ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to determine the use and efficiency of energy and to quantify the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, per hectare, for the cultivation of pepper, Capsicum anuum L., hybrid MIRELLA F1, using plastic mulch in the open-field. The assays were performed in a farm of Puerto La Boca (1° 20’ 51” S and 80° 43’ 51” W), the precinct of the Puerto Cayo parish of Jipijapa Municipality, Manabí province, Ecuador. The data was collected through field research, between March and September 2021, under observation and timing techniques. There was evidence of energy consumption and production (in the form of pepper berries) of 18,442.29 and 27,702.74 MJ ha-1, respectively, and a total GHG emission of 3,058.90 kg CO2-eq ha-1. The energy efficiency was determined at 1.50, the energy productivity 1.88 kg MJ-1, the specific energy 0.53 MJ kg-1, and the net energy 8,858.46 MJ ha-1. The quotas of direct and indirect energies were calculated at 9,513.15 and 8,929.15 MJ ha-1, respectively, and the proportion of renewable and non-renewable energies at 12,994.03 and 5,448.27 MJ ha-1, respectively. The GHG index per kg of MIRELLA F1 pepper yield was 0.088. (GHG emissions hectare L L. F openfield. openfield open field. open-field 1° 1 (1 20 51 80 43 W, W , W) Municipality province Ecuador research 2021 techniques berries 1844229 18 442 29 18,442.2 2770274 27 702 74 27,702.7 ha1, ha1 ha 1, ha-1 respectively 305890 3 058 90 3,058.9 CO2eq COeq CO2 eq CO ha1. 1. 150 50 1.50 188 88 1.8 MJ1, MJ1 MJ-1 053 0 53 0.5 kg1, kg1 kg-1 885846 8 858 46 8,858.4 951315 9 513 15 9,513.1 892915 929 8,929.1 nonrenewable non 1299403 12 994 03 12,994.0 544827 5 448 5,448.2 0088 088 0.088 ( 2 4 202 184422 44 18,442. 277027 70 7 27,702. ha- 30589 05 3,058. 1.5 MJ- 0. kg- 88584 85 8,858. 95131 9,513. 89291 92 8,929. 129940 99 12,994. 54482 5,448. 008 08 0.08 18442 18,442 27702 27,702 3058 3,058 8858 8,858 9513 9,513 8929 8,929 12994 12,994 5448 5,448 00 0.0 1844 18,44 2770 27,70 305 3,05 885 8,85 951 9,51 892 8,92 1299 12,99 544 5,44 184 18,4 277 27,7 30 3,0 8,8 95 9,5 89 8,9 129 12,9 54 5,4 18, 27, 3, 8, 9, 12, 5,

ABSTRACT The present research was carried out in Joa Commune of Jipijapa Canton, Manabí Province, Ecuador. The objective of the work was to determine technological and operation indexes of the YTO DF-15L rototiller with rotary plow in the preparation of soil for the cultivation of watermelon. The methodology to determine the technological and operation indexes was based on the chronometric observation, with the use of the Cuban standard 34-37: 2003. To determine the physic-mechanical properties of the soil the AASHTO standard T-88 was used. The main results showed that the appropriate type of soil for watermelon sowing is with a sandy loam texture, of flat relief and with gravimetric humidity of 18.52%. In addition, it should have a resistance to penetration of 1,0 MPa as average, which allows affirming that the soil is in conditions of good growth for the plant. The obstruction in the field due to harvest remains was 1200 kg / ha. The productivity per hour of operation time was 0.05 ha / h and the coefficient of use of productive time was 0.96. During the observation period, only one break in the rotary plow propellant chain was recorded, the technical safety coefficient was 0.97, the depth of soil preparation reached 15,9 cm and the quality of fluffy soil was satisfactory. It was concluded that the technological and operation indexes of the YTO DF-15L rotary tiller in the preparation of soil were satisfactory, being recommended to the producers to sow watermelon seeds, not on flat terrain, but on ridges with a height of 10 to 20 cm, which can be made with manual tools.

RESUMEN La presente investigación se realizó en la comuna Joá del cantón Jipijapa, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. El objetivo del trabajo es determinar los índices tecnológicos y explotación del motocultor YTO DF-15L con arado rotativo en la preparación de suelo para el cultivo de sandía. La metodología para determinar los índices tecnológicos y explotación se basó en la observación cronométrica, con la utilización de la norma cubana 34-37:2003, para determinar las propiedades físico-mecánicas del suelo se utilizó la norma AASHTO T-88. Los principales resultados evidencian que el tipo de suelo para la siembra de sandía es apropiado, de textura franco arenoso arcilloso, de relieve llano, con humedad gravimétrica de 18,52%, la resistencia a la penetración alcanza un promedio de 1,0 MPa, lo que permite afirmar que el suelo se encuentra en condiciones de para buen crecimiento para la planta; la obstrucción en el campo por restos de cosecha es de 1 200 kg/ha. La productividad por hora de tiempo de explotación fue de 0,05 ha/h; el coeficiente de utilización del tiempo productivo es igual a 0,96; durante el período de observación se registró solo una rotura en la cadena propulsora del arado rotativo, obteniendo el coeficiente de seguridad técnica el valor de 0,97; la profundidad de preparación de suelo alcanzó 15,9 cm, la calidad de mullido del suelo es satisfactoria. Se concluye que los índices tecnológicos y de explotación del motocultor YTO DF-15L con arado rotativo en la preparación de suelo fueron satisfactorios, siendo recomendado a los productores realizar la siembra de semillas de sandía no en terreno plano, sino en camellones con altura de 10…20 cm, los cuales se puede conformar con herramientas manuales.