ABSTRACT Background: The growing number of echocardiographic tests and the need for strict adherence to international quantification guidelines have forced cardiologists to perform highly extended and repetitive tasks when interpreting and analyzing increasingly overwhelming amounts of data. Novel machine learning (ML) techniques, designed to identify images and perform measurements at relevant visits, are becoming more common to meet this obvious need for process automation. Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate an alternative model for the interpretation and analysis of echocardiographic tests mostly based on the use of ML software in order to identify and classify views and perform standardized measurements automatically. Methods: Images came from 2000 healthy subjects, 1800 of whom were used to develop ML algorithms and 200 for subsequent validation. First, a convolutional neural network was developed in order to identify 18 standard echocardiographic views and classify them based on 8 thematic groups (stacks). The results of automatic identification were compared to classification by experts. Later, ML algorithms were developed to automatically measure 16 Doppler scan parameters for regular clinical evaluation, which were compared to measurements by an expert reader. Finally, we compared the time required to complete the analysis of an echocardiographic test using conventional manual methods with the time needed when using the ML model to classify images and perform initial echocardiographic measurements. Inter- and intra-observer variability was also analyzed. Results: Automatic view classification was possible in less than 1 second per test, with a 90% accuracy for 2D images and a 94% accuracy for Doppler scan images. Stacking images had a 91% accuracy, and it was possible to complete the groups with any necessary images in 99% of cases. Expert agreement was outstanding, with discrepancies similar to those found between two human readers. Applying ML to echocardiographic imaging classification and measurement reduced time of analysis by 41% and showed lower variability than conventional reading methods. Conclusion: Application of ML techniques may significantly improve reproducibility and efficiency of echocardiographic interpretations and measurements. Using this type of technologies in clinical practice may lead to reduced costs and increased medical staff satisfaction.

RESUMEN Introducción: El número creciente de estudios ecocardiográficos y la necesidad de cumplir rigurosamente con las recomendaciones de guías internacionales de cuantificación, ha llevado a que los cardiólogos deban realizar tareas sumamente extensas y repetitivas, como parte de la interpretación y análisis de cantidades de información cada vez más abrumadoras. Novedosas técnicas de machine learning (ML), diseñadas para reconocer imágenes y realizar mediciones en las vistas adecuadas, están siendo cada vez más utilizadas para responder a esta necesidad evidente de automatización de procesos. Objetivos: Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar un modelo alternativo de interpretación y análisis de estudios ecocardiográficos, basado fundamentalmente en la utilización de software de ML, capaz de identificar y clasificar vistas y realizar mediciones estandarizadas de forma automática. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron imágenes obtenidas en 2000 sujetos normales, libres de enfermedad, de los cuales 1800 fueron utilizados para desarrollar los algoritmos de ML y 200 para su validación posterior. Primero, una red neuronal convolucional fue desarrollada para reconocer 18 vistas ecocardiográficas estándar y clasificarlas de acuerdo con 8 grupos (stacks) temáticos. Los resultados de la identificación automática fueron comparados con la clasificación realizada por expertos. Luego, algoritmos de ML fueron desarrollados para medir automáticamente 16 parámetros de eco Doppler de evaluación clínica habitual, los cuales fueron comparados con las mediciones realizadas por un lector experto. Finalmente, comparamos el tiempo necesario para completar el análisis de un estudio ecocardiográfico con la utilización de métodos manuales convencionales, con el tiempo necesario con el empleo del modelo que incorpora ML en la clasificación de imágenes y mediciones ecocardiográficas iniciales. La variabilidad inter e intraobservador también fue analizada. Resultados: La clasificación automática de vistas fue posible en menos de 1 segundo por estudio, con una precisión de 90 % en imágenes 2D y de 94 % en imágenes Doppler. La agrupación de imágenes en stacks tuvo una precisión de 91 %, y fue posible completar dichos grupos con las imágenes necesarias en 99% de los casos. La concordancia con expertos fue excelente, con diferencias similares a las observadas entre dos lectores humanos. La incorporación de ML en la clasificación y medición de imágenes ecocardiográficas redujo un 41 % el tiempo de análisis y demostró menor variabilidad que la metodología de interpretación convencional. Conclusión: La incorporación de técnicas de ML puede mejorar significativamente la reproducibilidad y eficiencia de las interpretaciones y mediciones ecocardiográficas. La implementación de este tipo de tecnologías en la práctica clínica podría resultar en reducción de costos y aumento en la satisfacción del personal médico.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare an teriorchamber parameters acquired by a swept-source anteriorsegment optical coherence tomography before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Methods: This study prospectively evaluated 14 patients with primary-angle closure and six patients with primary-angle closure glaucoma. Gonioscopy and anterior-segment optical coherence tomography using the DRI OCT Triton® were performed before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography parameters were studied using scleral spur as reference: angle opening distance at 250, 500, and 750 µm, trabecular-iris space at 500 µm, trabecular-iris angle, trabecular-iris contact length, and iris curvature. Results: Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography identified 61% of the patients with two or more quadrants closed. Gonioscopy identified more closed angles than anterior-segment optical coherence tomography before laser peripheral iridotomy. In angle parameters, only the angle opening distance of 250 µm at the nasal quadrant was not significantly increased after laser peripheral iridotomy. The iris curvature and trabecular-iris contact length showed a significant reduction induced by the laser procedure. Even in eyes in which gonioscopy did not identify angular widening after laser peripheral iridotomy (n=7), the angle opening distance of 750 µm increased (nasal, 0.15 ± 0.10 mm to 0.27 ± 0.16 mm, p=0.01; temporal, 0.14 ± 0.11 mm to 0.25 ± 0.12 mm, p=0.001) and the iris curvature decreased (nasal, 0.25 ± 0.04 mm vs. 0.11 ± 0.07 mm, p=0.02; temporal, 0.25 ± 0.07 mm vs. 0.14 ± 0.08 mm, p=0.007). Conclusions: Anterior-chamber changes induced by laser peripheral iridotomy could be quantitatively evaluated and documented by DRI OCT Triton® Purpose sweptsource swept source Methods 1 primaryangle primary glaucoma anterior segment Triton Anteriorsegment Anterior reference 75 trabeculariris trabecular 50 Results 61 25 procedure n=7, n7 n n=7 , 7 (n=7) nasal, (nasal 015 0 15 0.1 010 10 027 27 0.2 016 16 p=0.01 p001 p 01 temporal 014 011 11 025 012 12 p=0.001 p0001 001 004 04 0.0 vs 007 07 p=0.02 p002 02 008 08 p=0.007. p0007 p=0.007 . p=0.007) Conclusions Anteriorchamber chamber 5 6 2 n= (n=7 0. p=0.0 p00 p=0.00 p000 00 (n= p=0. p0 (n p=0 p=

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os parâmetros de câmara anterior obtidos através da tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Métodos: Quatorze pacientes com fechamento angular primário e seis com glaucoma primário de ângulo fechado foram prospectivamente avaliados neste estudo. Gonioscopia e tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior com DRI OCT Triton® foram realizadas antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Os seguintes parâmetros de tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior, baseados na localização do esporão escleral, foram avaliados: ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm, 500 µm e 750 µm, área do espaço entre a íris e o trabeculado a 500 µm, ângulo entre a íris e o trabeculado, extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado e curvatura da íris. Resultados: A tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior identificou 61% dos indivíduos com dois ou mais quadrantes fechados. A gonioscopia identificou mais quadrantes com ângulo fechado do que tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes da iridectomia periférica a laser. Quanto aos parâmetros angulares, apenas ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm no quadrante nasal não aumentou significativamente após a iridectomia periférica a laser. A curvatura da íris e a extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado apresentaram redução significativa induzida pelo procedimento a laser. Mesmo nos olhos em que a gonioscopia não identificou aumento da amplitude angular após iridectomia periférica a laser (n=7), ângulo de abertura angular a 750 µm aumentou (nasal: 0,15 ± 0,10 mm para 0,27 ± 0,16 mm, p=0,01; temporal: 0,14 ± 0,11 mm para 0,25 ± 0,12 mm, p=0,001), e ICURVE diminuiu (nasal: 0,25 ± 0,04 mm vs. 0,11 ± 0,07 mm, p=0,02; temporal: 0,25 ± 0,07 mm vs. 0,14 ± 0,08 mm, p=0,007). Conclusões: As alterações na câmara anterior induzidas pelo iridectomia periférica a laser puderam ser avaliadas quantitativamente e documentadas pelo DRI OCT Triton®. Objetivo Métodos estudo Triton escleral 25 50 75 Resultados 61 fechados angulares n=7, n7 n n=7 , 7 (n=7) (nasal 015 0 15 0,1 010 10 027 27 0,2 016 16 p=0,01 p001 p 01 temporal 014 14 011 11 025 012 12 p=0,001, p0001 p=0,001 001 p=0,001) 004 04 0,0 vs 007 07 p=0,02 p002 02 008 08 p=0,007. p0007 p=0,007 . p=0,007) Conclusões 2 5 6 n= (n=7 1 0, p=0,0 p00 p000 p=0,00 00 (n= p=0, p0 (n p=0 p=

Nanofibers play a crucial role in energy storage and conversion, catalysis, and environmental remediation applications. These nanomaterials, characterized by their high surface-to-volume ratio and porous structure, exhibit exceptional properties that render them ideal for various energy applications such as in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, catalysis, and hydrogen production. This discussion outlines the historical context of electrospinning (ES), acknowledging its limitations in terms of commercial viability. Introducing the supersonic solution blowing (SSB) technique as a promising alternative, its energy-efficient process holds potential for commercial feasibility. The ES has remarkable advantages in nanofiber fabrication but faces limitations due to high operating costs. Solution blow spinning (SBS) offers speed and versatility; however, fibers have a broad distribution of diameters. SSB therefore overcomes some of the limitations of both ES and SBS techniques to produce defect-free nanofibers with smaller diameters at higher throughput rates. In this concise perspective paper, we emphasize the primary contributions of nanofibers to the development and optimization of materials used in energy applications. Drawing parallels with the prevalent ES and SBS techniques in the literature, we conclude with a discussion on the potential benefits that may arise as researchers increasingly explore this emerging and more efficient technique. conversion catalysis nanomaterials surfacetovolume surface volume structure cells lithiumion lithium ion batteries supercapacitors production ES, , (ES) viability (SSB alternative energyefficient feasibility costs (SBS versatility however defectfree defect free rates paper literature (ES

In higher education, reasonable accommodations are increasingly made for students with a wide range of disabilities. However, rigorous assessment is paramount to ensure these students are supported while preventing ineligible students from gaining unfair advantages. In this context, we sought to identify under which circumstances a university student should be allowed academic accommodation for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to outline an evidence-based policy for use in Brazil based on the global experience. We reviewed the literature to acquire information on what documents are commonly required by disability services before accommodations for ADHD are provided (including detection of malingering) and scrutinized the eligibility criteria of leading universities worldwide. Finally, renowned experts in the field and national stakeholders were consulted. Despite an exhaustive search, we found no international standard for the assessment of students with ADHD who request academic accommodation; even renowned institutions worldwide differ in their approaches to granting accommodations on the grounds of ADHD. Therefore, we propose a unified set of nationwide criteria for Brazilian universities, which could be generalized internationally. Higher education institutions in Brazil and beyond may benefit from adoption of such criteria. disabilities However advantages context attentiondeficit/hyperactivity attentiondeficithyperactivity attention deficit/hyperactivity deficit hyperactivity (ADHD evidencebased evidence experience including malingering Finally consulted search Therefore internationally attentiondeficit deficithyperactivity

Abstract This work presents an adaptive hybrid signal precoding strategy for Cell-Free (CF) Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The proposed solution exploits the advantages of both distributed and centralized signal processing schemes to perform precoding. In our proposal, some access points (APs) are dynamically configured to be used in a centralized precoding scheme, whereas others are adjusted to employ a distributed method. Simulation results show that it is possible to achieve a good compromise between spectral efficiency (SE) and computational complexity (CC) in CF Massive MIMO systems finding a sensible balance between APs utilized in centralized and distributed precoding. To the best of our knowledge, prior-art solutions have not addressed an adaptive hybrid precoding method itself, they have only proposed a specific solution for each architecture, i.e., distributed or centralized. CellFree Cell Free (CF multipleinput multiple input multipleoutput output (MIMO proposal (APs scheme SE (SE CC (CC knowledge priorart prior art itself architecture ie i e i.e. i.e

RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os parâmetros de câmara anterior obtidos através da tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Métodos: Quatorze pacientes com fechamento angular primário e seis com glaucoma primário de ângulo fechado foram prospectivamente avaliados neste estudo. Gonioscopia e tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior com DRI OCT Triton® foram realizadas antes e após a iridectomia periférica a laser. Os seguintes parâmetros de tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior, baseados na localização do esporão escleral, foram avaliados: ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm, 500 µm e 750 µm, área do espaço entre a íris e o trabeculado a 500 µm, ângulo entre a íris e o trabeculado, extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado e curvatura da íris. Resultados: A tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior identificou 61% dos indivíduos com dois ou mais quadrantes fechados. A gonioscopia identificou mais quadrantes com ângulo fechado do que tomografia de coerência óptica de segmento anterior antes da iridectomia periférica a laser. Quanto aos parâmetros angulares, apenas ângulo de abertura angular a 250 µm no quadrante nasal não aumentou significativamente após a iridectomia periférica a laser. A curvatura da íris e a extensão do contato entre a íris e o trabeculado apresentaram redução significativa induzida pelo procedimento a laser. Mesmo nos olhos em que a gonioscopia não identificou aumento da amplitude angular após iridectomia periférica a laser (n=7), ângulo de abertura angular a 750 µm aumentou (nasal: 0,15 ± 0,10 mm para 0,27 ± 0,16 mm, p=0,01; temporal: 0,14 ± 0,11 mm para 0,25 ± 0,12 mm, p=0,001), e ICURVE diminuiu (nasal: 0,25 ± 0,04 mm vs. 0,11 ± 0,07 mm, p=0,02; temporal: 0,25 ± 0,07 mm vs. 0,14 ± 0,08 mm, p=0,007). Conclusões: As alterações na câmara anterior induzidas pelo iridectomia periférica a laser puderam ser avaliadas quantitativamente e documentadas pelo DRI OCT Triton®.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare an teriorchamber parameters acquired by a swept-source anteriorsegment optical coherence tomography before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Methods: This study prospectively evaluated 14 patients with primary-angle closure and six patients with primary-angle closure glaucoma. Gonioscopy and anterior-segment optical coherence tomography using the DRI OCT Triton® were performed before and after laser peripheral iridotomy. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography parameters were studied using scleral spur as reference: angle opening distance at 250, 500, and 750 µm, trabecular-iris space at 500 µm, trabecular-iris angle, trabecular-iris contact length, and iris curvature. Results: Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography identified 61% of the patients with two or more quadrants closed. Gonioscopy identified more closed angles than anterior-segment optical coherence tomography before laser peripheral iridotomy. In angle parameters, only the angle opening distance of 250 µm at the nasal quadrant was not significantly increased after laser peripheral iridotomy. The iris curvature and trabecular-iris contact length showed a significant reduction induced by the laser procedure. Even in eyes in which gonioscopy did not identify angular widening after laser peripheral iridotomy (n=7), the angle opening distance of 750 µm increased (nasal, 0.15 ± 0.10 mm to 0.27 ± 0.16 mm, p=0.01; temporal, 0.14 ± 0.11 mm to 0.25 ± 0.12 mm, p=0.001) and the iris curvature decreased (nasal, 0.25 ± 0.04 mm vs. 0.11 ± 0.07 mm, p=0.02; temporal, 0.25 ± 0.07 mm vs. 0.14 ± 0.08 mm, p=0.007). Conclusions: Anterior-chamber changes induced by laser peripheral iridotomy could be quantitatively evaluated and documented by DRI OCT Triton®

ABSTRACT Chickpea is a commercially exploited crop on a relatively new scale in Brazil, that is why, little information on the main pests is available. Mostly caterpillars showing Heliothinae morphological characteristics have emerged in production areas. In order to point out the species of these insects in chickpea fields produced in the Federal District and the surrounding areas, this study aimed to determine the morphological and molecular identification of these invertebrates in order to assist producers in pest management in a more sustainable way. Caterpillars were hand-collected directly from the plants in six sites and the moth collection was collected using light traps in four sites, monthly, in 2017 and 2018. The morphological identification was made through the adult insect genitalia and the subsequent molecular identification was performed using the cytochrome oxidase I enzyme with the quantitative PCR technique, which resulted in the development of an efficient and low-cost DNA extraction protocol to be used in samples under unfavorable storage conditions. Morphological and molecular studies showed the presence of Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Chloridea virescens and Chloridea subflexa, with a predominance of Chloridea virescens in chickpea plants. Chloridea subflexa was verified for the first time feeding on chickpeas in Brazil. Brazil why available areas way handcollected hand monthly 201 2018 technique lowcost low cost conditions armigera zea 20 2

RESUMO O grão-de-bico é uma cultura com exploração comercial em escala relativamente nova no país e, por isso, há poucas informações disponíveis sobre as principais pragas, majoritariamente lagartas, com características morfológicas de Heliothinae, que têm surgido nas áreas de produção. Com o intuito de apontar as espécies desses insetos no grão-de-bico produzido no Distrito Federal e região produtora em seu entorno, este trabalho foi realizado para a identificação morfológica e molecular desses invertebrados para auxiliar os produtores no manejo de pragas de forma mais sustentável. Foram realizadas coletas manuais de lagartas diretamente nas plantas em seis locais e a coleta de mariposas com o uso de armadilhas luminosas em quatro locais, mensalmente, durante os anos de 2017 e 2018. A identificação morfológica foi feita através da genitália dos insetos adultos e a posterior identificação molecular foi realizada através da enzima citocromo oxidase I com a técnica de PCR quantitativo, o que resultou no desenvolvimento de um protocolo de extração de DNA eficiente e de baixo custo para o uso em amostras sob condições desfavoráveis de armazenamento. Os estudos morfológico e molecular resultaram na constatação da presença de Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Chloridea virescens e Chloridea subflexa, com predominância de Chloridea virescens nas plantas de grão-de-bico. Foi registrada pela primeira vez Chloridea subflexa se alimentando em grão-de-bico no Brasil. grãodebico grão bico isso Heliothinae produção entorno sustentável mensalmente 201 2018 quantitativo armazenamento armigera zea grãodebico. bico. Brasil 20 2

Abstract Januaria is described as a new monospecific genus of Rubiaceae, based on material from Januária, northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new taxon is endemic to Brazil, occurring in a vegetation type that is known locally as “carrasco”, in the southern limit of the Caatinga biome. Morphological (including palynological and SEM analyses) and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ETS, ITS) and plastid (atpB-rbcL, peth, rps16, trnL-trnF) sequence data were performed in the Spermacoce clade (tribe Spermacoceae). The molecular position and morphological features (a unique fruit dehiscence type, and pollen exine with simple reticulum) support Januaria as a new genus, with Mitracarpus as sister group, from which it differs principally in calyx morphology, corolla shape, and fruit dehiscence. Additionally, a further comparison with other morphologically similar genera is presented. We provide a formal description of Januaria, together with a distribution map and comments on its conservation. In addition, a discussion about the Brazilian endemics of the Spermacoce clade is given, also with a key to all the genera of this group present in the country. Rubiaceae Januária Gerais Brazil carrasco, carrasco , “carrasco” biome including ETS, ETS (ETS ITS atpBrbcL, atpBrbcL atpB rbcL, rbcL (atpB-rbcL peth rps16 rps trnLtrnF trnL trnF trnL-trnF tribe Spermacoceae. Spermacoceae . Spermacoceae) reticulum morphology shape Additionally presented conservation addition given country “carrasco rps1

ABSTRACT Objective: The risk of malignancy and diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of thyroid nodules (TN) with diameters ≥ 3-4 cm remains controversial. However, some groups have indicated surgical treatment in these patients regardless of the FNAB results. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the FNAB in systematically resected ≥4 cm TN and if the risk of malignancy is higher in these patients. Subjects and methods: We retrospectively evaluated 138 patients (142 nodules) with TN with diameters ≥4 cm who underwent thyroidectomy. Results: The FNAB results were nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory (ND/UNS) in 2.1% of the cases and benign in 51.4%. They indicated atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) in 23.9% of cases, follicular neoplasia/suspicious for a follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN) in 9.2%, suspicion of malignancy (SUS) in 8.5%, and malignant in 4.9%. The histopathological analysis after thyroidectomy revealed a thyroid cancer rate of 100% in the FNABs classified as malignant, 33.3% in SUS cases, 7.7% in FN/SFN, 17.6% in AUS/FLUS, and 4.1% in benign FNABs. None of the ND/UNS FNABs were malignant. The global malignancy diagnosis was 14.8% (n = 21). However, the rate of false negatives for FNAB was low (4.1%). Conclusion: We showed that the risk of malignancy in nodules with diameters ≥4 cm was higher compared to the risk of thyroid cancer in TN in general. However, we found a low rate of false-negative cytological results; therefore, our data do not justify the orientation of routine resection for these larger nodules. Objective fineneedle fine needle (FNAB (TN 34 3 4 3- controversial However methods 13 142 (14 Results nondiagnosticunsatisfactory nondiagnostic unsatisfactory NDUNS ND UNS (ND/UNS 21 2 1 2.1 514 51 51.4% significancefollicular AUS/FLUS AUSFLUS AUS FLUS (AUS/FLUS 239 23 9 23.9 neoplasiasuspicious neoplasia suspicious FN/SFN FNSFN FN SFN (FN/SFN 92 9.2% (SUS 85 8 5 8.5% 49 4.9% 100 333 33 33.3 77 7 7.7 176 17 6 17.6 41 4.1 148 14 14.8 n 21. . 21) 4.1%. (4.1%) Conclusion general falsenegative negative therefore (1 2. 51.4 23. 9.2 8.5 4.9 10 33. 7. 17. 4. 14. (4.1% ( 51. 9. 8. (4.1 (4. (4

Abstract The work discusses the transformations and the search for successive moments of stability in the steel production market located in the eastern Amazon. The starting point for the analysis of a steel hub that emerged through enormous state resources and social expectations, entangled in the economic policies of military governments, is the remarkable transformations it has undergone in the last two decades. Relying on regulationist and strategic action fields approaches, it was observed how transformations escaped the specific decisions of companies, and were rooted in the effects of the actions of other types of actors located in nearby social fields: on the one hand, non-economic actors begin to carry out social criticism, denouncing environmental and labor irregularities in steel production, thus engendering an institutional crisis to be faced by companies; and, on the other hand, economic actors, who, in order to respond to social criticism and economic pressures, undertook innovations, by modifying either their productive organization or the rules that regulate relations in this market. These transformations led to the transformation of conceptions of control, which in different periods supported the institutional logic that guarantees market stability, allowing progress in the modalities of economic and social improvement (upgrading), given that there were companies that advanced in the value chain and social protest agendas were reduced. Amazon expectations governments decades approaches hand noneconomic non who pressures innovations control upgrading, upgrading , (upgrading) reduced (upgrading

Resumo O trabalho discute as transformações e a busca de sucessivos momentos de estabilidade no mercado de produção siderúrgica localizado na Amazônia oriental. O ponto de partida para a análise de um polo siderúrgico emergido através de vultosos recursos estatais e expectativas sociais, enredados nas políticas econômicas dos governos militares, está nas marcantes transformações pelas quais passou nas últimas duas décadas. Apoiando-se nas abordagens regulacionista e dos campos de ação estratégica, observou-se como as transformações escaparam das decisões específicas das empresas e enraizaram-se nos efeitos das ações de outros tipos de atores situados em campos sociais próximos: de um lado, atores não econômicos passam a desempenhar uma crítica social, denunciando irregularidades ambientais e trabalhistas na produção siderúrgica, engendrando uma crise institucional a ser enfrentada pelas empresas; e, de outro, atores econômicos, que na finalidade de responder à crítica social e às injuções econômicas, empreenderam inovações, seja modificando sua organização produtiva ou as normas que regulam as relações neste mercado. Estas transformações levaram à transformação de concepções de controle que, em períodos distintos, fundamentaram a lógica institucional que garante a estabilidade do mercado, permitindo um avanço nas modalidades de aprimoramento (upgrading) econômico e social, posto que houve empresas que avançaram na cadeia de valor e foram reduzidas as pautas de contestação social. oriental militares décadas Apoiandose Apoiando se estratégica observouse observou enraizaramse enraizaram próximos lado outro inovações distintos upgrading (upgrading

Abstract Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) is an insect of major economic importance in the mango orchards of the submedium of the São Francisco River Valley, the main area of mango production and exportation in Brazil. To provide alternatives for the management of C. capitata, toxic baits based on alpha-cypermethrin (Gelsura®) and spinosad (Success® 0.02 CB) were evaluated in three commercial mango experiments during two consecutive harvests: 2016/2017 (experiment 1 - area 1) and 2017/2018 (experiment 2 -area 2 and experiment 3 - area 3). According to the results, there was a large reduction in the infestation of C. capitata after five sequential applications of the alpha-cypermethrin (6 g.ha-1) and spinosad (0.38 g.ha-1) toxic baits performed at seven-day intervals during mango fruit ripening in all experiments and years (harvest) evaluated. Compared with the untreated plots, the plots with alpha-cypermethrin and spinosad applications showed a significant reduction in the damage induced (fallen fruits and/or on trees) by C. capitata. The management of C. capitata in mango orchards can include the use of the toxic bait based on alpha-cypermethrin, which represents an alternative to rotate with spinosad toxic bait in the São Francisco River Valley. Wiedemann, Wiedemann (Wiedemann 1824 Valley Brazil C alphacypermethrin alpha cypermethrin Gelsura® Gelsura (Gelsura® Success® Success (Success 002 0 02 0.0 CB harvests 20162017 2016 2017 2016/201 20172018 2018 2017/201 3. . 3) results 6 ( g.ha1 gha1 gha g.ha g ha g.ha-1 0.38 038 38 (0.3 sevenday seven day harvest (harvest fallen andor or trees alphacypermethrin, cypermethrin, 182 (Gelsura 00 0. 2016201 201 2016/20 2017201 2017/20 ha1 g.ha- 0.3 03 (0. 18 201620 20 2016/2 201720 2017/2 (0 20162 2016/ 20172 2017/

BACKGROUND A positive Trypanosoma cruzi polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is associated with a worse prognosis in patients with chronic Chagas disease (CD). OBJECTIVES To study the association of clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics and biomarker blood levels with positive T. cruzi PCR in chronic CD. METHODS This is a single-centre observational cross-sectional study. Positive T. cruzi PCR association with clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic characteristics, and biomarker blood levels were studied by logistic regression analysis. p values < 0.05 were considered significant. FINDINGS Among 333 patients with chronic CD (56.4% men; 62 ± 10 years), T. cruzi PCR was positive in 41.1%. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression showed an independent association between positive T. cruzi PCR and diabetes mellitus {odds ratio (OR) 0.53 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.93]; p = 0.03}, right bundle branch block [OR 1.78 (95% CI 1.09-2.89); p = 0.02], and history of trypanocidal treatment [OR 0.13 (95% CI 0.04-0.38); p = 0.0002]. Among patients with a history of trypanocidal treatment (n = 39), only four (10%) patients had a positive T. cruzi PCR. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Among several studied parameters, only diabetes mellitus, right bundle branch block, and history of trypanocidal treatment showed an independent association with positive T. cruzi PCR. History of trypanocidal treatment was a strong protective factor against a positive T. cruzi PCR. (PCR . (CD) clinical electrocardiographic T singlecentre single centre crosssectional cross sectional analysis 005 0 05 0.0 significant 33 56.4% 564 56 4 (56.4 men 6 1 years, years , years) 411 41 41.1% odds OR (OR 053 53 0.5 95% 95 [95 (CI 0.300.93 030093 0.30 0.93 30 93 0.30-0.93] 0.03, 003 0.03 03 0.03} 178 78 1.7 (95 1.092.89 109289 1.09 2.89 09 2 89 1.09-2.89) 0.02, 002 0.02 02 0.02] 013 13 0.1 0.040.38 004038 0.04 0.38 04 38 0.04-0.38) 0.0002. 00002 0.0002 0002 0.0002] n 39, 39 39) 10% (10% parameters (CD 00 0. 3 56.4 5 (56. 41.1 9 [9 300 0.300.9 03009 030 0.3 093 0.9 0.30-0.93 17 7 1. (9 092 1.092.8 10928 109 1.0 289 2.8 8 1.09-2.89 01 040 0.040.3 00403 004 038 0.04-0.38 0000 0.000 000 (10 56. (56 41. [ 0.300. 0300 0.30-0.9 ( 1.092. 1092 28 2. 1.09-2.8 0.040. 0040 0.04-0.3 0.00 (1 (5 0.300 0.30-0. 1.092 1.09-2. 0.040 0.04-0. 0.30-0 1.09-2 0.04-0 0.30- 1.09- 0.04-

Resumen: Como parte de la revisión deRandiapara Sudamérica, se discute la identidad de dos especies amazónicas del género.Basanacantha inermis, descripta para Amazonia y conocida solo por el material tipo, es aquí reconocida como parte de la circunscripción deRandia. El uso del epítetoinermisse encuentra bloqueado en este género por uno anterior (Randia inermisSessé & Moc.), por lo tanto, se provee un nuevo nombre,R. adolphoduckei.Basanacantha wittii, también reconocida hasta el presente solo por el tipo, es aquí considerada como nuevo sinónimo deR. hondensis. Se elige un lectotipo paraB. wittiiy un neotipo paraR. hondensis. Se presentan descripciones completas paraRandia adolphoduckeiyR. hondensis,incluyendo datos de su biología y distribución. Se provee una ilustración deR. adolphoduckeidetallando sus aspectos principales. Se presenta también una clave de las especies que habitan la Amazonia brasileña.

Summary: As part of the revision for South American species ofRandia, the identity of two Amazonian species is discussed.Basanacantha inermis, described from Amazonia and known only from the type material, is here recognized as part ofRandia’s circumscription. The epithetinermisis blocked by an earlier name (Randia inermisSessé & Moc.), thus the new nameR. adolphoduckeiis provided here.Basanacantha wittii, also recognized until now only by its original material, is here considered as a new synonym ofR. hondensis. A lectotype is chosen forB. inermisand a neotype forR. hondensis. Here, it is presented complete descriptions toRandia adolphoduckeiandR. hondensis, including comments concerning its biology and distribution. Additionally, we also provide an illustration toR. adolphoduckei, detailing its mains aspects. A key to distinguish Amazonian species is also provided.