Abstract Studies of risk perception and risk communication concerning the nuclear area are quite common in scientific literature. However, though numerous studies on this topic point to the importance of scientific and technological knowledge in facilitating the reduction of perceived risks, there are few papers that effectively discuss the role of education in risk communication on the subject, particularly in Brazil. The objective of the present work was to reflect on this problem by analyzing the results obtained from two case studies on the implementation of the Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor, in the city of Iperó, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. As was verified in the investigation, most participants of the study had high perception of risk with respect to the implementation of the reactor. Nevertheless, although important in the project of the reactor implementation, it was verified that the state, municipal and community schools of the city of Iperó had not participated, in the public hearings nor had they discussed the issue inside the school community, until the moment of the research.

Abstract Some researchers point out the decline in contemporary cities of the use of public spaces, whether free or restricted access. In this sense, the present essay proposes a reflection on a “public sphere of organized presence”, according to Habermas classification, as a rescue of the importance of this space for the exercise of citizenship and social-environmental responsibility. The reflection was based on the results obtained from a study in the district of Riacho Grande, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil, in which the environmental perception of the participants of the meetings about the region was known by documentary analysis, direct observation and interviews with questionnaires. It was possible to verify that this public space can facilitate a greater integration between the public administrators and citizens, helping even in the defense to the environment.

Uma cadela adulta, intacta, da raça Poodle, apresentou histórico de aumento de volume na mama inguinal direita. O exame histopatológico revelou proliferação de células fusiformes dispostas em bandas e arranjos concêntricos ao redor de vasos, os quais se apresentavam ocasionalmente colapsados. Três semanas após a cirurgia, o animal apresentou recorrência do tumor que se estendia até a vulva. No exame necroscópico, observou-se que a massa invadia a cavidade abdominal e presença de metástase no pulmão. O diagnóstico definitivo de hemangiopericitoma foi realizado por meio dos exames histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico. A metástase pulmonar do hemangiopericitoma canino é rara e não há relatos prévios de invasão direta para cavidade abdominal, como observado no presente caso.

An intact adult female Poodle dog was presented with a history of an increase in volume in the left and right mammary inguinal glands. The histopathological examination revealed a proliferation of spindle cells arranged in bundles with concentric arrangements surrounding blood vessels, occasionally collapsed. Three weeks after the surgery, the animal presented a recurrence of the tumor that extended from the left inguinal mammary gland to the vulva. Necropsy revealed direct invasion of the abdominal cavity by the tumor and pulmonary metastasis. The definitive diagnosis of hemangiopericytoma was made by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. Pulmonary metastasis of CHP (canine hemangiopericytoma) is rare and there is no previous report of direct invasion to the abdominal cavity as observed in the present case.

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Estudos evidenciam a importância da monitoração da função neuromuscular na prevenção do bloqueio residual. No entanto, a maioria dos anestesistas em sua prática diária se abaliza em dados clínicos para avaliar a recuperação da função neuromuscular. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de bloqueio neuromuscular em crianças submetidas à anestesia geral no momento da reversão do bloqueio e da retirada da cânula endotraqueal. MÉTODO: Foram avaliadas crianças entre 3 meses e 12 anos, submetidas à anestesia geral com uso de atracúrio ou rocurônio. A monitoração foi iniciada no momento da reversão do bloqueio neuromuscular e/ou retirada da cânula endotraqueal. O anestesiologista não era informado sobre o valor de T4/T1; apenas era alertado quando o momento era inadequado para a retirada da cânula endotraqueal. Houve registro do grau de bloqueio neuromuscular desde o início da monitoração, bem como do intervalo para a recuperação da relação T4/T1 > 0,9, doses de bloqueador e neostigmina utilizadas, fração expirada do agente inalatório, duração da anestesia, temperatura central e periférica. RESULTADOS: O bloqueio neuromuscular foi revertido em 80% das crianças no Grupo Rocurônio e 64,5% no Grupo Atracúrio. A reversão foi incorreta em 45,8 % do Grupo Rocurônio e 25% do Grupo Atracúrio. A incidência de T4/T1 < 0,9 no momento da retirada da cânula endotraqueal foi de 10% em ambos os grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Na decisão de retirada da cânula endotraqueal, com base em critérios clínicos, 10% das crianças apresentavam T4/T1 < 0,9, independentemente do bloqueador recebido. Um número considerável de pacientes teve o bloqueio neuromuscular revertido de maneira incorreta, quando o bloqueio ainda era profundo demais ou mesmo já estava recuperado.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Studies show the importance of monitoring neuromuscular function in preventing the residual block. However, most anesthesiologists in their daily practice base their evaluation of the recovery of neuromuscular function on clinical data. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of neuromuscular blockade in children undergoing general anesthesia at the time of block reversal and the removal of the endotracheal tube. METHOD: We evaluated children between 3 months and 12 years of age undergoing general anesthesia with the use of atracurium or rocuronium. Monitoring was initiated at the time of reversal of neuromuscular blockade and/or removal of the endotracheal tube. The anesthesiologist was not informed about the T4/T1 value; he/she was only alerted when the time was inadequate for the removal of the endotracheal tube. Since the start of the monitoring process, the degree of neuromuscular blockade was registered, as well as the interval of recovery of the T4/T1 > 0,9 ratio, the doses of neostigmine and blocker used, the expired fraction of the inhalational agent, the duration of the anesthesia, and core and peripheral temperatures. RESULTS: Neuromuscular blockade was reversed in 80% of the children of the Rocuronium Group and in 64.5% of the Atracurium Group. The reversal was incorrect in 45.8% of the Rocuronium Group and in 25% of the Atracurium Group. The incidence of T4/T1 < 0.9 at the time of the removal of the endotracheal tube was 10% in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: When deciding to remove the endotracheal tube based on clinical criteria, 10% of children had T4/T1 < 0.9 regardless the blocker received. A considerable number of patients had the neuromuscular blockade incorrectly reversed when the blockade was still too deep or even already recovered.

JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: Algunos estudios demuestran la importancia de la monitorización de la función neuromuscular en la prevención del bloqueo residual. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los anestesiólogos en su práctica diaria, se basa en datos clínicos para evaluar la recuperación de la función neuromuscular. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el grado de bloqueo neuromuscular en niños sometidos a la anestesia general, en el momento de la reversión del bloqueo y de la retirada de la cánula endotraqueal. MÉTODO: Se evaluaron niños entre 3 meses y 12 años, sometidos a la anestesia general con el uso de atracurio o rocuronio. La monitorización se inició al momento de la reversión del bloqueo neuromuscular y/o retirada de la cánula endotraqueal. El anestesiólogo no conocía el valor de T4/T1; apenas se le avisaba cuando el momento no era el adecuado para la retirada de la cánula endotraqueal. Se registró el grado de bloqueo neuromuscular desde el inicio de la monitorización, como también el intervalo para la recuperación de la relación T4/T1 < 0,9, dosis de bloqueante y neostigmina utilizadas, fracción expirada del agente inhalatorio, duración de la anestesia, temperatura central y periférica. RESULTADOS: El bloqueo neuromuscular fue revertido en un 80% de los niños en el Grupo Rocuronio y en un 64,5% en el Grupo Atracurio. La reversión fue incorrecta en un 45,8 % del Grupo Rocuronio y en un 25% del Grupo Atracurio. La incidencia de T4/T1 < 0,9 al momento de la retirada de la cánula endotraqueal fue de un 10% en los dos grupos. CONCLUSIONES: En la toma de decisión de la retirada de la cánula endotraqueal, en base a los criterios clínicos, el 10% de los niños presentaron T4/T1 < 0,9, independientemente del bloqueante recibido. Un número considerable de pacientes tuvo el bloqueo neuromuscular revertido de manera incorrecta, cuando el bloqueo todavía era muy profundo o incluso cuando ya se había recuperado.

Chorispora tenella (Pall.)DC., is registered for first time for Chilean territory as an alien species. A brief description and illustration is given. The specimens here cited were collected at the Yeso valley, at 2400 m altitude (33°41'S -70°06'W)