ABSTRACT: Neurofibromas are neoplasms derived from nerve bundles and are frequent in humans but not common in animals. This report described the macroscopic, histologic, and immunohistochemistry findings of an orbitofacial neurofibroma in a sow. The sow presented left eyelids with marked expansion, associated with severe ectropion and reddening of both conjunctival mucosae. The mass on the cutting surface was homogeneous, with a light tan, and shiny, measuring 9.0 x 7.0 x 7.0 cm in width, compressing the eyeball. Microscopically, there was paucicellular neoplastic proliferation of elongated cells amid the accentuated myxoid matrix. There were multifocal areas where well-differentiated nervous fascicles and skeletal musculature were seen. Neoplastic cells were immunostained positive for GFAP, neurofilament, S-100, Sox-10, and vimentin. Cytokeratin showed immunolabeling around primitive nerve bundles and desmin around neoformed vessels and muscle bundles within the tumor. Orbitopalpebral and orbitofacial neurofibroma, despite being common in humans, have not been described in domestic pigs and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in eyelid tumors in pigs.

RESUMO: Neurofibromas são neoplasias derivadas dos feixes nervosos e são frequentes em humanos, mas incomuns em espécies animais domésticos. Esse relato tem como objetivo descrever os achados macroscópicos, histológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de um neurofibroma orbitofacial em uma matriz suína. O animal apresentava as pálpebras esquerdas acentuadamente expandidas, associada a severo ectrópio e avermelhamento de ambas as mucosas conjuntivais. A tumoração palpebral, na superfície de corte, era homogênea, levemente acastanhada e brilhante, medindo 9,0 x 7,0 x 7,0 cm, e comprimia o globo ocular. Microscopicamente foi observada uma proliferação neoplásica pobremente celular de células alongadas no meio de uma acentuada quantidade de matriz mixoide. Havia áreas intratumorias multifocais onde fascículos nervosos bem diferenciados e musculatura esquelética foram observados. As células neoplásicas foram positivas na imuno-histoquímica para GFAP, neurofilamento, S-100, Sox-10 e vimentina. Citoqueratina mostrou uma imunomarcação ao redor de feixes nervosos primitivos e desmina ao redor de vasos neoformados e feixes musculares dentro do tumor. O neurofibroma orbitofacial, apesar de comum em humanos, nunca foi descrito em suínos domésticos e deve ser considerado um diagnóstico diferencial para neoplasias palpebrais em suínos.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chromosomal abnormalities (CAs) have been described in patients with secondary amenorrhea (SA). However, studies on this association are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency and types of CAs detected by karyotyping in patients with SA. DESIGN AND SETTING: This retrospective study was performed in a reference clinical genetic service in South Brazil. METHODS: Data were obtained from the medical records of patients with SA who were evaluated between 1975 and 2022. Fisher’s bicaudate exact test and Student’s t-test were used, and P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Among 43 patients with SA, 14 (32.6%) had CAs, namely del (Xq) (n = 3), 45,X (n = 2), 46,X,r(X)/45,X (n = 2), 46,XX/45,X (n = 1), 46,X,i(q10)/45,X (n = 1), 47,XXX (n = 1), 46,XX/47,XXX (n = 1), 46,XX/47,XX,+mar (n = 1), 45,XX,trob(13;14)(q10;q10)/46,XXX,trob(13;14)(q10;q10) (n = 1), and 46,XX,t(2;21)(q23;q11.2) (n = 1). Additional findings were observed mostly among patients with CA compared with those without CA (P = 0.0021). No difference in the mean age was observed between the patients with SA with or without CAs (P = 0.268025). CONCLUSIONS: CAs are common among patients with SA, especially those with short stature and additional findings. They are predominantly structural, involve the X chromosome in a mosaic, and are compatible with the Turner syndrome. Patients with SA, even if isolated, may have CAs, particularly del (Xq) and triple X.

Resumo O uso inadequado dos recursos naturais em contextos espacialmente diferenciados sob vários aspectos nas bacias hidrográficas conduz à degradação ambiental e aos problemas sociais. Nesse sentido, as ações de gestão são fundamentais e devem partir do princípio de que as unidades hidrográficas são internamente heterogêneas, complexas e multifacetadas, configurando-se como um conjunto de situações variadas. Este artigo relata resultados de pesquisa dedicada à aplicação de um procedimento metodológico de compartimentação paisagística multiescalar baseado na adaptação das contribuições de dois autores clássicos: Georges Bertrand e Jean Tricart. A bacia do rio Uberabinha, localizada no estado de Minas Gerais, adotada como área de estudo, foi caracterizada do ponto de vista fisiográfico e subdividida ordenadamente em dois geossistemas, quatro geocomplexos e oito geofácies. Unidades menores, denominadas geótopos, também foram identificadas enquanto exemplos. A partir dos mapas de componentes fisiográficos e de cobertura e uso da terra distribuídos em intervalos temporais situados entre 1985 e 2020 foi possível categorizar a vulnerabilidade dos terrenos quanto à perda de solos. Por fim, perfis geoecológicos foram elaborados para organização de uma síntese da realidade terrestre da bacia numa perspectiva vertical (geohorizontes). Diante do exposto, o trabalho contribuiu como uma análise da bacia do rio Uberabinha baseada na perspectiva geossistêmica, visto que sua exploração tem se mostrado ecologicamente predatória, assim como na maioria das bacias hidrográficas brasileiras.

Abstract The inappropriate use of natural resources in spatially differentiated contexts under various aspects in watersheds leads to environmental degradation and social problems. In this sense, management actions are fundamental and should start from the principle that hydrographic units are internally heterogeneous, complex and multifaceted, configuring themselves as a set of varied situations. This article reports the results of research dedicated to the application of a methodological procedure to multiscale landscape compartmentalization based on the adaptation of the contributions of two classic authors: Georges Bertrand and Jean Tricart. The Uberabinha river basin, located in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil), adopted as the study area, was characterized from a physiographic point of view and neatly subdivided into two geosystems, four geocomplexes and eight geofacies. Smaller units, called geotopes, were also identified as examples. From the maps of physiographic components and land cover and use distributed in time intervals between 1985 and 2020, it was possible to categorize the vulnerability of the land to soil loss. Finally, geoecological profiles were elaborated to organize a synthesis of the terrestrial reality of the basin in a vertical perspective (geohorizons). Given the above, the work contributed as an analysis of the Uberabinha river basin based on a geosystemic perspective, since its exploitation has shown to be ecologically predatory, as well as in most Brazilian hydrographic basins.

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens associated with foodborne outbreaks in Brazil and food handlers can carry toxigenic and resistant S. aureus strains. The aims of this study were to verify the frequency of virulence genes, to identify the agr groups and to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of S. aureus strains isolated from food handlers of pilot kitchens located in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 74 strains of the Staphylococcus genus were detected and 50% were identified as of the species S. aureus. The enterotoxin genes detection, tst and luk-PV detection, agr typing, mecA detection, ccr complex detection and SCCmec typing were performed using PCR. The antimicrobial resistance testing was performed by the disk diffusion method. The enterotoxin genes were identified in 36 S. aureus, including sea (83.8%). The tst gene was detected in 18.92% of the strains and the luk-PV was detected in only one isolate. Agr typing classified 58.3% of the strains as type I. Seven (18.92%) strains were classified as MRSA and the ccr2 complex was detected in six of these isolates. The SCCmec typing characterized strains as type II, III, IV and V. Moreover, there were also a greater number of resistant strains to penicillin (83.78%) and clarithromycin (67.57%). In conclusion, the study revealed a significant prevalence of S. aureus, and the presence of different virulence genes and a worrying resistance profile in S. aureus strains isolated from food handlers in this country.

Resumo A crescente exploração - quase sempre sem critério - de recursos naturais advertiu da importância de iniciativas voltadas à conservação ambiental. Nesse contexto, o zoneamento ambiental tornou-se um instrumento fundamental na gestão territorial. Este artigo propõe um procedimento metodológico de zoneamento ambiental especificamente orientado para bacias hidrográficas, com aplicação demonstrativa na Unidade de Planejamento e Gestão de Recursos Hídricos das Bacias Hidrográficas dos Afluentes Mineiros do Baixo Paranaíba, no estado de Minas Gerais. A proposta contempla a avaliação da vulnerabilidade à perda de solos, da vulnerabilidade quali-quantitativa das águas superficiais e da situação das áreas legalmente protegidas. A metodologia envolve o reconhecimento de conflitos a partir da interseção dessas vulnerabilidades e das áreas legalmente protegidas com o uso da terra, constituindo um modelo de zoneamento capaz de indicar áreas para preservação, recuperação ou manejo. Espera-se que o trabalho possa ser útil aos gestores e que o modelo possa ser aplicado em unidades territoriais análogas.

Abstract The growing - and almost always devoid of criterion - exploitation of natural resources raised the importance of initiatives related to environmental conservation. In this context, environmental zoning has become a fundamental instrument in territorial management. This article proposes a methodological procedure for environmental zoning specifically oriented for watersheds, with demonstrative application in the Water Resources Planning and Management Unit from Lower Paranaíba River Tributary Watersheds, state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). The proposal includes assessing vulnerability to soil loss, qualitative and quantitative vulnerability of surface waters, and the situation of legally protected areas. The methodology involves recognizing conflicts from the intersection of the above-mentioned vulnerabilities and legally protected areas with land use, constituting a zoning model capable of indicating areas for preservation, recovery, and management. The work is expected to be useful to managers and the model to be applied in similar territorial units.

Resumen La creciente y casi siempre desacreditada explotación de los recursos naturales planteó la importancia de las iniciativas de conservación del medio ambiente. En este contexto, la zonificación ambiental se ha convertido en un instrumento en la gestión territorial. Este artículo propone un procedimiento metodológico para la zonificación ambiental específicamente orientada a cuencas hidrográficas, con aplicación en la Unidad de Planificación y Manejo de Recursos Hídricos de las Cuencas Hidrográficas de los Afluentes del Bajo Paranaíba, Minas Gerais (Brasil). La propuesta incluye la evaluación de las vulnerabilidades a la pérdida de suelos, cuali-cuantitativa de las aguas superficiales y las áreas legalmente protegidas. La metodología implica reconocer conflictos desde la intersección de las vulnerabilidades y áreas legalmente protegidas con el uso del suelo para señalar áreas para conservación, recuperación y manejo. Se espera que el trabajo pueda ser de utilidad para los gestores y que el modelo se pueda aplicar en unidades territoriales similares.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is a rare genetic disease. Understanding its clinical findings contributes to better management of clinical conditions. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and karyotypic characteristics of patients diagnosed with TS at two reference services for clinical genetics in southern Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in two clinical genetics services in Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil. METHODS: The sample consisted of 59 patients with TS diagnosed from 1993 to 2019. A review of their medical records was performed and a standard protocol was filled out. RESULTS: The average age of the patients at diagnosis was 15.9 years, and 40.7% were over 13 years old. The largest proportion of them (42.4%) had been referred from an endocrinology department and their constitution was 45,X (40.7%). The most common clinical findings were short stature (85.7%), hypoplastic/ hyperconvex nails (61.2%), low posterior hairline (52.1%) and cubitus valgus (45.8%). There was no difference regarding the presence of short stature (P = 0.5943), number of dysmorphia (P = 0.143), anatomical regions affected and malformations identified through imaging examinations (P = 1.0000), regarding the presence or absence of 45,X constitution. Only 6% of the patients had used growth hormone and 43%, estrogen. CONCLUSION: We found that, in general, patients with TS were being diagnosed late. This has important implications for their treatment. In addition, only a small proportion of the patients were undergoing further examination or evaluation, which appeared to be leading to underdiagnosis of many abnormalities.

Resumo: A validação posicional de conjuntos de dados é uma etapa importante para os estudos de Cartografia, pois permite conhecer sua precisão, além de indicar a qualidade do processamento dos dados. No entanto, em se tratando de dados de Radar de Abertura Sintética (SAR), essa validação apresenta alguns desafios adicionais quando comparada à de imagens ópticas, devido às distorções geométricas. Utilizou-se alvos existentes, como placas de trânsito e postes de luz presentes na cena e os identificando na imagem como pontos de controle. Realizou-se a validação das coordenadas geográficas utilizadas como pontos de controle posicional planialtimétrico, utilizando tanto a ortoimagem de retroespalhamento de amplitude quanto o Modelo Digital de Terreno (MDT) gerados a partir do sistema InSAR. Empregou-se os testes NMAS, ASPRS e NSSDA juntamente com informações das Normas Brasileiras. Os resultados dos testes para a escala 1:10.000 foram: o teste NMAS - classe “A” no PEC e no PEC-PCD; o teste ASPRS - RMSE x = 1,317m, RMSE y = 1,231m e RMSEz = 1,145m; e o teste NSSDA - RMSEr = 1,802m, Precision r = 3,118m e Precision z = 2,244m. Esses resultados comprovam que pode-se utilizar os alvos propostos como pontos de controle e que os conjuntos de dados InSAR utilizados atendem à qualidade esperada para a geração de produtos geotécnicos para a escala 1:10.000.

Abstract: The positional validation of datasets is an important step for cartography studies since it allows learning about its accuracy, and also indicates the data process quality. However, the positional validation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets have some additional challenges when compared to optical images due to the geometric distortions. We employ existing targets such as traffic signs and lampposts in the scene and identify them on the image as control points. We performed the validation of the geographic coordinates used as planialtimetric positional control points, using both the amplitude backscattering orthoimage and the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) generated from the InSAR system. We employed the NMAS, ASPRS and NSSDA tests along with information by the Brazilian Standards. This validation showed these control points presented the following results for 1:10,000 scale: NMAS test - class “A” in PEC and PEC-PCD; ASPRS test - RMSE x = 1.317m, RMSE y = 1.231m and RMSE z = 1.145m; and NSSDA test - RMSE r = 1,802m, Precision r = 3.118m and Precision z = 2.244m. These results prove we can use the proposed targets as control points and the used InSAR datasets meet the expected quality for generation of geotechnic products for 1:10,000 scale.

RESUMO: Esse estudo descreve um surto de hepatopatia necrótica aguda associada a intoxicação espontânea por Lantana camara L. em bovinos leiteiros. Um lote de 15 vacas e novilhas foram introduzidas em um piquete com campo nativo, com escassa oferta de alimento. Após dezesseis dias, oito animais manifestaram epistaxe, febre, apatia, icterícia, fezes ressecadas e escuras com muco e sangue. A evolução do quadro clínico variou de dois a cinco dias. No piquete em que os bovinos estavam alojados havia grande quantidade de L. camara L. com sinais evidentes de consumo. No total, sete bovinos morreram, e destes, o exame post mortem foi realizado em três. Os bovinos exibiam moderada icterícia, hemorragias no tecido subcutâneo e na superfície de diferentes órgãos. O fígado estava discretamente aumentado, com coloração alaranjada e padrão lobular evidente. As lesões histológicas consistiam em acentuada necrose de coagulação de hepatócitos em região centrolobular, por vezes se estendendo a região mediozonal, além de acentuada degeneração dos hepatócitos e evidente Colestase. O presente trabalho alerta para que intoxicação por L. camara L. seja levada em consideração nos diagnósticos diferenciais de hepatotoxicidade necrótica aguda em bovinos, mesmo sem indícios de fotossensibilização.

ABSTRACT: This study describes an outbreak of acute necrotic hepatopathy associated with spontaneous poisoning by Lantana camara L. in dairy cattle. A herd of 15 cows and heifers was introduced into a native pasture with limited food supply, and, sixteen days later, eight animals had spontaneous nasal hemorrhage, fever, lethargy, jaundice, and dry, dark stools with mucus and blood. The clinical course varied from two to five days. In the pasture where the cattle were kept, abundant adult specimens of L. camara L. with evident signs of consumption were observed. In total, seven cattle died and necropsy was performed in three of them. All animals had moderate jaundice, hemorrhage in the subcutaneous tissue and on the surface of different organs. The liver was slightly enlarged, with orange discoloration and enhanced lobular pattern. Histologically, multifocal areas of coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes in the centrilobular area, occasionally extending to the midzonal area, were observed, as well as marked hepatocellular degeneration and prominent cholestasis. The current study suggests that L. camara L. poisoning should be considered a differential diagnosis of acute and necrotic hepatotoxicity in cattle, despite the absence of photosensitization.

Abstract Cryptocurrency is attracting the attention of many disciplines. Based on a systematic literature review, the state of art of academic research on cryptocurrency was investigated, demonstrating its complexity and the lack of consensus about several issues, as its definition, its operation without a financial institution, the impacts on economy and its future developments. Considering these issues, Actor-Network Theory was selected as a theory that can provide methods, such as controversy mapping, to understand this complex subject. The article analyzes this scenario, presenting a set of research topics that can be considered to study controversies related to cryptocurrency.

Abstract: Background and Aims: The wetlands of the central coast of Lima, Peru, are being negatively impacted by anthropic activity, because human settlements have been established in the vicinity of these fragile ecosystems. Sarcocornia neei is a halophytic Amaranthaceae, which inhabits these wetlands and with potential to be used as food. However, it is being displaced by this human activities, while basic aspects of its biology remain unknown. Hence, our goal was to investigate the ecophysiology of this species, under greenhouse and laboratory conditions, looking at the possibility of being grown outside its natural environment. Methods: Plants of S. neei were collected in both Ventanilla and Paraíso Wetlands, Lima, Peru. For the germination test, 600 seeds were subjected to different concentrations of NaCl (0 M, 0.1 M, 0.3 M and 0.58 M), with three repetitions for 15 days. Cuttings were also planted in organic substrate and adding the same concentrations of salt, with three repetitions for four months. At the end of this period histological sections were made and protein extracts were also realized. Key results: A better germination was obtained in 0.3 M of NaCl. There were no significant differences in the growth of cuttings. Histological variations were found in the stems depending on the treatments and there were no significant differences in the total protein concentration, although overexpression of low molecular weight proteins was found in the treatment of 0.58 M NaCl. Conclusions: The results show that this species could be cultivated in saline lands and used in human or animal feed, or as a promising species in the decontamination of lead-contaminated saline soils.

Resumen: Antecedentes y Objetivos: Los humedales de la costa central de Lima, Perú, están siendo fuertemente impactados de forma negativa por actividad antrópica, debido a que se han establecido asentamientos humanos en las cercanías de estos frágiles ecosistemas. Sarcocornia neei es una Amarantácea halófita, que habita estos humedales, con potencial de ser usada como alimento; está siendo desplazada por la actividad humana y aún se desconocen aspectos básicos de su biología. Por lo tanto, nuestro objetivo fue conocer la ecofisiología de esta especie bajo condiciones de invernadero y de laboratorio, viendo la posibilidad de ser cultivada fuera de su ambiente natural. Métodos: Las plantas de S. neei fueron colectadas tanto en el Humedal de Ventanilla como en el de Paraíso, Lima, Perú. Para la prueba de germinación se usaron 600 semillas sometidas a diferentes concentraciones de NaCl (0 M, 0.1 M, 0.3 M y 0.58 M), con tres repeticiones por 15 días. También se plantaron esquejes en sustrato orgánico y adicionando las mismas concentraciones de sal, con tres repeticiones por cuatro meses. Al final de este periodo se realizaron cortes histológicos y también se hicieron extractos de proteínas. Resultados clave: Se obtuvo una mejor germinación en 0.3 M de NaCl. No hubo diferencias significativas en el crecimiento de los esquejes. Se encontraron variaciones histológicas en los tallos dependiendo de los tratamientos y no hubo diferencias significativas en la concentración total de proteínas, aunque sí se encontró una sobreexpresión de proteínas de bajo peso molecular en el tratamiento de 0.58 M de NaCl. Conclusiones: Los resultados muestran que esta especie podría ser cultivada en terrenos salinos y usada en la alimentación humana o de animales, o como especie promisoria en la descontaminación de suelos salinos contaminados con plomo.

RESUMO: A estenose traqueal, também conhecida como “síndrome de Honker”, caracteriza-se pela formação edema e hemorragia na traqueia, causando obstrução parcial do lúmen e consequentemente morte dos animais. Sua etiologia ainda não está bem esclarecida. Descreve-se um caso de um bovino, fêmea de aptidão leiteira, três anos de idade com manifestação clínica de dispneia, e secreção de grande quantidade de espuma avermelhada pela boca e narina, e óbito após 10 minutos de evolução do quadro. No exame macroscópico, observou-se em traqueia área focalmente extensa de coágulo circundado por tecido conjuntivo na região dorsal, em áreas adjacentes havia espessamento da mucosa causado por edema e tecido conjuntivo. No exame microscópico observou-se em traqueia, hemorragia e coágulo em organização na submucosa estendendo-se para a mucosa, circundada por tecido conjuntivo fibroso bem diferenciado. Em mucosa adjacente, observou-se infiltrado inflamatório multifocal, moderado de linfócitos e plasmócitos e metaplasia escamosa do epitélio respiratório, multifocal moderada. Verificou-se no cultivo bacteriano que houve crescimento misto abundante somente de bactérias contaminantes e bactérias ambientais. Além disso, a técnica de RT-PCR para detecção Herpesvírus tipo 1 (BoHV-1) e 5 (BoHV-5) resultou negativa. Este foi o primeiro relato ao conhecimento dos autores, de estenose traqueal na América do Sul, bem como o primeiro descrito em bovino de aptidão leiteira.

ABSTRACT: Tracheal stenosis, also known as “Honker syndrome”, is characterized by tracheal edema and hemorrhage, leading to partial obstruction of the lumen; therefore, death. Its etiology is not yet well elucidated. A 3-year-old Holstein cow, with a history of dyspnea, and a large amount of reddish foam flowing from the mouth and nose, had died after 10 minutes of clinical signs. Macroscopic examination revealed focally extensive hemorrhage and clot organization in tracheal mucosa extending to the submucosa, surrounded by well-differentiated fibrous connective tissue. In adjacent mucosa was observed moderate multifocal inflammatory infiltrate composed by lymphocytes and plasma cells, as well as moderate squamous cell metaplasia. The bacterial culture showed growth of contaminant and environmental bacteria and the RT-PCR to detect Herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and 5 (BoHV-5) was negative. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first report of tracheal stenosis in South America, as well as the first report of this condition described in a Holstein cow.

RESUMO: Um bovino, fêmea, 4 anos com histórico de dificuldade respiratória, perda de peso progressiva e som cardíaco abafado, foi tratado por um período de duas semanas, porém veio a óbito e foi submetido a exame de necropsia. No exame macroscópico, notou-se coração com lesão proliferativa vegetativa firmemente aderida em valva pulmonar, pulmões com consolidação acentuada, e presença de trombos no interior de vasos. Havia ainda úlcera abomasal grau II em mucosa associada a coágulo sanguíneo. No exame microscópico notou-se acentuado espessamento da valva pulmonar por proliferação de tecido conjuntivo fibroso, infiltrado inflamatório de neutrófilos, deposição de fibrina e acentuado número de miríades bacterianas basofílicas cocoides. Tromboembolia séptica foi vista no interior de vasos pulmonares de pequeno e médio calibre, sugestivo de pneumonia embólica. Em cultivo bacteriano da valva notou-se crescimento de colônias pequenas, não hemolíticas que demonstravam satelitismo a colônias contaminantes de estafilococos coagulase negativa, essas foram submetidas ao sequenciamento do gene 16S e foram compatíveis com Helcococcus ovis no GenBank. Este foi o primeiro relato de endocardite por H. ovis em bovino na América do Sul.

ABSTRACT: A 4-year-old cow with a history of breathing difficulty, progressive weight loss, and muffled heart sound was treated for a period of two weeks, but died and underwent necropsy examination. Macroscopic examination revealed heart with vegetative proliferative lesion firmly adhered to pulmonary valve, lungs with marked consolidation, and the presence of thrombus in vessels. There were grade II ulcers in abomasal mucosa associated to blood clots. Microscopic examination revealed marked thickening of the pulmonary valve due to the proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, inflammatory neutrophil infiltration, fibrin deposition, and a significant number of coccoid basophilic bacteria. Septic thromboemboli were present in the large and small pulmonary blood vessels suggestive of embolic pneumonia. The bacterial culture of the valve showed growth of small, nonhemolytic colonies that demonstrated satellitism to coagulase-negative staphylococci contaminating colonies, which were subjected to 16S gene sequencing and were compatible with Helcococcus ovis in GenBank. This was the first report of H. ovis endocarditis in cattle in South America.

Resumo A adrenoleucodistrofia ligada ao X (X-ALD) representa um grupo de doenças caracterizadas pelo acúmulo de ácidos graxos de cadeia muito longa (VLCFAs) nos tecidos. Suas manifestações clínicas costumam ser múltiplas. Alterações visuais podem estar presentes, contudo costumam surgir mais tardiamente na doença. Descrevemos aqui o caso de um menino de 9 anos com X-ALD, cujo primeiro sintoma foi perda visual, iniciada aos 8 anos de idade. A sua avaliação oftalmológica não revelou alterações. Pouco tempo depois, ele sofreu um traumatismo craniano. A imagem de ressonância magnética de encéfalo revelou achados que levaram a suspeita de X-ALD. A dosagem dos VLCFAs no plasma confirmou este diagnóstico. Este relato tem como objetivo mostrar que em casos de perda visual com um exame oftalmológico normal, deve-se ter um alto índice de suspeita para condições como a X-ALD, pois a mesma afeta as vias corticais relacionadas à visão. Nessa doença, os achados da fundoscopia aparecem mais tardiamente.

Abstract X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) represents a group of diseases characterized by the accumulation of very long chain fattyacids (VLCFAs) in the tissues. Its clinical manifestations are usually manifold. Visual changes may be present, but they often appear later in the disease. We describe here the case of a 9-year-old boy with X-ALD, whose first symptom was visual loss, which began at 8 years of age. His ophthalmologic evaluation revealed no alterations. Shortly thereafter, he suffered a head injury. The magnetic resonance imaging of brain revealed findings that led to the suspicion of X-ALD. The plasma VLCFA dosage confirmed this diagnosis. This report aims toshow that in cases of visual loss with a normal ophthalmic examination, a high index of suspicion should be given for conditions suchas X-ALD, since it affects the cortical routes related to vision. Fundoscopy findings appear late in X-ALD.