ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to characterize retinitis pigmentosa associated with the eyes shut homolog gene, which causes hereditary retinal degeneration. Methods: The anatomical and functional findings of retinitis pigmentosa in patients with variants of the eyes shut homolog gene were characterized and compared using multimodal imaging and genetic analysis of the variants. Clinical data such as visual acuity, lens status, and refraction were obtained from medical records. Patients underwent an ophthalmic examination, including static visual field, microperimetry, optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence, and fundus photography. Results: Twenty-two patients were included in the study. Several anatomical and functional characteristics of retinitis pigmentosa-eyes shut homolog were identified, including the presence of cataracts, cystoid macular edema, epiretinal membrane, and a tubular visual field. Genetic results revealed 26 distinct variants in the cohort, with 7 novel variants not previously documented or reported in the scientific literature or databases. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that eyes shut homolog-retinitis pigmentosa manifests in specific patterns, starting in adolescence with mild progression and advancing with age. The integration of multimodal imaging and genetic analysis has provided a detailed understanding of the anatomical and functional features of retinitis pigmentosa-eyes shut homolog. Seven novel variants of the eyes shut homolog gene have been identified. These findings enhance the understanding of eyes shut homolog-related retinitis pigmentosa characteristics of by detailing the spectrum of mutations in this gene within the Brazilian population. Purpose degeneration Methods acuity status records examination field microperimetry tomography autofluorescence photography Results Twentytwo Twenty two pigmentosaeyes identified cataracts edema membrane 2 cohort databases Conclusion homologretinitis patterns age homologrelated related population

ABSTRACT Brazil is the world’s largest producer of passion fruit, with the species Passiflora edulis Sims (yellow and purple passion fruit) being the most popular commercially. Due to the great economic importance of this culture, seeking high productivity, phytotechnical quality, and maintenance of existing germplasms, among others, it is necessary to carry out studies of the most diverse types of this culture. In this crop, the use of multivariate techniques has increasingly driven studies on genetic differences between passion fruit species. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the variables that deserve greater emphasis in experiments with two commercial species of Passiflora: Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis (purple passion fruit) and Passiflora edulis Sims (yellow passion fruit), verifying if the species differ from each other. For this purpose, principal component analysis, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), and Hotelling’s T2 test were performed. The principal component analysis proved to be effective, allowing the removal of five variables for yellow passion fruit and six variables for purple passion fruit and yellow passion fruit present contrasting differences between them, being the explanatory variables for the purple passion fruit the external and internal color and for the yellow passion fruit length, diameter, and citric acid. worlds world s commercially culture productivity quality germplasms others crop Therefore f , other purpose MANOVA, MANOVA (MANOVA) Hotellings Hotelling T performed effective them length diameter acid (MANOVA

RESUMO O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de maracujá, sendo a espécie Passiflora edulis Sims (maracujá-amarelo e roxo), a de maior expressão comercial. Devido à grande importância econômica desta cultura, buscando alta produtividade, qualidade fitotécnica e manutenção dos germoplasmas existentes, entre outros, faz-se necessário estudos dos mais diversos tipos sobre esta cultura. Nesta cultura, a utilização de técnicas multivariadas tem impulsionado cada vez mais os estudos referentes a divergências genéticas entre espécies de maracujá. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho foi identificar as variáveis que merecem maior destaque em experimentos com duas espécies comerciais de Passiflora: Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis (maracujá-roxo) e Passiflora edulis Sims (maracujá-amarelo), verificando se as espécies diferem entre si. Para tanto, foram realizadas a análise de componentes principais, análise multivariada da variância (MANOVA) e o teste T2 de Hotelling. As espécies maracujá-roxo e maracujá-amarelo, apresentam diferenças contrastantes entre si; as variáveis explicativas para o maracujá-roxo são coloração externa e interna, e para maracujá-amarelo são comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos, acidez, Brix, espessura da casa e rendimento do suco. A análise de componentes principais mostrou-se eficaz, permitindo a retirada de cinco variáveis para o maracujá amarelo e seis variáveis para o maracujá roxo. Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis (maracujá roxo) e Passiflora edulis Sims (maracujá amarelo) apresentam diferenças contrastantes entre si, sendo as variáveis explicativas para o maracujá roxo a cor externa e interna e para o maracujá-amarelo comprimento, diâmetro e ácido cítrico. maracujáamarelo roxo, , comercial cultura produtividade existentes outros fazse faz disso f maracujároxo (maracujá-roxo maracujáamarelo, (maracujá-amarelo) si tanto MANOVA (MANOVA T Hotelling amarelo, frutos acidez Brix suco mostrouse mostrou eficaz cítrico

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated chromium and quantitative and qualitative feed restriction as alternative nutritional strategies to ractopamine in finishing barrows. Fifty barrows, genetically similar, with an initial body weight of 99.0 ± 4.3 kg and a final body weight of 117.2 ± 5.8 kg were used. The animals were distributed in a randomized complete block design with five nutritional treatments (Control; Rac = 10ppm ractopamine; Chromium = 0,8mg chromium yeast; Quality = qualitative restriction, 7.5% less net energy in the diet; Quanti = 15% quantitative reduction in feed supply), with five replicates and two animals per replicate. Chromium supplementation and quantitative feed restriction reduced feed, lysine, net energy, and crude protein intakes (P < 0.05). Chromium, ractopamine, and quantitative restriction improved feed conversion (P < 0.05). Supplementation with chromium and ractopamine and feed restriction did not influence the carcass characteristics of the pigs (P < 0.05). Quantitative feed restriction and supplementation of 0.8mg of chromium yeast are presented as potential alternatives to ractopamine in the diet of finishing pigs.

RESUMO: O estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o cromo e restrições alimentares quantitativa e qualitativa como estratégias nutricionais alternativas a ractopamina para suínos machos castrados em terminação. Foram utilizados 50 suínos machos castrados, geneticamente similares, com peso inicial de 99,0 ± 4,3 kg e final de 117,2 ± 5,8 kg. Os animais foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso em cinco tratamentos nutricionais (Controle; Rac = 10ppm de ractopamina; Cromo = 0,8mg de cromo levedura; Qualit = restrição qualitativa com menos 7,5% de energia líquida na dieta e Quanti = redução quantitativa de 15% no fornecimento de ração), com cinco repetições e dois animais por repetição. A suplementação de cromo e a restrição alimentar quantitativa reduziram (P < 0,05) os consumos de ração, lisina digestível, energia líquida e proteína bruta. O cromo, a ractopamina e a restrição quantitativa melhoraram (P < 0,05) a conversão alimentar. A suplementação de cromo, ractopamina e as restrições alimentares não influenciam (P < 0,05) as características de carcaça dos suínos. A restrição alimentar quantitativa e a suplementação de 0,8 mg de cromo levedura se apresentam como potenciais alternativas para a substituição da ractopamina nas dietas.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the position of bait nests on the capture of stingless bee species. The experiment was conducted in the rural area of the municipality of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, from May 2022 to September 2022. Thirty bait nests were distributed in a randomized block design, with two treatments (A: bait nests set up one meter above the ground, and B: bait nests buried in the ground), with 15 replications per treatment. Of treatment B, two baits were nested by jataí (Tetragonisca angustula), and two were nested by Mandaguari-preta (Scaptotrigona postica). Therefore, the position of the bait nest influenced (p < 0.05) the success in capturing stingless bee species, in which treatment B, with baits buried in the ground, was significantly superior to treatment A, with baits set up one meter above the ground. ABSTRACT species Grande Sul 202 design A (A ground B , ground) 1 Tetragonisca angustula, angustula angustula) Mandaguaripreta Mandaguari preta Scaptotrigona postica. postica . postica) Therefore p 0.05 005 0 05 20 0.0 00 2 0.

Abstract Objective The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior are still the subject of studies. It is hypothesized that the pandemic may have contributed to the development of suicidal ideation by intensifying psychosocial risk factors. Our objective was to investigate such correlated factors in Brazil. Method The study used an online and cross-sectional survey encompassing 448 adult participants. Sociodemographic questionnaires and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire were used, and binary logistic regression was employed to identify predictors. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 22.3%. The results indicate that people who self-identified as black and brown (OR = 2.42), who were part of the risk group for COVID-19 (OR = 2.41), and who reported more psychological symptoms (OR = 1.50) were more likely to have suicidal ideation. Conclusion Public policies to prevent suicidal behavior and promote mental health in the most vulnerable groups might be needed beyond the pandemic context, especially among the black population. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 studies Brazil crosssectional cross sectional 44 participants SelfReporting Self Reporting predictors 223 22 3 22.3% selfidentified self identified OR 2.42, 242 2.42 , 2 42 2.42) 2.41, 241 2.41 41 2.41) 1.50 150 1 50 context population COVID1 COVID- 4 22.3 24 2.4 1.5 15 5 22. 2. 1.

Resumo Objetivos Os efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 no comportamento suicida continuam sendo tema de estudos. Hipotetiza-se que a pandemia pode ter contribuído para a ideação suicida ao intensificar fatores de risco psicossociais. Nosso objetivo foi investigar tais fatores correlatos no Brasil. Método Este estudo realizou uma coleta de dados online e transversal, englobando 448 participantes adultos. Utilizaram-se questionários sociodemográficos e o Self-Reporting Questionnaire, empregando-se regressão logística binária para identificação de preditores. Resultados A prevalência de ideação suicida foi de 22,3%. Os resultados apontam que pessoas autoidentificadas como negros e pardos (OR = 2,42), que faziam parte do grupo de risco para COVID-19 (OR = 2,41), e que reportaram mais sintomas psicológicos (OR = 1,50) tiveram maior chance de apresentar ideação suicida. Conclusão Políticas públicas de prevenção do comportamento suicida e promoção de saúde mental nos grupos mais vulneráveis podem ser necessárias para além do contexto pandêmico, sobretudo entre a população negra. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 estudos Hipotetizase Hipotetiza se psicossociais Brasil transversal 44 adultos Utilizaramse Utilizaram SelfReporting Self Reporting Questionnaire empregandose empregando preditores 223 22 3 22,3% OR 2,42, 242 2,42 , 2 42 2,42) 2,41, 241 2,41 41 2,41) 1,50 150 1 50 pandêmico negra COVID1 COVID- 4 22,3 24 2,4 1,5 15 5 22, 2, 1,

Abstract Background: Loxoscelism refers to a set of clinical manifestations caused by the bite of spiders from the Loxosceles genus. The classic clinical symptoms are characterized by an intense inflammatory reaction at the bite site followed by local necrosis and can be classified as cutaneous loxoscelism. This cutaneous form presents difficult healing, and the proposed treatments are not specific or effective. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of mesenchymal stromal cells-derived secretome on dermonecrosis induced by Loxosceles intermedia spider venom in rabbits. Methods: Sixteen rabbits were distributed into four groups (n = 4). Except for group 1 (G1), which received only PBS, the other three groups (G2, G3, and G4) were initially challenged with 10 μg of L. intermedia venom, diluted in 100 μL of NaCl 0.9%, by intradermic injection in the interscapular region. Thirty minutes after the challenge all groups were treated with secretome, except for group 2. Group 1 (G1-control group) received intradermal injection (ID) of 60 μg of secretome in 0.15 M PBS; Group 2 (G2) received 0.9% NaCl via ID; Group 3 (G3) received 60 μg of secretome, via ID and Group 4 (G4), received 60 μg of secretome by intravenous route. Rabbits were evaluated daily and after 15 days were euthanized, necropsied and skin samples around the necrotic lesions were collected for histological analysis. Results: Rabbits of G1 did not present edema, erythema, hemorrhagic halo, or necrosis. In animals from G2, G3, and G4, edema appeared after 6h. However, minor edema was observed in the animals of G2 and G3. Hemorrhagic halo was observed in animals, six hours and three days after, on G2, G3, and G4. Macroscopically, in G4, only one animal out of four had a lesion that evolved into a dermonecrotic wound. No changes were observed in the skin of the animals of G1, by microscopic evaluation. All animals challenged with L. intermedia venom showed similar alterations, such as necrosis and heterophilic infiltration. However, animals from G4 showed fibroblast activation, early development of connective tissue, neovascularization, and tissue re-epithelialization, indicating a more prominent healing process. Conclusion: These results suggest that secretome from mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in a xeno-free and human component-free culture media can be promising to treat dermonecrosis caused after Loxosceles spiders bite envenoming. Background genus loxoscelism effective cellsderived derived Methods n 4. . 4) G , (G1) PBS (G2 G3 L 09 0 9 region G1control Gcontrol control (ID 6 015 0.1 0.9 (G3 (G4) route euthanized analysis Results erythema 6h h However Macroscopically wound evaluation alterations infiltration activation neovascularization reepithelialization, reepithelialization re epithelialization, epithelialization re-epithelialization process Conclusion xenofree xeno free componentfree component envenoming (G1 (G 01 0. (G4

Abstract The septic tank is commonly used for treating domestic effluents, especially decentralized treatment. However, it requires periodic maintenance, including the removal, treatment, and disposal of sludge, which can be difficult and costly. An alternative approach, aligned with the principles of the circular economy, is the use of wetlands sludge management units (WSMU). In this study, a bench-scale experiment was conducted using six WSMU (0.0177 m2 each) planted with Canna x generalis. Different total solids (TS) loads (15, 28, and 42 kg TS m-2 year-1) and saturation levels (0.10 m and 0.20 m) were tested, and a super-loading strategy was adopted at the beginning of the operation. Monitoring and analyses were carried out over the first 150 days of operation. The results demonstrated that already at the beginning of the operation, high removal efficiencies were obtained, especially in units with a 0.20 m saturation level, reaching 80% for TS, 93% for chemical oxygen demand, 98% for total Kjeldahl nitrogen, and 97% for orthophosphate. This work showed that WSMU are capable of a high level of treatment even with high solids loads at the beginning of operation. Furthermore, these results indicate that even larger loads can be tested to optimize treatment performance and reduce area demand. Thus, the WSMU configuration, as well as the operational strategies adopted in this paper, can be used in future, long-term, and full-scale research to better understand the active treatment mechanisms. effluents However maintenance costly approach economy WSMU. . (WSMU) study benchscale bench scale 0.0177 00177 0 0177 (0.017 each generalis (TS 15, 15 (15 28 4 2 m- year1 year 1 year-1 0.10 010 10 (0.1 020 20 0.2 superloading super loading operation obtained 80 93 demand 98 nitrogen 97 orthophosphate Furthermore Thus configuration paper future longterm, longterm long term, term long-term fullscale full mechanisms (WSMU 0.017 0017 017 (0.01 (1 year- 0.1 01 (0. 02 0. 8 9 0.01 001 (0.0 ( (0 0.0 00

Resumo O tanque séptico é comumente utilizado para o tratamento de efluentes domésticos, especialmente em tratamentos descentralizados, no entanto ele requer manutenção periódica, incluindo a remoção, o tratamento e a disposição do lodo, o que pode ser difícil e custoso. Uma abordagem alternativa, alinhada aos princípios da economia circular, é o uso de unidades de gestão de lodo wetlands (UGLW). Neste estudo, foi realizado um experimento em escala de bancada utilizando seis UGLW (0,0177 m2 cada uma), plantadas com Canna x generalis. Foram testadas diferentes cargas de sólidos totais (ST) (15, 28 e 42 kg ST m-2 ano-1) e níveis de saturação (0,10 e 0,20 m), e uma estratégia de supercarga foi adotada no início da operação. O monitoramento e as análises foram realizados nos primeiros 150 dias de operação. Os resultados demonstraram que, já no início da operação, foram obtidas altas eficiências de remoção, especialmente nas unidades com nível de saturação de 0,20 m, atingindo 80% para ST, 93% para demanda química de oxigênio, 98% para nitrogênio total Kjeldahl e 97% para ortofosfato. Este trabalho mostrou que as UGLW são capazes de realizar um tratamento de alto nível, mesmo com cargas elevadas de sólidos no início da operação. Além disso, esses resultados indicam que cargas ainda maiores podem ser testadas para otimizar o desempenho do tratamento e reduzir a demanda de área. Assim, a configuração das UGLW, bem como as estratégias operacionais adotadas neste artigo, pode ser utilizada em pesquisas futuras, de longo prazo e em grande escala, para melhor compreender os mecanismos ativos de tratamento. domésticos descentralizados periódica remoção custoso alternativa circular UGLW. . (UGLW) estudo 0,0177 00177 0 0177 (0,017 m uma, , uma) generalis (ST 15, 15 (15 2 4 m- ano1 ano 1 ano-1 0,10 010 10 (0,1 020 20 0,2 m) operação 80 93 oxigênio 98 97 ortofosfato disso área Assim artigo futuras (UGLW 0,017 0017 017 (0,01 (1 ano- 0,1 01 (0, 02 0, 8 9 0,01 001 (0,0 ( (0 0,0 00

Resumo Com a ocorrência da chamada “Revolução Cognitiva”, em meados do século XX, surgiu um novo campo de conhecimento intitulado de Cognitivismo, que possui a cognição como seu objeto de estudo e o rigor dos métodos científicos como seu meio de investigação. Desde então, o Cognitivismo se tornou uma importante orientação teórica da Psicologia, contemplando áreas como a Psicologia Cognitiva, Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental, Neurociência Cognitiva, Linguística e Inteligência Artificial. Assim como em todas as abordagens, a Psicologia Cognitiva, foco de análise neste trabalho, também está baseada em um pano de fundo de pressupostos filosóficos, os quais ainda são pouco explorados no meio acadêmico. Visando preencher esta lacuna, o objetivo deste artigo teórico é descrever, de forma introdutória, os fundamentos ontológicos, epistemológicos e metodológicos da Psicologia Cognitiva, com vistas a aprofundar o entendimento teórico e metodológico sobre a temática abordada. São apresentados: 1) os fundamentos ontológicos da Psicologia Cognitiva, contemplando sua visão de mundo e de Ser Humano; 2) a exposição dos pressupostos epistemológicos da Psicologia Cognitiva, caracterizando a natureza, o método e os limites do conhecimento; e 3) os fundamentos metodológicos da Psicologia Cognitiva, por meio do seu enfoque individual, pesquisa multidisciplinar e quatro etapas do processo de pesquisa. Dessa forma, conhecer e compreender esses fundamentos pode auxiliar no entendimento de qual perspectiva a Psicologia Cognitiva adota para estudar e explicar o funcionamento psicológico, considerando a sua lógica, o seu escopo, e os limites inerentes a tais fundamentos.

Summary With the occurrence of the so-called “Cognitive Revolution”, in the middle of the 20th century, a new field of knowledge entitled Cognitivism emerged, which has cognition as its object of study and the rigor of scientific methods as its means of investigation. Since then, Cognitivism has become an important theoretical orientation in Psychology, covering areas such as Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Neuroscience, Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence. As with all approaches, Cognitive Psychology, which is the focus of analysis in this work, is also based on a backdrop of philosophical assumptions, which are still little explored in academia. Aiming to fill this gap, the objective of this theoretical article is to describe, in an introductory way, the ontological, epistemological and methodological foundations of Cognitive Psychology, with a view to deepening the theoretical and methodological understanding of the theme addressed. The following are presented: 1) the ontological foundations of Cognitive Psychology, contemplating its vision of the world and of the Human Being; 2) exposition of the epistemological assumptions of Cognitive Psychology, characterizing the nature, method and limits of knowledge; and 3) the methodological foundations of Cognitive Psychology, through its individual focus, multidisciplinary research and four stages of the research process. Therefore, knowing and understanding these fundamentals can help in understanding the perspective from which Cognitive Psychology adopts to study and explain psychological functioning, considering its logic, its scope, as well as the inherent limits of such fundamentals.

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, occurs most commonly in Latin America. As the treatment is highly toxic and ineffective in the chronic phase of the disease, alternative treatments are needed. Through quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling (QSAR) analysis using ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening methods, we predicted the trypanocidal potential of 47 neolignans against three targets, the enzymes cruzain, trypanothione reductase, and sterol 14-alpha demethylase. A combined analysis allowed for the selection of potent inhibitors against Trypanosoma cruzi. Of these compounds, two were isolated and shown to inhibit the growth of epimastigotes at concentrations of 9.64 and 8.72 µM, and trypomastigote forms at 4.88 and 2.73 µM. Therefore, the compounds (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydro-2 (4 methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(E)-propenylbenzofuran (46) and ottomentosa (47) may be a good option of growth inhibitors for the parasite stages and warrant additional study. disease cruzi America needed structureactivity structure activity QSAR (QSAR ligandbased ligand based structurebased methods 4 targets cruzain reductase 14alpha alpha 14 demethylase 964 9 64 9.6 872 8 72 8.7 µM 488 88 4.8 273 2 73 2.7 Therefore 2R, 2R R (2R 3R2,3dihydro2 3R23dihydro2 Rdihydro 3R 2,3 dihydro 3 3R)-2,3-dihydro- ( methoxyphenyl3methyl5Epropenylbenzofuran methoxyphenylmethylEpropenylbenzofuran methoxyphenyl methyl 5 E propenylbenzofuran 46 (46 (47 study 1 96 6 9. 87 7 8. 48 4. 27 2. 3R2 3dihydro2 3R2,3dihydro 3R23dihydro 23 2, 3R)-2,3-dihydro Epropenylbenzofuran 3dihydro

Resumo Objetivo Entre as diretrizes do Ministério da Saúde para controle do tabagismo está o Programa de Cessação do Tabagismo, desenvolvido pelo Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Esta revisão objetiva descrever as pesquisas que aplicaram o Programa de Cessação do Tabagismo, analisando seus procedimentos, efeitos, potencialidades e limitadores. Método Foram avaliados artigos das bases PubMed, PsycINFO, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde e Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online publicados entre 2002 e 2019 e encontrados através de busca que usou os descritores: “Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabagismo” e “cessação do tabagismo” em português, espanhol e inglês. Foram pré-selecionados 1670 artigos, dos quais 15 foram elegíveis para análise final. Resultados Os resultados mostraram taxas de adesão ao tratamento de 33% a 100%, taxas de sucesso de 15% a 85% após a intervenção e de 21% a 51% seis meses após o final do tratamento. Essa variabilidade pode estar relacionada à falta de padronização e baixa fidelidade na aplicação do Programa, que propõe tratar as dependências física, psicológica e comportamental. Conclusão Recomenda-se investimento em capacitação técnica e monitoramento dos registros. Tabagismo Câncer procedimentos efeitos limitadores PubMed PsycINFO 200 201 descritores cessação português inglês préselecionados pré selecionados 167 1 33 100 100% 85 21 51 física comportamental Recomendase Recomenda se registros 20 16 3 10 8 2 5

Abstract Objective Brazil Health Ministry’s guidelines for tobacco control include the Smoking Cessation Program, developed by the Instituto Nacional de Câncer of Brazil. This review aims to describe the studies in which this Program has been applied, reviewing its procedures, effects, potential and limitations. Method Articles from PubMed, PsycINFO, Virtual Health Library and Scientific Electronic Library Online, published between 2002 and 2019, were evaluated, using the descriptors “Smoking Cessation Program” and “smoking cessation” in Portuguese, Spanish and English. A total of 1670 articles were pre-selected, of which 15 resulted eligible for final assessment. Results The results showed adherence rates from 33% to 100%, success rates from 15% to 85% after the intervention and 21% to 51% six months after treatment completion. This variability may be related to the lack of standardization and poor fidelity in the application of the Program, which intends to treat physical, psychological and behavioral dependence. Conclusion Investment in technical training and record monitoring is suggested. Ministrys Ministry s applied procedures effects limitations PubMed PsycINFO Online 200 2019 evaluated smoking cessation Portuguese English 167 preselected, preselected pre selected, selected pre-selected 1 assessment 33 100 100% 85 21 51 completion physical dependence suggested 20 201 16 3 10 8 2 5

Abstract Schizophrenia is an illness that affects 26 million people worldwide. However, conventional antipsychotics present side effects and toxicity, highlighting the need for new antipsychotics. We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of haloperidol (HAL), clozapine (CLO), and a new molecule with antipsychotic potential, PT-31, in NIH-3T3 cells. The neutral red uptake assay and the MTT assay were performed to evaluate cell viability and mitochondrial activity, morphological changes were assessed, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection was performed. HAL and CLO (0.1 μM) showed a decrease in cell viability in the neutral red uptake assay and in the MTT assay. In addition, cell detachment, content decrease, rounding and cell death were also observed at 0.1 μM for both antipsychotics. An increase in ROS was observed for HAL (0.001, 0.01 and 1 μM) and CLO (0.01 and 1 μM). PT-31 did not alter cell viability in any of the assays, although it increased ROS at 0.01 and 1 μM. HAL and CLO present cytotoxicity at 0.1 μM, possibly through apoptosis and necrosis. In contrast, PT-31 does not present cytotoxicity to NIH-3T3 cells. Further studies must be performed for a better understanding of these mechanisms and the potential risk of conventional antipsychotics. 2 worldwide However toxicity HAL, , (HAL) CLO, (CLO) PT31, PT31 PT 31, 31 NIH3T3 NIHT NIH 3T3 T NIH-3T cells activity assessed (ROS 01 0 (0. addition detachment 0. 0.001, 0001 001 (0.001 0.0 (0.0 . PT-3 assays necrosis contrast (HAL (CLO PT3 3 NIH3T 3T (0 0.001 000 00 (0.00 PT- ( 0.00

RESUMO Objetivo: O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) afeta o desenvolvimento cognitivo e a interação social em diferentes níveis. Fatores genéticos e ambientais estão associados a TEA secundário. A herança genética é principalmente poligênica e, em 10%, são variações do número de cópias (CNV). A hibridização genômica comparativa de array (array-CGH) é usada para identificar CNV. Este relato objetivou discutir o TEA e seu diagnóstico por array-CGH, destacando a associação com a duplicação patogênica do 17q12q21.2. Descrição do caso: Um bebê do sexo masculino nasceu com 37 semanas de gestação por cesariana. A criança apresentou atraso no desenvolvimento, andando aos dois anos e um mês e falando aos quatro, exibindo estrabismo, criptorquidia, hipertelorismo e saliência frontal. Aos dois anos, o array-CGH de sangue periférico revelou duplicação de 5,6 Mb 17q12q21.2 ou arr 17q12q21.2 (34.815.527-40.213.109) x3 abrangendo 190 genes, incluindo HNF1B e LHX1. A criança foi clinicamente diagnosticada com TEA. Comentários: Alterações no segmento 17q12, como a duplicação encontrada, têm sido associadas ao desenvolvimento de patologias renais e distúrbios comportamentais. Localizado nessa região cromossômica, o HNF1B codifica um membro da superfamília que contém o domínio dos fatores de transcrição. Outro gene foi associado a anormalidades neurológicas, em relação às deleções 17q12, o LHX1, como mostrado neste caso. O LHX1 desempenha um papel na migração e diferenciação dos neurônios GABA, modulando a sobrevivência dos interneurônios pré-ópticos e afetando, assim, a migração e distribuição celular no córtex. Mudanças nesse controle resultam em falhas no desenvolvimento dos interneurônios, contribuindo para a fisiopatologia das doenças psiquiátricas. Objetivo (TEA níveis secundário 10 10% CNV . (CNV) arrayCGH CGH (array-CGH arrayCGH, CGH, 17q12q212 qq 17q12q21 2 q caso 3 cesariana quatro estrabismo criptorquidia frontal 56 5 6 5, 17q12q21. 34.815.52740.213.109 3481552740213109 34.815.527 40.213.109 34 815 527 40 213 109 (34.815.527-40.213.109 x 19 genes HNFB HNF B LHX Comentários 17q12 encontrada comportamentais cromossômica transcrição neurológicas GABA préópticos pré ópticos afetando assim córtex psiquiátricas 1 (CNV 17q12q2 52740 34.815.52740.213.10 348155274021310 34815527 34.815.52 40213109 40.213.10 81 52 4 21 (34.815.527-40.213.10 17q1 17q12q 5274 34.815.52740.213.1 34815527402131 3481552 34.815.5 4021310 40.213.1 8 (34.815.527-40.213.1 17q 34.815.52740.213. 3481552740213 348155 34.815. 402131 40.213. (34.815.527-40.213. 34.815.52740.213 348155274021 34815 34.815 40213 40.213 (34.815.527-40.213 34.815.52740.21 34815527402 3481 34.81 4021 40.21 (34.815.527-40.21 34.815.52740.2 3481552740 348 34.8 402 40.2 (34.815.527-40.2 34.815.52740. 348155274 34. 40. (34.815.527-40. 34.815.52740 (34.815.527-40 34.815.5274 (34.815.527-4 (34.815.527- (34.815.527 (34.815.52 (34.815.5 (34.815. (34.815 (34.81 (34.8 (34. (34 (3 (

ABSTRACT Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects cognitive development and social interaction on different levels. Genetic and environmental factors are associated with secondary ASD. Genetic inheritance is mainly polygenic, and 10% are copy number variations (CNVs). Array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) is used to identify CNVs. This report aimed to discuss autism spectrum disorder and its diagnosis by array comparative genomic hybridization, highlighting the association with the pathogenic duplication of 17q12q21.2. Case description: A male baby was born at 37 weeks’ gestation by cesarean section. The child showed strabismus, cryptorchidism, hypertelorism, frontal bossing, and developmental delay, walking at 25 months and talking at 4 years. At the age of 2 years, array-CGH of peripheral blood revealed a 5.6-Mb 17q12q21.2 duplication or arr 17q12q21.2 (34,815,527-40,213.109)x3 encompassing 190 genes, including HNF-1B and LHX1. The child was clinically diagnosed with ASD. Comments: Changes in the 17q12 segment, such as the duplication found, have been associated with the development of several problems in previous studies, mainly kidney diseases and behavioral disorders. Located at this chromosome region, HNF1's homeobox B codes a member of the superfamily containing homeodomain of transcription factors. Another gene associated with abnormalities in neurological development regarding 17q12 deletions is LHX1, as shown in this case study. LHX1 plays a role in the migration and differentiation of GABA neurons, modulating the survival of pre-optical interneurons, thus affecting cellular migration and distribution in the cortex. Changes in this control result in flaws in interneuron development, contributing to the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases. Objective ASD (ASD levels polygenic 10 CNVs . (CNVs) arrayCGH CGH (array-CGH 17q12q212 qq 17q12q21 q description 3 weeks section strabismus cryptorchidism hypertelorism bossing delay years 5.6Mb 56Mb Mb 5.6 5 6 17q12q21. 34,815,52740,213.109x3 3481552740213109x3 x 34,815,527 40,213.109 x3 34 815 527 40 213 109 (34,815,527-40,213.109)x 19 genes HNF1B HNFB HNF 1B LHX Comments 17q1 segment found studies disorders region HNF1s HNFs HNF1 s study neurons preoptical pre optical interneurons cortex 1 (CNVs 17q12q2 6Mb 56 5. 52740 109x3 34,815,52740,213.109x 3481552740213109x 34815527 34,815,52 40213109 40,213.10 81 52 21 17q 17q12q 5274 109x 3481552 34,815,5 4021310 40,213.1 8 348155 34,815, 402131 40,213. 34815 34,815 40213 40,213 3481 34,81 4021 40,21 348 34,8 402 40,2 34, 40,

Abstract Resolution 658/2022 of the Brazilian Regulatory Agency requires the determination of the permitted daily exposure (PDE) of pharmaceutical agents. Ginkgo biloba L. is used therapeutically to treat memory deficits and other brain diseases. However, published results indicate that more studies are needed to confirm the safety of Ginkgo biloba. This study aimed to evaluate the dry extract of Ginkgo biloba L. leaves PDE as an ingredient in an oral pharmaceutical product in preclinical studies using mice. Acute oral toxicity and repeated dose experiments were performed based on OECD guidelines, as well as genotoxicity tests. The results indicate that Ginkgo biloba L. has low acute toxicity, no liver toxicity, and does not alter blood glucose levels. No changes in weight gain were observed, but food intake decreased in males during the first week of treatment at the highest dose. Hematological parameters were not altered in males, whereas females presented lower leukocyte and lymphocyte counts and higher neutrophil counts at the highest dose. The lipid profile was not altered in males, whereas total cholesterol was increased in females. The estimated PDE was 0.1 mg/day and, when related to the maximum residual concentration, indicates that the cleaning process used is safe and does not require reassessment.

Phytochemical study of the roots of Euphorbia phosphorea Mart. (Euphorbiaceae) was carried out through chromatographic techniques, resulting in the isolation of a new ent-abietane diterpene named 11β,12β-dihydroxy-ent-abieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12α-olide (1), and of nine known ent-abietane diterpenes jolkinolide A (2), jolkinolide E (3), euphorin H (4), euphopilolide (5) jolkinolide F (6), ent-12-hydroxy-12[R]-abieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12-olide (7), ent-11α-hydroxyabieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12α-olide (8), 17-hydroxyjolkinolide B (9) and caudicifolin (10). The structures of all compounds were established using spectroscopic techniques such as 1D and 2D NMR, and the structure of the compound 1 was established also with MS, IR and ECD. All compounds were submitted to an in silico study through of a predictive model and then submitted to in vitro tests against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. smegmatis for evaluation of their antimycobacterial activity. Compounds 5 and 9 showed mycobacterial growth inhibition with MIC values of 62.5 μM against M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis, respectively.

Resumo A partir de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada com a Comissão de Aferição da Autodeclaração Étnico-Racial da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), este texto busca refletir sobre a fraude branca no sistema de cotas raciais que, na experiência de heteroidentificação racial, faz um corpo mestiço-negro. Esse fazer corporal, por meio da manipulação estética, é compreendido dentro do dispositivo da mestiçagem, e definido como um conjunto de técnicas discursivo-corporais, materialmente complementar ao mito da democracia racial. Dois outros fenômenos cruzam essa questão: o crescimento populacional negro no Brasil e a ampliação das políticas afirmativas destinadas a esse grupo. Mais pessoas estão denominando-se negras e, consequentemente, reivindicando acesso às cotas. Dessa forma, o problema do branco fraudador está sendo pensando, neste texto, em paralelo àqueles comumente apontados como “negros de pele clara” ou “pardos”: pessoas que se tornaram negras são as mesmas que fazem um corpo mestiço-negro para acessar as cotas?

Abstract Based on a master's research featuring the Ethnic-racial Self-declaration Assessment Committee of Bahia Federal University (UFBA), this paper aims to ponder over the white fraud in the racial quota system, which fabricates a mixed-black body in the context of racial heteroidentification. Such corporal fabrication, carried out through aesthetic manipulation, is comprehended within the miscegenation dispositive and defined as a set of corporal-discursive techniques materially complementary to racial democracy discourse. Two other phenomena intersect this question: the increasing number of black people in Brazil and the widening of affirmative actions targeting such group. As more people identify themselves as black, the access demand to quota system gets bigger. Thus, the white fraud issue is being addressed, in this paper, in parallel of those usually referred to as “light-skinned black” or “pardo (mixed)”: are the people who became black the same ones who fabricate a mixed-black body to have access to quota?