the impact of maternal malnutrition on birth of low weight infants. Among the analyzed variables were mother's age, low weight during pregnancy, low weight infants, gestational age and insufficient weight gain. Uterine growth retardation was found to be the main cause of low birth weight and predominant obstetric history was maternal malnutrition. Also, gestational age less than 37 weeks and malnutrition were related to the occurrence of preterm infants and with uterine growth retardation, respectively.

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de 43 gestantes pertenecientes a los Policlínicos "Alberto Fernández Montes de Oca" y "Carlos Manuel Ramírez Corría", municipio de San Luis, provincia de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero hasta diciembre del 2011, a fin de analizar la repercusión de la desnutrición materna sobre el nacimiento de niños con bajo peso. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad de la madre, bajo peso en el embarazo, recién nacidos con bajo peso, edad gestacional y ganancia insuficiente de peso. El crecimiento intrauterino retardado resultó ser la causa principal del bajo peso al nacer y el antecedente obstétrico predominante fue la desnutrición materna. Asimismo, la edad gestacional menor de 37 semanas y la desnutrición se relacionaron con la ocurrencia de recién nacidos pretérmino y con el crecimiento intrauterino retardado, respectivamente.

O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar, nos doentes submetidos a transplante de progenitores hematopoiéticos (TPH) alogénico, o efeito do regime de condicionamento, da fonte de progenitores, das compatibilidades ABO e HLA e do parentesco do par dador/receptor no consumo transfusional no período pós-transplante. Avaliamos retrospectivamente os doentes submetidos ao primeiro alotransplante no período compreendido entre Janeiro 2003 e Setembro 2005. Consultaram-se as bases de dados do Departamento de Imuno-Hemoterapia. A análise estatística foi realizada com recurso ao programa SPSS®. No período considerado realizaram-se 97 alotransplantes, dos quais 94 foram primeiros transplantes e elegíveis para o estudo (43,6% sexo feminino e 56,4% sexo masculino, mediana de idades de 38,5 anos, limites 6 meses-66 anos). Foram submetidos a um regime de condicionamento mieloablativo 50 doentes (53,2%) e a condicionamento de intensidade reduzida (CIR) 44 doentes (46,8%). Relativamente à fonte de progenitores utilizados, em 88,3 % dos doentes (n=83) foram células progenitoras hematopoiéticas perifericas (CPHP), em 7,5% (n=7) medula óssea (MO) e em 4,2% (n=4) sangue de cordão umbilical (SCU). No que respeita ao sistema HLA e ao parentesco, 95,7 % (n=90) dos transplantes foram HLA compatíveis e 87,2% (n=82) foram de dador relacionado. Relativamente ao sistema ABO do par dador/receptor, 27,6% (n=26) dos casos apresentavam incompatibilidade maior, 10,6% (n=10) menor e 57,4% (n=54) eram compatíveis. Não observamos diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas medianas de episódios transfusionais de concentrados de eritrócitos (CE) e de concentrados de plaquetas (CP) no que se refere a incompatibilidade ABO (p>0,05). Nos doentes transplantados com CPHP observamos uma tendência para um menor consumo transfusional de CP relativamente aos transplantados com SCU e MO. No entanto, o teste estatístico aplicado não mostrou um resultado significativo para os CE (p=0,054), provavelmente por causa do pequeno número de doentes transplantados com SCU e MO na população estudada. Os CIR foram associados a um menor consumo de CP (p< 0,0001). Não observamos diferenças significativas no número de episódios transfusionais de CE e CP no que se refere a incompatibilidade HLA e ao parentesco no par dador/receptor (p>0,05).

We retrospectively studied all the first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) performed in our Centre between January 2003 and September 2005. We evaluated the influence of haematopoietic stem cell source, ABO and HLA compatibility and relationship in donor/recipient pair as well as conditioning regimen (myeloablative versus reduced intensity) on transfusion requirements. We analysed patients’ transfusion requirements during a 100 days period after transplantation. The medians of red blood cells (RBC) and platelets (PL) transfusion episodes (TE) were considered as an estimative of the transfusion requirements. We performed a statistical analysis recurring to the SPSS® software. Ninety four patients (43.6% women, 56.4% men), median age 38.5 years (range 6 months-66 years), were submitted to a first HSCT. In 88.3% (n=83) of patients the haematopoietic stem cell source was peripheral blood, in 7.4% (n=7) bone marrow (BM) and in 4.3% (n=4) umbilical cord blood (UCB). In 95.7% of cases there was HLA compatibility and in 87.2% a relationship between the donor and the recipient. We observed a major ABO incompatibility in 27.6% (n=26) of cases and minor in 10.6% (n=10). In 57.4% (n=54) of transplants there was ABO compatibility. Conditioning regimen was myeloablative and of reduced intensity in 53.2% (n=50) and in 46.8% (n=44) of patients, respectively. We observed that ABO compatibility had not a major impact on transfusion requirements (p>0.05). Patients transplanted with peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) showed a tendency to a lesser PL transfusion need when compared to patients transplanted with UCB and BM but the test applied was not significant for RBC, probably because of the low number UCB and BM transplants considered in this study. Reduced intensity conditioning was associated with a reduced PL transfusion need (p< 0.0001). In unrelated transplants and HLA mismatches the transfusion episodes after transplantation were not higher when compared to related and HLA compatible transplants (p>0.05).

Foram avaliados os aspectos qualitativos da carne de cordeiros Santa Inês submetidos, na fase de terminação, a sistemas de alimentação diferenciados. Foram analisadas 24 pernas de cordeiros não-castrados, com idade de abate entre seis e dez meses, distribuídos eqüitativamente segundo as dietas recebidas: T1 = feno de capim-d'água + concentrado, T2 = feno de restolho de abacaxi + concentrado, T3 = palma + mistura, T4 = silagem de milho + concentrado. A utilização de quatro tipos de alimentos volumosos exerceu influência significativa sobre os teores de composição centesimal, cálcio, fósforo, colesterol, fosfolipídios, ácidos graxos saturados e poliinsaturados e nos parâmetros sensoriais da carne de ovinos Santa Inês. Os cordeiros alimentados com volumosos energéticos (T1, T2 e T4) apresentaram carnes com maiores concentrações lipídicas em (6,93; 8,09 e 8,38%, respectivamente), melhor qualidade sensorial e maiores percentuais de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (C18:1, C16:1, com médias de 41,38; 46,40; 43,15 e 3,44; 3,34; e 2,76%, respectivamente). O uso de palma forrageira (T3) na alimentação dos cordeiros resultou em uma carne com teores de umidade, proteínas, fósforo, cálcio, colesterol e ácidos graxos saturados significativamente maiores em relação aos demais volumosos (T1, T2 e T4), porém com qualidade sensorial inferior.

This study had the objective of evaluating the qualitative aspects of lamb meat from Santa Ines breed when submitted in the termination phase to different feeding systems. Twenty four legs from entire lambs with slaughter age from six to ten months were equally distributed among four different diets: T1 = capim-d'água hay + concentrate, T2 = pineapple hay + concentrate, T3 = forage palm + mixture, T4 = maize ensilage hay + concentrate. The utilization of four different forager feeds resulted in significant difference among the percentages of centesimal composition, calcium, phosphorus, cholesterol, and phospholipid, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and in the sensorial parameters of lamb meat. Lambs fed diet with high-energy forage (T1, T2 and T3) had meat with the highest percentages of fat (6.93, 8.09 and 8.38%, respectively), and monosaturated fatty acids (C18:1, C16:1, with average of 41.38, 46.40 and 43.15 and 3.44, 3.34 and 2.76%, respectively), associated to a better sensorial quality. The use of forager palm (T3) in lamb feeding resulted in lamb meat with higher percentages of humidity, protein, phosphorus, calcium, cholesterol and saturated fatty acids in comparison with the others treatments (T1, T2 and T4), although this lamb meat had lower sensorial quality in relation to the meat obtained from the others treatments.

There is no effective chemotherapy against diseases caused by Phytomonas sp., a plant trypanosomatid responsible for economic losses in major crops. We tested three triazolo-pyrimidine complexes [two with Pt(II), and another with Ru(III)] against promastigotes of Phytomonas sp. isolated from Euphorbia characias. The incorporation of radiolabelled precursors, ultrastructural alterations and changes in the pattern of metabolite excretion were examined. Different degrees of toxicity were found for each complex: the platinun compound showed an inhibition effect on nucleic acid synthesis, provoking alterations on the levels of mitochondria, nucleus and glycosomes. These results, together with others reported previously in our laboratory about the activity of pyrimidine derivatives, reflect the potential of these compounds as agents in the treatment of Phytomonas sp.