Abstract Tower sprayers play a vital role in agriculture, being designed to apply pesticides and fertilizers effectively. The dynamics of this equipment, especially the vibration of the tower, play a crucial role in the success of agricultural operations. Analyzing and understanding this vibration is critical to ensuring application accuracy while minimizing variations in chemical distribution. This understanding directly contributes to uniform plant coverage, improving spraying efficiency and reducing input losses. In addition, practical vibration analysis extends the life of tower components, optimizes operational safety, and promotes energy efficiency by reducing fuel consumption. Tower stability becomes crucial to prevent spills and ensure efficient use of available resources. In short, dynamics and vibration analysis in tower sprayers are critical elements for the precise, efficient, and safe application of agricultural inputs. This approach promotes sustainable practices and contributes significantly to the success of farming operations. As a result of this study, a 23.68% reduction in trailer vibration amplitude was achieved. agriculture effectively equipment operations distribution coverage losses addition components safety consumption resources short precise inputs study 2368 23 68 23.68 achieved 236 2 6 23.6 23.

Abstract This study describes the use of bentonite in suspension for the caffeine adsorption (pollutant of emerging concern) by taking different conditions of the pH, adsorbent mass, adsorbent calcination temperature and interferents into account. The results were compared with those obtained using bentonite immobilized in alginate beads. The acid medium has a greater efficiency for the caffeine adsorption and the adsorbent calcination temperature exerts, due to structural changes. Caffeine removal higher than 90% was obtained at optimized conditions. The Langmuir model indicated a better fit of the data and the adsorption capacity of caffeine onto bentonite. The bentonite immobilized led to a slower adsorption process in relation to the suspended.

Estudos de estruturas sociais vêm crescendo nos últimos anos, pois sua forma de compartilhamento e criação de conteúdo vêm atraindo o público em geral. Tais estruturas são observadas, por exemplo, em obras literárias. Um autor é J.R.R. Tolkien, com seus livros que descrevem um mundo fictício e seus habitantes. Estes livros trazem uma narrativa da criação da Terra-Média e toda a sua mitologia. Suas principais obras são: O Silmarillion, O Hobbit e O Senhor dos Anéis. O principal objetivo deste artigo é a análise da estrutura social emergente do conjunto destas obras, onde as relações sociais são descritas pelos critérios de alusão. compartilhamento de eventos e ligação direta, com as principais medidas de centralidade juntamente com a entropia estrutural de primeira ordem. Tirna-se então possível estabelcer uma analogia com o ensemble canônico da mecânica estatística, possibilitando analisar o grau de homogeneidade das ligações entre as comunidades formadas.

Studies of social structures have been growing in the last years, because the form of sharing and creating contentes has attracted the genersl public. Such structures are observed, as an example, in literary works. A featured author is J.R.R. Tolkien, with his books that describe a fictional world and its inhabitants. These books bring a narrative of the creation of the Middle-Earth and all of its mythology. His main pieces are: The Silmarillion, The Hobbit, and The Lord of the Rings. The main objective of this article is the analysis of the social structures emerging of the conjunction of these works, in which the social relations are described by the reference criteria, shared events and direct bonds, with some major centrality measures together with the structural entropy of first order. It is then possible to establish an analogy with the canonic ensemble of statistical mechanics, with the possibility of analyzing the degree of homogeneity of the bonds between the communities.