Abstract The National School Feeding Program (PNAE) is recognized worldwide as a successful public food and nutritional security policy, but many Brazilian municipalities have demonstrated difficulties in meeting the minimum purchases from family farming (AF) established in Law No. 11,947/2009. Among the possible constraints are municipal state capabilities, although empirical inferential studies are still lacking. Given this, this study aimed to understand the relationships between local state capabilities and AF purchases in the PNAE, using as a response variable the percentage of resources used by municipalities in direct AF purchases and, as explanatory variables, representative of technical- administrative, political-relational and local context. As an analysis technique, t-tests for the difference between means, Chi-square test and quantile regression were used. The results confirm the existence of a significant difference between the level of capacity of municipalities that, in 2019, met the legal minimum for acquisitions and those that failed to reach this target. The influence of state technical-administrative and political-relational capabilities on the percentage of purchases made was also revealed, corroborating the importance of considering these elements in analytical models and in the management of public policies implemented in this context. PNAE (PNAE policy (AF No 119472009 11 947 2009 11,947/2009 lacking variables technical administrative politicalrelational political relational context technique ttests t tests means Chisquare Chi square 2019 target technicaladministrative revealed 11947200 1 94 200 11,947/200 201 1194720 9 20 11,947/20 119472 2 11,947/2 11947 11,947/ 1194 11,947 119 11,94 11,9 11,

Resumo O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é reconhecido mundialmente como uma bem-sucedida política pública de segurança alimentar e nutricional, porém muitos municípios brasileiros têm demonstrado dificuldades em cumprir o mínimo de compras da agricultura familiar (AF) estabelecido na Lei nº 11.947/2009. Entre os possíveis condicionantes estão as capacidades estatais municipais, embora ainda faltem estudos empíricos inferenciais. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo compreender as relações entre capacidades estatais locais e compras da AF no PNAE, utilizando como variável de resposta o percentual de recursos empregados pelos municípios em compras diretas da AF e, como explicativas, variáveis representativas das capacidades técnico-administrativa, político-relacional e do contexto local. Como técnica de análise foram utilizados testes t de diferença entre médias, teste Qui-quadrado e regressão quantílica. Os resultados confirmam a existência de uma diferença significante entre o nível de capacidade dos municípios que, em 2019, cumpriram o mínimo legal de aquisições e aqueles que falharam no alcance dessa meta. Revelou-se, ainda, a influência das capacidades estatais técnico-administrativas e político-relacionais no percentual de compras efetuado, corroborando a importância de se considerar esses elementos nos modelos analíticos e na gestão de políticas públicas implementadas nesse contexto. PNAE (PNAE bemsucedida bem sucedida nutricional (AF 119472009 11 947 2009 11.947/2009 municipais inferenciais disso explicativas técnicoadministrativa, técnicoadministrativa técnico administrativa, administrativa técnico-administrativa políticorelacional político relacional local médias Quiquadrado Qui quadrado quantílica 2019 meta Revelouse, Revelouse Revelou se, Revelou-se técnicoadministrativas administrativas políticorelacionais relacionais efetuado 11947200 1 94 200 11.947/200 201 1194720 9 20 11.947/20 119472 2 11.947/2 11947 11.947/ 1194 11.947 119 11.94 11.9 11.

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the factors associated with the performance of students in distance education (DE) undergraduate courses at public and private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Brazil. The study was developed based on microdata from the National Student Performance Exam (ENADE) and was grounded in the Theory of Educational Production Function (TEPF) and the establishment of the Open University of Brazil (UAB) as an educational public policy. A quantitative approach was employed, and data analysis was conducted using the multiple linear regression technique estimated by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The results showed that the average performance of students in public HEIs was superior to that of students in private HEIs. Furthermore, it was proven that academic performance was significantly influenced by personal characteristics, family and socioeconomic factors, peer effects, and peculiarities of the educational system. The results are relevant as they contribute to the design of the distance education system in the country, as well as provide social contributions by offering valuable information for the formulation of more effective public educational policies. DE (DE (HEIs ENADE (ENADE TEPF (TEPF UAB (UAB policy employed OLS. OLS . (OLS) Furthermore characteristics effects country policies (OLS

Resumo Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar os fatores associados ao desempenho dos alunos dos cursos de licenciatura em Educação a Distância (EaD) de Instituições de Ensino Superior públicas e privadas no Brasil. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de microdados do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (ENADE) e teve como fundamento a Teoria da Função de Produção Educacional (TFPE). Empregou-se abordagem quantitativa e a análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da técnica de regressão linear múltipla estimada por Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO). Como resultado verificou-se que o desempenho médio dos estudantes das IES públicas foi superior ao desempenho dos estudantes das IES privadas. Além disso, comprovou-se que o desempenho acadêmico foi significativamente influenciado por características pessoais, por fatores familiares e socioeconômicos, por efeitos dos pares e por peculiaridades do sistema educacional. Os resultados são relevantes, pois trazem contribuições para o delineamento do sistema EaD no país, assim como contribuições de interesse social, pois fornecem informações valiosas para a formulação de políticas públicas educacionais mais eficazes. (EaD Brasil ENADE (ENADE TFPE. TFPE . (TFPE) Empregouse Empregou se MQO. MQO (MQO) verificouse verificou disso comprovouse comprovou pessoais socioeconômicos educacional relevantes país social eficazes (TFPE (MQO

Resumen Este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar los factores asociados al desempeño de los estudiantes de cursos de pregrado en la modalidad de Educación a Distancia (EAD) en Instituciones de Educación Superior de Brasil. El estudio se desarrolló con base en microdatos del Examen Nacional de Desempeño Estudiantil (ENADE) y se basó en la Teoría de la Función de Producción Educativa (TFPE). Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo y el análisis de los datos se realizó mediante la técnica de regresión lineal múltiple estimada por Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO). Como resultado, se encontró que el desempeño promedio de los estudiantes de las IES públicas fue mayor que el desempeño de los estudiantes de las IES privadas. Además, se demostró que el rendimiento académico estuvo significativamente influenciado por características personales, factores familiares y socioeconómicos, efectos de pares y peculiaridades del sistema educativo. Los resultados son relevantes, ya que traen aportes al diseño del sistema de educación a distancia en el país, así como aportes de interés social, ya que brindan información valiosa para la formulación de políticas educativas públicas más efectivas. EAD (EAD Brasil ENADE (ENADE TFPE. TFPE . (TFPE) MCO. MCO (MCO) resultado privadas Además personales socioeconómicos educativo relevantes país social efectivas (TFPE (MCO

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva analisar os mapeamentos na interface da segurança alimentar e nutricional e do planejamento territorial. Para isso, consideramos a fome como manifestação da questão social, o retorno do Brasil ao mapa da fome durante a Pandemia de Covid-19, a importância do Estado no planejamento de políticas públicas e a literatura. O exame da literatura demonstrou uma frágil relação entre os campos da cartografia temática, do planejamento e da alimentação. Como procedimento metodológico, realizamos a análise crítica de estudos selecionados, mobilizando definições de desertos alimentares, pântanos e ilhas de abundância. Concluímos que, para a efetivação do direito humano à alimentação adequada, é fundamental um planejamento que contemple a pluralidade da alimentação e relacione aos territórios e suas populações por meio de mapeamentos temáticos intersetoriais. Resumo territorial isso social Covid19, Covid19 Covid 19, 19 Covid-19 temática metodológico selecionados alimentares abundância adequada intersetoriais Covid1 1 Covid-1 Covid-

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the interface in mapping territorial planning and food and nutrition security. To achieve this, we consider hunger as a manifestation of the social issue, the return of Brazil to the hunger map during the COVID-19 pandemic period, the importance of the State in planning public policies, and also the literature. The literature examination demonstrates a fragile relationship between the fields of thematic cartography, territorial planning, and food. The method used was the critical analysis of selected studies, mobilizing the following definitions: food deserts, swamps, and islands of abundance. We conclude that, for the realization of the human right to adequate food, it is essential that planning relates the plurality of food to territories and their populations through intersectoral thematic mapping. Abstract security issue COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 period policies cartography studies definitions deserts swamps abundance COVID1 1 COVID-

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the quality traits and fatty acid profile of beef from Nellore and Angus bulls fed whole shelled corn (WSC) and ground corn plus maize silage (GC) diets. Eighteen Nellore and 18 Angus young bulls [381 ± 12 kg initial body weight (BW) and an average age of 20 ± 1.9 months] were used in a completely randomized design using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and were slaughtered at a final BW of 451.5 kg and 545.5 kg, respectively. Twenty–four hours after slaughter, samples of longissimus thoracis muscle were collected for the analysis of lipid oxidation, color, fatty acid profile, shear force, and cooking loss. There was no effect of diet × breed interaction on meat color, lipid oxidation, shear force, and cooking loss. Angus beef had lower shear force (p < 0.05) than Nellore beef and had a greater concentration of linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (p < 0.01). Beef of bulls fed WSC tended to have greater concentration of CLA C18:2c9t11 (p = 0.09), greater concentration of CLA C18:2t10c12 (p = 0.01), and PUFA (p = 0.05), and consequently, higher oxidation levels. Angus bulls produced beef with greater tenderness and PUFA concentration. The results of fatty acid show a possible change in biohydrogenation when animals are fed the WSC diet, reducing lipogenesis, as this diet increases the C18:2t10c12 content.

RESUMO: Lesões na vesícula urinária que culminem em pouco tecido vesical viável podem demandar cirurgias reconstrutivas desafiadoras. Neste contexto, biomateriais são alternativas válidas para a reconstrução da bexiga. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a túnica albugínea bovina como material para enxerto na cistoplastia em ratos, assim como a viabilidade deste implante preservado em mel. Trinta ratos Wistar foram divididos em dois grupos: (1) um grupo teste (T), no qual os animais foram submetidos a cistectomia parcial seguida de cistoplastia com aplicação do enxerto circular com 1,0cm de diâmetro de túnica albugínea bovina na região do ápice com sutura absorvível (Poliglactina 910 5-0) em padrão contínuo englobando todas as camadas da bexiga; e (2) um grupo simulação (S), cujos ratos realizaram apenas cistectomia parcial. Além disso, cada grupo foi posteriormente dividido em três subgrupos de acordo com a data de eutanásia no dia 7, 15 ou 30 de pós-operatório.Dois animais apresentaram hematúria autolimitante no período de observação pós-operatória. Na necrópsia, notaram-se cristais frequentes e aderências entre bexiga e peritônio. Na avaliação histopatológica, animais do grupo T eutanasiados com 15 dias de pós-operatório apresentavam camadas vesicais desorganizadas e formação de musculatura inicial na bexiga, enquanto aqueles eutanasiados com 30 dias de cirurgia mostraram urotelização completa. O padrão de urotelização foi semelhante nos dois grupos. Além disso, a formação da camada muscular esteve presente em ambos os grupos, porém mais evidente nos animais do grupo S. No entanto, o infiltrado inflamatório bem como a neovascularização foram notavelmente mais intensos nos ratos do grupo T.Pode-se concluir que o enxerto de túnica albugínea bovina foi bem sucedido no reparo da vesícula urinária de ratos, demonstrando ser uma boa opção de biomaterial para cirurgias reconstrutivas da vesícula urinária.

ABSTRACT: Urinary bladder damages leading to few viable bladder tissue available might demand a challenging reconstructive surgery. In this context, biomaterials are valid alternatives for bladder reconstruction. This study evaluated the bovine tunica albuginea fragment as graft material for cystoplasty in rats and honey-preserved implant viability.Thirty Wistar rats were assigned to two groups: (1) a test group (T) with a circular 1.0-cm-diameterbovine tunica albuginea graft application in the apex region by a continuous absorbable (Polyglactin 910 5-0) suture with stitching of all bladder layers and (2) a simulation group (S) in which animals underwent only partial cystectomy. In addition, each of these groups was further divided into three subgroups according to euthanasia period on post-surgery day 7, 15 and 30.Two animals had self-limiting hematuria at postsurgical period. At necropsy, frequent crystals and adhesion to the peritoneum were observed. At the histopathological evaluation, animals from the T group euthanized by 15th postoperative day had layers disorganization and initial muscle development, while T group rats euthanized by 30th postoperative day showed complete urothelization. Urothelization pattern was similar in both groups. Moreover, the muscular layer formation was present in both groups, but more evident in S group animals. Nevertheless, inflammatory infiltrate and neovascularization were remarkably more intense in T group rats.It might be concluded that bovine tunica albuginea graft was successful in repairing rats’ bladder, being a good biomaterial option in reconstructive urinary vesicle surgery.

ABSTRACT Carbon material is the largest material used as electrode on advanced energy storage devices. The modern lifestyle requires more energy, consequently, more smart energy use and efficient devices are needed. The constant evolution of materials technologies looking for green material and renewable raw material, that have minimal impact on the environment, is one of the most important subjects studied in recent years. The scientific and industry community are paying more attention to new forms of carbon such as nanotubes, graphene, and activated carbon fiber. The purpose of this work is to convert human hair into a hollow carbon filament to be used as a supercapacitor electrode. The human hair needs 3 stages to be converted into carbon filament: textile manufacture, oxidation, and carbonization. The electrochemical behavior was analyzed in a three-electrode electrochemical cell system with 2 M of H2SO4 electrolyte medium. The behavior of the electrode was characterized electrochemically by galvanostatic charge/discharge curves, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, showing 163 F g-1 of a maximum value of specific capacitance.

In the present study, we investigated the genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax metacaspase 1 (PvMCA1) catalytic domain in two municipalities of the main malaria hotspot in Brazil, i.e., the Juruá Valley, and observed complete sequence identity among all P. vivax field isolates and the Sal-1 reference strain. Analysis of PvMCA1 catalytic domain in different P. vivax genomic sequences publicly available also revealed a high degree of conservation worldwide, with very few amino acid substitutions that were not related to putative histidine and cysteine catalytic residues, whose involvement with the active site of protease was herein predicted by molecular modeling. The genetic conservation presented by PvMCA1 may contribute to its eligibility as a druggable target candidate in vivax malaria.

RESUMEN El inadecuado manejo y la comercialización de la pimienta-rosa (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi) en São Pedro D'Aldeia - RJ, llamó la atención de los gobiernos locales sobre la adopción de medidas que favorezcan la organización de la cadena de valor; generación de ingreso; capacitación de productores rurales y la elaboración del primer Plan de Manejo Forestal Simplificado para autorizar el manejo sustentable de la especie. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los parámetros de calidad de la pimienta-rosa como indicadores de sostenibilidad. Para ello se determinó: el contenido de humedad, pureza, uniformidad en tamiz y peso de mil semillas en muestras obtenidas de tres lotes diferentes. La prueba de germinación solo se realizó para muestras del lote 3. Los resultados mostraron que el alto contenido de humedad de las semillas (22,99%) tiene un efecto negativo en su calidad, facilitando la acción de organismos deterioradores. El grado de pureza fue satisfactorio (97,1%). Las semillas del lote 1 fueron más grandes y uniformes en comparación con las semillas de los lotes 2 y 3. Solo el lote 1 presentó un peso de semillas compatibles con lo requerido por MAPA. La tasa de germinación fue del 72%, la cual no varió entre semillas de diferentes tamaños. La actividad extractivita en el asentamiento avanza hacia la sostenibilidad, la cual se puede mejorar mediante la incorporación de buenas prácticas de recolección, procesamiento y almacenamiento de semillas.

ABSTRACT The poor management and marketing of rose pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi) in São Pedro D'Aldeia - RJ called the local governments’ attention to adopt measures that favor the value chain, increase income, train rural producers, and launch the first Simplified Forest Management Plan. All of this, to authorize the sustainable management of this species. This study aimed to evaluate the quality parameters of pink pepper as sustainability indicators. The following was measured: the moisture content, purity, uniformity in the sieve, and the weight of one thousand seeds in samples obtained from three different batches. The germination test was only carried out for samples from lot 3. The results showed that the high moisture content of the seeds (22.99%) has a negative effect on their quality, facilitating the action of spoilage organisms. The degree of purity was satisfactory (97.1%). The seeds from lot 1 were larger and more uniform than the seeds from lots 2 and 3. Only lot 1 presented the weight of seeds compatible with that required by MAPA. The germination rate was 72%, which did not vary between seeds of different sizes. The settlement’s extractive activity is moving towards sustainability, which can be improved by incorporating good seed collection, processing and storage practices.

RESUMO Os alimentos preparados com produtos de origem animal são os mais envolvidos em casos de intoxicação alimentar estafilocócica; portanto a pesquisa do Staphylococcus spp. em queijos tipo Emmental é relevante. O objetivo foi isolar e identificar espécies de Staphylococcus coagulase negativas (CNS)de queijo Emmental acondicionado em vários tipos de embalagem, por meio de técnicas bacteriológicas e bioquímicas e detectar, por PCR, a presença de nove genes responsáveis pela produção de enterotoxinas. Das 180 amostras, foram isoladas 204 cepas de CNS, que foram identificadas por provas bioquímicas como: 46 (22,6%) S. saprophyticus, 27 (13,2%) S. hominis spp. hominis, 22 (10,8%) S. sciuri, 21 (10,3%) S. xylosus, 19 (9,3%) S. epidermidis , 19 (9,3%) S. haemolyticus , 17 (8,3%) S. lentus , 17 (8,3%) S. warneri , 11(5,4%) S. equorum e 5 (2,5%) S. cohnii . Na PCR multiplex, em 14 (6,9%) isolados foi detectada a presença dos genes para enterotoxina E (SEE), em 11 (78,6%) J (SEJ), em 1 (7%) C (SEC) e em 1 (7%) I (SEI). Com base nos resultados, o tipo de embalagem não interferiu na multiplicação dos Staphylococcus spp. isolados dos queijos. Neste estudo, verificou-se que a capacidade para a produção de coagulase pela bactéria não pode ser concebida como indicativa de enterotoxigenicidade, portanto devem-se considerar os CNS como objeto de importância na epidemiologia das intoxicações estafilocócicas, fazendo-se necessária a atenção com relação à pesquisa dos CNS nos alimentos, uma vez que foram detectados genes responsáveis pela produção de toxinas, e nenhuma das amostras apresentou contagem para Staphylococcus spp. acima do limite permitido pela legislação.

ABSTRACT Food prepared with products derived from animals are involved in most cases of staphylococcal poisoning; therefore, the research of Staphylococcus spp. in Emmental cheese is more applicable. The objective of this study was to identify coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (CNS) in cheese using biochemical and molecular techniques to detect the presence of nine genes responsible for the production of enterotoxins. From 180 samples analyzed, 204 CNS strains were obtained and identified as being 46 (22.6%) S. saprophyticus strains, 27 (13.2%) S. hominis spp. hominis strains, 22 (10.8%) S. sciuri strains, 21 (10.3%) S. xylosus strains, 19 (9.3%) S. epidermidis strains, 19 (9.3%) S. haemolyticus strains, 17 (8.3%) S. lentus strains, 17 (8.3%) S. warneri strains, 11 (5.4%) S. equorum strains and 5 (2.5%) S. cohnni . Using the PCRm protocol, 14 (6.9%) strains with the presence of the genes on the enterotoxin E (SEE)11 (78.6%), J (SEJ) 1 (7%), C (SEC) 1 (7%) and I (SEI) 1 (7%) were detected. Based on the results, the type of package is not interfered of growth and isolated that Staphylococcus spp. in cheese. It was observed that bacteria capacity to produce coagulase cannot be understood as an indicative of enterotoxigenicity; therefore, the CNS should be considered as a target of importance in the epidemiology of staphylococcal intoxications. It can be concluded that CNS need to be included in bacterial foodborne disease research, since the genes responsible for the production of toxins were detected and none of the studied samples presented Staphylococcus spp. counting above the limits allowed by legislation.

RESUMO Introdução: Os meningiomas são os tumores intracranianos mais comuns em adultos. Um dos mecanismos utilizados por células tumorais para escapar da morte por células imunes é interferir em checkpoints imunológicos, impedindo, assim, o estabelecimento de resposta imune adequada. Seguindo esse conceito, um alvo promissor para uma terapia imunomoduladora é o bloqueio do eixo de morte celular programada 1 (PD-1)/ligante de morte celular programada 1 (PD-L1), conhecido por ser crucial para mecanismos de escape imune. O interferon gama (IFN-γ) se relaciona com a expressão de PD-L1, sendo produzido por células T ativadas; pode promover a hiper-regulação da expressão de PD-L1 em células tumorais. Métodos: Estudo de coorte transversal retrospectivo que analisou 93 pacientes diagnosticados com meningioma de diversos graus. Reações imuno-histoquímicas das proteínas PD-L1 e do IFN-γ foram realizadas. Resultados: Este estudo não detectou imunoexpressão de PD-L1 em nenhum dos 93 casos analisados. A expressão de PD-L1 em células de meningioma e seu papel potencial na imunossupressão local não estão totalmente estabelecidos, e a indicação de terapia anti-PD-L1 como tratamento alternativo para meningiomas ainda é controversa. Conclusão: A imunoexpressão de IFN-γ relacionou-se com menores taxas de recidiva tumoral e maior tempo de sobrevida livre de progressão de doença. Constatou-se ainda relação com ausência de pleomorfismo, melhor diferenciação e menor grau tumoral para este marcador.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors in adults. One of the mechanisms used by tumor cells to escape death by immune cells is to interfere with immunological checkpoints, thereby preventing the establishment of adequate immune response. Following this concept, a promising target for an immunomodulatory therapy is blocking programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1 axis), which is known to be crucial for immune escape mechanisms. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is related to PD-L1 expression, produced by activated T cells, and may promote hyper-regulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional cohort study analyzed 93 patients diagnosed with meningioma of different degrees, and immunohistochemical reactions of PD-L1 and IFN-γ proteins were performed. Results: This study did not detect PD-L1 immunoexpression in any of the 93 analyzed cases. The PD-L1 expression in meningioma cells and their potential role in local immunosuppression are not fully established and their indication for anti-PD-L1 therapy as an alternative treatment for meningiomas is still controversial. Conclusion: IFN-γ immunoexpression was related to lower rates of tumor recurrence and longer progression-free survival time; there was also a relationship with the absence of pleomorphism, better differentiation and lower tumor grade for this marker.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los meningiomas son los tumores intracraneales más comunes en personas adultas. Uno de los mecanismos utilizados por células tumorales para escapar de la muerte es interferir con los puntos de control inmunológicos, impidiendo así el establecimiento de una respuesta inmunitaria adecuada. Siguiendo este concepto, un objetivo prometedor para una terapia inmunomoduladora es el bloqueo del eje de la proteína de muerte celular programada 1 (PD-1)/ligando 1 de muerte celular programada (PD-L1), que es conocido por ser crucial para los mecanismos de escape inmune. El interferón gamma (IFN-γ) se relaciona con la expresión de PD-L1, es producido por células T activadas y puede promover la hiperregulación de la expresión de PD-L1 en células tumorales. Métodos: El estudio de cohorte transversal retrospectivo analizó a 93 pacientes diagnosticados con meningioma de grados variables; se realizaron reacciones inmunohistoquímicas de las proteínas PD-L1 y del IFN-γ. Resultados: Este estudio no detectó inmunoexpresión de PD-L1 en ningún de los 93 casos analizados. La expresión de PD-L1 en células de meningioma y su función potencial en la inmunosupresión local no están totalmente establecidas, y su indicación de terapia anti-PD-L1 como tratamiento alternativo para meningiomas aún es controvertida. Conclusión: La inmunoexpresión de IFN-γ se relacionó con bajas tasas de recidiva tumoral y más tiempo de supervivencia libre de enfermedad, y se constató relación con ausencia de pleomorfismo, mejor diferenciación y grado tumoral más bajo para este marcador.

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de fatores predisponentes de baixa acuidade visual entre os alunos do Colégio Universitário Geraldo Reis em Niterói-RJ. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal realizados em duas etapas. A primeira realizou-se a medida da acuidade visual dos alunos voluntários que aderiram ao termo de assentimento. Na segunda etapa foram selecionados aqueles alunos cuja acuidade visual não ultrapassaram 0,8 em pelo menos um dos olhos ou que apresentaram diferença de acuidade visual entre os olhos de duas linhas ou mais na tabela de Snellen, sendo encaminhados para avaliação oftalmológica completa no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Resultados: Do total de 325 alunos matriculados, 134 (41,2%) participaram da primeira etapa do estudo e, destes, apenas 39 (29%) apresentaram baixa visão. Dos 39 alunos selecionados para a segunda etapa do estudo, apenas 14 (36%) se voluntariaram a prosseguir para avaliação oftalmológica completa, tendo as ametropias (57,14%), a ambliopia (21,42%) e o estrabismo (14,28%) como as principais causas de baixa visual identificadas. Conclusão: A prevalência de baixa visão(low vision=baixa visão tem definição, não se chama baixa visual) para essa comunidade foi de 29% e as principais causas identificadas foram as ametropias, as ambliopias e o estrabismo. Campanhas de conscientização e os problemas de adesão aos programas de triagem devem ser considerados em novos estudos.

Abstract Purpose: To determine the prevalence of predisposing factors of low visual acuity among the students of the Geraldo Reis University College in Niterói-RJ. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study during which the visual acuity of the volunteer students who adhered to the assent term was measured. Those students whose visual acuity did not exceed 0.8 in at least one eye or who presented a difference between the eyes of two lines or more in the Snellen table were selected for the next stage of the study and were referred for complete ophthalmologic evaluation in the Service of Ophthalmology of the Antônio Pedro University Hospital / Fluminense Federal University. Results: Of the total of 325 students enrolled, 134 (41.2%) participated in the first stage of the study and of these, only 39 (29%) presented visual impairment. Of the 39 students selected for the second phase of the study, only 14 (36%) volunteered to proceed for a complete ophthalmologic evaluation, with ametropias (57.14%), amblyopia (21.42%) and strabismus (14, 28%) as the main causes of visual impairment identified. Conclusion: The prevalence of visual impairment for this community was 29% and the main causes identified were ametropias, amblyopia and strabismus. Awareness campaigns and problems of adherence to screening programs should be considered in new studies.

The main challenge for the development of a high efficiency supercapacitor is the electrode material. Developing electrode materials with high specific electrical capacitance and low electrical resistance enables an increase in the energy accumulated in the device. In addition, it is expected that the electrode material presents a simple procedure for preparation having low production cost and being environmentally friendly. This work is based on the deposition of silver nanoparticles on activated carbon felt (Ag@ACF) as a supercapacitor electrode. The samples were characterized by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and textural analysis. Supercapacitor behavior was evaluated by galvanostatic charge-discharge curves, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using a symmetrical two-electrode Swagelok type cell, and three different aqueous solution electrolytes: 2 M H2SO4, 6 M KOH and 1 M Na2SO4. Ag@ACF presented a high specific capacitance in KOH, about 170 F g-1, which makes it an interesting material for supercapacitor electrodes and it showed good specific electrical capacitance, low resistance and high cyclability.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the application of good practices in hotel restaurants in Southern Brazil, relate these practices to the microbiological quality of the food offered, in addition to identifying contamination sources. The food and beverage sector of four hotels was evaluated by means of a checklist based on the Resolution 216/2014 of Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária and microbiological analyzes. Surface, utensil, equipment and handlers’ hand samples were collected for coagulase positive Staphylococcus and thermotolerant coliform count. Isolates obtained from these culture counts were compared by band profiles obtained by rep-PCR. According to non-conformities observed, only one hotel was rated as excellent in good practices avaliation. Some microbiological analysis exceeded the allowed limit for the analyzed microorganism count, revealing failure in the hygiene-sanitary process. Genetic similarities between some food samples and handlers’ hands and utensils were identified. These results showed inadequacies in the process of food care and handling which may compromise the quality of food offered to custumers.

Abstract This paper presents the influence of different sizes of carbonyl iron particles on the reflectivity measurements of Radar Absorbing Material (RAM). The electromagnetic characterization was performed with a vector network analyzer and a rectangular waveguide in the frequency range of 12.4 to 18GHz (Ku Band). The influence of different parameters such as thicknesses, particle sizes and concentration of carbonyl iron were evaluated. Reflectivity results showed the influence of these parameters on the performance of the RAM. The best reflectivity values (~ −18 dB) were obtained for samples with 60 wt% concentration and 5 mm thickness. We provide information about significantly reflection loss improvement by simply controlling carbonyl iron particulate size.

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify yeasts species isolated from fish feed and the intestinal tracts of tambatinga fish (Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus brachypomum) cultivated in a Brazilian fish farm. Twenty tambatingas and 30 fish feed samples from different brands were acquired from two commercial establishments in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The sampled guts were divided into three equal parts, namely the anterior, medium and posterior portions, totaling 60 samples. Molecular identification was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the D1/D2 regions of the large rRNA subunit gene. Sixteen Candida nivariensis strains in the gut were identified. The fish feed samples showed a higher variability of yeast species, with the following species isolated: Hyphopichia burtonii (23.08%), Lodderomyces elongisporus (15.39%) and Trichosporon asahii (15.39%), Candida nivariensis (7.69%), C. orthopsilosis (7.69%), C. parapsilosis (7.69%), Rhodotorula minuta (7.69%), Sterigmatomyces elviae (7.69%), Cryptococcus liquefaciens (7.69%). Yeast found in feed, however, was not always isolated from tambatinga gut. Molecular identification allowed for the isolation of yeast species not previously reported in fish feed and gut samples.