ABSTRACT Background: Multiple myeloma is a disease of the elderly. However, 40% of patients are diagnosed before 65 years old. Outcomes regarding age as a prognostic factor in MM are heterogeneous. Method: We retrospectively analyzed clinical characteristics, response to treatment and survival of 282 patients with active newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma, comparing results between patients younger and older than 65 years. Main results: The frequency of multiple myeloma in those younger than 66 years was 53.2%. Younger patients presented with a more aggressive disease, more advanced Durie-Salmon stage (85.3% vs 73.5%; p = 0.013), extramedullary disease (12.7% vs 0%; p < 0.001), osteolytic lesions (78.7% vs 57.6%; p < 0.001) and bone plasmacytoma (25.3% vs 11.4%; p = 0.003). In spite of this, the overall response rate was similar between groups (80.6% vs 81.4%; p = 0.866). The overall survival was significantly longer in young patients (median, 65 months vs 41 months; p = 0.001) and higher in those who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The main cause of death was disease progression in both groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that creatinine ≥2 mg/dl, extramedullary disease, ≤very good partial remission and non-autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are independent risk factors for shorter survival. Conclusion: Although multiple myeloma patients younger than 66 years of age have an aggressive presentation, this did not translate into an inferior overall survival, particularly in those undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Resumen: La anticoncepción en las pacientes con trombofilia es un desafío para el equipo de salud. La función de asesoramiento en materia de planificación familiar va más allá de la simple prescripción, ya que para definir el mejor método anticonceptivo no es suficiente la consideración de los antecedentes médicos y obstétricos de la mujer, sino que es imprescindible considerar las preferencias de la paciente. El asesoramiento sobre anticoncepción en las mujeres con trombofilia hereditaria debe abordar los riesgos de enfermedad tromboembólica venosa, incrementada en este grupo de pacientes, considerando cada uno de los métodos anticonceptivos, así como los de un embarazo no buscado, con el objetivo de contribuir a que la decisión se tome de manera informada. La presente revisión aborda este riesgo según cada tipo anticonceptivo en pacientes con distintos tipos de trombofilia hereditaria.

Abstract: Contraception in patients with thrombophilia is a challenge for the health team. The role of family planning counseling goes beyond simple prescription, since in order to define the best contraceptive method, it is not enough to consider the woman's medical and obstetric history, but rather it is essential to consider the patient's preferences . Counseling on contraception in women with hereditary thrombophilia should address the risks of venous thromboembolic disease, increased in this group of patients, considering each of the contraceptive methods, as well as those of an unintended pregnancy, in order to contribute to the the decision is made in an informed manner. The present review addresses this risk according to each contraceptive type in patients with different types of inherited thrombophilia.

Resumo: A contracepção em pacientes com trombofilia é um desafio para a equipe de saúde. O papel do aconselhamento de planejamento familiar vai além da simples prescrição, pois para definir o melhor método anticoncepcional não basta considerar a história médica e obstétrica da mulher, mas sim considerar as preferências da paciente. O aconselhamento sobre contracepção em mulheres com trombofilia hereditária deve abordar os riscos de doença tromboembólica venosa, aumentados neste grupo de pacientes, considerando cada um dos métodos contraceptivos, bem como os de gravidez indesejada, a fim de contribuir para a tomada de decisão de uma forma informada. A presente revisão aborda esse risco de acordo com cada tipo de contraceptivo em pacientes com diferentes tipos de trombofilia hereditária.